CN100583186C - Method for collecting boer resonance instrument movement state data based on hall element - Google Patents

Abstract

As an object to be tested, a magnetic steel-block (MS) is put on the Boolean resonance instrument. The magnetic field (MF) produced by the vibrating MS becomes a variable one against the closely fixed Hall cell (HC). The voltage induced by HC in the variable MF reflects the moving state of MS. Finally, the induced voltage is amplified, analyzed and processed. This method uses a HC and the existing lab equipment to non-contacted collect the amplitude info of a regularly or irregularly moving object around an axis to analyzes its moving state. This is a university teaching experiment method. It is easy to operate and easy to realize. The cost of equipment and material is low. It is convenient to collect and analyze data under the state of chaos movement, including torsional pendulum and other special movement. This benefits to teaching and research on chaos theory and experiment and raises learning interest and induces creative thinking.

Description

Gather the method for bohr resonance instrument motion state data based on Hall element

Technical field

The present invention relates to the using method of a kind of institution of higher education physics teaching experiment instrument, exactly, relate to and a kind ofly gather the method for bohr resonance instrument motion state data, belong to the model that university physics, measuring technology or electronics science teaching or technique drill use or the technical field of experimental provision based on Hall element.

Background technology

Referring to Fig. 1, bohr resonance instrument is that present Chinese colleges and universities use a kind of new teaching experimental apparatus of relatively popularizing, and 1 is photogate among the figure, the 2nd, be used to represent the dark groove of escapement external diameter initiating terminal, the 3rd, be used to calculate the shallow grooves of timed annular balance rotating angle, the 4th, copper escapement, the 5th, rocking bar, the 6th, volute spring, the 7th, bracing frame, the 8th, damping coil, the 9th, connecting rod, the 10th, rocking bar screw, the 11st, photogate, the 12nd, angle scale, the 13rd, organic glass rotating disk, the 14th, base, the 15th, spring clamp screws, the 16th, flashlamp.This instrument can be used for observing multiple Physical Experiment phenomenons such as the simple harmonic oscillation of rocking, damped vibration, forced vibration, the ratio of damping when this instrument can also be to the amplitude of simple harmonic oscillation, damped vibration simultaneously, and the phase change during forced vibration is measured.Above-mentioned measurement all is based on photogate the rotational angle of escapement is carried out the measurement of digital data, and the acquisition interval of this data is bigger.This instrument also can be used for studying the chaos phenomenon of escapement, owing to need logarithm value to carry out differential calculation in the data handling procedure of chaos phenomenon, therefore, must use continuous method (being the mode of collection point than comparatively dense) to carry out data acquisition.If still adopt the photogate of original equipment just to have two problems: the one, data acquisition be spaced apart 2 °, do not reach the interval dense degree of requirement; The 2nd, the appearance of chaos phenomenon is in the edge of escapement additional weight, thereby the stress that changes system realizes.In this case, originally the through hole space of the flute profile groove at escapement edge is blocked, and photogate can't realize data acquisition.

At present, domestic Scientific Research in University Laboratory typically uses the instrument of German Lai Bao company and carries out the education experiment of observing and measuring the chaos phenomenon of escapement, and the precious instrument of German Lay is to utilize displacement transducer to realize the data acquisition of chaotic motion.Concrete grammar is along the additional wire casing of the circumference of escapement, line is placed in this wire casing, and be connected with displacement transducer, when escapement is swung, the cotton rope that is placed in the wire casing can be synchronized with the movement with escapement, has promptly been reflected the mobile message of escapement by the displacement of the cotton rope that displacement transducer write down.But, the method of this image data is because sensor-based system and mechanical system have friction each other, can the stress of mechanical system be exerted an influence, in some cases even can cause changing the mechanics phenomenon, therefore the design of this instrument and manufacturing all have specific (special) requirements, such as to the material of escapement, all need carry out particular design, thereby cause the fetch long price (about 40,000 yuan of Renminbi) of this instrument to rotating speed of motor etc.At present, in mostly company of the section production in century by Tongji University and Chengdu of bohr resonance instrument that domestic each colleges and universities of China use, price is about 6000 yuan.Because this instrument can not reach above-mentioned designing requirement, so the latter can't be used for the every experimental teaching to observation, research and the data acquisition of escapement chaos phenomenon.

As everyone knows, physicist's Hall has been found a kind of magnetoelectric effect phenomenon during stressed character at the research current in magnetic field: any conductor dbus is during with electric current, if on perpendicular to direction of current, have magnetic field, the then inner meeting of this conductor generation and electric current and all vertical electric field of magnetic direction, this phenomenon is called Hall effect.Because the Hall effect that conductor produces can not show a candle to semiconductor material, therefore, makes Hall plate (being Hall element) with semiconductor material usually.

Referring to Fig. 2, Hall element is a square N-type semiconductor N thin slice, suppose with a length to be that a, width are that b, thickness are that the Hall plate of d is put into the magnetic field perpendicular with this Hall plate, if on this wafer, pass to steady current I along direction perpendicular to magnetic field intensity B _S, at this moment magnetic field has just produced Lorentz force f to the charge carrier (electronics or hole) of directional migration in this wafer _BIf the electric charge of charge carrier is q (positive charge), drift velocity, promptly directional movement speed is υ, then the size of Lorentz force and direction depend on formula: ${\stackrel{\→}{f}}_B=q\stackrel{\→}{\mathrm{\υ}}\×\stackrel{\→}{B}.$ Under the effect of Lorentz force, the direction of motion of charge carrier deflects, and makes accumulation on corresponding two side C of wafer and H, electric potential difference U will occur between these two sides _H, i.e. Hall voltage U _HThis phenomenon that Hall was found in 1879 is called as Hall effect.

In Hall effect, charge carrier can ad infinitum not go in the gathering of foil side, because the electric charge of two side gatherings forms transverse electric field in thin slice.If this electric field intensity is

Direction is pointed to H by C, and this electric field to the size of charge carrier acting force is: f _B=qE.As can be seen from Figure 2, electric field force f _EDirection and Lorentz force f _BDirection opposite.In the incipient stage, the electric charge that assemble two sides is few, transverse electric field intensity a little less than, electric field force is less than Lorentz force, electric charge will continue to assemble to two sides, electric field intensity will continue to strengthen, the also just continuous increase of electric field force.At last, electric field force that charge carrier is suffered and Lorentz force are equal, i.e. f _E=f _BAt this moment, the electric charge of side will no longer increase, and reach equilibrium state, form a stable electric field in wafer.Transverse electric field intensity in the semiconductor chip is at this moment: $E=\frac{f_E}{q}=\frac{f_B}{q}=\mathrm{\υB};$ And the Hall voltage U of two sides _HAlso reach stationary value a: U _H=Eb=υ Bb.Suppose that n is the carrier concentration in the semiconductor chip, then $I_S=\frac{\mathrm{dQ}}{\mathrm{dt}}=\mathrm{nq\υbd},$ Derivation obtains: $\mathrm{\υ}=\frac{I_S}{\mathrm{nqbd}}.$ With this analytic expression substitution Hall voltage U _HComputing formula, obtain: $U_H=\frac{1}{\mathrm{nqd}}{I}_{S}B=K_H{I}_{S}B=R_H\frac{I_{S}B}{d};$ In the formula, $R_H=\frac{1}{\mathrm{nq}}=\frac{U_{H}d}{I_{S}B},$ R _HBe Hall coefficient, unit is a millivolt millimeter/milliampere kilogauss (mVmm/mAkGS); $K_H=\frac{1}{\mathrm{nqd}}=\frac{U_H}{I_{S}B},$ K _HBe the sensitivity of Hall element, its unit is millivolt/milliampere kilogauss (mV/mAkGS).By this computing formula as can be known: if pass to the working current I of setting to Hall plate _S, and known Hall coefficient, then can obtain a Hall voltage U who changes with magnetic field intensity B _H

Therefore, since the 1950's, along with the develop rapidly of semiconductor science and technology and production technology, the material that many kinds have obvious Hall effect successively is developed out, and the application of Hall effect also develops rapidly thereupon.Utilize Hall switch that Hall effect and ic component make can be easily the magnetic input signal to be converted to electric signal in the practical application now, satisfy simultaneously the simple and easy and high every requirement of reliability of operation in the practical application of suitability for industrialized production again, so Hall effect has obtained widespread use in many fields such as measuring technique, automatic technology, computing machine and infotecies now.In measuring technique, it is to measure magnetic field that the typical case of Hall effect uses.In the laboratory of China colleges and universities, also often utilize Hall plate that magnetic field is measured, make the university student deepen understanding by experiment the Hall effect ultimate principle.

It with the chaology scientific revolution for the third time since the nonlinear science of one of core is described as continue this century relativity and quantum mechanics.Since the 1980s, the applied research tide of chaos has appearred in person in electronics, wherein, with the Cai Shi dual circuit be representative chaos circuit and systematic research, chaos synchronously and the application of control theory in communicating by letter, the focus that the problems such as application, chaotic Signals Processing, fractal data compression and chaotic neural network of chaos in spread spectrum communication all become various countries' scholar's research.

Because chaotic signal has non-periodic, continuously broadband, noise like and long-term characteristics such as unpredictable, so be specially adapted to fields such as secret communication, spread spectrum communication.Since nineteen ninety, chaotic communication and chaos encryption technology have become a heat subject of international electronic communication field.In recent years, because chaos-based secure communication is popular scientific research task always, therefore, observes and understand the problem that the various experimental apparatuss of chaos phenomenon and experimental technique become the teaching research that domestic colleges and universities relevant speciality pays much attention to naturally.Therefore, how to utilize the existing experimental facilities of the physical principle and the Scientific Research in University Laboratory of Hall effect, develop a kind of image data to observe the experimental technique of chaos and other physical phenomenon, be used to deepen the university student just becomes many in the industry science and technology and faculty's concern to the understanding of chaos phenomenon and even chaos-based secure communication new problem.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method of using Hall element and bohr resonance instrument image data, this method is to utilize the existing testing tool of Hall element and laboratory (bohr resonance instrument) that a twisted rotary shaft is done the object collection of rule or irregular movement and measure the college teaching experimental technique of its exercise data, the present invention is easy and simple to handle, realize easily, equipment needed thereby and device cost are cheap, data acquisition and analysis under the chaotic motion that rocks and other peculair motion state be can realize comprising easily, the teaching and the research of chaology and experiment helped.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of method based on Hall element collection bohr resonance instrument motion state data, is a kind of method of utilizing the contactless image data of Hall effect realization; It is characterized in that: this method is that object under test is placed on the bohr resonance instrument with the magnet steel, the magnetic field that magnet steel produced that is positioned on the bohr resonance instrument of motion state forms the magnetic field of a variation with respect to the hall element sensor that closes on this magnet steel fixed placement, and the voltage of being responded in the magnetic field of this variation by hall element sensor reflects the motion state of object under test again; At last this induced voltage is amplified and analyzing and processing; This method comprises the steps:

(1) prepares hall element sensor, bohr resonance instrument, small cylindrical magnet steel, differential amplifier and signals collecting and analytical instrument, wherein, hall element sensor comprises a Hall plate of an end that is fixedly welded on a printed circuit board (PCB), and is positioned at input current that is respectively applied for the introducing Hall plate on this printed circuit board (PCB) and four leads that the Hall voltage that the Hall plate induction produces is derived; Small cylindrical magnet steel as the amplitude information sign thing of the escapement of bohr resonance instrument is installed in the rotating shaft of escapement, during this escapement swing, form a magnetic field that changes with this escapement motion state variation at this magnet steel surrounding space, and the motion state that will satisfy bohr resonance instrument does not produce the condition of any influence; Differential amplifier is used to amplify the Hall voltage of described derivation, and its output terminal directly connects two Hall voltage output lines of Hall element, and its output terminal is connected to the input end of signals collecting and analytical instrument;

(2) with this printed circuit board (PCB) of support clamping, and adjustment clip position, so that the Hall plate of this printed circuit board (PCB) end is as far as possible near the small cylindrical magnetic links that is installed in bohr resonance instrument rotating shaft center, but leave necessary clearance distance, so that the escapement of bohr resonance instrument is in the process of swing, just do not rub magnet steel, promptly can not influence the motion of this magnet steel; Re-use hall element sensor and gather the data of the escapement motion state of this bohr resonance instrument, and the data-signal that hall element sensor detects amplified with differential amplifier, output signal with amplifier inputs to signals collecting and analytical instrument again, carries out analyzing and processing.

Described step (1) further comprises following content of operation:

(11) the rectangle Hall plate of a semiconductor material of preparation is made the Hall plate in the described hall element sensor, this Hall plate is welded in admittedly an end of described printed circuit board (PCB), this printed circuit board (PCB) is provided with the described input current of Hall plate and four leads that the Hall voltage that the Hall plate induction produces is derived introduced respectively, wherein a pair of wiring point of corresponding two sides of this Hall plate is as the input end of input current, and is its power supply with stabilized voltage supply or battery; The a pair of wiring point of two other corresponding side is the output terminal of Hall voltage;

(12) prepare the small cylindrical magnet steel that a weight is no more than 10 grams, be used as object under test: the sign thing of the amplitude information of the escapement of bohr resonance instrument, and this small cylindrical magnet steel is installed in the rotating shaft of escapement, exert an influence with the stress of avoiding as much as possible or reduce to bohr resonance instrument;

(13) prepare differential amplifier and a signals collecting and an analytical instrument that comprises direct-coupled two-stage calculation amplifier, the first order operational amplifier of this differential amplifier is used for directly amplifying the Hall voltage of described derivation, its enlargement factor should be not less than 2000 times, and second level operational amplifier is used for eliminating the DC bias component that test process produces; This signals collecting and analytical instrument are used for the image data signal and carry out analyzing and processing, at last the output terminal of differential amplifier are connected to the input end of signals collecting and analytical instrument.

Described step (2) further comprises following content of operation:

(21) utilize this printed circuit board (PCB) of three-dimensional regulation fixed support fixed clamp;

(22) escapement of this bohr resonance instrument is rotated or reciprocally swinging or chaotic motion, so that this small cylindrical magnet steel forms a magnetic field that changes to change with this escapement motion state around it;

(23) utilize signals collecting and analytical instrument directly the data-signal of being gathered to be presented on the display screen.

The stabilized voltage supply in the described step (11) or the supply voltage of battery are 1.5～3 volts, and working current is 1～3mA.

Signals collecting in the described step (13) and analytical instrument are data acquisition and the graphical programming languages that shows that the NI of American National instrument company exploitation is installed, it is the combination of computing machine and the data collecting card that the NI of American National instrument company produces of laboratory virtual instrument engineering LabVIEW (Laboratory Virtual instrument Engineering), so that the user can directly utilize self function or self-compiling program of LabVIEW programming language, once finish the collection of induced voltage data, store and analyzing and processing, and analysis result is shown on the computer screen.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows and utilize relative simple physics principle, realized the noncontact acquisition function of compound movement status data easily, compare with the existing various data acquisition modes of knowing at present, the principle of work of the inventive method is clear understandable, apparatus structure is simple (need not to carry out any transformation to the present widely used bohr resonance instrument of domestic colleges and universities, just can realize the expansion on the function), and it is cheap, simple to operate, realize easily, be convenient in colleges and universities, promote the use of.Simultaneously, by in the experimental teaching of the present invention to use, demonstration and the popularization of basic physics theory such as Hall effect, chaos phenomenon, can excite and improve undergraduate dense learning interest, better inspire undergraduate innovative thinking.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is that the structure of bohr resonance instrument is formed synoptic diagram.

Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of the principle of work-Hall effect of Hall element.

Fig. 3 is the method operation steps block scheme of the present invention with Hall element and bohr resonance instrument image data.

Fig. 4 is the Hall plate sensor synoptic diagram that is placed on printed circuit board (PCB) one end among the present invention.

Fig. 5 is the differential amplifier circuit schematic diagram in the embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 6 is the Hall plate in the inventive method and the placement location synoptic diagram (vertical view) of little magnet steel.

Fig. 7 (A), (B) are respectively two relative position synoptic diagram of escapement of the present invention magnet steel and Hall plate in swing process.

Fig. 8 (A), (B) are respectively the phase diagrams that the data time sequence figure and horizontal ordinate data are wherein carried out of first motion state of the bohr resonance instrument that collects of the embodiment of the invention obtains after differential is handled.

Fig. 9 (A), (B) are respectively the phase diagrams that the data time sequence figure and horizontal ordinate data are wherein carried out of second motion state of the bohr resonance instrument that collects of the embodiment of the invention obtains after differential is handled.

Figure 10 (A), (B) are respectively the phase diagrams that the data time sequence figure and horizontal ordinate data are wherein carried out of the 3rd motion state of the bohr resonance instrument that collects of the embodiment of the invention obtains after differential is handled.

Embodiment

For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

The present invention is a kind of method of gathering bohr resonance instrument motion state data based on Hall element, this method is to utilize the method for a kind of contactless image data of Hall effect realization: is that object under test is placed on the bohr resonance instrument with the magnet steel, be positioned at the magnetic field that magnet steel produced on the bohr resonance instrument of motion state with respect to the magnetic field that forms a variation near the hall element sensor of this magnet steel fixed placement, the voltage of being responded in the magnetic field of this variation by hall element sensor reflects the motion state of object under test again; At last this induced voltage is amplified and analyzing and processing.Introduce two concrete operations steps of the present invention (referring to Fig. 3) below:

(1) prepares hall element sensor, bohr resonance instrument, small cylindrical magnet steel, differential amplifier and signals collecting and analytical instrument, and small cylindrical magnetic links bonding is installed in the rotating shaft of bohr resonance instrument, utilize bohr resonance instrument to form a magnetic field that changes with this magnet steel motion state variation, and the motion state that will satisfy bohr resonance instrument does not produce the condition of any influence at the magnetic links surrounding space;

(2) use hall element sensor to gather the data of the escapement motion state of this bohr resonance instrument, and the electric signal that this hall element sensor is detected amplifies with differential amplifier, again amplifier output signal is inputed to signals collecting and analytical instrument, carry out analyzing and processing.

Wherein step (1) further comprises following content of operation:

(11) prepare earlier the key device (referring to Fig. 4) of the inventive method: the rectangle Hall plate of making as the semiconductor material of sensor 17, and this Hall plate 17 is fixedly welded on an end of a strip printed circuit board (PCB) 18, this printed circuit board (PCB) 18 is provided with and is respectively applied for the input current of introducing Hall plate 17 and four leads 19 that the Hall voltage that Hall plate 17 inductions produce is derived, wherein a pair of wiring point of corresponding two sides of this Hall plate (for example is positioned at the 2nd of printed circuit board (PCB) 18 centres as the input end of input current, article 3, lead), and with stabilized voltage supply or battery (supply voltage of this stabilized voltage supply or battery is 1.5～3 volts, and working current is 1～3mA) for its power supply; The a pair of wiring point of two other corresponding side is then as the output terminal of Hall voltage (for example be positioned at printed circuit board (PCB) 18 topmost and nethermost the 1st, 4 leads); This printed circuit board (PCB) 18 except have will input the Hall current function introducing and the Hall voltage of output is derived, can utilize easily on the three-dimensional fixation support simultaneously distance is fixed and adjusted to this printed circuit board (PCB) 18.

(12) prepare the small cylindrical magnet steel 20 that a weight is no more than 10 grams, sign thing as the amplitude information of the escapement 4 of object under test-bohr resonance instrument, and this small cylindrical magnet steel 20 is adhesively fixed in the rotating shaft of escapement 4 (referring to Fig. 6), because small cylindrical magnet steel 20 has only several grammes per square metres, be positioned at again in the rotating shaft of escapement 4, can not exert an influence the resonate stress of instrument of bohr.But when escapement 4 swings, the magnetic field that this magnet steel 20 produces is exactly the magnetic field of a variation with respect to the fixed Hall element 17 near it, can clearly reflect the motion change state of magnet steel 20 by the voltage of Hall element 17 inductions.

(13) prepare a differential amplifier circuit and signals collecting and analytical instrument,, therefore must utilize powerful differential amplifier circuit that this Hall voltage is carried out processing and amplifying because the voltage of Hall plate induction output is very little.This differential amplifier circuit is made up of direct-coupled two-stage calculation amplifier, and first order amplifier is used for directly amplifying the Hall voltage of deriving, and its enlargement factor should be not less than 2000 times, and second level amplifier is used for eliminating the DC bias component that the image data process produces.

Referring to Fig. 5, the first order amplifier enlargement factor of this embodiment is 2500 times, and therefore, its output voltage is: U ₀=2500 * U ₁-U ₂, in the formula, U ₁Be the Hall voltage of input, U ₂Be the DC component of input, utilize this differential amplifier circuit can eliminate the DC bias component that in the image data process, produces, and small voltage signal is amplified.

At last the output terminal of differential amplifier circuit is connected to the input end of signals collecting and analytical instrument, uses this signals collecting and analytical instrument to come the electric signal of being gathered is showed and analyzing and processing.Signals collecting of the present invention and analytical instrument are data acquisition and the computing machine of the graphical programming language-laboratory virtual instrument engineering LabVIEW (Laboratory Virtual instrumentEngineering) that shows and the data collecting card (DAQ that the NI of American National instrument company produces that the NI of American National instrument company exploitation is installed, DataAcquisition) combination, this patterned programming language LabVIEW is by industrial community, the academia of colleges and universities and scientific research institutions and various laboratory are accepted extensively and are considered as the data acquisition and the instrument Control Software of a standard.The user can be provided with the interface of data acquisition voluntarily according to self function of oneself requirement and this programming language, also can directly utilize LabVIEW programming language self-compiling program, once finish collection, storage and the analyzing and processing of induced voltage data, and analysis result is shown on the computer screen.

Operation steps of the present invention (2) further comprises following content of operation:

(21) utilize this strip printed circuit board (PCB) 18 of three-dimensional regulation fixed support fixed clamp, and its clip position adjusted, so that the close as far as possible small cylindrical magnet steel 20 that is installed in the rotating shaft center of bohr resonance instrument escapement 4 of the Hall plate 17 of these printed circuit board (PCB) 18 ends, but leave necessary gap, so that the escapement 4 of bohr resonance instrument is in the process of swing, just do not rub magnet steel 20, promptly can not influence the motion of this magnet steel 20.

Placement location vertical view referring to Hall plate shown in Figure 6 17 and magnet steel 20.Escapement 4 among the figure rotates around the axis or swings, roundlet column type magnet steel 20 is bonded in the rotating shaft of escapement 4, its two magnetic pole N, S distinguish up and below (referring to Fig. 7 (A)), be fixed on Hall plate 17 on the printed circuit board (PCB) 18 and be fixed on the side of magnet steel 20 by three-dimensional rack, and leaving suitable gap, this distance is just not rub mutually in the swing process of escapement 4 to best; Promptly should be close to each other as far as possible, but can not influence the motion state (referring to Fig. 7 (B)) of escapement.

Fig. 7 has showed escapement 4 relative position synoptic diagram between magnet steel 20 and the Hall plate 17 in static and swing process from the side, and wherein the N of (A) figure and S represent the magnetic pole of magnet steel 20 respectively: north and south poles.Because the two poles of the earth part that magnetic force is the strongest in other words of magnet steel 20 is in the pedal line direction, therefore when escapement 4 is static, promptly under the situation of Hall element 17 of scheming the equilibrium state shown in (A) and magnet steel 20, Hall plate 17 is in the position of this magnetic field intensity minimum, and the induced voltage of output is a minimum value.Scheming (B) then is to be under a certain random state at amplitude, the situation between Hall element 17 and the magnet steel 20.Because the variation of position makes Hall element 17 close mutually with a magnetic pole of magnet steel 20, because the magnetic field intensity increase, so the induced voltage of Hall element 17 outputs increases.Therefore as long as detect this induced voltage along with the situation of change of time, just can collect the motion state data of escapement 20.

(22) utilize the drive motor of bohr resonance instrument and connecting rod that the escapement of this bohr resonance instrument is rotated or reciprocally swinging or chaotic motion, so that this small cylindrical magnet steel 20 forms a magnetic field that changes to change with this escapement motion state around it.

(23) utilize signals collecting and analytical instrument directly the data-signal of being gathered to be presented on the display screen.

The inventive method has carried out repeatedly implementing test, and the operations according to the instant invention step has been carried out collection and analyzing and processing to bohr resonance instrument escapement in the data of the various motion states that comprise chaotic motion.The presentation of results of embodiment, the inventive method are feasible, can realize its goal of the invention.

Below in conjunction with Brief Description Of Drawings embodiments of the invention situation:

Referring to Fig. 8, Fig. 8 (A) is when bohr resonance instrument motor speed frequency is higher, the sequential chart of the experimental data that escapement 4 collects when the monocyclic-start of the astable equilibrium point of a side, and wherein horizontal ordinate is the time, ordinate is an amplitude.Fig. 8 (B) is to after wherein horizontal ordinate amplitude x carries out the differential processing of data, the phase diagram that obtains (ordinate is the movement velocity of escapement).The method that this is commonly used when also being the research chaos phenomenon.

Referring to Fig. 9, Fig. 9 (A) is when bohr resonance instrument motor speed frequency drops to certain frequency, the sequential chart of the experimental data that the motion state of escapement 4 has collected when the motion of obvious periodic bifurcated having occurred, and wherein horizontal ordinate is the time, ordinate is an amplitude.Fig. 9 (B) is to after wherein horizontal ordinate amplitude x carries out the differential processing of data, the phase diagram that obtains (ordinate is the movement velocity of escapement).

Referring to Figure 10, Figure 10 (A) is for being motor speed frequency when continuing to drop to certain state, the experiment sequential chart of the data that escapement has collected when the movement locus of tangible chaos having occurred, and wherein horizontal ordinate is the time, ordinate is an amplitude.Figure 10 (B) is to after wherein horizontal ordinate amplitude x carries out the differential processing of data, the phase diagram that obtains, and this moment, ordinate was the movement velocity of escapement.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of method based on Hall element collection bohr resonance instrument motion state data is a kind of method of utilizing the contactless image data of Hall effect realization; It is characterized in that: this method is that object under test is placed on the bohr resonance instrument with the magnet steel, the magnetic field that magnet steel produced that is positioned on the bohr resonance instrument of motion state forms the magnetic field of a variation with respect to the hall element sensor that closes on this magnet steel fixed placement, and the voltage of being responded in the magnetic field of this variation by hall element sensor reflects the motion state of object under test again; At last this induced voltage is amplified and analyzing and processing; This method comprises the steps:

(1) prepares hall element sensor, bohr resonance instrument, small cylindrical magnet steel, differential amplifier and signals collecting and analytical instrument, wherein, hall element sensor comprises a Hall plate of an end that is fixedly welded on a printed circuit board (PCB), and is positioned at input current that is respectively applied for the introducing Hall plate on this printed circuit board (PCB) and four leads that the Hall voltage that the Hall plate induction produces is derived; Small cylindrical magnet steel as the amplitude information sign thing of the escapement of bohr resonance instrument is installed in the rotating shaft of escapement, during this escapement swing, form a magnetic field that changes with this escapement motion state variation at this magnet steel surrounding space, and the motion state that will satisfy bohr resonance instrument does not produce the condition of any influence; Differential amplifier is used to amplify the Hall voltage of described derivation, and its output terminal directly connects two Hall voltage output lines of Hall element, and its output terminal is connected to the input end of signals collecting and analytical instrument;

(2) with this printed circuit board (PCB) of support clamping, and adjustment clip position, so that the Hall plate of this printed circuit board (PCB) end is as far as possible near the small cylindrical magnetic links that is installed in bohr resonance instrument rotating shaft center, but leave necessary clearance distance, so that the escapement of bohr resonance instrument is in the process of swing, just do not rub magnet steel, promptly can not influence the motion of this magnet steel; Re-use hall element sensor and gather the data of the escapement motion state of this bohr resonance instrument, and the data-signal that hall element sensor detects amplified with differential amplifier, output signal with amplifier inputs to signals collecting and analytical instrument again, carries out analyzing and processing.

2, the method for collection bohr resonance instrument motion state data according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step (1) further comprises following content of operation:

(11) the rectangle Hall plate of a semiconductor material of preparation is made the Hall plate in the described hall element sensor, this Hall plate is welded in admittedly an end of described printed circuit board (PCB), this printed circuit board (PCB) is provided with the described input current of Hall plate and four leads that the Hall voltage that the Hall plate induction produces is derived introduced respectively, wherein a pair of wiring point of corresponding two sides of this Hall plate is as the input end of input current, and is its power supply with stabilized voltage supply or battery; The a pair of wiring point of two other corresponding side is the output terminal of Hall voltage;

(12) prepare the small cylindrical magnet steel that a weight is no more than 10 grams, be used as object under test: the sign thing of the amplitude information of the escapement of bohr resonance instrument, and this small cylindrical magnet steel is installed in the rotating shaft of escapement, exert an influence with the stress of avoiding as much as possible or reduce to bohr resonance instrument;

(13) prepare differential amplifier and a signals collecting and an analytical instrument that comprises direct-coupled two-stage calculation amplifier, the first order operational amplifier of this differential amplifier is used for directly amplifying the Hall voltage of described derivation, its enlargement factor should be not less than 2000 times, and second level operational amplifier is used for eliminating the DC bias component that test process produces; This signals collecting and analytical instrument are used for the image data signal and carry out analyzing and processing, at last the output terminal of differential amplifier are connected to the input end of signals collecting and analytical instrument.

3, the method for collection bohr resonance instrument motion state data according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step (2) further comprises following content of operation:

(21) utilize this printed circuit board (PCB) of three-dimensional regulation fixed support fixed clamp;

(22) escapement of this bohr resonance instrument is rotated or reciprocally swinging or chaotic motion, so that this small cylindrical magnet steel forms a magnetic field that changes to change with this escapement motion state around it;

(23) utilize signals collecting and analytical instrument directly the data-signal of being gathered to be presented on the display screen.

4, the method for collection bohr resonance instrument motion state data according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the stabilized voltage supply in the described step (11) or the supply voltage of battery are 1.5～3 volts, and working current is 1～3mA.

5, the method of collection bohr resonance instrument motion state data according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: signals collecting in the described step (13) and analytical instrument are data acquisition and the graphical programming languages that shows that the NI of American National instrument company exploitation is installed, it is the combination of computing machine and the data collecting card that the NI of American National instrument company produces of laboratory virtual instrument engineering LabVIEW, so that the user can directly utilize self function or self-compiling program of LabVIEW programming language, once finish the collection of induced voltage data, store and analyzing and processing, and analysis result is shown on the computer screen.

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