CN100582975C - Method for planning five-axis numerical control to process safety shortest cutting tool length - Google Patents
Method for planning five-axis numerical control to process safety shortest cutting tool length Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN100582975C CN100582975C CN200810039198A CN200810039198A CN100582975C CN 100582975 C CN100582975 C CN 100582975C CN 200810039198 A CN200810039198 A CN 200810039198A CN 200810039198 A CN200810039198 A CN 200810039198A CN 100582975 C CN100582975 C CN 100582975C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cutter
- disk
- contact point
- feasible
- knife
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Abstract
The invention relates to a planning method for processing the length of a safe and shortest knife by adopting five-axle numerical control, analyzing component manufacturability and programming a smooth cutter path. Firstly, a maximum value of the cutter length is set within the range allowed in the technology; disc of the cylindrical surface for the knife rotation at the positions of knifepoint and a barrier are gridded, and through the depth testing of video card and the function of blocking and querying, the reachable information and safe shortest length of the knife in a reference direction can be obtained, and the reachable direction cone of the knife is programmed; then according to the restriction to direction continuity and processing environment, the feasible direction cone is calculated and the manufacturability is judged. If the programmed knife is manufacturable, the length of safe and shortest knife of a knifepoint sequence is programmed in the feasible direction cone in a dynamic planning method, and then a smooth knife path is programmed. The method of the invention has high efficiency, simply realized programming, can be applied to 3 plus 2 axle numerical control processing of complex components or knife choosing and path planning of five-axle linkage numerical control processing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of planing method of five-axis numerical control to process safety shortest cutting tool length, be applicable to the five-shaft numerical control processing of complex parts, belong to computer-aided manufacturing (Computer Aided Manufacturing, CAM) technical field.
Background technology
What numerically-controlled machine was a large amount of is applied in the manufacturing industry, compares with the processing of traditional three-axis numerical control, and five-shaft numerical control processing can significantly improve working (machining) efficiency, strengthens the cutter accessibility and shorten tool length, for the processing of complex parts provides effective means.Because the variation of cutter-orientation can be shortened tool length under the prerequisite of avoiding interfering, but the variation of cutter-orientation has also increased the difficulty that cutter parameters is selected and cutter path is planned greatly, and present tool length planning mainly relies on method of trial and error.When the processed complex part, for avoiding interfering common needs to select bigger tool length value.The increase of tool length tends to aggravate the distortion and the vibration of cutter in the process, thereby reduce machining precision, accelerate tool wear, improve processing cost, even influence serviceable life of lathe, therefore in commercial Application, have very important significance at the short sword tool length planing method of the safety of five-shaft numerical control processing.
Simulation software Vericut provides the computing function of short sword tool, can only calculate the shortest tool length to existing cutter path, but the safe length of cutter is often by the direction decision of cutter.At present general CAM software can not provide the parameter of safe tool length before the planning cutter path, normally rule of thumb set a tool length by the programming personnel, after selecting technological parameter and Processing Strategies, utilize the CAM software plan to go out the contact point and the cutter axis orientation of cutter, carry out interference checking by the numerical control simulation software, take place if having to interfere, must plan tool length and cutter shaft control strategy again, generally will not have the cutter path of interference through repeatedly obtaining repeatedly.The cutter path that such iterative process is cooked up can't guarantee the shortest tool length, and modification repeatedly simultaneously also expends a large amount of time and cost.
Any interference can cause all that part is scrapped, cutter fractures or even the damage of lathe in digital control processing, and to avoid be at first will consider in tool length and the cutter path planning so interfere.Traditional interference checking method mostly needs to expend a large amount of computing times, sometimes even exceed the computing power of computing machine, especially during the processed complex part, the geometric model of part is described by a large amount of free form surfaces, calculation of complex is so existing C AM software is difficult to the shortest tool length of planning safety when the planning cutter path.
Find through literature search prior art, a kind of method (Su-Jin Kim.Short and safe tool setting by safe space in NC machining.International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. (2007) 33:1017-1023) of utilizing the safely short sword tool length of safe space planning is arranged, utilize virtual emulation to obtain the trouble free service space of cutter, in the safe space, select the shortest tool length, but this method also only is to plan at existing cutter path, and only be used for three-axis numerical control processing, be difficult to be generalized in the five-shaft numerical control processing.
Publication number is the planing method that the Chinese invention patent of CN101109944A has been introduced a kind of five-shaft numerical control processing smooth and non-interference tool route.This method is at first set up the geometric model of cutter, workpiece and barrier, rasterizing barrier model on computer display card, utilize the depth buffer principle of work of video card, on discrete reference direction, judge the accessibility of cutter, acquisition can reach the direction awl, in can reaching the direction awl, calculate feasible direction cone according to direction continuity constraint and processing environment constraint, in feasible direction cone, change the cutter path of minimum principle planning smooth and non-interference, output cutter path file according to direction in the cutter path.This patent provides a kind of method of planning cutter path, but does not consider the influence of tool length.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of planing method of five-axis numerical control to process safety shortest cutting tool length is provided, cook up automatically simultaneously and do not have the cutter path of interference.This method is simple, counting yield is high, is applicable to the geometric model that polygonal mesh, free form surface etc. can be played up arbitrarily.
For realizing this purpose, the present invention at first sets up the geometric model of cutter, workpiece and barrier, and tool length is initially set the higher value in the technology allowed band; Determine the position of cutter location, the disc face of rasterizing barrier and cutter location place cutter revolution cylinder on the opposite direction of discrete reference direction according to cutter-contact point sequence and the shape of tool; Depth test by video card and block query function obtains the complete visual information of disk and the handle of a knife place tool disk bee-line to barrier; Judge the accessibility of cutter on discrete direction according to visual information, according to handle of a knife place disk to the short sword tool length of the definite safety that can reach direction of the bee-line of barrier; In can reaching the direction awl, calculate feasible direction cone according to direction continuity constraint and processing environment constraint; Judge the manufacturability of part according to feasible direction cone, if can make, short sword tool length of the safety of comprehensive tool orientation variable quantity, cutter location sequence and technological requirement are with the shortest safe tool length of cutter of dynamic programming method planning cutter path; Plan the cutter path of direction fairing then; Short sword tool length of last output safety and cutter path.
Method of the present invention specifically comprises the steps:
1) with the turning circle cylinder of cutter geometric model, sets initial tool length, set up the geometric model of workpiece and barrier simultaneously as cutter; Described tool length refers to the overhang amount of handle of a knife to cutter location, and initial tool length is maximal value in the technology allowed band; The object that described barrier comprises the anchor clamps of workpiece and may interfere with cutter around the workpiece, the geometric model of described workpiece and barrier are a kind of how much expression forms that can rasterizing.
2) with equal error method, method of section or etc. parametric method calculate the contact point of cutter and workpiece, obtain the cutter-contact point sequence, determine to be used for identifying one group of cutter location of tool position by cutter-contact point sequence, the shape of tool.
3), determine the discrete reference direction of tool axis with the Gaussian sphere discretize; Direction of visual lines is the opposite direction of discrete reference direction, with the barrier model rasterizing column criterion depth test of going forward side by side; With the discrete reference direction of the axial sensing of cutter, the disk of rasterizing cutter turning circle cylinder and carry out depth test successively, the attribute of depth test function be set to depth value more than or equal to the grid point of current depth value by test, and close the write-in functions of depth buffer; The query function that blocks with video card is judged visible grid number on the disk, if visible grid number is zero, disk is visual fully along direction of visual lines, otherwise disk is for not exclusively visual; Record cutter turning circle cylinder disk is in the complete visuality of direction of visual lines, and handle of a knife place disk is to the bee-line of barrier; Determine the accessibility of each cutter-contact point place cutter on discrete reference direction according to the complete visuality of cutter turning circle cylinder disk; According to the bee-line of handle of a knife place disk to barrier, the short sword tool length of the safety of cutter when determining in the direction; The set that the discrete reference direction that each cutter-contact point place cutter can be reached is formed on Gaussian sphere is planned to cutter can reach the direction awl.
4) can reach in the direction awl at cutter, calculate the cutter feasible direction cone according to direction continuity constraint and processing environment constraint; Described processing environment constraint comprises the impulse stroke constraint of lathe decision, unusual direction constrain and processing technology requirement; Described direction continuity constraint is that the direction selected belongs to that current cutter-contact point place cutter can reach the direction awl and adjacent two cutter-contact point place cutters can reach the common factor that direction is bored.
5) judge the manufacturability of workpiece according to the cutter feasible direction cone, promptly use the feasibility of current cutter along cutter-contact point sequence processing work, if the cutter feasible direction cone at certain cutter-contact point place is empty, be and make, then output can not manufacturing information, if the cutter feasible direction cone at all cutter-contact point places is non-NULL all, be and make.
6) in the cutter feasible direction cone, short sword tool length of the safety of comprehensive tool orientation variable quantity, cutter location sequence and technological requirement, obtain the short sword tool length of safety of cutter path with dynamic programming method planning, the tool orientation in the optimal strategy set that will planning obtains is defined as new feasible direction cone; In the described dynamic programming method, stage is the cutter location in the cutter location sequence, state variable comprises the feasible direction and the short sword tool length of the safety on the feasible direction of cutter location, allow fairness and the technological requirement decision of decision-making set by tool orientation, state transition equation is the maximal value of feasible tool length in the feasible decision-making, and target function is the minimum value of cutter safe length.
7),,, obtain the cutter path of fairing with the tool orientation at shortest path first optimization cutter-contact point place along cutter-contact point sequence structure digraph according to new feasible direction cone.
Among the present invention, described geometric model is the geometric model that computing machine can be played up, and comprises solid model, polygonal grid model, FREEFORM SURFACE MODEL, voxel model and point cloud model.
Described cutter location is the hemispherical centre of sphere of finger ends for rose cutter, is the center of circle of end disc for flat milling cutter, is the circle ring center of finger ends annulus for the annulus milling cutter.
The disk of described cutter turning circle cylinder is in the plane perpendicular to discrete reference direction, is the center of circle with the cutter location, is the disc face of radius with the radius of cutter surface of revolution cylinder.
Described Gaussian sphere discretize, comprise two kinds of methods: 1) earlier unit sphere is divided into positive tetrahedron, regular octahedron or regular dodecahedron, the corresponding spherical triangle of each face, the mid point that connects three limits of spherical triangle then, each spherical triangle is divided into four spherical triangles, and so recurrence is divided the triangle number that needs up to reaching.2) Gaussian sphere is mapped in the lathe rotating coordinate system coordinate plane of discretize lathe turning axle.
The complete visuality of described disk is meant the visuality at all grid point places behind the disk rasterizing, if all grid points of disk all are visual, then this disk is fully visual, otherwise is not fully visual.
Described handle of a knife place disk is by the bee-line of handle of a knife disk after the depth test to the barrier grid that is covered by handle of a knife place disk to the bee-line of barrier.
Described tool orientation variable quantity is meant along the tolerance of all adjacent tool orientation of cutter-contact point sequence, comprises the tolerance of adjacent tool orientation in tolerance on the Gaussian sphere and corresponding rotation axle motion in the lathe work space.
The present invention is when the described digraph of structure, each cutter-contact point place has feasible direction to be set to the summit of digraph, each cutter-contact point place feasible direction on the cutter path and next cutter-contact point place are optimized direction couple together limit as digraph, the length on limit is the tolerance that these two feasible directions change.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has considered the optimization of tool length for the first time in the planning of five-shaft numerical control process tool route, has avoided the necessary cutter path of planning earlier, and the drawback that tool length brings is optimized in the back.Method with rasterizing cutter surface of revolution disk is bored in reached at the direction of each cutter-contact point place planning cutter, and directly obtain safe tool length value, calculate feasible direction cone according to processing environment constraint and direction continuity constraint, plan short sword tool length and cutter path then, avoided the adjustment repeatedly in the planning of cutter path direction.All processes can be finished automatically, the counting yield height, and programming realizes simple, can be applied to the 3+2 Shaft and NC Machining Test processing of complex parts or the cutter parameters setting and the cutter path planning of 5-shaft linkage numerical control processing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the short sword tool length planing method of safety of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is corresponding to the cutter-contact point of different milling cutters and cutter location position view.
Among Fig. 2, (a) being rose cutter, (b) is flat milling cutter, (c) is the annulus milling cutter, the 1st, and tool axis, the 2nd, handle of a knife, the 3rd, cutter, the 4th, cutter location, the 5th, cutter-contact point.
Fig. 3 is the triangle gridding and the summit of discrete Gaussian sphere.
Among Fig. 3, the 6th, the summit on the Gaussian sphere, the 7th, the grid of discrete Gaussian sphere.
Fig. 4 is the disk of cutter location place cutter turning circle cylinder.
Among Fig. 4, the 4th, cutter location, the 5th, cutter-contact point, the 8th, cutter spacing disk, the 9th, tool length, the 10th, handle of a knife disk, the 11st, discrete reference direction, the 12nd, direction of visual lines, the 17th, workpiece.
Fig. 5 is a cutter spacing disk rasterizing synoptic diagram.
Among Fig. 5, the 8th, cutter spacing disk, the 11st, cutter reference direction, the 12nd, direction of visual lines, the 13rd, grid coordinate initial point, the 18th, grid point.
Fig. 6 is the complete visualization analysis synoptic diagram of cutter spacing disk.
Among Fig. 6, the 4th, cutter location, the 8th, the cutter spacing disk, the 10th, the handle of a knife disk, the 12nd, direction of visual lines, the 14th, with reference to disk, the 17th, workpiece, the 22nd, cutter location sequence.
Fig. 7 is the grid that the handle of a knife disk covers.
Among Fig. 7, the 10th, handle of a knife disk, the 25th, the grid of barrier rasterizing, the 26th, the grid that is covered by the handle of a knife disk.
Fig. 8 is that the cutter of a certain cutter-contact point correspondence can reach direction awl synoptic diagram.
Among Fig. 8, the 5th, cutter-contact point, the 20th, part model, the 21st, the cutter of cutter-contact point 5 correspondences can reach direction awl, the 22nd, cutter-contact point sequence.
Fig. 9 is the model that dynamic programming method is optimized tool length.
Figure 10 is a digraph model of optimizing the short sword tool length of cutter safety.
Figure 11 is the smooth and non-interference tool route and the cutter shortest length of planning;
Among Figure 11, the 20th, part model, the 24th, smooth and non-interference tool route.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples do not constitute limitation of the invention.
The flow process of the planing method of the five-axis numerical control to process safety shortest cutting tool length that the present invention proposes as shown in Figure 1, at first set up the geometric model of cutter, workpiece and barrier, the object that barrier comprises the anchor clamps of workpiece and may interfere with cutter around the workpiece; With etc. residual supreme people's court, method of section or etc. parametric method calculate the contact point of cutter and workpiece, obtain the cutter-contact point sequence, determine the position of cutter location according to cutter-contact point sequence and the shape of tool; Uniform discrete is planned Gaussian sphere the discrete reference direction of tool axis; According to all cutter-contact points of position probing of cutter location accessibility on discrete reference direction, and write down each cutter location on each discrete reference direction the short sword tool length of safety, forms reached at the direction at cutter-contact point place and bores by reaching direction; Can reach in the direction awl at cutter, determine feasible direction cone according to direction continuity constraint and processing environment constraint; Whether according to feasible direction cone is the manufacturability of empty decision cutter along the cutter-contact point sequence, if can not make, the information that output can not be made with current cutter is if can make, the cutter path of safely short sword tool length of planning and fairing, output cutter path file.
The implementation step of the inventive method is specific as follows:
1, with the turning circle cylinder of cutter geometric model as cutter.The model of cutter as shown in Figure 2, for rose cutter (a), flat milling cutter (b) and annulus milling cutter (c), except the shape of end has the difference, cutter is the ladder cylinder that radius increases progressively around the surface of revolution of tool axis 1, is respectively cutter cylinder 3 and handle of a knife cylinder 2.
Set initial tool length, set up the geometric model of workpiece and barrier simultaneously.Described tool length refers to the overhang amount of handle of a knife to cutter location, and initial tool length is maximal value Lmax in the technology allowed band.
The object that described barrier comprises the anchor clamps of workpiece and may interfere with cutter around the workpiece, the geometric model of workpiece and barrier can be can rasterizing any how much expression forms, be the geometric model that computing machine can be played up, comprise solid model, polygonal grid model, FREEFORM SURFACE MODEL, voxel model.
2, according to equal error method, method of section or etc. the parameter collimation method calculate the contact point of cutter and workpiece, obtain the cutter-contact point sequence, cutter-contact point wherein is shown among Fig. 25.Determine to be used for identifying one group of cutter location of tool position according to cutter-contact point 5, the shape of tool, corresponding to rose cutter (a), flat milling cutter (b) and annulus milling cutter (c), the position of cutter location is shown among Fig. 24, for rose cutter (a) is the hemispherical centre of sphere of finger ends, for flat milling cutter (b) is the center of circle of end disc, is the circle ring center of finger ends annulus for annulus milling cutter (c).
In following examples, be example with rose cutter (a), similarly method can be applied to flat milling cutter (b) and annulus milling cutter (c).For rose cutter (a), cutter location 4 along on the normal to a surface, equals the radius of rose cutter (a) end hemisphere apart from the distance of cutter-contact point 5 at cutter-contact point 5, so the corresponding cutter location of a cutter-contact point of rose cutter.
3, with the Gaussian sphere discretize.Turn to example with triangle gridding, the discrete reference direction of tool axis is determined on the summit of getting triangle gridding.As shown in Figure 3, be uniform triangle gridding 7 with Gaussian sphere is discrete, obtain equally distributed point on the sphere according to the summit 6 of triangle gridding, thereby determine the discrete reference direction of cutter.During with the even trigonometric ratio of Gaussian sphere, can earlier unit sphere be divided into positive tetrahedron, regular octahedron or regular dodecahedron, the corresponding spherical triangle of each face, the mid point that connects three limits of spherical triangle then, each spherical triangle is divided into four spherical triangles, and so recurrence is divided the triangle number that needs up to reaching.Common 4 or 5 recurrence are divided and can be satisfied general application.
Direction of visual lines is the opposite direction of discrete reference direction, with the barrier model rasterizing column criterion depth test of going forward side by side.The rasterizing coordinate as shown in Figure 4, the O point is a viewpoint, is being in the coordinate system of initial point 13 with the O point, Y-axis is pointed to the top of grid coordinate system, X-axis is pointed to the horizontal direction of grid coordinate system, the Z axle is a direction of visual lines.All be rounded coordinate on X-axis and the Y-axis, geometric model along the direction projection that is parallel to the Z axle to the XY plane, with the position that two-dimentional integer grid coordinate point 18 writes down correspondence, the Z axial coordinate has write down the distance of geometric model to the XY plane.By depth test, on each grid coordinate, only store the Z value of a minimum, just arrive the nearest Z value of raster plane.
With the discrete reference direction of the axial sensing of cutter, the disk of rasterizing cutter turning circle cylinder and carry out depth test successively, the attribute of depth test function be set to depth value more than or equal to the grid point of current depth value by test, and close the write-in functions of depth buffer.The depth test attribute for example is set in OpenGL is " GL_GEQUAL ", depth test is carried out in the write operation of shielding depth buffer memory.Fig. 5 has defined the disk of cutter turning circle cylinder at the cutter location place, and the axial and discrete reference direction 11 of cutter is consistent, and opposite with the Z-direction of grid coordinate, disk comprises that the distance between cutter spacing disk 8 and 10, two disks of handle of a knife disk equals tool length 9.
Judge the complete visuality of cutter turning circle cylinder disk according to the result of depth test.The query function that blocks with video card is judged visible grid number on the disk, if visible grid number is zero, disk is visual fully along direction of visual lines, otherwise disk is for not exclusively visual.
Record cutter turning circle cylinder disk is in the complete visuality of direction of visual lines, and handle of a knife place disk is to the bee-line of barrier; Determine the accessibility of each cutter-contact point place cutter on discrete reference direction according to the complete visuality of cutter turning circle cylinder disk.Fig. 6 has illustrated the calculating principle of cutter in this direction, the barrier model is that workpiece 17 is got a cutter location 4 in cutter path 22, according to the definition of cutter turning circle cylinder disk and the relation of discrete reference direction of cutter and direction of visual lines, the disc shaft line parallel is in sight line, see over from the opposite direction of discrete reference direction, the plane parallel at disc face place is in the XY plane 14 of grid, if cutter spacing disk 4 and handle of a knife disk 10 are visual fully, cutter can reach in this direction; Otherwise if cutter spacing disk or handle of a knife disk are not exclusively visual, cutter is inaccessible in this direction.
According to the bee-line of handle of a knife place disk to barrier, the short sword tool length of the safety of cutter when determining in the direction.Handle of a knife place disk is by the bee-line of handle of a knife disk after the depth test to the barrier grid that is covered by handle of a knife place disk to the bee-line of barrier, from depth buffer, read the matrix of depths 25 of playing up barrier, as Fig. 7, obtain the grid 26 that the handle of a knife disk covers, consider the error that rasterizing produces, the radius of handle of a knife disk is set to L
THD_Con=L
THD+ d
pSupposing has N
THDIndividual grid is covered by disk, and the depth value of disk is D
THD, the safe shortest length of cutter is L so
Safe=L
Max-(D
THD-min{D
i, i=1 ... N
THD).
The set that the discrete reference direction that each cutter-contact point place cutter can be reached is formed on Gaussian sphere is planned to cutter can reach the direction awl, as shown in Figure 8, cutter-contact point sequence 22 is finishing cutter-contact point sequences of workpiece 20, point 5 is a cutter-contact point in the cutter-contact point sequence 22, triangle gridding 21 is illustrated in cutter-contact point 5 set of place's feasible direction on Gaussian sphere, just reached at the direction of cutter-contact point 5 awl.The short sword tool length value of a safety is all arranged on each reference direction in can reaching direction awl.
4, can reach in the direction awl at cutter, calculate the cutter feasible direction cone according to direction continuity constraint and processing environment constraint.The direction continuity constraint is that the direction selected belongs to that current cutter-contact point place cutter can reach the direction awl and adjacent two cutter-contact point place cutters can reach the common factor that direction is bored, and can significantly reduce the interference of the cutter path that couples together like this.The processing environment constraint comprises the impulse stroke constraint of lathe decision, unusual direction constrain and processing technology requirement, can reach the direction awl from cutter according to the processing environment constraint to filter out infeasible direction.Can reach the inappropriate direction of deletion the direction awl according to these two constraints from cutter, obtain the cutter feasible direction cone.
5, judge the manufacturability that adds the workpiece in man-hour with this cutter according to the cutter feasible direction cone, promptly use the feasibility of current cutter along cutter-contact point sequence processing work.If the cutter feasible direction cone at certain cutter-contact point place is empty, be and can not make, then output can not manufacturing information; If the cutter feasible direction cone at all cutter-contact point places is non-NULL all, be and make.
If 6 can make, in feasible direction cone, short sword tool length of the safety of comprehensive tool orientation variable quantity, cutter location sequence and technological requirement, obtain safely short sword tool length with dynamic programming method planning, will plan that the tool orientation in the optimal strategy set that obtains is defined as new feasible direction cone.As shown in Figure 9, in the dynamic programming method, stage is the cutter location in the cutter location sequence, state variable comprises the feasible direction and the short sword tool length of the safety on the feasible direction of cutter location, allow fairness and the technological requirement decision of decision-making set by tool orientation, state transition equation is the maximal value of feasible tool length in the feasible decision-making, and target function is the minimum value of cutter safe length, use the order or the backward solution of dynamic programming then, solve the shortest safe length L of cutter
Safe_short, the tool orientation in the optimal strategy set is defined as new feasible direction cone.
7,,,, obtain the cutter path of fairing with the tool orientation at shortest path first optimization cutter-contact point place along cutter-contact point sequence structure digraph according to new feasible direction cone.
Figure 10 is the principle of digraph modelling, initial tool orientation of planning in the feasible direction cone at first cutter-contact point place, as oriented source of graph, other cutter-contact point place has feasible direction to be set to the summit of digraph then, have each cutter-contact point place on the cutter path feasible direction and next cutter-contact point place to have feasible direction to couple together limit as digraph, the length on limit is the tolerance of these two feasible directions at the lathe turning axle.The tolerance that tool orientation changes can be long with tolerance or adjacent tool orientation the shortest arc on Gaussian sphere of adjacent tool orientation on the lathe turning axle.Find the solution the shortest path of digraph by shortest path first, as dijkstra's algorithm.Determined the tool orientation at corresponding cutter-contact point place in the shortest path along the feasible tool orientation at cutter-contact point place, as shown in figure 11, workpiece 20 models are made up of 139754 triangles, discrete reference direction is 1026, cutter path comprises 19310 cutter locations, be about 15 minutes the computing time on common PC, and the cutter sequence 24 is the discrete cutter spacing in one section cutter path wherein, and the short sword tool length of safety is 38.46mm.
Short sword tool length of output safety and cutter path.Safely short sword tool length is L
Safe_short, the cutter path file is the cutter location file corresponding with post processor, has described the position and the direction of cutter, and the position of cutter is the cutter spacing sequence, and the direction of cutter is the feasible direction of optimizing corresponding to the cutter location place.
Present embodiment is an example with the finishing tool path planning of rose cutter, and the planing method in five-axis numerical control to process safety shortest cutting tool path has been described, can cook up safety the shortest tool length and high-quality cutter path for complex parts.Method of the present invention also can be applied in the five-shaft numerical control processing of tack milling cutter and annulus cutter.
Claims (5)
1. the planing method of a five-axis numerical control to process safety shortest cutting tool length is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) with the turning circle cylinder of cutter geometric model, sets initial tool length, set up the geometric model of workpiece and barrier simultaneously as cutter; Described tool length refers to the overhang amount of handle of a knife to cutter location, and initial tool length is a maximal value in the technology allowed band; The object that described barrier comprises the anchor clamps of workpiece and may interfere with cutter around the workpiece; The geometric model of described workpiece and barrier is a kind of how much expression forms that can rasterizing;
2) with equal error method, method of section or etc. parametric method calculate the contact point of cutter and workpiece, obtain the cutter-contact point sequence, determine to be used for identifying one group of cutter location of tool position by cutter-contact point sequence, the shape of tool;
3), determine the discrete reference direction of tool axis with the Gaussian sphere discretize; Direction of visual lines is the opposite direction of discrete reference direction, with the barrier model rasterizing column criterion depth test of going forward side by side; With the discrete reference direction of the axial sensing of cutter, the disk of rasterizing cutter turning circle cylinder and carry out depth test successively, the attribute of depth test function be set to depth value more than or equal to the grid point of current depth value by test, and close the write-in functions of depth buffer; The disk of described cutter turning circle cylinder is in the plane perpendicular to discrete reference direction, is the center of circle with the cutter location, is the disc face of radius with the radius of cutter surface of revolution cylinder; The query function that blocks with video card is judged visible grid number on the disk, if visible grid number is zero, disk is visual fully along direction of visual lines, otherwise disk is for not exclusively visual; Record cutter turning circle cylinder disk is in the complete visuality of direction of visual lines, and handle of a knife place disk is to the bee-line of barrier; Described handle of a knife place disk is by the bee-line of handle of a knife disk after the depth test to the barrier grid that is covered by handle of a knife place disk to the bee-line of barrier; Determine the accessibility of each cutter-contact point place cutter on discrete reference direction according to the complete visuality of cutter turning circle cylinder disk; According to the bee-line of handle of a knife place disk to barrier, the short sword tool length of the safety of cutter when determining in the direction; The set that the discrete reference direction that each cutter-contact point place cutter can be reached is formed on Gaussian sphere is planned to cutter can reach the direction awl;
4) can reach in the direction awl at cutter, calculate the cutter feasible direction cone according to direction continuity constraint and processing environment constraint; Described processing environment constraint comprises the impulse stroke constraint of lathe decision, unusual direction constrain and processing technology requirement; Described direction continuity constraint is that the direction selected belongs to that current cutter-contact point place cutter can reach the direction awl and adjacent two cutter-contact point place cutters can reach the common factor that direction is bored;
5) judge the manufacturability of workpiece according to the cutter feasible direction cone, promptly use the feasibility of current cutter along cutter-contact point sequence processing work, if the cutter feasible direction cone at certain cutter-contact point place is empty, be and make, then output can not manufacturing information, if the cutter feasible direction cone at all cutter-contact point places is non-NULL all, be and make;
6) in the cutter feasible direction cone, short sword tool length of the safety of comprehensive tool orientation variable quantity, cutter location sequence and technological requirement, obtain the short sword tool length of safety of cutter path with dynamic programming method planning, the tool orientation in the optimal strategy set that will planning obtains is defined as new feasible direction cone; Described tool orientation variable quantity is meant along the tolerance of all adjacent tool orientation of cutter-contact point sequence, comprises the tolerance of adjacent tool orientation in tolerance on the Gaussian sphere and corresponding rotation axle motion in the lathe work space; In the described dynamic programming method, stage is the cutter location in the cutter location sequence, state variable comprises the feasible direction and the short sword tool length of the safety on the feasible direction of cutter location, allow fairness and the technological requirement decision of decision-making set by tool orientation, state transition equation is the maximal value of feasible tool length in the feasible decision-making, and target function is the minimum value of cutter safe length;
7),,, obtain the cutter path of fairing with the tool orientation at shortest path first optimization cutter-contact point place along cutter-contact point sequence structure digraph according to new feasible direction cone.
2. according to the planing method of the five-axis numerical control to process safety shortest cutting tool length of claim 1, it is characterized in that described geometric model is the geometric model that computing machine can be played up, and comprises solid model, polygonal grid model, FREEFORM SURFACE MODEL, voxel model and point cloud model.
3. according to the planing method of the five-axis numerical control to process safety shortest cutting tool length of claim 1, it is characterized in that described cutter location is the hemispherical centre of sphere of finger ends for rose cutter, for flat milling cutter is the center of circle of end disc, is the circle ring center of finger ends annulus for the annulus milling cutter.
4. according to the planing method of the five-axis numerical control to process safety shortest cutting tool length of claim 1, it is characterized in that the complete visuality of described disk is meant the visuality at all grid point places behind the disk rasterizing, if all grid points of disk all are visual, then this disk is fully visual, otherwise is not fully visual.
5. according to the planing method of the five-axis numerical control to process safety shortest cutting tool length of claim 1, when it is characterized in that constructing described digraph, each cutter-contact point place has feasible direction to be set to the summit of digraph, each cutter-contact point place feasible direction on the cutter path and next cutter-contact point place are optimized direction couple together limit as digraph, the length on limit is the tolerance that these two feasible directions change.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810039198A CN100582975C (en) | 2008-06-19 | 2008-06-19 | Method for planning five-axis numerical control to process safety shortest cutting tool length |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810039198A CN100582975C (en) | 2008-06-19 | 2008-06-19 | Method for planning five-axis numerical control to process safety shortest cutting tool length |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101303583A CN101303583A (en) | 2008-11-12 |
| CN100582975C true CN100582975C (en) | 2010-01-20 |
Family
ID=40113513
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810039198A Expired - Fee Related CN100582975C (en) | 2008-06-19 | 2008-06-19 | Method for planning five-axis numerical control to process safety shortest cutting tool length |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100582975C (en) |
Families Citing this family (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009008124A1 (en) * | 2009-02-09 | 2010-08-19 | Deckel Maho Pfronten Gmbh | Method and device for generating control data for controlling a tool on a machine tool comprising at least 5 axes |
| JP2011096077A (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-12 | Makino Milling Mach Co Ltd | Method and device for generating tool path |
| CN101776885B (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2011-10-19 | 上海维宏电子科技有限公司 | Method for automatically setting graphics processing sequence applied in numerical control system |
| CN102222138B (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2013-10-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for obtaining shortest lines based on section line division of curved surface |
| CN102608952B (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2014-03-26 | 华中科技大学 | Method of smoothening five-axis-linkage machine tool machining path by using ball-end cutter |
| CN102982237B (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2016-05-11 | 王钰 | A kind of method and system of definite goal systems service index |
| CN103116315B (en) * | 2013-02-17 | 2015-03-11 | 上海维宏电子科技股份有限公司 | Control method for achieving cutting tool radius compensation overall interference in numerical control system |
| CN103926873B (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2017-02-08 | 浙江大学 | Method for eliminating five-axis singular problem in path planning stage |
| CN105252232B (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2017-10-17 | 山东大学 | A kind of method for processing steam turbine blade blade curved surface |
| CN105785919B (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2018-06-19 | 苏州科技学院 | Point five axis of cloud is without global interference generating tool axis vector feasible zone computational methods |
| CN105929792B (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2018-09-28 | 苏州科技学院 | Five axis of point cloud model interferes cutter shaft angle range computational methods without part |
| CN106873529B (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2018-12-28 | 华中科技大学 | The algorithm that cutter rings body is projected to the side of triangular plate in a kind of five-axis robot track |
| CN107065768B (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2019-05-31 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of Impeller Machining cutter path global optimization method |
| CN108519758B (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2020-12-22 | 南京工业大学 | Multi-axis numerical control machining ball head cutter shaft vector planning method capable of avoiding interference and chattering |
| CN108549327A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-09-18 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of five axis of complex structural member increase and decrease material hybrid process Sequence Planning method |
| CN109857065B (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2021-11-19 | 天津银宝山新科技有限公司 | Large-scale mold deep cavity roughing method and application |
| CN110426992B (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2020-08-14 | 大连理工大学 | Curve sub-region circular cutting machining tool path planning method |
| CN111061214B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-10-29 | 沈阳透平机械股份有限公司 | Method and device for judging machine tool limit |
| CN110888394B (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-03-19 | 南京工业大学 | Cutter shaft optimization method for wear control of curved surface numerical control machining ball end mill |
| CN111438578B (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2021-03-02 | 广东博智林机器人有限公司 | Wall surface polishing path planning method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN111830900B (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2021-05-18 | 华中科技大学 | Interference-free tool path generation method for grinding and polishing blisk by robot |
| CN112676623B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2023-03-24 | 重庆江增船舶重工有限公司 | Interference-free directional milling method for turbocharger impeller |
-
2008
- 2008-06-19 CN CN200810039198A patent/CN100582975C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101303583A (en) | 2008-11-12 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN100582975C (en) | Method for planning five-axis numerical control to process safety shortest cutting tool length | |
| CN100435055C (en) | Method for planning smooth and non-interference tool route of 5-axis numerical control machining | |
| US9581992B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for a cutting process automatic generation tool of CAM | |
| Choi et al. | C-space approach to tool-path generation for die and mould machining | |
| CN102528555B (en) | Geometry and mechanics integrated optimization information processing method of interference-free tool path on complex curved surface | |
| CN100343770C (en) | Intelligent control system for digital control machine tool and control method thereof | |
| Lin et al. | A generic uniform scallop tool path generation method for five-axis machining of freeform surface | |
| CN110500969B (en) | High-gradient complex curved surface in-situ measurement planning method | |
| Li et al. | Arc–surface intersection method to calculate cutter–workpiece engagements for generic cutter in five-axis milling | |
| JP2015507770A (en) | Computer program product and method for generating and simulating an object model | |
| CN101702087A (en) | Reverse method based on CAD model modification and measurement path planning | |
| CN103135446B (en) | Motion trail authentication device of multiaxis numerical control machine tool | |
| Yu et al. | Method for discriminating geometric feasibility in assembly planning based on extended and turning interference matrix | |
| Konobrytskyi et al. | 5-Axis tool path planning based on highly parallel discrete volumetric geometry representation: Part I contact point generation | |
| Li et al. | A tracking-based numerical algorithm for efficiently constructing the feasible space of tool axis of a conical ball-end cutter in five-axis machining | |
| CN115562159A (en) | Tool path planning method, device and computer readable storage medium | |
| CN110955934B (en) | Cutting simulation implementation method for real-time processing monitoring | |
| JP5984175B2 (en) | System and method for performing undo and redo operations during machining simulation | |
| CN113359608A (en) | Voxel interference detection method and system for machine tool machining process simulation | |
| Ge et al. | Tolerance specification and comparative analysis for computer-integrated dimensional inspection | |
| Quan et al. | Cutting path planning for ruled surface impellers | |
| Chang et al. | Automatic inspection of turbine blades using 5-axis coordinate measurement machine | |
| Inui et al. | Cutter engagement feature extraction using triple-dexel representation workpiece model and GPU parallel processing function | |
| CN102176211B (en) | Path planning method of measuring system based on projected grating phase method | |
| CN104345686B (en) | The two-way dexel blank modeling method of two dimension and machining simulation method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20100120 Termination date: 20170619 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |