CN100583859C - Pulse detection in wireless communications system - Google Patents
Pulse detection in wireless communications system Download PDFInfo
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- CN100583859C CN100583859C CN200480009927A CN200480009927A CN100583859C CN 100583859 C CN100583859 C CN 100583859C CN 200480009927 A CN200480009927 A CN 200480009927A CN 200480009927 A CN200480009927 A CN 200480009927A CN 100583859 C CN100583859 C CN 100583859C
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Abstract
Pulses are detected in a communications receiver by programming each of a plurality of comparators (44a, 44b, ... , 44n) with a sampling time point selected from a plurality of sampling time points (58, 60) and with a reference level selected from a plurality of reference levels (54, 56). The received signal is applied to each of the comparators such that each of the comparators produces a respective output signal based on a comparison between the received signal level and the selected reference level at the selected sampling time point. The combinations of sampling time points and reference levels can be selected based on knowledge about the expected arrival times of the pulses, and based on knowledge about the possible shapes of said pulses, with the result that the device can detect received pulses without requiring large amounts of hardware, in a device which has an acceptable power consumption. The communications system may be a signaling system, or a radar or positioning system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radio communication, relate in particular to the receiver that is used for wireless communication system.More particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of pulse detection equipment and method that for example is used for ultra broadband (UWB) wireless communication system.This communication system can be to send the signaling system of data from transmitter to receiver, and perhaps, it can be radar or navigation system, and wherein, the emittor/receiver of combination detects the reflection of the signal of it self emission.
Term " ultra broadband " is used to represent a plurality of different wireless communication systems.In a kind of form of ultra broadband (UWB) communication system, transmitter produces the pulse train with radio-frequency transmissions.The function of receiver is to detect these pulses, so that can extract data from the signal of emission.For example, the pulse of each emission or small echo can be encoded to one or more bits of emission data, with difform transmitted pulse different emission bits are encoded.Perhaps, the emission data can be used for exomonental position or phase place are modulated.
Background technology
WO01/93444 discloses a kind of and entering signal realizes synchronous UWB receiver.Receiver this earth pulse that produces and the signal of receiving are carried out relevant, when the degree of correlation is high, then determine to have realized synchronous.
But the shortcoming of this system is that receiver is synchronized to entering signal needs the considerable time, and receiver needs the correct time maker.
Proposed another kind of UWB receiver structure by the document " An Integrated; Low-Power; Ultra-Wideband Transceiver Architecture for Low-Rate, Indoor Wireless Systems " that O ' Donnell etc. is published in " IEEE CAS Workshop onWireless Communications and Networking " in September, 2002.The document discloses uses one group of analog to digital converter, and this group analog to digital converter is used in the pulse period the complete analog-to-digital conversion of the realization of receiving signal.
But its shortcoming is that in order to realize desired complete analog-to-digital conversion, the power consumption of equipment is very high.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of to the minimum receiver structure of System Hardware Requirement.
According to a first aspect of the invention, provide a kind of communication control processor, it comprises pulse detecting unit, is used for detecting the pulse of the signal of receiving, described pulse detecting unit comprises:
A plurality of comparators;
The sampling time maker is used to generate the signal of representing a plurality of sampling times points; And
The reference level maker is used to generate a plurality of reference levels;
Wherein, use the sampling time point of from described a plurality of sampling times point, selecting and use the reference level of from described a plurality of reference levels, selecting, can programme in the described comparator each; And
Wherein, with the described signal application of receiving each in described comparator, so that each in the described comparator is stated the signal level received and the comparative result between the described reference level of selecting according to the sampling time point place of choosing described, produce corresponding output signal.
According to a second aspect of the invention, provide a kind of method that is used for detecting the pulse that communication control processor receives, this method comprises:
Generate the signal of a plurality of sampling time points of expression;
Generate a plurality of reference levels;
With the sampling time point of from described a plurality of sampling times point, selecting with use the reference level of from described a plurality of reference levels, selecting, in the described comparator each is programmed; And
With the described signal application of receiving each in described comparator, so that each in the described comparator is stated the signal level received and the comparative result between the described reference level of selecting according to the sampling time point place of choosing described, produce corresponding output signal.
Description of drawings
By the detailed description below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, above-mentioned and other purposes of the present invention and feature will become more apparent, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic block diagram according to wireless communication system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sequential chart of the possible signal in the system of presentation graphs 1;
Fig. 3 is the amplification block diagram of the part of the receiver in the system of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 be Fig. 3 the flow chart of method of operation of equipment not.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the block diagram according to wireless communication system of the present invention.Particularly, this system comprises transmitter 10, and transmitter 10 comprises processor 12, radiating circuit 14 and antenna 16.Processor 12 receives data to be launched, and this data transaction is become can be launched the form that circuit 14 is handled.Then, radiating circuit 14 output signals are to be launched by antenna 16.Transmitter 10 can be traditional usually.
Therefore, in preferred embodiment shown in Figure 1, the present invention is used for the ultra broadband that form is a signaling system (UWB) communication system, wherein, send data from transmitter to receiver, still, identical principle also is applicable to other wireless communication systems that comprise UWB radar and navigation system, wherein, individual equipment is integrated is used for exomonental transmitter and is used for the receiver of detection of reflected pulse.
Fig. 2 shows the sequential chart of a kind of possibility form of the signal that can launch in the UWB system.Particularly, transmitter 10 launch pulse sequences 30,32.It is evident that for ease of description and interpretation, Fig. 2 only shows two pulses, but emission comprises a large amount of pulses usually.
It is to be further understood that the form when Fig. 2 shows signal and is launched.The distortion of the less degree of introducing in distortion in the wireless channel between the transmitter and receiver and noise and the transmitter and receiver means that the signal of receiving and the signal of emission are incomplete same.The function of receiver is to utilize the available information of the signal receive to determine the form that transmits.
In Fig. 2, first pulse 30 is extended until time T 2, the second pulses 32 from time T 1 and is extended until time T 4 from time T 3.The duration of each pulse, promptly the time interval (T1, T2) and (T3 T4), is generally several nanoseconds or the littler order of magnitude.By contrast, the interval between the pulse, promptly the time interval (T1, T3), normally tens or the order of magnitude of hundreds of nanosecond.
By the continuous impulse modulation, can recover the information that transmits and comprised in the receiver again.In this simple case, pulse 30,32 shown in Figure 2 has difformity, for example can represent the Binary Zero launched and the binary one of emission respectively.Digital coding to be launched is become continuous difformity pulse, and the pulse-detecting circuit 26 in the receiver 20 can detect each pulse and represent Binary Zero or binary one, and can output to DSP 28 to this information.
Certainly, the present invention also is applicable to the modulation of any adequate types, for example pulse position modulation, bi-phase modulated or pulse amplitude modulation.
Fig. 3 is the block diagram of the pulse-detecting circuit 26 in the receiver 20.
Pulse-detecting circuit 26 has input 42, and input 42 is from receiver front end circuit 24 received signals.The signal parallel of receiving offer one group of latch circuit 44a, 44b ..., 44n, Fig. 3 only shows in detail wherein first.
Signal of receiving from input 42 and reference signal are offered preamplifier 48.The output of preamplifier 48 is applied to first side of latch 50.Time signal is applied to the control input end 52 of latch, and when time of receipt (T of R) during signal, the output 54 of latch provides a signal, and the signal that expression is received is higher or lower than the threshold level that reference signal sets.
In latch circuit 44a, can provide current source.But useful is, single current with reference to can drive the bias current to latch circuit 44a, 44b ..., preamplifier 48 and latch 50 in each latch among the 44n.
This pulse-detecting circuit comprises that reference level is provided with module 54 and with reference to selector switch 56, reference level is provided with module 54 for example can comprise resistance ladder (resistive ladder), a plurality of available reference level are provided, with reference to selector switch 56 can the corresponding reference level of from the available reference level, selecting offer latch circuit 44a, 44b ..., among the 44n each.
Pulse-detecting circuit 26 also comprises reference clock 58 and selection of time switch 60, and reference clock 58 is as the time-delay maker, selection of time switch 60 suitable corresponding time signal offer latch 44a, 44b ..., among the 44n each.Reference clock generative circuit 58 is preferably based on by phase-locked loop (PLL) and locks onto the voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) of external reference and can generate the delay-lock loop (DLL) of minute interval time signal.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, control with reference to selector switch 56 and selection of time switch 60 from the input that DSP 28 receives.
For the exemplary signal of receiving shown in Figure 2, during first pulse 30, reference level generative circuit 56 provides 7 available reference level L-3, L-2, L-1, L0, LI, L2 and L3, reference clock generative circuit 58 provides 6 possible time sampling points, i.e. T11, T12, T13, T14, T15 and T16.Although Fig. 2 does not show that in second pulse 32 and each succeeding impulse, reference clock generative circuit 58 provides six possible time sampling points equally.
The resolution required according to outputting measurement value can provide any amount of reference level and time sampling point.
In first pulse 30, to latch circuit 44a, 44b ..., among the 44n each sampling time reference level selecting from described reference level being provided and from described possible sampling time, selecting.Therefore, latch 44a, 44b ..., 44n is as comparator, each latch provides an output signal at its corresponding output 54, expression receives whether the level of signal surpasses the threshold level at this time point place.Then, will offer DSP 28 from the output signal of the corresponding output end 54 of latch 44.
The present invention comes from such understanding: in order successfully to detect the pulse receive, do not need receiving that signal carries out analog-to-digital conversion completely.On the contrary, the comparator from part possibility threshold level and time point obtains to export just enough.For example, in illustrative example shown in Figure 2, seven available reference level L-3, L-2, L-1, L0, LI, L2 and L3 and six possibility time sampling point T11, T12, T13, T14, T15 and T16 will provide 42 kinds of reference level and time sampling point may make up.
But in fact, only need obtain relatively output from very a spot of comparator, with one of in seven available reference level with six possible time sampling points in one of each comparator is programmed, just can offer an explanation out possible transmitting with the height certainty.
Required number of comparators depends on the modulating mode that transmits, and modulating mode is complicated more, and required comparator is just many more.In addition, by providing additional comparator, the pulse shape that receiver can obtain to receive and the additional information of pulse amplitude.
Fig. 2 shows a realization example.For ease of explanation, Fig. 2 not only shows the pulse 30 of emission, also shows top overlapping another pulse shape 70 that dots, and it may be launched at that time.In addition, must be noted that also actual signal of receiving and possible transmitted pulse 30 or 70 can be not identical.But receiver must be based on the actual signal of receiving, may launch in the pulse 30,70 which at that time to qualitatively judge highly really.
In this illustrative example, with one of in seven available reference level with six one of in may time sampling points to each is programmed in ten comparators, in Fig. 2, mark these combinations with cross.Therefore, first comparator is programmed, second comparator is programmed, first comparator is programmed with reference level L-1 and time sampling point T12 with reference level L1 and time sampling point T12 with reference level L0 and time sampling point T11, or the like.Usually, in the up duration sampled point at least some, need at least two comparators to be programmed with different reference levels and shared time sampling point.
As can be seen, in the combination for each programming, expectation pulse 30 generates a specific comparator output, and expectation pulse 70 generates an opposite comparator output.Although these results are subjected to the influence of distortion easily,, for having launched in these two pulses which, should produce from the output of all ten comparators and can accept conclusive judged result.
As mentioned above, by the additional comparators that provides two to use reference level L3 and time sampling point T13 programming respectively and programme with reference level L-3 and time sampling point T13, receiver can obtain the relevant additional information of pulse amplitude.
Any available information of expection pulse be can use, for example,, the reference level and the sampled point that are programmed in each comparator selected about the information of the expection amplitude or the time of advent and about pulse modulated information that may form.Available information can be different, and this depends on that receiver is used for signaling communication system or radar or navigation system.
In the initial acquisition phase of the operation of pulse-detecting circuit 26, when not detecting pulse as yet, also do not expect the relevant available information of the amplitude or the time of advent.Therefore, in this operational phase, need to select the sampled point of broad at interval, so that the actual probability that appears in the pulse period is higher one of in these sampled points.In addition, higher initial threshold value is set preferably, then along with the time is reduced threshold value, to guarantee detecting pulse rather than the noise of receiving as expection.
The method of operation of pulse-detecting circuit 26 after the initial acquisition phase when flow chart of Fig. 4 shows existing for information about of the expection amplitude of pulse and the time of advent.
In step 60, determine the amplitude and the time of advent of pulse, for example as mentioned above.This information is used to select the combination of threshold value and sampled point, and the information that provides is actual to be can be used for detecting pulse and offer an explanation possible transmitted pulse shapes.Therefore, can select less than the maximum impulse amplitude but have the threshold value of comparable amplitude.Equally, can select to be positioned at the sampled point of received pulse period, that is to say, for example, in Fig. 2, the period (T1, T2) in, rather than (T2, T3) in.
In step 62, determine employed modulating mode.For example, receiver 20 can be from a plurality of transmitters or the transmitter that can use the different modulating pattern, received signal.
In step 64, determine optimum threshold value and sampled point.About the information of modulating mode, that is, by means of the shape of the pulse of emission for information about, can realize the selection of threshold value and sampled point, thus can be with the possible transmitted pulse shapes of required high probability explanation.For example, for the situation of pulse shown in Figure 2 30,32, the signal amplitude of time T 11 is less than L3, and this is with (T1, it is irrelevant to receive in two pulses which in T2) in the period.Therefore, do not select the combination of threshold value L3 and sampled point T11, because that is helpless to offer an explanation this two possible transmitted pulse shapes.
Can be programmed into each available sampled point in one or more latchs.By making up, can be programmed into a sampled point in the more than one latch, although the maximum quantity of the latch that the loading level of time location maker is programmed to available single time sampling point is restricted with different threshold value.
When considering modulating mode, select threshold value and sampled point, this means that this receiver is quite flexibly.
Another factor that will consider is that by selecting threshold value and sampled point suitably, comparator output can be used for determining more accurately to receive the definite time location and the amplitude of pulse, therefore, can be used for optimizing to the amplitude of following pulse and the prediction of the time of advent.
In step 66, with the combination of selected threshold value and sampled point, to latch circuit 44a, 44b ..., 44n programmes, in step 68, produce the comparator output of gained, and send it to DSP 28.
According to the output of the comparator received in the pulse, DSP 28 can predict and most possibly receive in may transmitted pulse which.Then, can from detected pulse, extract the information of emission, and it is used in the further processing of signal.
Therefore, with the threshold value of selecting in each pulse and the combination of sampled point, to each latch 44a, 44b ..., 44n programmes.The advantage of latch shown in Figure 3 is, their can make a response apace (for example, having the acquisition time that the order of magnitude is 50 picoseconds).This also means, before receiving pulse, only needs the very short time of latch biasing, thus the power dissipation of reduction circuit.Offer latch 44a, 44b ..., the bias reference of 44n also can offer signal preamplifier, thereby not need parts are doubled.
Although the acquisition time that latch needs is short, do not need them to have short conversion and resetting time.This is because each latch only needs to produce an output signal in each pulse.Therefore, the conversion of latch and resetting time can be the orders of magnitude of nanosecond.
As mentioned above, before offering detecting signal unit 26, may need the signal of receiving is amplified in receiving circuit 24 in advance, be suitable for comparing with the available reference level with the amplitude of guaranteeing them.Perhaps, reference level generator 54 can comprise variable gain.In this case,, can regulate available reference level, so that their amplitude is suitable for and receives that signal compares according to determined pulse amplitude.In order to realize this point, reference level maker 54 generates required reference level by the digital to analog converter that multiplies each other.
Therefore, in having the equipment that to accept power consumption, provide a kind of and can detect the pulse of receiving and do not need the pulse detecting unit of a large amount of hardware.
Briefly say, in communication system, in a plurality of comparators each is programmed, in communication control processor, detect pulse by using a sampling time point of from a plurality of sampling times point, selecting and a reference level of from a plurality of reference levels, selecting.The signal of receiving is offered each comparator, thereby each comparator produces corresponding output signal according to the comparative result of putting in the selected sampling time between signal level of receiving and the reference level of selecting.
Based on the pulse Expected Arrival Time for information about, and based on the possible shape of described pulse for information about, select the combination of sampling time point and reference level, therefore, in having the equipment that can accept power consumption, this equipment can detect the pulse of receiving, and does not need a large amount of hardware.
This communication system can be a signal system, or radar or navigation system.
Claims (12)
1, a kind of communication control processor comprises pulse detecting unit, is used for detecting the pulse of the signal of receiving, described pulse detecting unit comprises:
A plurality of comparators;
The sampling time maker is used to generate the signal of representing a plurality of sampling times points; And
The reference level maker is used to generate a plurality of reference levels;
Wherein, use the sampling time point of from described a plurality of sampling times point, selecting and use the reference level of from described a plurality of reference levels, selecting, can programme in the described comparator each; And
Wherein, with the described signal application of receiving each in described comparator, so that each in the described comparator produces corresponding output signal according to stating the level of the signal of receiving and the comparative result between the described reference level of selecting in the described sampling time point place of choosing.
2, communication control processor as claimed in claim 1 comprises signal processor, is used for detecting the pulse in the described signal of receiving according to the described output signal from described comparator.
3, communication control processor as claimed in claim 2, wherein, the sampling time that described signal processor is used for selecting accordingly puts and reference level, described comparator is programmed, so that detect described pulse.
4, as claim 1,2 or 3 described communication control processors, comprise preamplifier, be used for the described signal of receiving is amplified to suitable level in advance, to compare with described a plurality of reference levels.
5, as claim 1,2 or 3 described communication control processors, wherein, described reference level maker is used to regulate a plurality of reference levels of described generation, to compare with the described signal of receiving.
6, as claim 1,2 or 3 described communication control processors, also comprise current reference, be used for bias current is driven into described a plurality of comparator.
7, a kind of method that is used for detecting the pulse in the signal of receiving at communication control processor, this method comprises:
Generate the signal of a plurality of sampling time points of expression;
Generate a plurality of reference levels;
With the sampling time point of from described a plurality of sampling times point, selecting with use the reference level of from described a plurality of reference levels, selecting, in a plurality of comparators each is programmed; And
With the described signal application of receiving each in described comparator, so that each in the described comparator produces corresponding output signal according to stating the level of the signal of receiving and the comparative result between the described reference level of selecting in the described sampling time point place of choosing.
8, method as claimed in claim 7 comprises: based on the described output signal from described comparator, detect the pulse in the described signal of receiving.
9, as claim 7 or 8 described methods, comprising: the described signal of receiving is amplified to suitable level in advance, to compare with described a plurality of reference levels.
10, as claim 7 or 8 described methods, comprising: a plurality of reference levels of described generation regulated, to compare with the described signal of receiving.
11, as claim 7 or 8 described methods, comprising: according to the possible shape of described pulse for information about, described comparator is programmed with sampling time point and the reference level selected accordingly.
12, as claim 7 or 8 described methods, comprising: according to the Expected Arrival Time of described pulse for information about, described comparator is programmed with sampling time point and the reference level selected accordingly.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| EP03076127 | 2003-04-14 | ||
| EP03076127.4 | 2003-04-14 | ||
| EP03102357.5 | 2003-07-30 |
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| CN100583859C true CN100583859C (en) | 2010-01-20 |
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Anintegrated,LowPower,Ultra-widebandTransceiverArchitectureforLow-rate,Indoor WirelessSystems. Ian D.O'Donnell,MikeS.W.Chen,StanleyB.T.Wang,RobertW.Brodersen.IEEE CAS Workshop on Wireless Communications and Networking. 2002 |
| Anintegrated,LowPower,Ultra-widebandTransceiverArchitectureforLow-rate,Indoor WirelessSystems. Ian D.O'Donnell,MikeS.W.Chen,StanleyB.T.Wang,RobertW.Brodersen.IEEE CAS Workshop on Wireless Communications and Networking. 2002 * |
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