CN100581223C - Transmission pulse generating circuit and image pickup equipment - Google Patents
Transmission pulse generating circuit and image pickup equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN100581223C CN100581223C CN200710103577A CN200710103577A CN100581223C CN 100581223 C CN100581223 C CN 100581223C CN 200710103577 A CN200710103577 A CN 200710103577A CN 200710103577 A CN200710103577 A CN 200710103577A CN 100581223 C CN100581223 C CN 100581223C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a transferring pulse-generator circuit which is used to output the transferring pulse of the vertical register, and the circuit includes a transferring pulse control device which is used to set the ascending and descending of the transferring pulse of the vertical register as the desired timing in the prescribed period.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of transmission pulse (transfer pulse) generator circuit and image pickup (imagepickup) equipment.More particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of transmission pulse-generator circuit that vertical register transmits pulse that is used to produce, this vertical register transmits the vertical register that pulse is used to drive charge-coupled device (CCD) type solid-state image pickup apparatus, also relates to a kind of image pick up equipment with the CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus that transmits pulse-generator circuit that has been equipped with.
Background technology
In the image pick up equipment that is equipped with CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus, electric charge in each light receiving element that provides in the light receiving part of CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus is provided, be passed to vertical register, the electric charge that is delivered to each vertical register is passed to horizontal register, and the electric charge that is delivered to horizontal register is passed to output circuit.Be output as image information from output circuit.
Formation is as being called as a frame period (period) of a screen of the video-unit of display and TV.In interlaced systems, for example two constitute a frame.
The image information of one or a frame is repeatedly exported, and makes that image can be viewed as still image or moving image on video-unit.
When in horizontal register, transmitting electric charge, in the state that the operation of vertical register stops, driving horizontal register, to extract a horizontal charge information (for example, with reference to Japanese Patent Application Publication No.2000-138943 Fig. 3).Basically by the several of horizontal charge information of output, can transmit the Pixel Information of a frame corresponding to horizontal quantity.
Especially, as shown in the sequential chart of Fig. 5, when the horizontal register of being indicated by mark Hck in the drawings transmits pulse maintenance constant level (high level in the sequential chart of Fig. 5), in horizontal blanking (blanking) period (period of indicating by mark b among the figure), carry out the vertical register transmission, avoiding in valid pixel period (by mark a indicated period), the harmful effect of transmitting the commutation pulse of pulse by the vertical register of mark V φ 1 (V φ 1 to V φ 6) indication.
That is to say, the potential change of the substrate that forms with CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus occurs in that vertical register transmits that pulse descends regularly in the timing of mark T2, T4, T6, T8, T10 and T12 indication (among the figure by) and vertical register transmits pulse rise regularly (timing of being indicated by mark T1, T3, T5, T7, T9 and T11 among the figure).To adverse effect, in horizontal blanking period, carry out the vertical register transmission for fear of this potential change from the output of output circuit.Fig. 6 is the curve chart of the relation between the current potential of expression vertical register transmission pulse V φ and substrate (being formed with CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus on it).From this curve chart, as can be seen, when vertical register transmits the speed of pulse by 40V/ μ s and descends, change about 16mV with the current potential of the substrate of CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus formation.
Fig. 7 is equipped with the schematic diagram of the timing generator of traditional transmission pulse-generator circuit for expression.Constituting of timing generator 101 shown in the figure: horizontal direction counter 102, the decline of itself and horizontal-drive signal HD synchronously begins counting; PRM_OFFSET, its storage horizontal direction counter is timed to counting (Ta value) by the timing of the indication of the mark T1 Fig. 5 from the decline of horizontal-drive signal HD; Comparator 103, its counting and Ta value with the horizontal direction counter compares, and when the counting of horizontal direction counter reaches the Ta value, the output reference signal; And V φ generator 104, it produces V φ pulse by using reference signal from comparator output as triggering.
V φ generator is equipped with T counter 105, and constitutes as follows: when by the timing of T1 indication by from the reference signal identification of comparator output the time, the timing that this T rolling counters forward is indicated to T12 by T2 is to discern them.That is to say, the T counter that provides in the V φ generator is operated as follows: only know by using the timing of reference signal by the T1 indication by making V φ generator, can produce V φ pulse in the timing of indicating to T12 by T2, and not from external command V φ generator.
In the timing generator that as above constitutes, the decline by usage level synchronizing signal HD as a reference, the horizontal direction counter begins counting, described horizontal-drive signal HD be the outside signal of importing.When the counting of horizontal direction counter reaches the Ta value that is stored among the PRM_OFFSET (for example, counting 100), comparator output reference signal.By using the reference signal of being exported by comparator as triggering, V φ generator produces each pulse of V φ 1 to V φ 6, makes that can obtain the horizontal vertical register of shown in Fig. 5 transmits pulse.An one sub-level transmission and a corresponding vertical transmission (a+ b in period in period) are called as vertical transmission period.
Transmitting same vertical transmission period during, transmitting the Pixel Information (though use in the recent period as various transfer modes that pixel is diluted, these all do not comprise wherein) of a frame corresponding to the several of horizontal pixel quantity.
Nowadays, because the market demand of high image quality, the pixel quantity of CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus increases.The demand of obtaining great amount of images is at short notice simultaneously also increasing.For the CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus with a large amount of pixels, also expectation realizes the frame per second near traditional frame per second.
For the CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus with a large amount of pixels, realize that also the method for the frame per second of approaching traditional frame per second can be: (1) improves the method for the driving frequency of driven CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus; And (2) carry out the method that vertical register transmits at valid pixel in period.
Yet, if by improving the driving frequency of driven CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus, realize frame per second near traditional frame per second, then the raising of driving frequency may cause the raising of raising, the power consumption of caloric value, the raising of the quantity of the raising of the cost of the substrate that forms with CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus, peripheral assembly or the like.Therefore hardly, the driving frequency that improves driven CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus is to realize that the method near the frame per second of traditional frame per second is suitable.Further, iff using the countermeasure that improves driving frequency, then be restricted for satisfying the demand that improves frame per second in the recent period.
If, as previously mentioned, the adverse effect that vertical register transmits the switching noise of pulse then occurs by carry out the frame per second that the vertical register transmission realizes approaching traditional frame per second in period at valid pixel.That is to say, use the current potential of the substrate of CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus formation regularly to change, make the output of output circuit to affect adversely, and may produce fixed pattern noise (FPN) in rising/decline that each vertical register transmits pulse.
Especially, as shown in the sequential chart among Fig. 8, when in valid pixel period (period of indicating by mark a among the figure), when carrying out the vertical register transmission, use the current potential of the substrate of CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus formation to change: the rising timing T1 that transmits pulse by the vertical register of mark V φ 6 indications in following timing; Transmit the decline timing T2 of pulse by the vertical register of mark V φ 2 indications; Transmit the rising timing T3 of pulse by the vertical register of mark V φ 1 indication; Transmit the decline timing T4 of pulse by the vertical register of mark V φ 3 indications; Transmit the rising timing T5 of pulse by the vertical register of mark V φ 2 indications; Transmit the decline timing T6 of pulse by the vertical register of mark V φ 4 indications; Transmit the rising timing T7 of pulse by the vertical register of mark V φ 3 indications; Transmit the decline timing T8 of pulse by the vertical register of mark V φ 5 indications; Transmit the rising timing T9 of pulse by the vertical register of mark V φ 4 indications; Transmit the decline timing T10 of pulse by the vertical register of mark V φ 6 indications; Transmit the rising timing T11 of pulse by the vertical register of mark V φ 5 indications; And the decline timing T12 that transmits pulse by the vertical register of mark V φ 1 indication.This current potential changes can be at timing T1 each change place generation FPN to T12.
Regularly T1 vertically is coupled to each FPN of the generation of change place separately of T12, and the vertical linearity picture noise as shown in Fig. 9 A occurs.Figure 12 represents according to the sequential chart shown in Fig. 7, the real image that obtains by driven CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus.With Fig. 9 category-A seemingly, the vertical linearity picture noise that caused by each FPN that timing T1 produces to change place separately of T12 has appearred in the road as can be seen from Figure 12.
For between the frame and between screen on spot noise, consider similarly mechanism.Picture noise always appears at the same position place between frame or the field.Therefore, certain on screen point always becomes noise (dark or bright).These noises are spot noises, and it resides on the screen and irrelevant with the generation of vertical linearity picture noise.
Though this is two independently phenomenons, but generation mechanism is identical in (continuity of continuity, each frame or the spot noise between each of vertical transmission internal linear in period noise) on FPN and the continuity, if make to produce line noise and spot noise simultaneously, then line noise always appears on the screen.
Vertical register shown in Fig. 8 transmit pulse can be used for the vertical register shown in Fig. 5 and transmit the similar mode of pulsion phase and produce.That is to say,, can produce the vertical register shown in Fig. 8 and transmit pulse by using the timing generator shown in Fig. 7.
Summary of the invention
Consider the problems referred to above, proposed the present invention.A kind of transmission pulse-generator circuit need be provided, and a kind of image pick up equipment with such transmission pulse-generator circuit, even described circuit is carried out the vertical register transmission at valid pixel in period, also can alleviate in visual identity as the picture noise on the screen of the video-unit of display, TV and monitor.
In order to address the above problem, a kind of transmission pulse-generator circuit that vertical register transmits pulse that is used to export of the present invention, comprise: transmit pulse control unit, be used to control with described vertical register transmit the rising of pulse and decline timing setting be in the predetermined period expectation regularly.
The rising and the decline timing setting that are used to control described vertical register transmission pulse are the transmission pulse control unit of the expectation timing in the predetermined period, can make the rising of vertical register transmission pulse different at every horizontal line, make that the timing of switching noise can be every horizontal line difference with the timing that descends.By making the timing of potential change of the substrate that forms with CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus every horizontal line difference, can be so that be difficult to linear image noise on the visual identity vertical direction.Similarly, by make rising that vertical register transmits pulse with descend regularly different at every and/or frame, can be so that be difficult to dot image noise on the visual identity screen.
That is to say that the linear image noise on why can the visual identity vertical direction is because the timing when producing switching noise is identical for all horizontal lines, and the FPN that is coupled in vertical direction.Therefore, the timing of the generation by making switching noise is at every horizontal line or every and/or frame difference, can make to be difficult to visual identity vertical linearity picture noise and dot image noise resident with the coupling that suppresses the FPN on the vertical direction and the dot image noise on the screen.
The period that the transmission of above-mentioned " predetermined period " expression vertical register does not affect adversely.That is to say, transmit the rising of pulse and descend regularly the period that the vertical register transmission does not also affect adversely even represent to change vertical register this period.
A kind of transmission pulse-generator circuit of the present invention comprises: the reference signal output device is used to export the reference signal that is used to produce vertical register transmission pulse; And the transmission pulser unit, be used for producing vertical register and transmitting pulse by using reference signal as triggering, wherein reference signal is regularly exported in the expectation of reference signal output device in predetermined period.
Reference signal is regularly exported in the expectation of reference signal output device in predetermined period, and transmits reference signal that pulser unit regularly exports by the expectation of using in predetermined period as triggering, produces vertical register and transmits pulse.Therefore, can make rising that vertical register transmits pulse and descend regularly differently at every horizontal line, and the timing that makes switching noise is every horizontal line difference.Therefore, can so that the timing of the potential change of the substrate that forms with CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus every horizontal line difference.By making the timing of potential change of the substrate that forms with CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus every horizontal line difference, becoming can be so that be difficult to linear image noise on the visual identity vertical direction.Similarly, by making rising that vertical register transmits pulse and descending regularly differently at every and/or frame, becoming can be so that be difficult to dot image noise on the visual identity screen.
Above-mentioned " predetermined period " was illustrated in the period that the vertical register transmission do not affect adversely, and can produce the period that vertical register transmits pulse.That is to say, also can produce vertical register transmission pulse even represent this period to change from the timing of reference signal output device output reference signal, and the period that the vertical register transmission does not affect adversely.
In order to address the above problem, a kind of image pick up equipment of the present invention has the transmission pulse-generator circuit, this transmission pulse-generator circuit comprises: the reference signal output device, and it has and is used for as first counter of counting with reference to the clock that uses, be used for the counting and first predetermined value of first counter are compared also first comparator of output signal, be used for by using this signal as triggering second counter that clock is counted, second comparator that compares and export reference signal with the counting and second predetermined value that are used for second counter; And the transmission pulser unit, it is used for producing vertical register and transmitting pulse by using this reference signal as triggering, and wherein, second predetermined value is the output valve of random number generator circuit, exports desired value in predetermined period.
This second predetermined value is set to the output valve of random number generator circuit, and this random number generator circuit is used for exporting desired value in predetermined period.Therefore, can make rising that vertical register transmits pulse and descend regularly differently at every horizontal line, and the timing that makes switching noise is every horizontal line difference.Therefore, can so that the timing of the potential change of the substrate that forms with CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus every horizontal line difference.By making the timing of potential change of the substrate that forms with CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus every horizontal line difference, becoming can be so that be difficult to linear image noise on the visual identity vertical direction.Should " predetermined period " be illustrated in the period that the vertical register transmission do not affect adversely, can produce the period that vertical register transmits pulse.That is to say, even represent to change second predetermined value (will compare) this period by the counting of second comparator with itself and second counter, by using this reference signal from the output of second comparator as triggering, also can produce vertical register and transmit pulse, and the period that the vertical register transmission does not affect adversely.
Utilize above-mentioned transmission pulse-generator circuit of the present invention and image pick up equipment,, also can alleviate the visual identity of the picture noise on the screen of video even interim execution vertical register transmits when valid pixel.
Description of drawings
From hereinafter in conjunction with describing in detail embodiments of the invention and the example, the present invention's more understandable and easy understanding that will become, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that is used to explain the timing generator that is equipped with the example of using transmission pulse-generator circuit of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram as the linear feedback shift register of the example of random number generator circuit (LFSR);
Fig. 3 A is the schematic diagram that is used to explain the stochastic model noise;
Fig. 3 B is used to explain that switching noise is at the every schematic diagram that horizontal line is different;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that is used to explain the timing generator that is equipped with another example of using transmission pulse-generator circuit of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is shown in valid pixel is not carried out the sequential chart of the driving method that vertical register transmits in period example;
Fig. 6 is that the expression vertical register transmits pulse V φ and with the curve chart of the relation between the current potential of the substrate of CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus formation;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that is used to explain the timing generator that is equipped with traditional transmission pulse-generator circuit;
Fig. 8 is the example that is shown in the sequential chart of the valid pixel driving method that the execution vertical register transmits in period;
Fig. 9 A is the schematic diagram that is used to explain linear image noise vertically;
Fig. 9 B is used to explain that the timing that produces switching noise is at the identical schematic diagram of all horizontal lines;
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram that is used to explain the timing generator that is equipped with another example of using transmission pulse-generator circuit of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram that is used to explain the timing generator of the distortion that is equipped with another example of using transmission pulse-generator circuit of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the screen picture that produces the random noise pattern;
Figure 13 is the screen picture that has suppressed the random noise pattern by application of the present invention;
Figure 14 transmits the example of pulse by the vertical register that timing generator according to the present invention produces.
Embodiment
Hereinafter among the embodiment that will describe, the similar pulse V φ 1 to V φ 6 by shown in the sequential chart of exemplarily use and Fig. 5 and Fig. 8 describes basic generation regularly.The rising of pulse V φ 6 regularly is T1, the decline of pulse V φ 2 regularly is T2, and the rising of pulse V φ 1 regularly is T3, and the decline of pulse V φ 3 regularly is T4, the rising of pulse V φ 2 regularly is T5, the decline of pulse V φ 4 regularly is T6, and the rising of pulse V φ 3 regularly is T7, and the decline of pulse V φ 5 regularly is T8, the rising of pulse V φ 4 regularly is T9, the decline of pulse V φ 6 regularly is T10, and the rising of pulse V φ 5 regularly is T11, and the decline of pulse V φ 1 regularly is T12.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that is equipped with the timing generator of the example of using transmission pulse-generator circuit of the present invention.Consisting of of timing generator 1 as shown in the figure: horizontal direction counter 2, the decline of itself and horizontal-drive signal HD synchronously begins counting; PRM_OFFSET, its storage horizontal direction counter is timed to the regularly counting (Ta value) of T1 from the decline of horizontal-drive signal HD; First comparator 3, its counting and Ta value with the horizontal direction counter compares, and when the counting of horizontal direction counter reaches the Ta value, exports first output signal; RD counter 4, it is counted as reference by using since first output signal of first comparator output; Random number generator circuit 5, the decline by usage level synchronizing signal HD is determined the RD_OFFSET value as triggering, described RD_OFFSET value is the arbitrary value in the predetermined period; Second comparator circuit 6 is used for the counting and the RD_OFFSET value of RD counter are compared, and when the counting of RD counter reaches the RD_OFFSET value, exports second output signal; And V φ generator 7, it produces V φ pulse by using secondary signal from the output of second comparator as triggering.
The whole example that constitutes the transmission pulse control unit of horizontal direction counter, PRM_OFFSET, first comparator, RD counter, random number generator circuit and second comparator.
Horizontal direction counter, PRM_OFFSET, first comparator, RD counter, random number generator circuit and the second comparator integral body also constitute the example of reference signal output device.This V φ generator also constitutes the example that transmits pulser unit.This horizontal direction counter also constitutes the example of first counter, and this first comparator also constitutes first comparator, and this RD counter also constitutes second comparator, and this second comparator also constitutes the example of second comparator.
Similar with traditional timing generator of describing before, V φ generator is equipped with T counter 8, and constitute as follows: when timing T1 was discerned by second output signal of exporting from second comparator, the T counter was counted timing T2 to T12, to discern them.That is to say that the T counter that provides in the V φ generator is operated as follows: only know by using the timing T1 of second output signal by making V φ generator, need not externally to indicate V φ generator, just can produce V φ pulse at timing T2 to T12.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram as the linear feedback shift register of the example of above-mentioned random number generator circuit (LFSR) circuit.This LFSR circuit is a counter that is made of the shift register by the ExOR feedback.If the quantity of trigger (flip-flop) is n, count enable reaches (2n-1) so, and can produce pseudo random number.For example, for 7 bit random numbers output, can produce the random number that comprises 0 to 127 128 grades (step).
When energized, the LFSR circuit is by setting the decentralization that initial value can change pseudo random number.Therefore, can change the decentralization of each type (pixel size etc.) of CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus.
In this embodiment, construct as follows: the output random number of upgrading the LFSR circuit in each timing that descends of horizontal-drive signal HD.
In the timing generator of constructing as shown in fig. 1, the decline of horizontal direction counter and horizontal-drive signal HD synchronously begins counting, this horizontal-drive signal HD is the signal of an outside input, and when the counting of horizontal direction counter reached the Ta value that is stored among the PRM_OFFSET, first comparator was exported first output signal.By using from first output signal of first comparator output as a reference, the RD counter begins counting, and when the counting of RD counter reached by the definite RD_OFFSET value of random number generator circuit, second comparator circuit was exported second output signal.By using second output signal from the output of second comparator as triggering, V φ generator produces each V φ pulse of V φ 1 to V φ 6.Like this, can obtain a horizontal vertical register and transmit pulse.Figure 14 represents to transmit pulse by the vertical register of the reality of the generation of the timing generator shown in Fig. 1.
Transmit pulse by the vertical register that is equipped with the timing generator generation of using transmission pulse-generator circuit of the present invention, have different timing T1 to T12 at every horizontal line.Therefore, every horizontal change separately regularly T1 be not coupled in vertical direction to each FPN of T12 generation, and, though produced random noise pattern as shown in Fig. 3 A, be difficult to produce vertical coupled linear image noise.Figure 13 represents the V φ pulse that produced by as shown in fig. 1 timing generator by using, the actual screen that obtains by driven CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus.Can also understand from Figure 13, the vertical linearity picture noise is difficult to occur.
Because identical mechanism, vertical register are transmitted the rising of pulse and descended regularly between on the scene and/or the frame is at random, make the picture noise that resides on the screen also be difficult to occur.Preferably, provide a kind of circuit, be used for comparison RD counter frame or between the counting of rising portion in each vertical transmission period, avoid and/or the identical value of interframe with strictness.Can clearly be seen that from the checking that the inventor did,, use the probability step-down of identical value and picture noise not remarkable if use random number generator circuit.
That is to say, V φ pulse by the timing generator generation that is equipped with traditional transmission pulse-generator circuit, have by all the horizontal T1 timings of Ta value from the decline process of horizontal-drive signal HD, and, has identical timing when when all horizontal lines produce switching noise (with reference to figure 9B).By the V φ pulse that is equipped with the timing generator of using transmission pulse-generator circuit of the present invention to produce, have by Ta value from horizontal-drive signal HD rise process and further by all horizontal T1 timings of RD_OFFSET value process.This RD_OFFSET value is taked random value for horizontal line separately, and the timing that switching noise produces is at every horizontal line difference (with reference to figure 3B).Therefore, change regularly horizontal separately that T1 will vertically be coupled to each FPN that T12 produces, and be difficult to generation vertical linearity picture noise between on the scene and/or the frame and reside in spot noise on the screen.
As mentioned above, transmit pulse,, also be difficult to produce picture noise even carry out the vertical register transmission in period at valid pixel by using by the vertical register that is equipped with the timing generator generation of using transmission pulse-generator circuit of the present invention.Therefore, can carry out the vertical register transmission in period at valid pixel, and not reduce picture quality, even and to having the CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus of a large amount of pixels, also can realize frame per second near traditional frame per second.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that expression is equipped with the timing generator of another example of using transmission pulse-generator circuit of the present invention.Constituting of timing generator 1 as shown in FIG.: horizontal direction counter 2, the decline of itself and horizontal-drive signal HD synchronously begins counting; PRM_OFFSET, its storage horizontal direction counter is timed to the regularly counting (Ta value) of T1 from the decline of horizontal-drive signal HD; First comparator 3, its counting and Ta value with the horizontal direction counter compares, and when the count value of horizontal direction counter reaches the Ta value, exports first output signal; With (AND) door 10, by importing two input signals, export second output signal, described two input signals are from first output signal of first comparator output and enable signal (EN signal at random) at random; RD counter 4, its by use from second output signal of door output as a reference, begin counting; Random number generator circuit 5 is used for decline by usage level synchronizing signal HD as triggering, determines the RD_OFFSET value, and this value is the arbitrary value in predetermined period; Second comparator circuit 6 is used for the counting and the RD_OFFSET value of RD counter are compared, and when the counting of RD counter reaches the RD_OFFSET value, exports the 3rd output signal; Selector 11, it is by two input signals of input, respond the switch of EN signal at random, export first output signal or the 3rd output signal, described two input signals are from the 3rd output signal of second comparator output and first output signal of exporting from first comparator; And V φ generator 7, it produces V φ pulse by using from first output signal of selector output or the 3rd output signal as triggering.Similar with the timing generator shown in Fig. 1, provide T counter in the V φ generator.
Describe below when EN signal at random for " opening " (ON) and " pass " (OFF) time, the operation of Gou Zao timing generator as shown in Figure 4.
[the EN signal is " opening " at random]
In the timing generator of constructing as shown in Figure 4, the decline of horizontal direction counter and horizontal-drive signal HD synchronously begins counting, this horizontal-drive signal HD is the signal of outside input, and when the counting of horizontal direction counter reached the Ta value that is stored among the PRM_OFFSET, first comparator was exported first output signal.
Since from first output signal of first comparator output and at random the EN signal be imported into, therefore, if the EN signal is " opening " state at random, then second output signal is from exporting with door, by using as a reference from second output signal of first comparator output, the RD counter begins counting, and when the counting of RD counter reached the RD_OFFSET value of being determined by random number generator circuit, second comparator circuit was exported the 3rd output signal.
Because be imported into selector from the 3rd output signal of second comparator output and first output signal of exporting from first comparator, therefore when the EN signal was in " opening " state at random, selector was exported the 3rd output signal.By using the 3rd output signal as triggering, V φ generator produces V φ 1 to V φ 6 pulses, makes that can obtain a horizontal vertical register transmits pulse.If the EN signal is " opening " at random, then can produces with the similar vertical register of those pulses that produce by as shown in fig. 1 timing generator and transmit pulse.
[the EN signal is " pass " at random]
In the timing generator of constructing as shown in Figure 4, the decline of horizontal direction counter and horizontal-drive signal HD synchronously begins counting, this horizontal-drive signal HD is the signal of outside input, and when the counting of horizontal direction counter reached the Ta value that is stored among the PRM_OFFSET, first comparator was exported first output signal.
Since from first output signal of first comparator output and at random the EN signal be imported into, therefore, if the EN signal is in " pass " state at random, then second output signal is not from exporting with door.
Be imported into selector from first output signal of first comparator output, and when the EN signal was in " pass " state at random, selector was exported first output signal.By using this first output signal as triggering, V φ generator produces V φ 1 to V φ 6 pulses, makes that can obtain a horizontal vertical register transmits pulse.
If the EN signal is in " pass " state at random, then can produces with the similar vertical register of those pulses that produces by as shown in Figure 7 traditional timing generator and transmit pulse.
Above-mentioned being equipped with in the timing generator of using transmission pulse-generator circuit of the present invention, by between " opening " and " pass " of EN signal at random, switching, becoming both can be when all horizontal lines have produced switching noise, the vertical register that generation has identical timing transmits pulse, can when produce switching noise, every horizontal line produce vertical register and transmit pulse again with different timing.
Therefore, carry out the vertical register transmission in period at valid pixel if desired, then the EN signal transfers " opening " at random, with when every horizontal line produces switching noise, produces the vertical register with different timing and transmits pulse.If need not carry out the vertical register transmission in period at valid pixel, then the EN signal transfers the pass at random, with when all horizontal lines produce switching noise, produces the vertical register with identical timing and transmits pulse.Like this, the vertical register that can produce the vertical register transmission that is fit to each CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus transmits pulse.
In this embodiment, though make that regularly T1 is every horizontal line difference, the timing from timing T1 to timing T2 to T12 is a constant.That is to say that if regularly T1 is used as reference, then for all horizontal lines, regularly T2 to T12 is identical.Yet, must make for every horizontal line timing T1 to T12 difference as the timing T1 difference of reference by making.
For every horizontal line, timing T1 to T12 is not both enough, and unnecessary feasible timing from timing T1 to timing T2 to T12 is a constant.
And in this embodiment, by making in every horizontal signal (second output signal that is used for timing generator as shown in fig. 1, and the 3rd output signal that is used for timing generator as shown in Figure 4) difference, make the timing difference that produces switching noise at every horizontal line, described every horizontal signal is used for V φ generator and produces V φ pulse as triggering.Yet, the V φ pulse that produces by timing generator, it is enough producing switching noise for horizontal line separately in different timings.For example, the V φ pulse by V φ generator produces can output to timing generator via delay circuit, with by being made the retardation difference by delay circuit, is producing switching noise for the different timing of horizontal line separately.
If the different timing T1 of every horizontal line to the width of T12 (by the indicated period of mark X among Fig. 8, hereinafter referred to as width at random) value that is set to fix, and it is irrelevant with the type and the imaging mode of CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus, and do not consider according to the type of CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus and the different valid pixel period of imaging mode, then valid pixel is divided into the zone that may the produce switching noise zone of mark A indication (among the Fig. 8 by) period, and the zone (zone of indicating by mark B among the figure) that can not produce switching noise, make in a screen, can form the color shade.Similarly, when the rising of noticing any V φ pulse or decline, each overlapping period of V φ pulse, (T1 was to T2, T2 is to T3, T3 is to T4, T4 is to T5, T5 is to T6, T6 is to T7, T7 is to T8, T8 is to T9, T9 is to T10, T10 is to T11, and T11 is to each period of T12) be divided into may produce switching noise the zone (for example, when noticing the rising timing of V φ 1, the zone of indicating by mark C among Fig. 8), and the zone that can not produce switching noise (for example, when noticing the rising timing of V φ 1, among Fig. 8 by the zone of mark D indication), make in the overlapping period of V φ pulse, to form the color shade.
If fixed random machine width degree, then according to the type and the imaging mode of CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus, V φ pulse can enter to subsequently level transmission from level the preceding the period of transmitting period.In this situation, can not set up the vertical register transmission.
Therefore, require on a screen, and in the overlapping period of V φ pulse, produce switching noise fifty-fifty, and determine width at random, to allow common vertical register transmission.For this reason, in some cases, preferably will be at random width be arranged to fixed value, but be arranged to variable width at random.
The timing generator that can be arranged to variable width at random is described below.
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram that is equipped with the timing generator of the another example of using transmission pulse-generator circuit of the present invention.Being constructed as follows of timing generator 1 among the figure: horizontal direction counter 2, the decline of itself and horizontal-drive signal HD synchronously begins counting; PRM_OFFSET, its storage horizontal direction counter is timed to the regularly counting (Ta value) of T1 from the decline of horizontal-drive signal HD; First comparator 3, its counting and Ta value with the horizontal direction counter compares, and when the counting of horizontal direction counter reaches the Ta value, exports first output signal; With door 10, it exports second output signal by two input signals of input, and described two input signals are from first output signal of first comparator output and enable signal (EN signal at random) at random; RD counter 4, its by use from second output signal of door output as a reference, begin counting; Random number generator circuit 5, be used for decline by usage level synchronizing signal HD as triggering, determine RD_OFFSET value (the first random number generator circuit unit 5a (256 (base 256) random number generator circuits) as the arbitrary value in the predetermined period, the second random number generator circuit unit 5b (128 random number generator circuits), the 3rd circuit for generating random number device unit 5c (64 random number generator circuits), the 4th random number generator circuit unit 5d (32 random number generator circuits), and be used for selecting signal (selecting at random) according to the random number generator circuit of outside input, select the random number generator circuit unit selector 5e of one of first to the 4th random number generator circuit unit); Second comparator circuit 6 is used for the counting and the RD_OFFSET value of RD counter are compared, and when the counting of RD counter reaches the RD_OFFSET value, exports the 3rd output signal; Selector 11, it responds the switch of EN signal at random, by importing two input signals, export first output signal or the 3rd output signal, described two input signals are from the 3rd output signal of second comparator output and first output signal of exporting from first comparator; And V φ generator 7, it produces V φ pulse by using from first output signal of selector output or the 3rd output signal as triggering.Similar to the timing generator shown in Fig. 1, provide T counter in the V φ generator.
The operation of the timing generator of structure as shown in Figure 10 will be described below.Operation when the EN signal is " pass " at random is similar to the operation of the timing generator of another example that is equipped with above-mentioned application transmission pulse-generator circuit of the present invention.Therefore, hereinafter, the operation when the EN signal is for " opening " is at random only described.
In the timing generator of as shown in Figure 10 structure (random signal is " opening "), the decline of horizontal direction counter and horizontal-drive signal HD synchronously begins counting, described synchronizing signal HD is the signal of outside input, and when the counting of horizontal direction counter reached the Ta value that is stored among the PRM_OFFSET, first comparator was exported first output signal.
Since from first output signal of first comparator output and at random the EN signal be imported into, therefore when the EN signal is in " opening " state at random, from exporting second output signal with door, the RD counter is by using from second output signal of first comparator output as a reference, begin counting, and when the counting of RD counter reached the RD_OFFSET value of being determined by random number generator circuit, second comparator circuit was exported the 3rd output signal.
Select signal according to the random number generator circuit that is input in the random number generator circuit unit selector, select which of first to the 4th random number generator circuit unit to determine the RD_OFFSET value, and can control changeably by.
Because be imported into selector from the 3rd output signal of second comparator output and first output signal of exporting from first comparator, therefore when the EN signal was in " opening " state at random, selector was exported the 3rd output signal.By using the 3rd output signal as triggering, V φ generator produces V φ 1 to V φ 6 pulses, makes that can obtain a horizontal vertical register transmits pulse.
In the timing generator that is equipped with above-mentioned application transmission pulse-generator circuit of the present invention, this at random width can be set to variable.This at random width can in 32,64,128 and 256 random numbers, optionally switch.
Preferably, this at random width X be set to produce to V φ pulse after period period of mark Tc indication (among the Fig. 8 by) of termination in valid pixel period substantially the same.By such setting, need not valid pixel is divided into zone that may produce switching noise and the zone that can not produce switching noise period, switching noise just can suppress the generation of color shade in the screen, because can produce in the All Ranges of valid pixel in period.
Preferably, this at random width X be set to substantially the same with the overlapping period of V φ pulse.By such setting, be divided into zone that may produce switching noise and the zone that can not produce switching noise the overlapping period with V φ pulse of need not, switching noise just can be suppressed at the generation of color shade in overlapping period of V φ pulse, because can produce in the All Ranges in the overlapping period of V φ pulse.
When width is set according to the type of CCD type solid-state image pickup apparatus and imaging mode at random, may must avoid normally to carry out the phenomenon of vertical transmission.Further, when watching actual output image, can satisfy and adjust the needs of width at random in the Performance Evaluation position.Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the timing generator of the expression distortion that is equipped with another example of using transmission pulse-generator circuit of the present invention.Being constructed as follows of timing generator 1 shown in the figure: horizontal direction counter 2, the decline of itself and horizontal-drive signal HD synchronously begins counting; PRM_OFFSET, its storage horizontal direction counter is timed to the regularly counting (Ta value) of T1 from the decline of this horizontal-drive signal HD; First comparator 3, its counting and Ta value with the horizontal direction counter compares, and when the counting of horizontal direction counter reaches the Ta value, exports first output signal; With door 10, it exports second output signal by two input signals of input, and described two input signals be first output signal exported from first comparator and EN signal at random; The one RD counter 4a, its by use from second output signal of door output as a reference, begin counting; First random number generator circuit 12 (32 random number generator circuits), it is used for decline by usage level synchronizing signal HD as triggering, determines the arbitrary value in the predetermined period; Second comparator 6, it is used for the output valve of the counting of a RD counter and first random number generator circuit is compared, and when the counting of a RD counter reaches the output valve of first random number generator circuit, exports the 3rd output signal; The 2nd RD counter 4b, it begins counting by using from the 3rd output signal of second comparator output as a reference; Second random number generator circuit 13 is (though not shown, but be similar to the above-mentioned random number generator circuit that is equipped with another example of using transmission pulse-generator circuit of the present invention, being constructed as follows of this second random number generator circuit: the 5th random number generator circuit unit (1 random number generator circuit); The 6th random number generator circuit unit (2 random number generator circuits); The 7th random number generator circuit unit (3 random number generator circuits); The 8th random number generator circuit (4 random number generator circuits); The 9th random number generator circuit unit (5 random number generator circuits); The tenth random number generator circuit unit (6 random number generator circuits); The 11 random number generator circuit unit (7 random number generator circuits); The 12 random number generator circuit unit (8 random number generator circuits); And random number generator circuit unit selector, it is used for selecting signal (selecting at random) according to the random number generator circuit of outside input, select one of the 5th to the 12 random number generator circuit unit)), decline by usage level synchronizing signal HD is as triggering, determine the RD_OFFSET value, this value is the arbitrary value in the predetermined period; The 3rd comparator 14 is used for the counting and the RD_OFFSET value of the 2nd RD counter are compared, and when the counting of the 2nd RD counter reaches the RD_OFFSET value, exports the 4th output signal; With door 15, be used for exporting the 5th output signal by importing two input signals, described two input signals are from the 3rd output signal of second comparator output and the 4th output signal of exporting from the 3rd comparator; Selector 11, it is by two input signals of input, respond the switch of EN signal at random, export first output signal or the 5th output signal, described two input signals are from the 5th output signal of door output and from first output signal of first comparator output; And V φ generator 7, it produces V φ pulse by using from first output signal of selector output or the 5th output signal as triggering.
Above-mentioned being equipped with in the timing generator of using transmission pulse-generator circuit of the present invention, use two random number generator circuits, and multiplication output, make it possible to easily change a plurality of width at random.
That is to say, in the situation of as shown in Figure 10 timing generator, though about 4 at random the selection of width be practical, if the width quantity of selecting increases, then circuit scale becomes big.In this distortion, the figure place of the random number of the second random signal generator circuit (base) selects signal to determine by random number generator circuit.The random number of the figure place of determining in second random number generator circuit multiply by 32 random numbers that produced by first random number generator circuit.Therefore, need not to increase the scale of circuit, just can change 8 of random number width at random: 32 * 1=32 position, 32 * 2=64 position, 32 * 3=96 position, 32 * 4=128 position, 32 * 5=160 position, 32 * 6=192 position, 32 * 7=224 position and 32 * 8=256 position.
The present invention comprises and relates to the theme that Japanese patent application No. is JP2006-006652 and JP2006-283535 (submitting in Japan Patent office on January 13rd, 2006 and on October 18th, 2006), incorporates its full content at this by reference.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that according to design requirement and other factor in claim or its scope that is equal to, can realize various modifications, combination, sub-portfolio and change.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of transmission pulse-generator circuit is used to export vertical register and transmits pulse, comprising:
Transmit pulse control unit, be used to control with described vertical register transmit the rising of pulse and decline timing setting be in the predetermined period expectation regularly,
Wherein, described predetermined period is represented the period that the vertical register transmission does not affect adversely, and described expectation is regularly in every horizontal line and/or every and/or every frame difference.
2, transmission pulse-generator circuit according to claim 1, wherein, described predetermined period is basic identical the period that the valid pixel of after date stops period during with the generation of transmitting pulse to described vertical register.
3, transmission pulse-generator circuit according to claim 1, wherein, described predetermined period is substantially the same with the overlapping period that described vertical register transmits pulse.
4, a kind of transmission pulse-generator circuit comprises:
The reference signal output device is used to export the reference signal that is used to produce vertical register transmission pulse; And,
Transmit pulser unit, be used for, produce described vertical register and transmit pulse by using described reference signal as triggering,
Wherein, described reference signal is regularly exported in the expectation of described reference signal output device in predetermined period.
5, transmission pulse-generator circuit according to claim 4, wherein, described reference signal output device comprises:
First counter is used for counting with clock for referencial use;
First comparator is used for the counting and the predetermined value of described first counter are compared, and output signal;
Second counter is used for by using described signal as triggering described clock being counted;
Random number generator circuit is used for exporting arbitrary value in predetermined period; And,
Second comparator is used for the counting of described second counter and the output valve of described random number generator circuit are compared, and exports described reference signal.
6, transmission pulse-generator circuit according to claim 5, wherein, described random number generator circuit comprises: two or more random number generator circuit unit and selectors, this selector is selected in the described random number generator circuit unit alternatively, and the output of wherein said random number generator circuit is by the value of the random number generator circuit unit of described selector selection.
7, a kind of image pick up equipment with transmission pulse-generator circuit, described transmission pulse-generator circuit comprises:
The reference signal output device, it has: be used for first counter to counting with clock for referencial use; First comparator is used for comparing output signal by the counting and first predetermined value with described first counter; Second counter is used for by using described signal as triggering described clock being counted; And second comparator, be used for comparing the output reference signal by the counting and second predetermined value with described second counter; And,
Transmit pulser unit, it is used for producing vertical register and transmitting pulse by using described reference signal as triggering,
Wherein, described second predetermined value is the output valve of random number generator circuit, and described random number generator circuit is exported desired value in predetermined period.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006006652 | 2006-01-13 | ||
| JP006652/06 | 2006-01-13 | ||
| JP283535/06 | 2006-10-18 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101110912A CN101110912A (en) | 2008-01-23 |
| CN100581223C true CN100581223C (en) | 2010-01-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200710103577A Expired - Fee Related CN100581223C (en) | 2006-01-13 | 2007-01-13 | Transmission pulse generating circuit and image pickup equipment |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100581223C (en) |
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