CN100579495C - Fixable tufted laminate - Google Patents
Fixable tufted laminate Download PDFInfo
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- CN100579495C CN100579495C CN200380105487A CN200380105487A CN100579495C CN 100579495 C CN100579495 C CN 100579495C CN 200380105487 A CN200380105487 A CN 200380105487A CN 200380105487 A CN200380105487 A CN 200380105487A CN 100579495 C CN100579495 C CN 100579495C
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Abstract
The invention discloses an absorption material comprising a top plate, a bottom plate and an absorbing core between the top plate and the bottom plate. The top plate is equipped with a first side and a second side, the first side faces to the side of body, and the second side communicates with the absorbing core for keeping fluids communication. The top plate is also equipped with a first relatively hydrophobic component and a second relatively hydrophilic component. The relatively hydrophilic component extends through the relatively hydrophobic component and is positioned on two sides of the top plate. When the method of flooder acquisition and return percolation test is utilized to measure, the return percolation value of the absorbing material is less than 94 mg, and the fluid acquisition rate is approximately at least 0.10 milliliter per second.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to disposable absorbent article such as sanitary towel towards the health layer.Specifically, the present invention relates to have the top flat of improved fluid treatment character.
Background technology
Disposable absorbent article such as disposable diaper, incontinence product, catamenial products etc. are widely used, and people have carried out many effort and improve the effectiveness of these goods and functional.Usually, these goods have fluid penetrable towards health layer (being commonly referred to top flat), fluid impermeable towards clothes layer (being commonly referred to egative film) and be clipped in top flat and egative film between absorbent cores.Other parts as acquisition layer, inferior top flat and fixing closure element, also are known in the art.
The routine that is used for disposable absorbent article is towards the health layer, and promptly top flat is typically gushed out in improvement and shown to have compromise property between fluidic collection and the improvement aridity.For example, top flat is formed into hydrophilic relatively soaking rapidly and to gather the liquid of gushing out, but this same relative hydrophilic makes top flat near wearer's dermal sensation moistening,, has reduced drying property that is.Past has advised with various materials and has formed structure improved flooder collection or improved bleeding back are provided, but these character still interrelate, and one is inversely proportional to another.
Knownly in top flat, provide a certain amount of incompressible thickness to help to reduce to bleed back.For example, the film topsheet of known three-dimensional such as Procter ﹠amp; Gamble Co. sells
DRI-in the sanitary towel
Top flat is compared with typical non-woven material top flat can provide less bleeding back, that is, and and drying property preferably.Yet some consumers represent to dislike the thin polymer film top flat, and prefer the top flat that non-woven material is made.
In addition, known top flat typically is not used to absorb high viscosity fluid by specialized designs, as rare soft stool, Wound exudate, blood and menstruation.Therefore, typical top flat may leak, stain and the cutaneous health owing to Long contact time wearer's skin.
Therefore, need a kind of improved top flat that is used for disposable absorbent article, this top flat can provide improved drying property when higher flooder acquisition rate is provided.
In addition, need a kind of improved top flat that is used for disposable absorbent article, this top flat can provide the comfortable improvement drying property for the wearer when higher flooder acquisition rate is provided.
At last, need a kind of method that can make the top flat that is used for disposable absorbent article, described top flat can provide improved drying property when higher flooder acquisition rate is provided relatively inexpensively.
Summary of the invention
Disclose a kind of comprise top flat, egative film and be arranged on top flat and egative film between the absorbent article of absorbent cores.Described top flat has first side and second side, and described first side is towards bodyside, and described second side keeps fluid to be communicated with absorbent cores.Described top flat also has the first hydrophobic relatively relative hydrophilic parts with second of parts, and described hydrophilic relatively parts stretch out from hydrophobic relatively parts, and are set on two sides of top flat.When with the flooder collection with when bleeding back test determines, absorbent article shows the value of bleeding back that has less than about 94mg, and fluid acquisition speed is at least about 0.10 milliliters/second.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the fibroreticulate perspective view that is applicable to goods of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a fibroreticulate guide wire of alternative shape shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 is the profile in the 3-3 cross section of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the plane graph of a fibroreticulate part shown in the 4-4 among Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the perspective view that is used for fleece forming device of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional view of a device part shown in Figure 5.
Fig. 7 is the perspective view of a part of forming device that is applicable to a fibroreticulate embodiment of goods of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the enlarged perspective of a part that is applicable to the fleece forming device of goods of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the guide wire of alternative shape that is applicable to fibroreticulate another embodiment of goods of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the guide wire of alternative shape that is applicable to fibroreticulate another embodiment of goods of the present invention.
The plane graph that Figure 11 partly excises for sanitary towel of the present invention.
The perspective view that Figure 12 partly excises for sanitary tampons of the present invention.
Figure 13 to 15 is for being applicable to the fibroreticulate microphotograph of goods of the present invention.
Figure 16 is by the fluid acquisition of the made goods of fleece of the present invention and bleeds back datagram.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 represents to be applicable to the laminate web 1 of goods of the present invention, is designated hereinafter simply as fleece 1.Fleece 1 comprises two-layer at least.Described each layer refers to be generally the precursor web of plane, two dimension at this paper, as first precursor web 20 and second precursor web 21.Any one precursor web all can be thin film, non-woven material or woven web.Precursor web 20 and 21 (and any accessory fibers net) can engage by binding agent, thermal, combination of ultrasound etc., but does not preferably use binding agent or other adhesive-bonded form to engage.Following disclosed, the composition precursor web of fleece 1 can engage by the interlocked mechanical engagement that is produced by forming of tuft 6.
Fleece 1 has first side 3 and second side 5, and term " side " is used in and is generally in the planar two-dimensional fiber net common usage of (as have two lateral paper and thin film when being in common flat condition).Each precursor web 20 and 21 has first surface 12 and 13 respectively, and has second surface 14 and 15 (as shown in Figure 3) respectively.Fleece 1 has as vertical (MD) and horizontal (CD) of web manufacture field known to usually.Although the present invention can implement with thin polymer film and woven fleece, first precursor web 20 non-woven web that basic randomly oriented fiber constitutes of serving as reasons in preferred embodiments." basic random orienting " is meant the processing conditions owing to described precursor web, and the amount of possible MD (vertically) orientation fibers is higher than the amount of CD (laterally) orientation fibers, and vice versa.For example, spunbond and melt and spray in the processing continuously that a strand fiber is deposited in the support that vertically moves.Although the fibre orientation real " at random " of attempting to allow spunbond or melt-blown nonwoven knitmesh, the percentage ratio of common machine-direction oriented fiber with horizontal compare high slightly.In a preferred embodiment, second precursor web 21 is the non-woven webs that are similar to first precursor web 20, or thin polymer film, as polyethylene film.If desired, but this thin film perforate.
In one embodiment, first side 3 of fleece 1 is by the exposed parts of the first surface 13 of second precursor web 21 and at least one but preferred a plurality of discrete tufts 6 determines that described discrete tufts is the integral extensions branch of nonwoven first precursor web 20 fibers.Each tuft 6 all can comprise and a plurality ofly extends through second precursor web 21 and by the outside ring-type of their first surface 13, the fiber 8 of alignment.In another embodiment, each tuft 6 all can comprise many non-looped fibers 18 (as shown in Figure 3), and described non-looped fibers is protruding from first surface 13.In another embodiment, each tuft 6 all can comprise a plurality of fibers, and described fiber is the integral extensions branch of nonwoven first precursor web 20 and nonwoven second precursor web 21 both fibers.
Term used herein " non-woven web " refers to have interlaced but there is no the fleece of the individual fibers or the silk thread structure of repeat patterns such in woven or the braided fabric, and described woven or braided fabric does not typically have randomly oriented fiber.Non-woven web or fabric are formed by several different methods, and for example meltblown, spun-bond process, water acupuncture manipulation, water winding, air lay and bonded carded web method comprise the carded thermal.Quantitatively representing with gram every square metre (gsm) usually of adhesive-bonded fabric.Laminate web quantitatively be each combined basis weight of forming layer and any other optional feature.Fibre diameter is represented with micron usually; Fiber size can represent that also it is the unit of every fibre length weight with the dawn.Be applicable to goods of the present invention laminate web quantitatively can be 10gsm to 100gsm, this depends on the final use of described fleece 1.
" spun-bonded fibre " used herein is meant by the following method the fiber of the minor diameter that forms: molten thermoplastic material from a plurality of meticulous of spinning head and be generally circular capillary tube and be extruded as long filament, is reduced the filament diameter of extruding then fast.When being deposited on the collection surface, spun-bonded fibre is not clamminess usually.Spun-bonded fibre be generally successive and the average diameter (from least 10 sample) that has greater than 7 microns, more particularly, between about 10 microns and 40 microns.
Term used herein " meltblown " is meant the method for following formation fiber: with molten thermoplastic material by a plurality of meticulous, be generally circular die capillaries with fusion silk thread or filament be expressed into convergence high speed, be generally in gas (as the air) stream of heat, this air-flow attenuates to reduce its diameter the filament of molten thermoplastic, and this diameter can be to the microfibre diameter., when meltblown fibers still be clamminess by high velocity air deliver and be deposited on collection surface on, form the fleece of the meltblown fibers of random thereafter.Meltblown fibers is continuous or discontinuous microfibre, and common average diameter is less than 10 microns.
Term " polymer " used herein " generally include but be not limited to homopolymer, copolymer, for example block, grafting, random and alternate copolymer, terpolymer etc., and their blend and modifier.In addition, unless have in addition concrete determine term " polymer " " comprise all possible geometrical configuration of described material.Described configuration includes, but not limited to isotaxy, atactic, syndiotaxy and symmetrical at random.
Term used herein " one pack system " fiber is meant the fiber that only uses a kind of polymer to be shaped by one or more extruders.This and do not mean that eliminating a small amount of additive be used to dye by wherein having added, the fiber of a kind of polymer formation of antistatic property, lubricated, hydrophilic etc.These additives for example are used for painted titanium dioxide, exist with the content less than about 5% weight and more typical about 2% weight usually.
Term " bicomponent fibers " used herein " be meant and extrude from extruder separately by at least two kinds of different polymer but be spun the fiber that forms a fiber.Bicomponent fibre also refers to conjugate fibre or multicomponent fibre sometimes.Described polymer is arranged in the constant distinct zone of basic fixed position, and these regional cross sections with bicomponent fibre intersect and extend continuously along the length of bicomponent fibre.For example, the configuration of this bicomponent fibre can be that sheath/core pattern is arranged, and wherein a kind of polymer is centered on by another kind of polymer, or parallel type is arranged, the cake formula is arranged or " it is starlike " arranges.
Term used herein " biconstitutent fibre " is meant by same extruder extrudes fiber as at least two kinds of polymer formation of blend.Biconstitutent fibre does not have the various polymers compositionss in the basic fixed position of being arranged on completely different zone constant, that intersect with fiber cross section, and various polymer are not successive along the whole length of fiber usually, but are generally the shaping fibril of random start and end.Biconstitutent fibre also refers to multi-constituent fibre sometimes.
What term used herein " non-circular fiber " was described is the fiber with non-circular cross sections, and comprises as known in the art " shaped fibers " and " capillary pipe fiber ".These fibers can be solid or hollow, and they can be trilobal, Δ shape, and preferably have the fiber of capillary channel at its outer surface.Capillary channel can be various shape of cross sections, as " U-shaped ", " H shape ", " C shape ", " V-arrangement ".A preferred capillary pipe fiber is T-401, called after 4DG fiber, and available from TN, the Fiber Innovation Technologies of Johnson City.The T-401 fiber is polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
Term used herein " integral body " " integral extensions " of tuft 6 (as be used for) is meant the fiber of the fiber source of tuft 6 from precursor web 20 and/or 21.Therefore, the fibrae circulares 8 of tuft 6 and non-looped fibers 18 can be 20 plastic deformations of first precursor web and the fiber that stretches out, and are one with first precursor web 20 therefore.Similarly, are the embodiments that comprise the non-woven material of similar extensible fibers for second precursor web 21 wherein, the fiber of second precursor web 21 can help to form tuft 6." integral body " used herein be to be used for being different from the fiber of introducing or joining in order to make tuft in the independent precursor web, for example, resembles common doing in the conventional carpet manufacture.
The quantity of tuft 6, spacing and size can change the texture that first side 3 of thinking fleece 1 provides variation.For example, if tuft 6 has fully close spacing, first side 3 of fleece 1 can have the sensation of terry cloth-like fabric.Alternatively, tuft 6 can have stronger texture, flexibility, stacking volume, absorbability or visual pattern captivation with a part that causes laminate web as the arranged in patterns of linear or filling shape.For example, when tuft 6 during with straight line or microgroove arranged in patterns, tuft can have the outward appearance of embroidery.Tuft 6 also can be arranged and form specific shape, for example style, letter or logo.Similarly, the size of single tuft 6 also can change as height, length and width.Single tuft can be about 3cm, and can make separately or be dispersed among the tuft of various sizes.
Should be appreciated that suitable nonwoven first precursor web 20 should comprise can stand enough plastic deformations and tensile elongation or have the ambulant fiber of enough fibers, thereby can form fibrae circulares 8.Yet people recognize that the fiber of the out-of-plane certain percentage of the first surface 12 that is pushed out first precursor web 20 will not form ring, and generation be fracture and form loose end.These fibers are called as " loose " fiber or " loose fiber ends " 18 as shown in Figure 3 at this paper.Loose fiber ends 18 is not necessarily undesirable for the present invention, and in some embodiments, the great majority of tuft 6 or whole fiber can be loose fiber ends 18.Loose fiber ends 18 also can be formed the result of tuft 6 by the non-woven web that short staple fiber is formed or comprised to short staple fiber.In this case, some artificial staple fiber ends may be projected among the tuft 6, and this depends on as the quantity of staple fiber in the fleece, staple fiber cut length, and these situations such as height of tuft.
In order to be used as the top flat among the present invention, first precursor web 20 is compared with second precursor web 21 can be relative hydrophilic.In a preferred embodiment, to compare with goods wearer's of the present invention skin also be hydrophilic to first precursor web 20.So, can soak the fiber of first precursor web, utilize capillarity to be directed to the lower part of goods of the present invention by the opening 4 of second precursor web 21 then with top flat fluid in contact of the present invention.Though do not think that hydrophilic or hydrophobic actual measurement are very crucial (the only relative hydrophilic/hydrophobic between first precursor web 20 and second precursor web 21), but usually, if first precursor web 20 shows spending less than about 70 with water contact angle of having, can think that then it is hydrophilic.If first precursor web is not natural hydrophilic (that is, polymer property is not hydrophilic), then available methods known in the art make it become hydrophilic, for example, surfactant are applied to fiber and/or fleece.
The representative tuft 6 of the embodiment of fleece 1 shown in Figure 1 is shown among Fig. 2 with the view of further amplification.As shown in the figure, tuft 6 comprises a plurality of fibrae circulares 8, and described fibrae circulares substantial alignment makes tuft 6 have tangible linear orientation and longitudinal axes L.Tuft 6 also has the axis T that is orthogonal to longitudinal axes L usually in the MD-CD plane.In embodiment as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, longitudinal axes L is parallel to MD.In one embodiment, all isolated tufts 6 all have parallel longitudinal axes L usually.Tuft 6 number of per unit area fleece 1, i.e. the area density of tuft 6, can from per unit area for example 1 bunch every square centimeter change to the highest 100 bunches every square centimeter.Every square centimeter can have at least 10 or at least 20 tufts 6, and this depends on final use.Usually, be not required for consistently in the whole area inner area density of fleece 1, but tuft 6 can only exist at some region memory of fleece 1, for example has reservation shape, as the zone of linear, bar shaped, band shape, circle etc.
Can recognize that by this paper explanation in many embodiments of fleece 1, opening 4 will have tangible linear orientation and longitudinal axis, this opening is oriented the longitudinal axes L of the tuft 6 that is parallel to its correspondence.Similarly, opening 4 also will have the axis of pitch that is orthogonal to longitudinal axis in the MD-CD plane usually.
Shown in Fig. 1 to 4, tuft 6 extends through the opening 4 in second precursor web 21.Opening 4 forms by making second precursor web, 21 partial fracture according to the method that describes in detail below, perhaps the fiber of second precursor web 21 is released outside the plane and formed in the mode that is similar to fiber 8.Breaking to relate to simply splitting of second precursor web 21, makes opening 4 remain a simple two-dimensional hole.Yet for some material such as thin polymer film, part second precursor web 21 can be deflected or release the outer structure that forms the flap shape in plane (that is, the plane of second precursor web 21), and this paper is called fin 7.The shape of fin 7 and structure height depend on the material property of second precursor web 21.Fin 7 can have the ordinary construction of one or more fins, as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2.In other embodiment, fin 7 can have the structure that more resembles the volcano shape, comes out from fin 7 eruptions as tuft 6.
In one embodiment, fin 7 is not significantly contributed the material of tuft 6, and especially the tactile qualities of tuft 6 is not significantly contributed.Therefore, laminate web 1 comprises two-layer at least (that is, precursor web 20 and 21) in one embodiment, but wherein at least one deck (that is the precursor web among Fig. 1 to 4 21) tactile qualities of tuft 6 is not produced appreciable impact.
In one embodiment, fin 7 can significantly stretch out outside the plane, even we can say the same high with tuft 6 itself.In this embodiment, fin 7 can cause tuft 6 to have elastic force more and be not easy more flattening owing to the effect of compression or bending force.Therefore, in one embodiment, laminate web 1 comprises two-layer at least (that is, precursor web 20 and 21), and the two-layer tactile qualities that all influences tuft 6.
In some sense, tuft 6 can " pass " second precursor web 21 and be " locked " in position by the friction engagement with opening 4.For example, in certain embodiments, the transverse width of opening 4 (that is, being parallel to the size that its axis of pitch records) can be less than the Breadth Maximum (through method described below) of the tooth that forms opening.This is illustrated in a certain amount of recovery of opening part and is tending towards constrain tuft 6 and outwards is pulled via opening 4.The friction engagement of tuft and opening 4 provides and need not binding agent or thermal and form have the laminate web structure of permanent tuft a side.
Tuft 6 can get close enough at interval so that effectively cover first side 3 of fleece 1.In such embodiment, the both sides of fleece 1 seem all to comprise the non-woven fibre that becomes one with first precursor web 20, and the difference between two sides 3 and 5 is the difference of superficial makings.Therefore, in one embodiment, top flat of the present invention can be described as the laminated material of two or more precursor web, and two sides of wherein said laminate web are all covered by the fiber from a precursor web only basically.Specifically, top flat of the present invention can be described as and comprise the first relative hydrophobic component (promptly, second precursor web 21) relative hydrophilic means with second (promptly, first precursor web 20), wherein said relative hydrophilic means extends through relative hydrophobic component, and be set on two sides (that is side 3 and 5) of described top flat.
Shown in Fig. 1 to 4, characteristics of tuft 6 can be fiber 8 or 18 significant direction alignment.For example, the fiber 8 of ring-type, alignment can be described to have planar effective vector component of the Z-CD of being parallel to or master vector component, and this fibrae circulares 8 has alignment orientation with respect to the axis T basically identical when observing in plan view (as Fig. 4)." ring-type " fiber 8 be meant the fiber 8 and first precursor web 20 and/or second precursor web 21 be one and beginning and ending in them, but first side 3 from fleece 1 extends outward on the Z direction.About " alignment " of the fibrae circulares 8 of tuft 6 thus be meant that fibrae circulares 8 is directed usually all, if in plane graph, observe as Fig. 4, each fibrae circulares 8 all has the effective vector component that is parallel to axis T, and preferably has the master vector component that is parallel to axis T.Although only shown fiber among Fig. 1 to 4 from first precursor web 20, but should understand this is because what show at these picture in pictures is thin film/non-woven web 1, wherein fibroreticulate elongation characteristics causes tension failure to form opening 4, and fiber 8 and/or 18 can stretch out from this opening.Be to be understood that if figure non-woven material/non-woven web 1, each precursor web 20 and 21 fiber all can form tuft 6, and in a kind of like this structure, tuft 6 can show to have stratified substantially structure, and the fiber of first precursor web 20 is arranged on the inside of tuft 6 usually.
On the contrary, non-looped fibers 18 and first or second precursor web 20 and/or 21 are one, but only originate in first or second precursor web 20 and/or 21, and have on the Z direction first side, the 3 outwardly directed free terminals from fleece 1.Loose fiber 18 also can have the alignment orientation of common unanimity, and this is described as has planar effective vector component of the Z-CD of being parallel to or master vector component.
For fibrae circulares 8 and loose fiber 18 for both and since use when making goods be wound on the roller or compression, described alignment is the feature of tuft 6 before any manufacturing after strain.As used herein, when in plane graph, observing, has the effective vector component that is parallel to axis T greater than the fibrae circulares 8 of miter angle orientation to depart from longitudinal axes L as Fig. 4.As used herein, when in plane graph, observing, has the master vector component that is parallel to axis T greater than the fibrae circulares 8 of angular orientations of 60 degree to depart from longitudinal axes L as Fig. 4.In a preferred embodiment, the fiber 8 of at least 50%, more preferably at least 70% and more preferably at least 90% tuft 6 has the effective vector component that is parallel to axis T, and more preferably is parallel to the master vector component of axis T.If desired, the orientation of fiber can use amplifier unit to determine, the microscope of suitable measurement scale for example is housed.Usually, for one section nonlinear fiber segment in viewed in plan view, longitudinal axes L and fibrae circulares 8 done all straight line is approximate to can be used to determine that fibrae circulares 8 departs from the angle of longitudinal axes L.For example, as shown in Figure 4, a fiber 8a shows emphatically with heavy line, and the approximate 8b of its straight line dots.This fiber becomes the angle (measuring counterclockwise from L) of about 80 degree with longitudinal axis.
The orientation of fibrae circulares 8 is to become correlated with fiber composition and first or second precursor web 20 with 21 orientation (if using non-woven web as second precursor web 21) in the tuft 6, for non-woven web, this orientation is described as having the alignment of fibers of basic random orienting best.In a woven web embodiment, the orientation of fibrae circulares 8 can be with identical as mentioned above in the tuft 6, but the fiber of weaving precursor web will have and be used for making the relevant orientation of this fibroreticulate concrete Weaving method (as, cubic weave patterns).
In the embodiment depicted in fig. 1, the longitudinal axes L of tuft 6 is arranged along the MD direction usually.Therefore, tuft 6 and longitudinal axes L can be arranged along any direction with respect to MD or CD in principle.Therefore, we can say usually that the fiber 8 of ring-type, alignment is arranged as usually and is orthogonal to longitudinal axes L and makes them have the effective vector component that is parallel to axis T, and more preferably has the master vector component that is parallel to axis T for each tuft 6.
In certain embodiments, because the method for optimizing of formation tuft 6 as described below, another characteristics that mainly comprise the tuft 6 of looped, aligned fibers 8 are its common hatch frames, and described structure is characterised in that the clearance gap district 10 that determines in tuft 6 inside." interstice coverage " is not meant complete zone without any fiber; This term is meant to be described the generality of tuft 6 overall appearance.Therefore, may be in some tuft 6, a loose fiber 18 or many loose fibers 18 may be present in the interstice coverage 10." opening " interstice coverage is meant that the vertical end of two of tuft 6 normally opens wide and does not have fiber, makes tuft 6 can form some like this under uncompressed state and resemble " tunnel " structure, as shown in Figure 3.
A kind of mode of describing fleece 1 structure is with regard to the three-dimensional fiber orientation on the Z direction, for example, and as shown in Figure 3.As shown in Figure 3, distinguishablely go out at least three " zone ", each zone identifies with a part of fleece 1 on the Z direction.Be named as the bottom portion in zone 1, the fleece of Z1 1 and extend to the upper surface 13 of second precursor web 21 usually from the lower surface 14 of first precursor web 1, and comprise the basic non-reorientable fiber of first and second precursor web.The fiber of Z1 has very small amount of Z direction with respect to CD-MD plane substantial horizontal orientation.Zone 2, Z2, usually extend to the inner boundary of interstice coverage 10 from the upper surface 13 of second precursor web 21, and comprise the fiber that redirects substantially, described fiber is vertical orientated substantially with respect to the CD-MD plane, that is to say that the fiber in the regional Z2 mainly is orientated in the Z direction, and very small amount of CD or MD direction are arranged.In the zone 3 that comprises tuft 6 end portion 31 fibers, among the Z3, fiber is with respect to the common again horizontal alignment in CD-MD plane.Therefore, in one embodiment, fleece 1 is from the textural non-woven web that is described as, it determines this fibroreticulate plane under smooth usually state, described fleece comprises a bunch shape district, described bunch of shape district has three zones, each zone is characterised in that regional fiber alignment, wherein the first and the 3rd zone comprises having the fiber that is basically parallel to planar first orientation of fleece, and second area is between the first and the 3rd zone and connect the first and the 3rd zone, described second area comprises the fiber with second orientation, second orientation is orthogonal to fibroreticulate first plane substantially, that is to say, be not basically parallel to the part of the described fleece first plane orientation substantially.
Be used as in the preferred embodiment of disposable product top flat at a fleece 1, two precursor web 20 and 21 are non-woven web, second precursor web 21 is hydrophobic relatively with respect to first precursor web 20 (and skin or hair of preferred wearer) simultaneously, and both are tuft 6 contribution fibers with relative layer mode.In this top flat, describe more comprehensively as Figure 10, fiber can be hydrophobic relatively near the major part (if not all) of wearer's skin, make so relatively dried fiber can be near wearer's skin.Yet by having to the side path in tuft 6 spaces 10, fluid can contact the relative hydrophilic fibers of first precursor web 20, and passes through fleece 1 wicking extremely as the inferior top flat of absorbent article or the parts the absorbent cores.
Because method for optimizing of making fleece 1, second side 5 of fleece 1 shows to have is interrupted 16, the tooth that it is characterized in that being generally the former that linear breach (this breach is determined by original random fiber of the second surface 14 of first precursor web 20) described in detail below directionally (promptly, as shown in figs. 1 and 3, be orthogonal to MD-CD planar " Z direction " usually) be advanced in the tuft 6.The flip-flop of the shown orientation that has of fiber of first precursor web, 20 original random orientings has been determined to be interrupted 16, and its demonstration has rectilinearity makes it can be described to have the longitudinal axis of the longitudinal axes L that is parallel to tuft 6 usually.Because as the character of many non-woven webs of first precursor web 20, be interrupted 16 may not resemble the tuft 6 clearly visible.For this reason, the interruption 16 on second side 5 of fleece 1 do not observe and may detect usually less than, unless scrutiny fleece 1.Equally, second side 5 of fleece 1 can have the outward appearance and the sense of touch of non-bunch of shape first precursor web 20.Therefore in certain embodiments, fleece 1 has the look and feel of the band texture of towelling on first side 3, and on second side 5, has smooth relatively, softish the look and feel, these two sides constitute by the fiber from same non-woven web (that is first precursor web 20).In other embodiments, be interrupted 16 and can be rendered as the hole, and may be the hole of passing fleece 1 via the end of tunnel-like tufts 6.
From to the narration of the fleece 1 that comprises at least one nonwoven first precursor web 20 as can be seen, the fiber 8 of tuft 6 or fiber 18 can originate from and extend the first surface 12 or the second surface 14 of first precursor web 20.Certainly the fiber 8 or the fiber 18 of tuft 6 also can extend out from the inside 28 of first precursor web 20.The fiber 8 of tuft 6 or fiber 18 extend owing to (that is, being pushed out in " Z direction " as shown in Figure 3) outside the plane that has been pushed out first precursor web 20 that is generally two dimension.Usually, the fiber 8 of tuft 6 or fiber 18 comprise the fiber that the fiber with precursor web 20 or 21 becomes one and extends from it.
Therefore, be understood that from the above description in one embodiment, fleece 1 can be described as the laminate web that is formed by the selectivity mechanically deform of at least the first and second precursor web, at least described first precursor web is a non-woven web, described laminate web has first side and second side, described first side comprises second precursor web and a plurality of discrete tufts, and each discrete tufts comprises a plurality of clustered fibers that divide and extend through second precursor web at least the first precursor fiber integral extensions; Described second side comprises first precursor web.
Because the plastic deformation and the Poisson's ratio effect of fiber, fiber 8 or 18 elongation may be accompanied by totally reducing of the fiber cross sectional dimension diameter of circular fiber (for example, for).Therefore, the alignment fibrae circulares 8 of tuft 6 fiber diameter that can have is less than the fiber diameter of the fiber of first or second precursor web 20 or 21.It is believed that the flexibility that the minimizing of this fibre diameter helps fleece 1 first side 3 to aware, depend on the material property of first precursor web 20, this flexibility can compare favourably with cotton towel cloth.Found the reduce maximum of tuft 6 in the mid portion fiber cross sectional dimension of base portion 17 and end portion 3.Believe that this is owing to causing as following more detailed disclosed preferable production process.In simple terms, it is believed that below the part fiber at tuft 6 base portions 5 and end portion 3 places is contiguous the top of the tooth 110 of roller 104 in greater detail, and in the course of processing by friction lock and fixing.Thereby the mid portion of tuft 6 is more free to stretch, or prolongs, and therefore, can experience reducing of corresponding fiber cross sectional dimension.
With reference to figure 5, the apparatus and method of making fleece 1 have been shown.Device 100 comprises pair of meshing roller 102 and 104, and each roller is all around axle A rotation, and described axle A is parallel in same plane.Roller 102 comprises a plurality of protruding 106 and corresponding grooves 108, and its whole circumference around roller 102 is intactly extended.Roller 104 is similar to roller 102, but be not the projection that has around the complete extension of whole circumference of roller 102, roller 104 comprises the projection that many rows circumferentially extend, and this projection has been modified into the circumferentially spaced tooth 110 of several rows, and this tooth extends with spaced relationship around at least a portion roller 104.Each toothrow 110 of roller 104 is separated by corresponding grooves 112.On-stream, roller 102 and 104 intermeshes and makes the projection 106 of roller 102 put in the groove 112 of roller 104, and the tooth 110 of roller 104 puts in the groove 108 of roller 102.This engagement is illustrated in greater detail in the cross-sectional view of the Fig. 6 that discusses below.Roller 102 and 104 both or one of them can heat by methods known in the art, for example use deep fat to fill roller or electric heating roller.
In Fig. 5, device 100 is shown as the preferred configuration of the fluted roller 102 with knurling rolls (as roller 104) and a non-embossing.Yet it may be preferred using two knurling rolls 104 in certain embodiments, and these two knurling rolls are in that the same respective regions or the different respective regions of roller have identical or different patterns separately.Such device can be produced the fleece with tuft 6, and described tuft 6 stretches out from the both sides of fleece 1.
The method of making fleece 1 with the continuation method of commericially feasible is depicted among Fig. 5.Fleece 1 is made by mechanically deform precursor web (as first and second precursor web 20 and 21), its each be generally plane and two dimension all can being described as by device first being processed shown in Figure 5." planar " and " two dimension " only is meant that fleece begins processing with the flat condition with respect to finished fiber net 1, and described finished fiber net is because the formation of tuft 6 has three-dimensional tangible, out-of-plane, the Z direction." planar " and " two dimension " do not refer to comprise any special glacing flatness, smoothness or dimension.
Method and apparatus of the present invention is similar to the United States Patent (USP) 5 of called after " Web MaterialsExhibiting Elastic-Like Behavior " in many aspects, 518,801 described methods, and in patent documentation afterwards, be called as " SELF " fleece, " SELF " representative " structural elasticity shape thin film ".Yet, have marked difference between the disclosed apparatus and method in apparatus and method of the present invention and ' 801 patents, thereby difference is obvious in the fleece of making separately.As described below, the tooth 110 of roller 104 has concrete how much character relevant with forward position and tailing edge, and its forward position allows basic " wearing " the relative excessively precursor web 20,21 of tooth with tailing edge, makes the fleece distortion in itself.In a double-layer lamination fleece 1, tooth 110 promotes fiber 8 and passes formation tuft 6, and described tooth 110 is released the fiber of precursor web 20 and 21 outside the plane.Therefore, fleece 1 can have " tunnel-like " tuft 6 of the tuft 6 that comprises loose fiber ends 18 and/or ring-type, aligned fibers 8, described tuft 6 extends through and away from the surface 13 of first side 3, do not resemble SELF fibroreticulate " tent like " rib linear element, its each all have the continuous side walls that is attached thereto, that is, successive " transitional region ", and it does not show to have the mutual perforation that one deck passes another layer.
When the top of tooth 110 pushes through first and second precursor web 20,21, the part fiber that mainly is oriented to the first precursor precursor web 20 (with in certain embodiments, second precursor web 21) of the CD direction of intersecting with tooth 110 is released outside the plane of first precursor web 20 by tooth 110.Fiber can be pushed out outside the plane owing to fiber moves, or they can be released outside the plane by stretching and/or plastic deformation on the Z direction.Released out-of-plane part precursor web by tooth 110 and cause on first side 3 of fleece 1, forming tuft 6.Mainly be orientated and be parallel to longitudinal axes L usually, promptly the precursor web 20 of MD direction and 21 fiber are simply trailed by tooth 110 as shown in Figure 1, and keep the state of their original random orientings substantially.Here it is why in embodiment (this as shown in Fig. 1 to 4) fibrae circulares 8 can show reason with unique fiber alignment, this fibrae circulares 8 accounts for the significant percentage of each tuft 6 fiber, and described tuft 6 has the effective vector component or the master vector component of the axis T that is parallel to tuft 6.
Can recognize that by above-mentioned explanation when fleece 1 usefulness apparatus and method of the present invention prepared, precursor web 20,21 can have with precursor web destroyed the relevant differing material properties of (as owing to tensile stress is destroyed) preceding elongation ability.In one embodiment, nonwoven first precursor web 20 can have than bigger fiber mobility of second precursor web 21 and/or bigger elongation characteristics relative, make its fiber can fully move or stretch to form tuft 6, second precursor web 21 is broken simultaneously, that is, be not stretched to the needed degree of formation tuft.In another embodiment, second precursor web 21 can have bigger fiber mobility and/or bigger elongation characteristics relative with respect to first precursor web 20, makes first and second precursor web 20 and 21 all form tuft 6 like this.In another embodiment, second precursor web 21 can have bigger fiber mobility and/or bigger elongation characteristics relative with respect to first precursor web 20, make the fiber of second precursor web 21 can fully move or stretch like this to form tuft 6, first precursor web 20 is broken simultaneously, that is, be not stretched to formation tuft 6 necessary degree.
The fiber of nonwoven precursor web can stretch out outside the plane and plastic-less deformation's degree can be depending on the degree of precursor web inter-fiber.For example, if the fiber of nonwoven precursor web only is that very loosely is entangled to each other, they will be easier slide (promptly moving with respect to adjacent fibre by reptation) between mutually so, and therefore easier stretching out with the formation tuft on the plane outside.On the other hand, the fiber of the nonwoven precursor web of more bonding (for example by a large amount of thermal point bond, water entanglement method etc.) will more may need to stretch out out-of-plane tuft and has plastic deformation greatly.Therefore, in one embodiment, precursor web 20 or 21 can be the non-woven web with relatively low inter-fibre-bond, and another precursor web 20 or 21 can be to have adherent non-woven web between relative higher fiber, make the extended plane of fiber of a precursor web like this, and the fiber of another precursor web can not stretch out the plane.Randomly, precursor web 20 or 21 may have moderate inter-fibre-bond, it makes the combination maximization of fiber mobility and fleece stability, described fiber mobility makes fiber more easily stretch out planar profile to become tuft, and described fleece stability makes the fracture of tuft minimum.
In one embodiment, for given maximum strain (as, the strain that is applied by device 100 tooth 110), useful is that second precursor web 21 is really broken under the tensile load that strain produced that applies.That is to say, for including only or mainly comprise for the tuft 6 of first precursor web, 20 fibers on first side 3 that will be arranged on fleece 1, second precursor web 21 must have enough low fiber mobility (if having) and/or relatively low elongation at break so that it under strain local (promptly, at strain regions) break, thereby produce opening 4, tuft 6 can stretch out from this opening.
In another embodiment, second precursor web 21 that useful is is producing strained regional internal strain or stretching but is not breaking, and makes tuft 6 comprise the part second precursor net 21 like this.
In one embodiment, the elongation at break of second precursor web 21 is in 1% to 5% scope.Though the elongation at break of actual needs depends on the strain that causes forming fleece 1, but can recognize that for most of embodiments second precursor web 21 can show that the fleece elongation at break that has is 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10% or bigger.Can recognize that also actual elongation at break can be depending on strain rate, it is the function of linear velocity for device as shown in Figure 5.Being used for fibroreticulate elongation at break of the present invention can measure with methods known in the art, as the standard tension test method of using standard tension test device (as Instron, MTS, those that Thwing-Albert produces) etc.
For first precursor web 20, second precursor web 21 can have lower fiber mobility (if having) and/or lower elongation at break (promptly, the elongation at break of single fiber, perhaps if thin film, be the elongation at break of thin film) make that second precursor web 21 is not to stretch out the degree that arrives tuft 6 outside the plane, but in that tension force dies down under the strain that tuft 6 produced by forming, as tooth 110 by device 100.In one embodiment, if second precursor web, 21 relative first precursor web 20 show to have the feasible words completely of enough low elongation at break, the fin 7 relative tufts 6 of opening 4 only stretch out outside the plane a little.Usually, the embodiment that mainly comprises first precursor web, 20 fibers for tuft 6, it is believed that elongation at break that second precursor web 21 should have is than first precursor web 20 little at least 10%, preferred little at least 30%, more preferably little by at least 50%, even more preferably little of 100% than first precursor web 20.Being used for fibroreticulate relative elongation at break values of the present invention can measure with methods known in the art, as the standard tension test method of using standard tension test device (as Instron, MTS, those that Thwing-Albert produces) etc.
In one embodiment, second precursor web 21 can comprise basic all fibers of MD orientation, and as bunch fiber, making does not have the fiber of CD orientation substantially.For the embodiment of such fleece 1, the fiber of second precursor web 21 can separate at opening 4 places that tuft 6 stretches out easily.Therefore, in this embodiment, the elongation at break that second precursor web 21 needn't have any minimum is not because breaking and rupturing of material is the mode that forms opening 4.
The quantity of tuft 6, spacing and big I by changing tooth 110 quantity, spacing and size and pair roller 104 and/or roller 102 carry out corresponding change in size and change in case of necessity.This change makes together with possible variation in the precursor web 20,21 manyly to have the various different fleeces 1 that are used for the fluid treatment character of disposable absorbent article and become possibility.Following described more comprehensively, the fleece 1 that comprises the combination of nonwoven/film first precursor web/second precursor web also can be used as the parts in the disposable absorbent article.Yet the combination of nonwoven/nonwoven precursor web/second precursor web also is suitable for, and wherein two fibroreticulate fibers all have contribution to tuft 6.
Fig. 6 represents part nip roller 102 and 104 and the projection 106 and the cross section of tooth 110.As shown, tooth 110 has tooth depth TH and (notices that TH also can be applicable to height of projection; Tooth depth and height of projection equate in a preferred embodiment) and the section of being called apart from tooth-space width (or projection-protruding spacing) of P.As shown, depth of engagement E is measuring of roller 102 and 104 engagements, and measures from top to the top of tooth 110 of projection 106.Depth of engagement E, tooth depth TH and section can change according to the character of precursor web 20,21 and the desirable characteristics of fleece 1 if desired apart from P.For example, usually, mesh degree E is big more, and it is big more that part will form essential percentage elongation or fiber-fiber mobility that the fiber of the precursor web of tuft must have.Equally, the required density (tuft 6 on the per unit area fleece 1) of tuft 6 is big more, and section is apart from should be more little, and the long TL of tooth and tooth pitch TD should be more little, and is as described below.
Fig. 7 represents to have an embodiment of the roller 104 of a plurality of teeth 110, this roller can be used for by quantitatively between about 60gsm and 100gsm, preferably nonwoven first precursor web 20 of about 80gsm and density be about 0.91 to 0.94 and quantitative for the polyolefin film of about 20gsm (as, polyethylene or polypropylene) second precursor web, 21 manufacturing fleeces 1.
The zoomed-in view of tooth 110 as shown in Figure 8.In this embodiment of roller 104, tooth 110 has consistent circumferential length size TL, and 111 tailing edge TE is measured as about 1.25mm from forward position LE to tooth top usually, and on circumference evenly spaced apart mutually with about 1.5mm apart from TD.For quantitatively making terry-cloth web 1 at about 60 fleeces 1 to about 100gsm scope by total, the length T L scope that the tooth 110 of roller 104 can have is that about 0.5mm is to about 3mm, and spacing TD is that about 0.5mm is to about 3mm, tooth depth TH scope for about 0.5mm to about 5mm, and section apart from P between about 1mm (0.040 inch) and about 5mm (0.200 inch).Depth of engagement E can be about 0.5mm to about 5mm (equaling tooth depth TH up to maximum).Certainly, E, P, TH, TD and TL can change size, spacing and the area density (tuft 6 numbers in the per unit area fleece 1) to obtain required tuft 6 independently of each other.
As shown in Figure 8, each tooth 110 has top 111, forward position LE and tailing edge TE.Tooth top 111 is elongated and is generally portrait orientation, and is consistent with the longitudinal axes L of tuft 6 and interruption 16.It is believed that the looped tufts 6 that rises bunch for the fleece 1 that obtains being described as being terry cloth-like, LE and TE should fully almost be orthogonal to the local periphery surface 120 of roller 104.Best, from the top 111 and the transition of LE or TE should be acute angle, as the right angle, have enough little radius of curvature and make tooth 110 can push through second precursor web 21 in LE and TE place.Be not bound by theory, it is believed that the top transition that has into relative acute angle between the top of tooth 110 and LE and the TE makes that tooth 110 can " neatly ", that is to say, local and clearly penetrate precursor web 20,21, make first side 3 of gained fleece 1 can be described as " bunch shape " rather than " distortion " like this.When adding man-hour like this, except that the elasticity that precursor web 20 and 21 may have at first, fleece 1 is not endowed any special elasticity.
Under the higher line speed conditions, promptly higher relatively fleece is by the process velocity of rotation roller 102 and 104 roll gaps, and same material can make tuft 6 show to have very different structures.Tuft 6 shown in Fig. 9 is structurally similar with the tuft shown in Fig. 2, but show and have very different structures, the structure that looks like typical spunbond nonwoven first precursor web 20 promptly, is processed to form tuft 6 under the high strain rate under relatively at a high speed.The typical case of this structure be tuft 6 near part, i.e. the end portion of base portion 7 and tuft 6, promptly broken fiber between the top 31 and tuft 6 tops look like those of fiber " bunch clump " 19.Bunch clump 19 comprises the fibrae circulares 8 of not fracture and is supported by it at the top of tuft 6, and comprises no longer the part broken fiber 11 that becomes one with first precursor web 20.That is to say that bunch clump 19 comprised original and precursor web 20 isolating pars fibrosa on the precursor web 20 fully for one but after (as the linear velocity of 30 meters of per minutes in method as described in Figure 5) under the sufficiently high linear velocity processes.
Therefore, be understood that from the above description in one embodiment, fleece 1 can be described as the laminate web that is formed by the selectivity mechanically deform of at least the first and second precursor web, at least described first precursor web is a non-woven web, described laminate web has first side, this first side comprises described second precursor web and a plurality of discrete tufts, and each discrete tufts comprises and becomes one with first precursor web but stretch out the fiber of first precursor web and be the fiber that one is not stretched out first precursor web again with first precursor web neither.
Although it is believed that at the observed obvious fiber alignment in the terminal part office of tuft 6, as bunch clump 19, mainly be because process velocity, but it is believed that also it also is subjected to the influence of other parameter, and quantitatively and can influence the adherent processing temperature of fiber-fiber as the fiber type of precursor web 20 and 21.Bunch clump of fiber it is believed that the top that appears at the tooth 110 of roller 104 adds relevant tuft 6 parts in man-hour.It is believed that fiber with fiber " locking " in position, thereby restriction elongate fiber and/or fiber move, and believe that these two kinds of mechanism make the formation of tuft 6 become possibility in the friction engagement of tooth tip.Therefore, in case we can say and be locked in the appropriate position, adjacent teeth 110 vertical fibers just can rupture, and because any entanglement of precursor web and because possible the cold welding that the fiber of pressure and friction causes, broken fiber 11 begins also to remain resident in bunch clump 19 of tuft 6 ends 3.
Precursor web with relative high basis weight has more relatively fiber 11 parts usually in bunch clump 19.In some sense, seem to seem in process of production near most of fibre compositions of the precursor web of tooth top portion 110 can be only in the Z direction by the end portion 3 of simple substitute to tuft 6, produce bunch clump 19.First precursor web 20 that comprises relative low elongation fiber or have a fiber of relatively low fiber-fiber mobility (as, relatively limited fiber surface wriggling ability) it seems that the fiber that can cause relatively small amount begins and remains resident in bunch clump 19 at tuft 6 terminal 3 places.Fiber-fiber mobility can fiber-fiber is bonding to be increased by reducing or eliminating.Heat bonding can be eliminated (that is, by there not being bonding avoiding) fully or reduce to increase fiber-fiber mobility in some non-woven web.Similarly, water thorn fleece can still less tangle to increase fiber-fiber mobility.For any precursor web 20, in first being processed as disclosed herein it being lubricated also to increase fiber-fiber mobility.For example, can before first precursor web 20 enters the roll gap 116 of roller 102 and 104, mineral oil lubricant be used thereon.In addition, plasticizer such as vaseline can be added in some plastic wire such as polyethylene or polyethylene and the polypropylene fiber net, to strengthen ductility.
Not bound by theory, it is believed that if the fiber of first precursor web has highly crooked shape as crimped fibre, compare with more linear fiber conformation so, gained tuft 6 will have more fibrae circulares 8 and less broken fiber 18.The chance that it is believed that the bridging between two adjacent teeth of this fiber conformation is less, and since they at it more than breakaway poing and be not easy to stretch, the chance that therefore forms complete circulus is bigger.In addition, these curvilinear-shaped fibers also can be made by using eccentric bicomponent fibers or side-by-side bicomponent fibre (as the bicomponent fibre of being made up of polyethylene and nylon).
Found some non-woven web, as comprise the carded web of staple length fiber, when as precursor web, in tuft 6, produce considerably less fibrae circulares 8, make the tuft 6 that in these fleeces, produces to be described as like this and comprise a plurality of fibers 8 as the described ring-type of above Fig. 1 to 4, alignment.But the carded non-woven web can produce have a small amount of (if any) ring-type, the tuft 6 of the unjustified and/or broken fiber 18 of aligned fibers 8 and a large amount of (if being not entirely).It is believed that the unjustified of fiber in the tuft of being made by carded web 6 is that part is because the character of carded web fibre composition.Staple fiber is not " endless ", but the predetermined length that has is similar to about 15mm to about 100mm, and more typical about 40mm is to about 80mm.Therefore, when carded web adds man-hour with the described device of Fig. 5, it is believed that to have very large this probability: the loose fibres end will be positioned at tuft 6 near, thereby in tuft 6, produce acyclic fiber ends.In addition, staple fiber does not have and for example identical elongation characteristics of spunbond or meltblown fibers usually.Yet even tuft 6 does not have fibrae circulares, fibrous tuft still provides softish beneficial effect, and obtains applicable to the fleece in the disposable absorbent article.
Therefore, be understood that from the above description in one embodiment, fleece 1 can be described as the laminate web that is formed by the selectivity mechanically deform of at least the first and second precursor web, at least described first precursor web is a non-woven web, described laminate web has first side, this first side comprises described second precursor web and a plurality of discrete tufts, and described tuft comprises and becomes one with described first area but stretch out a plurality of fibers of described first area.
In preferred embodiments, precursor web is a non-woven web, wherein exists minimum fiber-fiber bonding.For example, precursor web can be the non-woven web with pattern of discrete thermal point bonds, and this is normally known in art for nonwoven webs.Yet, it is believed that the minimum number that need make bounding point usually, and make that spacing is maximum to be moved and misplace so that have some fiber when tuft 6 is formed.Usually, utilize have big relatively diameter and/or high relatively elongation at break and/or relatively in or the high ambulant fiber of fiber can produce better and the tuft 6 of clearer shaping.
Although fleece 1 is disclosed in the two layer web of being made by two precursor web in preferred embodiments, it need not be confined to two-layer.For example, can make three layers or more laminated material by three or more precursor web, as long as the extended planar profile of one of precursor web becomes tuft.Usually, needn't use binding agent or other adhesive bonding method to make laminate web 1.The composition layer of fleece 1 (as, precursor web 20 and 21 and any other layer) can be maintained at aspectant lamination by " locking " effect of tuft 6 concern that described tuft stretches out from the opening 4 of second precursor web 21.In certain embodiments, may need to use binding agent or thermal or other adhesive bonding method, this depends on the final use of fleece 1.For example, comprise that the fleece 1 of bicomponent fibre non-woven web can be in that to form tuft 6 backs bonding so that the bonding of layer and layer to be provided by the convection current air, thus the bigger peel strength of acquisition and the tuft stability of increase.In addition, also may need binding agent is applied to the part of one of precursor web.For example, in certain embodiments, the specific region that binding agent between the layer or thermal optionally are applied to fleece 1.For example, using under the situation of binding agent, binding agent can be used in a continuous manner as the slot type coating, or uses as spraying, extrude etc. in discontinuous mode.The discontinuous forms such as can be bar, band, droplet of using of binding agent.
In multi-layered web 1, each precursor web can have different material characters, thereby the fleece 1 that has with as the relevant beneficial property of disposable absorbent article top flat can be provided, as hereinafter more fully as described in.For example, for the fluid treatment of excellence, first precursor web 20 can be by hydrophilic relatively fibrous.Second precursor web 21 can be a thin polymer film, as, polyethylene film or perforate polyethylene film, and can be hydrophobic or by become hydrophobic.When as the top flat on the disposable absorbent article, this fibroreticulate tuft 6 can form the upper strata, that is, and and the body contact layer.The fluid that is deposited on upper strata, the hydrophilic relatively tuft is transferred to the first precursor fiber mesh portions under the second film precursor fiber web layer from hydrophobic relatively thin film rapidly.The reason that observed rapid liquid shifts is common aligned fibers 8, the 18 formed capillary pipe structures by tuft 6. Fiber 8,18 forms the capillary tube of direction alignment between adjacent fiber, and capillarity strengthening near near the convergence of the total fiber the part 7 by tuft 6.
In another embodiment, first precursor web 20 can be made of hydrophilic relatively fiber.Second precursor web 21 can be made of hydrophobic relatively or hydrophobic (that is, showing that the contact angle that has with water is greater than the about 70 degree) fiber that becomes.A kind of so fibroreticulate tuft 6 will comprise from the fiber of two precursor web to form hydrophobic relatively upper strata, that is, and and the body contact layer during as the disposable absorbent article top flat.Yet, be deposited on fluid on the fleece 1 and can have the side path contact that enters space 10 arriving hydrophilic relatively fiber, thereby and transferred to the lower part of absorbent article rapidly.The reason that observed rapid liquid shifts in any one structure it is believed that it is common aligned fibers 8,18 formed capillary pipe structures by tuft 6. Fiber 8,18 forms the capillary tube of direction alignment between adjacent fiber, and capillarity is strengthened near near total convergence of the fibers part 7 by tuft 6.
It is believed that fluid transfer further strengthens because fluid can enter fleece 1 by the space 10 that is surrounded by looped tufts 6 rapidly." side direction enters " ability and/or the capillarity that structure provided of fleece 1, and/or hydrophilic gradient makes fleece 1 become the ideal material of the best fluid treatment that is used for disposable absorbent article.Specifically, multi-layered web 1 can provide the improvement flow handling feature aspect even bigger.
In one embodiment, fleece 1 comprises nonwoven first precursor web 20 and second precursor web, described nonwoven first precursor web comprises quantitatively for the spunbond non-woven material of about 80gsm and comprises that average diameter is about 33 microns polyethylene/polypropylene (sheath/core pattern) bicomponent fibre that described second precursor web comprises the quantitative polyethylene film of 20gsm that is.In this embodiment, fleece 1 every square centimeter of 24 tufts 6 of having an appointment, tuft 6 has the fiber 8 of a plurality of ring-types, alignment, and wherein the fiber diameter of each is about 18 microns.Such fleece can be of value to the top flat as disposable absorbent article, as following relevant shown in Figure 11.For example, this fleece 1 is fluid impermeable except in tuft 6 zone, and described tuft 6 zones can be from 3 wicking fluid to the second sides 5, first side of fleece 1.
In one embodiment, property is illustrated as schematically shown in Figure 10, can use two nonwoven precursor web, and each precursor web has enough fiber mobilitys or elongation makes tuft 6 comprise the fiber of each precursor web.In being used as the most preferred embodiment of sanitary napkin topsheet, fleece 1 can have hydrophilic relatively first precursor web 20 and the relative second hydrophobic precursor web 21, makes the fiber of the second hydrophobic relatively precursor web 21 extend in the outermost layer extension of tuft 6 like this.That is to say that in the end portion 31 of tuft 6, existence can form the obviously hydrophobic fibrae circulares 8 of hydrophobic " medicated cap " in the end portion of tuft 6.When fleece 1 was used as top flat in the sanitary towel, this hydrophobic medicated cap can have significant beneficial effect.By existing the basic hydrophobic top surface fully of wearer's skin, promptly the side 3, and this top flat has improved the aridity on the skin.Yet, leading to the side path of lower floor's hydrophilic fibers 8 in the tuft 6 by existence, fluid can be rapidly by the lower part of fleece 1 wicking to sanitary towel, for example absorbent cores.
Figure 11 represents sanitary towel's plane graph of part excision, and described sanitary towel is with the parts one of of fleece 1 of the present invention as it.Usually, sanitary towel 200 comprise egative film 202, top flat 206 and be arranged on top flat 206 and egative film 202 between absorbent cores 204, described sanitary towel can be engaged near 210 at periphery.Sanitary towel 1 can have the part of extending laterally, so-called " wing " 208, and it is designed to wrap up the side of the interior crotch area of sanitary towel's 1 user.Sanitary towel's (comprising as its top flat towards body surface) is well known in the art, and does not need to describe in detail various replacements and optional design.Yet, notice that fleece 1 can be used as one or more in egative film, core, top flat, inferior top flat or the wing material, or as their parts.
Top flat 206 can comprise two-layer, that is, corresponding to one deck of each precursor web, and first precursor web can be considered to time top flat.But because two fleeces are joined so the lamination synthetic, so they are known as top flat 206 at this paper.Quantitatively can changing of precursor web for the consideration of cost and benefit.Usually, need total quantitatively fleece between about 20gsm and 100gsm 1 as the top flat 206 of disposable absorbent article such as sanitary towel.Second precursor web 21 can be non-woven web or thin polymer film fleece.When making hydrophilic/hydrophobic (fleece is with respect to another) non-woven material/film laminate, find fleece 1 preventing to bleed back and combine with the flexibility of fiber tuft and fluid capillarity and fluid impermeable thin polymer film.Similarly, when making hydrophilic/hydrophobic (fleece is with respect to another) nonwoven/nonwoven laminate, find that also fleece 1 combines the gush out fluid acquisition of the acceptable flexibility of consumer with brilliance with bleeding back property.
As following table 1 illustrational and as the figure of Figure 16 illustrated in illustrate that what know in the sanitary towel field is to improve drying property (that is, make bleed back minimum) and improve to exist between the flooder acquisition rate of menstruation and other body fluid and trade off.That is to say that usually for the known top flat that comprises non-woven material, obtaining improved aridity is cost with loss flooder acquisition rate.It is believed that this is because the fluid treatment character of non-woven web competition.For example, highdensity non-woven web can improve and bleed back character, but cost is a loss flooder acquisition rate.Similarly, the fleece of high surface energy can improve the flooder acquisition rate, and cost is to lose to bleed back character.Unexpectedly, use fleece of the present invention, these different competition character have been eliminated.For example, for the fleece with similar wicking property, the aridity (that is, minimizing bleeds back) that increases on the top flat requires top flat hydrophobic relatively, make fluid like this, comprise the surface of the nonwetting fiber of menstruation (having the fluid properties different) with water although recognize menstruation.Yet this wettable shortage has reduced that liquid enters or the flooder acquisition rate by top flat.Certainly, increase the wettability of nonwoven fibers to increase the corresponding effect that the flooder acquisition rate also has the value of bleeding back that increases top flat.
Therefore, when on normal axis, figuring when bleeding back with the flooder acquisition rate, data show the trend of knowing very much and can estimating, this trend shows when aridity improves, the reduction of flooder acquisition rate.As embodiment, be shown in data in the table 1 among Figure 16 and be to use artificial menses liquid (AMF) and be equivalent to the described flooder acquisition rate of following Test Methods section and bleed back that the method for testing of method of testing obtains.As shown, present market product belong to usually corresponding to generally from as the zone of bottom-right diagonal extension area extremely, upper left side that Figure 17 drew.Yet, surprisingly, the fleece 1 of the application of the invention is as top flat 206, find that some sanitary towel of the present invention shows to have acquisition rate and the value of bleeding back all well more than described diagonal zone, these sanitary towels all show significant increase on aridity and flooder acquisition rate.
Show the flooder collection of 1:AMF and bleed back test
The present market product of sample 1 to 4 portfolio acquisition.All values is the meansigma methods of n=10.
PP/ artificial silk non-woven material is the carded blend of 70%2.2 denier polypropylenes (PP)/30%5 dawn artificial silk, available from PGI Nonwovens, and called after 164-253-6.
25gsm bi-component PE/PP non-woven material is hydrophobic relatively spunbond bi-component PE/PP (sheath/core pattern) fiber non-woven knitmesh, derives from BBA Nonwovens, Washougal, WA, called after 074YLCO09U.
Hydrophilic bi-component PE/PP is hydrophobic relatively spunbond bi-component PE/PP (sheath/core pattern) the fiber non-woven knitmesh of 30gsm, derives from BBA Nonwovens, Washougal, WA, called after 088YLCO09U.
" 4DG " fiber is the PET that handled of surfactant, curling, 5cm (2 inches) Cutting Length fiber, and its cross section shows to have the fluid of can be used as passage capillaceous, is obtained from FiberInnovation Technologies, Johnson City, TN.These fibers are known as capillary pipe fiber sometimes.
" circle " fiber is PET, the fiber curling, 5cm (2 inches) Cutting Length that surfactant was handled, and it has circular shape of cross section, is obtained from Wellman, Inc., Charlotte, NC, called after 204 types.
" %PET fiber " is meant the percentage ratio of PET fiber in first precursor web.In all samples 3 to 14, these fibers are mixed with 5cm (2 inches) the Cutting Length bicomponent binder fibers (height dissolves PET core/low-melting point PET skin) that relative hydrophilic 6 dawn copolymerization PET curls, described bicomponent fibre with title LM651 available from Kanematsu USA, Gastonia, NC.All percentage ratios refer to percentage by weight.
Especially in using relatively sample than hard fibre such as PET fiber, data show NO so far result, both improved the flooder acquisition rate, improved aridity (reduction bleeds back) again.The discovery that this is surprising, promptly aridity and flooder acquisition rate show that all using the present invention to have significant orientation improves, and impel further test, the easier multiple fluid of current use, promptly the paper industry fluid is commonly referred to PIF.PIF is the fluid of knowing that is used to simulate relative high viscosity fluid such as menstruation.Use the other test of PIF to carry out according to following flooder acquisition rate and the method for bleeding back.The results are shown in table 2 and 3 of PIF test.Table 2 shows the test result that replaces the top flat on two existing market products of knowing with fleece of the present invention.Table 3 expression is used at present
The fibroreticulate test result of the present invention on this class airfelt core of Maxi Regular sanitary towel, described sanitary towel is available from Procter ﹠amp; Gamble Co., Cincinnati, OH.
Usually be noted that some repeats with PIF test with the AMF samples tested, and find out that the result is relevant in proportional mode, and PIF makes to bleed back with acquisition rate more moderate raising is arranged.That is to say,, use the test of PIF to show that the value of aridity and flooder acquisition rate is pro rata less than the value with the AMF test for given sample.Yet even use PIF, shown in table 2 and 3, test value also continues all to be better than existing product at the flooder acquisition rate with aspect bleeding back two.Therefore, use the test value of AMF, menstruation, and/or the experience of consumer each all expect to show to have than those better results shown in the following table.
Table 2: use the PIF test of existing market product
Listed sample is that the shop is bought in the table 2, and tests according to the method for testing that describes in detail below.Expression flooder acquisition rate all is the meansigma methods of 10 tests with each value that bleeds back speed." as buy " under the condition, test each sample and this product do not changed.As shown in table 2, for each product, other sample is all replacing testing behind the existing top flat with fleece of the present invention as described below.This process is finished like this: take off carefully that existing top flat (with, if necessary, any top flat) is unlikely disarrays following absorbent cores, then, the mode of top flat of the present invention with the simulation mechanism product is placed on this core.The fleece of the present invention that is used for the test shown in the table 2 has following composition:
First precursor web: 45gsm carded non-woven web, it comprises that 80% hydrophilic relatively 30 dawn 5cm (2 inches) Cutting Length PET fiber curling, that be shaped (is obtained from Fiber InnovationTechnologies, Johnson City, TN, called after 4DG) 5cm (2 inches) the Cutting Length bicomponent binder fibers (height dissolves PET core/low-melting point PET skin) that relative hydrophilic 6 dawn copolymerization PET with 20% is curling (is obtained from Kanematsu USA, Gastonia, NC, called after LM651) blend.
Spunbond bi-component PE/PP (sheath/core pattern) the fiber non-woven knitmesh that second precursor web: 30gsm is hydrophobic relatively is obtained from BBA Nonwovens, Washougal, WA, called after 088YLCO09U.
First and second precursor web are used the method described in bright of stating and are used above-mentioned nip roller to process.Specifically, for each sample, the section of discaling roll is 1.5mm apart from P, and engagement E is 3.4mm, and unified tooth depth TH is 3.7mm.The nip roller rotation makes processes described fleece with the approximate velocity of about 3m/min.
Shown in data in the table 2, present market product by use comprise the fibroreticulate top flat of the present invention bleed back with acquisition rate on all show to have and significantly improve.The fluid treatment parameter that records directly influences the needed character of consumer.Therefore, comprise the fibroreticulate top flat of the present invention, can significantly improve present market product and send important consumer's beneficial effect by use.
Table 3:
PIF test of the present invention on the absorbent cores
Each sample shown in the table 3 all uses first precursor web 20 to utilize above-mentioned nip roller to process as described in above-mentioned method.For each sample, the section of discaling roll is 1.5mm apart from P, and engagement E is 3.4mm, and unified tooth depth TH is 3.7mm.The nip roller rotation makes processes described fleece with about 3m/ minute approximate velocity.
" trilobal " fiber is the PET that handled of surfactant, curling, 5cm (2 inches) Cutting Length fiber, and the shape of cross section that it has trilobal is obtained from Fiber Innovation Technologies, Johnson City, TN.
" 4DG " fiber is the PET that handled of surfactant, curling, 5cm (2 inches) Cutting Length fiber, and its cross section shows to have the fluid of can be used as passage capillaceous, is obtained from FiberInnovation Technologies, Johnson City, TN.These fibers are known as capillary pipe fiber sometimes.
" circle " fiber is the PET that handled of surfactant, curling, 5cm (2 inches) Cutting Length fiber, and it has circular shape of cross section, is obtained from Wellman, Inc., Charlotte, NC, called after Type 204.
" %PET fiber " is meant the percentage ratio of PET fiber in first precursor web.In all samples 3 to 14, with these fibers and curling 5cm (2 inches) Cutting Length bicomponent binder fibers (height the dissolves PET core/low-melting point PET skin) blend of relative hydrophilic 6 dawn copolymerization PET, described bicomponent fibre with title LM651 available from Kanematsu USA, Gastonia, NC.All percentage ratios refer to percentage by weight.
Fleece quantitatively only refers to the quantitative of first precursor web.
As the flooder acquisition rate from table 3 with bleed back the result as can be seen, fleece of the present invention and other known top flat (referring to, for example in the table 2 " as buy " value) compare flooder acquisition rate and aridity value preferably be provided.With similar figure shown in Figure 16 on, these data will be painted on right upper quadrant, obviously depart from the existing known fiber net that can be used as the disposable absorbent article top flat.
Specifically, the fleece of the present invention as can be seen of the result from table 2 and 3 had both been sent the flooder acquisition rate of at least 0.11 milliliters/second when as the top flat in the disposable absorbent article, send much smaller than the value of bleeding back of about 94mg again.In one embodiment, disposable absorbent article (as sanitary towel) can comprise that the fibroreticulate top flat of the present invention provides by utilization preferably, and wherein said goods show the value of bleeding back that has less than about 75mg, and fluid acquisition speed is at least about 0.5 milliliters/second.In another embodiment, described goods can show the value of bleeding back that has less than about 25mg, and fluid acquisition speed is at least about 1.0 milliliters/second.
Be not bound by theory, it is believed that the fluid treatment the possibility of result ascribes at least two factors to preferably: the hydrophilic/hydrophobic difference that has respectively between (1) first and second precursor web; (2) have harder fiber relatively in tuft 6, described harder fiber can help to keep thickness under load.That is to say, be oriented in usually relatively harder fiber on the Z direction (as, as shown in Figure 3) as flexible support column to provide fibroreticulate effective bearing and to the resistance of compression stress.In one embodiment, it is believed that the most useful is to have harder fiber relatively in first precursor web, and in second precursor, have a relatively softer fiber, (for example make like this when formation comprises tuft from two fibroreticulate two kinds of fibers, as shown in figure 10), softer fiber is positioned at the least significant end part of tuft relatively, and therefore all are relative softer fibers with the fiber of wearer's contact skin substantially.
Figure 12 represents the plane graph of the part excision of catamenial tampons plug 300, and described sanitary tampons is with the parts one of of fleece 1 of the present invention as it.Usually, sanitary tampons 300 comprises the covering wrappage 304 of absorbent cores 302 with the fluid penetrable that covers absorbent cores 302 of compression.Cover wrappage 304 and can be extended out an end of absorbent cores 302 to form shirt rim part 306.Can provide and remove parts such as cord 308 so that use the back to take out sanitary tampons.Sanitary tampons comprises the covering wrappage that touches the surface as its body, is well known in the art, and does not need to describe in detail various replacements and optional design.Yet, notice that fleece 1 can be used as to cover wrappage, absorbent core material or remove one or more in the component materials, or as their parts.
Following table 4 expression can be used for the exemplary embodiments of other fleece 1 structure in the article component of the present invention, and the size relevant with equipment therefor in their process of preparation 100, and is disclosed as mentioned.The brief description of each listed embodiment is behind table 4.
Table 4: the embodiment of plant bulk parameter and fleece size
| Sample | Precursor web | 1 | Precursor web 2 | |
Section is apart from (P)＜mm〉(inch) | Engagement (E)＜mm〉(inch) | Tooth depth (TH)＜mm〉(inch) | Ring high (h) (mm) | The fiber diameter of precursor web 1 (μ m) | The fiber diameter of fibrae circulares (μ m) |
| 1 | Carded PET non-woven web | The LDPE thin film | Inapplicable | <1.5> (0.060) | <3.4> (0.135) | <3.7> (0.145) | 1.59 | 20 | 18 | |
| 2 | Spunbond PE/PP core/skin non-woven web | 30lb kraft paper | Inapplicable | <1.5> (0.060) | <3.4> (0.135) | <3.7> (0.145) | 1.38 | 24 | 13 |
| 3 | Spunbond PP non-woven web | Air lay PET non-woven web | Spunbond PP non-woven web | <1.5> (0.060) | <3.4> (0.135) | <3.7> (0.145) | 1.83 | 34 | 28 |
Figure 13 is the microphotograph of sample 1.First precursor web of sample 1 is for quantitatively being the carded PET non-woven web of 145 grams every square metre (gsm), it is that (model is F30A for polyester/copolyester trefoil fiber by 38mm (1.5 inches) staple length, available from FIT (Fiber Innovation Technology) Inc., Johnson City, TN.) manual carded.Second precursor web of sample 1 is that thickness is low density polyethylene (LDPE) (LDPE) thin film of 0.1mm (0.004 inch), and it is by Huntsman FilmProducts Co., and Carrolton OH makes, called after X420.Sample 1 is produced on device as described above in Figure 5, and linear velocity is 3 meters of about per minutes (10 feet of a per minute).As shown in figure 13, fin 7 stretches out second precursor web significantly and (that is, thin layer outside) the plane, and approximately covers half of tuft 6.As above illustrated, when needs harder, this can be desirable during tuft 6 springy.
Figure 15 is the microphotograph of sample 2.First precursor web of sample 2 is spunbond PE/PP50/50 core/skin non-woven material, and it quantitatively is 30gsm and by BBA, and Simpsonville SC makes.Second precursor web of sample 3 is brown 100% a callable 30lb kraft wrapping, available from any kraft paper source, as, Uline Shipping Supplies, Waukegan, IL.Sample 2 is produced on device as described above in Figure 5, linear velocity be 3 meters of about per minutes (10 feet of per minutes) as shown in figure 15, second precursor web of kraft paper can produce the opening 4 and the fin 7 of similar volcano shape opening.
Figure 16 is the microphotograph of sample 3, and described sample comprises three precursor web.The first and the 3rd precursor web of sample 3 is quantitatively to be the spunbond polypropylene non-woven material of 13.5gsm, and called after NW30 is available from First Quality Nonwovens, Haxleton, PA.The first and the 3rd precursor web is outer, second precursor web is clipped in the middle, described second precursor web is the loose bonding air lay non-woven web that is formed by the long staple fiber of 44mm (1.75 inches), it comprises polyester fiber and PE/PP 50/50 core/skin non-woven material bicomponent binder fibers, and ratio of fibers is respectively 80/20 by weight.Polyester fiber is that model is 1311 fiber, is 851607 fiber and the PE/PP fiber is a model, and two kinds of fibers are all available from FIT (Fiber Innovation Technology) Inc., Johnson City, TN.Sample 4 is produced on device as described above in Figure 5, linear velocity be 30 meters of about per minutes (100 feet of per minutes) as shown in figure 16, in the embodiment of some fleece 1, may not refer to fin 7, but only near the opening that tuft 6 extends through second precursor web break a little.Can find out that the tuft 6 shown in Figure 16 comprises two kinds of fiber types.The fiber of one of nipped air fibres net and skin all helps the formation of tuft 6 in the centre.
From the explanation of above fleece of the present invention 1 and device 100, be appreciated that the structure that can under the situation that does not deviate from protection scope of the present invention, produce many various fleeces 1, as in additional claims, being subjected to those of claims protection.For example, fleece 1 can be used distillate medicinal water, medicament, washing fluid, antiseptic solution, emulsion, aromatic, surfactant coated or processing.Specifically, the hydrophile/lipophile balance (HLB) that has of hydrophobic relatively distillate medicinal water is less than or equal to 7.This distillate medicinal water can be the vaseline base, and can comprise skin treatment agents and other composition, and U.S. Patent Application Serial Number is that 10/444,241 (recording mechanism 8725R2) is disclosed as is generally known, and this application is incorporated herein by reference.Fleece 1 can be processed so that only the end of tuft 6 have the distillate medicinal water that will apply, this fleece 1 can be described as and have first side and the second lateral fleece like this, wherein tuft to small part starts from second side, and extending to terminally towards body part, this terminal surface is hydrophobic relatively for second side to body part.
The relevant portion of all documents of quoting in detailed Description Of The Invention is incorporated herein by reference; It is to its approval as prior art of the present invention that the quoting of any document not can be regarded as.
Although illustrated and described specific embodiments of the present invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many other variations and modifications may be made in the case of without departing from the spirit and scope of protection of the present invention.Therefore in additional claims, comprise all such changes and modifications in the scope of the invention consciously.
Method of testing
The preparation of paper industry fluid (PIF)
Reagent:
* carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), #C-5678 15g
* glycerol #G-7893 80g
Sodium chloride, A.C.S. SILVER REAGENT 10g
Sodium bicarbonate, A.C.S. SILVER REAGENT 4g
Distilled water 1000mL
* [choose] the indigo carmine dyestuff wantonly, as Aldrich#13,116-4 0.01%
* annotate: available from Sigma Chemical Co.USA (314) 771-5750 or Sigma-Aldrich, Germany 49-7329-970.
Step:
Step 1: with 80.0 (+/-0.05g) glycerol adds beaker.Put aside.
Step 2: weighing 15.0 (+/-0.05g) CMC.
The CMC that step 3 will weigh up in advance slowly adding fills in the beaker of glycerol, constantly stirs with the glass stirring rod simultaneously.Stir into serosity (the CMC particle suspending is in glycerol).
Step 4: with 300mL (+/-5mL) distilled water adds in the beaker, continue then simply to mix with stirring rod.Annotate: only use a spot of distilled water (20 to 50mL) that all CMC/ glycerol remnants are flushed to the beaker from stirring rod with more distilled water.
Step 5: weighing 10.0 (+/-0.01g) sodium chloride.Put aside.
Step 6: weighing 4.0 (+/-0.01g) sodium bicarbonate.Put aside.
Step 7: magnetic stirring bar is put into beaker of glycerin, and be placed on the magnetic agitation dish.
Connect agitator disk and constantly mix this solution.
Step 8: add all other reagent, more distilled water are added make volume in this suspension then to about 850mL.
Step 9: continue to stir 20 minutes.Solution should be clarifying.
Step 10: stir and take out magnetic stirring bar after 20 minutes at once and solution is transferred in the volumetric flask.Each low amounts of water (20mL to 50mL) of using is flushed to any remaining residue in the solution in the volumetric flask from beaker.Continue adding more distilled water makes final volume reach 1000mL scale on the volumetric flask.The bottom of meniscus should with the etching scale level in the sight line plane.
Step 11:*[is optional] adding 0.01% indigo carmine dyestuff.
Step 12: magnetic stirring bar is put back in the solution in the volumetric flask.Continue again to mix 10 to 15 minutes.
Step 13: use the viscosity of viscometer degree centigrade test PIF test fluid flow, monitor and control the temperature of PIF test fluid flow to obtain the viscosity reading with water-bath and thermometer in 22+/-0.5.For the concrete viscometer that uses, please follow viscometer manufacturer's operation instructions.Select suitable rotor and move with 30RPM
Annotate: the density of PIF is 1.03.
The viscosity target:
Centipoise (cP): range of viscosities is 0.01-0.012Pas (10 to 12cP) in the time of 22 degrees centigrade
Centistoke (cStk): range of viscosities is 9.7E-6-11.64E-6m in the time of 22 degrees centigrade
2/ s (9.70 to 11.64cStk)
Annotate:, then add more CMC if viscosity is lower than this target.If viscosity greater than this target, then adds more distilled water.
The viscosity time to time change of PIF.Therefore, after storage PIF surpassed 24 hours, viscosity measurement must be carried out or carry out before use every day.
Abandoning all according to locality/local render safe procedures does not use or unnecessary PIF.
The shelf life of PIF at room temperature is seven days, and cold preservation is 14 days.
Flooder collection and bleed back test:
Step 1: before the test under the humidity of the temperature of 20.6 to 25 degrees centigrade (69 to 77 degrees Fahrenheits) and 46% to 54% balance 2 hours, make sample be in condition to be tested.
Step 2: sample is test under the environment of the humidity of the temperature of 20.6 to 25 degrees centigrade (69 to 77 degrees Fahrenheits) and 46% to 54%.
Step 4:, wait for before the portion under adding that then every part of aliquot absorbs in the sample from the aliquot of opening part to four parts of 1mL PIF of sample adding.
Step 5: after the last portion in four parts of PIF aliquots is absorbed in the sample, wait for five minutes, the speed with about 1 milliliters/second adds 3mL PIF gushing out with the simulation menstruation then.Write down first PIF and can't see interval between the PIF up to the upper surface of sample.This interval is used to calculate and record flooder acquisition rate, and unit is a milliliters/second.
Step 6: the piece that takes off 1.72kPa (0.25psi) at once, and wait for 30 seconds, the AhlstromFiltration Co.#632 filter paper of this moment seven 13cm of a pile (5 inches) square being weighed in advance (this filter paper is also in pretreatment 2 hours under the humidity of the temperature of 20.6 to 25 degrees centigrade (69 to 77 degrees Fahrenheits) and 46% to 54% before the test) is placed on center of a sample's part of holding the fluid flooder.
Step 7: with size is that the counterweight of 5.31kPa (0.77psi) is placed on filter paper last 15 second.
Step 8: take off the counterweight of 5.31kPa (0.77psi), and this filter paper of weighing immediately.
Step 9: deduct and put the filter paper weight of 5.31kPa (0.77psi) counterweight before 15 seconds and calculate the value of bleeding back with putting the filter paper weight of 5.31kPa (0.77psi) counterweight after 15 seconds, unit is gram.
For each sample, step 1 repeats at least 10 samples to 9, writes down the meansigma methods of 10 samples then.
Claims (30)
1. absorbent article, described absorbent article comprise top flat, egative film and be arranged on described top flat and described egative film between absorbent cores, described top flat has first side and second side, described first side is towards bodyside, and described second side keeps fluid to be communicated with described absorbent cores, and described top flat also comprises:
A. the first hydrophobic relatively relative hydrophilic parts of parts with second;
B. described hydrophilic relatively parts extend through described hydrophobic relatively parts, and are set on two described sides of described top flat; With
C. wherein when with the flooder collection with when bleeding back test determines, described absorbent article shows to have less than the value of bleeding back of 94mg and the fluid acquisition speed of at least 0.10 milliliters/second.
2. absorbent article as claimed in claim 1, wherein said top flat are the hydrophobic relatively fleece and the laminated material of relative hydrophilic non-woven web.
3. absorbent article as claimed in claim 2, wherein said hydrophobic relatively fleece is a non-woven web.
4. absorbent article as claimed in claim 2, wherein said hydrophobic relatively fleece is a thin polymer film.
5. absorbent article as claimed in claim 2, first side of wherein said top flat comprises a plurality of discrete tufts, described tuft comprises the fiber from described hydrophilic relatively non-woven web.
6. absorbent article as claimed in claim 5, wherein said a plurality of discrete tufts are evenly distributed on the described laminate web.
7. absorbent article as claimed in claim 3, wherein said hydrophilic relatively fleece or described hydrophobic relatively fibroreticulate described fiber comprise the polymer that is selected from polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester and their blend.
8. absorbent article as claimed in claim 3, wherein said hydrophilic relatively fleece or described hydrophobic relatively fibroreticulate described fiber comprise bicomponent fibre.
9. absorbent article as claimed in claim 3, wherein said hydrophilic relatively fleece or described hydrophobic relatively fibroreticulate described fiber comprise non-circular fiber.
10. absorbent article as claimed in claim 1, wherein when with described flooder collection with when bleeding back test determines, described absorbent article shows to have less than the value of bleeding back of 75mg and the fluid acquisition speed of at least 0.50 milliliters/second.
11. absorbent article as claimed in claim 1, wherein when with described flooder collection with when bleeding back test determines, described absorbent article shows to have less than the value of bleeding back of 25mg and the fluid acquisition speed of at least 1.0 milliliters/second.
12. absorbent article as claimed in claim 1,
Wherein said hydrophilic relatively parts comprise spunbond non-woven web.
13. absorbent article as claimed in claim 12, first side of wherein said top flat comprises a plurality of discrete tufts, and described tuft comprises the fiber from described spunbond non-woven web.
14. absorbent article as claimed in claim 12, wherein said relative hydrophobic component is a non-woven web.
15. absorbent article as claimed in claim 12, wherein said relative hydrophobic component is a thin polymer film.
16. comprising, absorbent article as claimed in claim 12, the described fiber of wherein said hydrophilic relatively spun-bonded fibre net be selected from the polymer that comprises polyester.
17. absorbent article as claimed in claim 14, wherein said hydrophilic relatively spun-bonded fibre net or described hydrophobic relatively fibroreticulate described fiber comprise bicomponent fibre.
18. absorbent article as claimed in claim 14, wherein said hydrophilic relatively spun-bonded fibre net or described hydrophobic relatively fibroreticulate described fiber comprise non-circular fiber.
19. absorbent article, described absorbent article comprise top flat, egative film and be arranged on described top flat and described egative film between absorbent cores, described top flat has first side and second side, described first side is towards bodyside, and described second side keeps fluid to be communicated with described absorbent cores, and described top flat also comprises:
A. the first hydrophobic relatively relative hydrophilic parts of parts with second;
B. described hydrophilic relatively parts are set on two sides of described top flat;
C. described hydrophilic relatively parts comprise the carded non-woven web; With
D. wherein when with described when bleeding back test determines, described absorbent article shows the value of bleeding back that has less than 75mg; When testing with described fluid acquisition method of testing, described absorbent article shows the fluid acquisition speed with at least 0.5 milliliters/second.
20. absorbent article as claimed in claim 19, first side of wherein said top flat comprises a plurality of discrete tufts, and described discrete tufts comprises the fiber from described carded non-woven web.
21. absorbent article as claimed in claim 19, wherein said hydrophobic relatively parts are non-woven web.
22. absorbent article as claimed in claim 19, wherein said hydrophobic relatively parts are thin polymer film.
23. comprising, absorbent article as claimed in claim 19, the described fiber of wherein said hydrophilic relatively carded non-woven web be selected from the polymer that comprises polyester.
24. absorbent article as claimed in claim 21, wherein said hydrophilic relatively carded web or described hydrophobic relatively fibroreticulate described fiber comprise bicomponent fibre.
25. absorbent article as claimed in claim 21, wherein said hydrophilic relatively carded web or described hydrophobic relatively fibroreticulate described fiber comprise non-circular fiber.
26. absorbent article as claimed in claim 1, wherein said top flat also comprises non-woven web and bunch shape district, described bunch of shape district comprises first, second and the 3rd zone, each described zone is characterised in that regional fiber alignment, the wherein said first and the 3rd zone comprises the fiber of the part with the plane orientation that is basically parallel to described top flat, and described second area is positioned in the middle of the described first and the 3rd zone and contiguous these two zones, and described second area comprises the fiber of the part of the plane orientation that is not basically parallel to described top flat substantially.
27. absorbent article as claimed in claim 1, wherein said top flat also comprises the non-woven web that comprises tuft, described tuft to small part originates in described second side and extends to terminal surface to body part, and described terminal surface is hydrophobic relatively to body part with respect to described second side.
28. absorbent article as claimed in claim 27, the described terminal surface of wherein said tuft to body part utilization setting thereon the distillate medicinal water compositions and become hydrophobic.
29. comprising, absorbent article as claimed in claim 28, wherein said distillate medicinal water compositions be less than or equal to 7 hydrophile/lipophile balance.
30. absorbent article as claimed in claim 28, wherein said distillate medicinal water compositions comprises vaseline.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US32466102A | 2002-12-20 | 2002-12-20 | |
| US10/324,661 | 2002-12-20 | ||
| US10/435,996 | 2003-05-12 | ||
| US10/610,299 | 2003-06-30 |
Publications (2)
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| CN1722999A CN1722999A (en) | 2006-01-18 |
| CN100579495C true CN100579495C (en) | 2010-01-13 |
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| CNB2003801069663A Expired - Fee Related CN100396271C (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-16 | Cloth-like personal care articles |
| CNB2003801054827A Expired - Fee Related CN100384621C (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-16 | Inverse textured web |
| CN200380105487A Expired - Fee Related CN100579495C (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-16 | Fixable tufted laminate |
| CNB2003801053773A Expired - Fee Related CN100522119C (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-16 | Tufted fibrous web |
| CNB2003801050347A Expired - Lifetime CN100564641C (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-16 | The laminate web of bunch shape |
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| CNB2003801069663A Expired - Fee Related CN100396271C (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-16 | Cloth-like personal care articles |
| CNB2003801054827A Expired - Fee Related CN100384621C (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-16 | Inverse textured web |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2003801053773A Expired - Fee Related CN100522119C (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-16 | Tufted fibrous web |
| CNB2003801050347A Expired - Lifetime CN100564641C (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-16 | The laminate web of bunch shape |
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| ZA (4) | ZA200504229B (en) |
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| ES2545877T3 (en) * | 2007-12-07 | 2015-09-16 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent core |
| US20100310845A1 (en) * | 2009-06-03 | 2010-12-09 | Eric Bryan Bond | Fluid permeable structured fibrous web |
| US20100310810A1 (en) * | 2009-06-03 | 2010-12-09 | Eric Bryan Bond | Structured Fibrous Web |
| US20100312212A1 (en) * | 2009-06-03 | 2010-12-09 | Eric Bryan Bond | Fluid Permeable Structured Fibrous Web |
| JP2011131044A (en) * | 2009-11-24 | 2011-07-07 | Kao Corp | Absorbent article |
| EP2533744A1 (en) * | 2010-02-11 | 2012-12-19 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent article comprising fluid handling zones |
| US8308702B2 (en) * | 2010-04-21 | 2012-11-13 | Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. | Foaming porous pad for use with a motorized device |
| US20120238982A1 (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2012-09-20 | Paul Thomas Weisman | Structured Fibrous Web |
| US20150359400A1 (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2015-12-17 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Nonwoven fabric |
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| CN106572923A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2017-04-19 | 宝洁公司 | Method for making an apertured web |
| KR102263901B1 (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2021-06-11 | 도레이 카부시키가이샤 | Non-woven fabric for sanitary materials, and sanitary material product |
| CA2959817A1 (en) | 2014-09-10 | 2016-03-17 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Nonwoven web |
| CA2959172A1 (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2016-03-17 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Nonwoven material having discrete three-dimensional deformations with wide base openings and specific fiber concentrations |
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- 2003-12-16 CN CNB2003801054827A patent/CN100384621C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-12-16 CN CN200380105487A patent/CN100579495C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-12-16 CN CNB2003801053773A patent/CN100522119C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-12-16 CN CNB2003801050347A patent/CN100564641C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2005
- 2005-05-24 ZA ZA200504229A patent/ZA200504229B/en unknown
- 2005-05-24 ZA ZA200504231A patent/ZA200504231B/en unknown
- 2005-05-24 ZA ZA200504240A patent/ZA200504240B/en unknown
- 2005-05-25 ZA ZA200504264A patent/ZA200504264B/en unknown
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| US4035881A (en) * | 1974-03-12 | 1977-07-19 | Josef Zocher | Method and apparatus for producing non-woven textile product |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1722999A (en) | 2006-01-18 |
| ZA200504240B (en) | 2006-02-22 |
| CN100396271C (en) | 2008-06-25 |
| ZA200504231B (en) | 2006-02-22 |
| CN100384621C (en) | 2008-04-30 |
| ZA200504229B (en) | 2006-04-26 |
| CN1720362A (en) | 2006-01-11 |
| ZA200504264B (en) | 2006-04-26 |
| CN1722998A (en) | 2006-01-18 |
| CN100522119C (en) | 2009-08-05 |
| CN1723120A (en) | 2006-01-18 |
| CN1728979A (en) | 2006-02-01 |
| CN100564641C (en) | 2009-12-02 |
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