CN100576021C - A kind of 2x2 high speed fibre switch with feedback monitoring structure - Google Patents
A kind of 2x2 high speed fibre switch with feedback monitoring structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN100576021C CN100576021C CN200710306808A CN200710306808A CN100576021C CN 100576021 C CN100576021 C CN 100576021C CN 200710306808 A CN200710306808 A CN 200710306808A CN 200710306808 A CN200710306808 A CN 200710306808A CN 100576021 C CN100576021 C CN 100576021C
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Abstract
2x2 high speed fibre switch with feedback monitoring structure disclosed by the invention, on same horizontal optical path, set gradually first birefringece crystal, the one λ/2 wave plate groups, first polarizing beam splitter mirror, the first electric light control module, second birefringece crystal, first beam splitter prism and first photodetector, on polarized light reflected light path perpendicular to first polarizing beam splitter mirror, set gradually the second electric light control module along reflected light path, the 3rd birefringece crystal, second beam splitter prism and second photodetector, on reflected light path perpendicular to first beam splitter prism, set gradually second polarizing beam splitter mirror along reflected light path, the 3rd electric light control module, the 2nd λ/2 wave plates and the 4th birefringece crystal, wherein, second polarizing beam splitter mirror and second beam splitter prism are in same horizontal optical path, set gradually the 4th electric light control module in this horizontal optical path in the opposite side of second polarizing beam splitter mirror, the 3rd λ/2 wave plates, the 5th birefringece crystal.This fiber switch has compact conformation, switching speed height, the advantage such as little of crosstalking.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of two-way intersection fiber switch, specifically relate to a kind of voltage that applies by control electric light control module material and change a kind of electrooptical switching that light polarization direction realizes that light path is switched fast.
Background technology
Photoswitch is widely used in optical communication field, be used to realize light at one or more input ports to the switching between one or more output ports.The 2x2 photoswitch has two on off states, promptly import a port to output one port, input two ports to output two ports pass-through state and import a port to output two ports, import two ports to the intersection of exporting the port state that links.The array of photoswitch of 2x2 photoswitch and composition thereof is widely used, and is the Primary Component of forming Optical Add Drop Multiplexer (OADM) and optical cross connect (OXC) equipment.Along with the development of optical communication field, the importance of photoswitch becomes increasingly conspicuous.
Traditional photoswitch has mechanical type and liquid crystal optical switch, magneto-optic shutter, electrooptical switching etc., and mechanical switching speed is slow, and liquid crystal optical switch, magneto-optic shutter switching speed are generally in millisecond microsecond magnitude, and the response speed of electrooptical switching can reach nanosecond order.
Electrooptical switching is to utilize the variation of the electrooptical effect control light polarization direction of electrooptical material to realize switching function.When on the electrooptical material not during making alive, light does not change by electric light control module polarization state; When adding half-wave voltage on the electrooptical material, the electric light control module is equivalent to a half-wave plate, and selected optical axis direction can make light pass through the rotation that 90 degree take place in electric light control module polarization direction.Yet lithium niobate (LiNbO
3) crystal, transparent iron electric work can pottery etc. electrooptical material, (reasons such as the difference when making, temperature environment) will cause that half-wave voltage departs from original value because its intrinsic characteristic, cause being offset for the change of polarization state, thereby cause the increase of the channel interference of photoswitch, influence the performance of photoswitch greatly.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of switch and crosstalk for a short time, switch performance is good has the 2x2 high speed fibre switch of feedback monitoring structure.
2x2 high speed fibre switch with feedback monitoring structure of the present invention, it is characterized in that on same horizontal optical path, setting gradually first birefringece crystal, the one λ/2 wave plate groups, first polarizing beam splitter mirror, the first electric light control module, second birefringece crystal, first beam splitter prism and first photodetector, on polarized light reflected light path perpendicular to first polarizing beam splitter mirror, set gradually the second electric light control module along reflected light path, the 3rd birefringece crystal, second beam splitter prism and second photodetector, on reflected light path perpendicular to first beam splitter prism, set gradually second polarizing beam splitter mirror along reflected light path, the 3rd electric light control module, the 2nd λ/2 wave plates and the 4th birefringece crystal, wherein, second polarizing beam splitter mirror and second beam splitter prism are in same horizontal optical path, set gradually the 4th electric light control module in this horizontal optical path in the opposite side of second polarizing beam splitter mirror, the 3rd λ/2 wave plates and the 5th birefringece crystal; A said λ/2 wave plate groups are made up of λ/2 wave plates that two diagonal angles in the upper left corner that is arranged in the optical path direction xsect and the lower right corner link to each other, and the optical axis direction of every λ/2 wave plates is from the horizontal by 45 degree angles; Said the 2nd λ/2 wave plates are device upper half planes at the optical path direction xsect, and optical axis direction and horizontal direction angle are λ/2 wave plates of miter angle; Said the 3rd λ/2 wave plates are device following demifacets at the optical path direction xsect, and optical axis direction and horizontal direction angle are λ/2 wave plates of miter angle, first photodetector is converted into electric signal output with the luminous power size that receives, be used for institute's making alive size on FEEDBACK CONTROL first electric light control module and the 4th electric light control module, second photodetector is converted into electric signal output with the luminous power size that receives, and is used for institute's making alive size on FEEDBACK CONTROL second electric light control module and the 3rd electric light control module.
The first, second, third, fourth and the 5th above-mentioned birefringece crystal can be vanadic acid yttrium or rutile.
First, second polarizing beam splitter mirror can adopt to the reflection of s polarized light, to the beam splitter of p polarized light transmission.
The first, second, third and the 4th electric light control module can adopt lithium columbate crystal, or transparent iron electric work energy stupalith, as PLZT (lead lanthanum zirconate titanate), PMN-PT (lead magnesio-niobate) transparent iron electric work energy stupalith.
Said first, second beam splitter prism can be with the input polarization state irrelevant to 92%～98% reflection of input light, the beam splitter prism of 2%～8% transmission.
Said first, second photodetector can adopt four-quadrant photo detector.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
The present invention is used for the change of FEEDBACK CONTROL electric light control module for polarization state by the small part light with the spectroscope transmission, reduce crosstalking mutually of photoswitch two output port interchannels greatly, improve the photoswitch performance, this optical switch construction has that component compact, volume are little, optical channel and polarization irrelevant, switching speed height, the advantage such as little of crosstalking.Can be applicable to fields such as optical communication, light sensing and instrument and meter.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the formation diagrammatic top view with 2x2 high speed fibre switch of feedback monitoring structure;
Fig. 2 is each λ/2 wave plate positions and optical axis synoptic diagram, a) is a λ/2 wave plate groups wherein, b) is the 2nd λ/2 wave plates, c) is the 3rd λ/2 wave plates.
Embodiment
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
With reference to Fig. 1,2x2 high speed fibre switch with feedback monitoring structure of the present invention, on same horizontal optical path, set gradually first birefringece crystal 1, the one λ/2 wave plate groups 2, first polarizing beam splitter mirror 3, the first electric light control module 4, second birefringece crystal 5, first beam splitter prism 6 and first photodetector 7, on polarized light reflected light path perpendicular to first polarizing beam splitter mirror 3, set gradually the second electric light control module 8 along reflected light path, the 3rd birefringece crystal 9, second beam splitter prism 10 and second photodetector 11, on reflected light path perpendicular to first beam splitter prism 6, set gradually second polarizing beam splitter mirror 12 along reflected light path, the 3rd electric light control module 13, the 2nd λ/2 wave plates 14 and the 4th birefringece crystal 15, wherein, second polarizing beam splitter mirror 12 and second beam splitter prism 10 are in same horizontal optical path, set gradually the 4th electric light control module 16 in this horizontal optical path in the opposite side of second polarizing beam splitter mirror 12, the 3rd λ/2 wave plates 17, the 5th birefringece crystal 18; Here, a λ/2 wave plate groups 2 as Fig. 2 a) shown in, form by λ/2 wave plates 201,202 that two diagonal angles in the upper left corner that is arranged in the optical path direction xsect and the lower right corner link to each other, and the optical axis direction f of every λ/2 wave plates and horizontal direction m are in angle of 45 degrees; The 2nd λ/2 wave plates 14 are as Fig. 2 b) shown in, be the upper half plane of device, and optical axis direction g and horizontal direction m angle are λ/2 wave plates 140 of miter angle at the optical path direction xsect; The 3rd λ/2 wave plates 17 are as Fig. 2 c) shown in, be the following demifacet of device, and optical axis direction h and horizontal direction m angle are λ/2 wave plates 170 of miter angle at the optical path direction xsect.
In this example, first birefringece crystal 1, second birefringece crystal 5, the 3rd birefringece crystal 9, the 4th birefringece crystal 15 and the 5th birefringece crystal 18 are respectively the vanadic acid yttriums.First polarizing beam splitter mirror 3 and second polarizing beam splitter mirror 12 are respectively to the reflection of s polarized light, to the beam splitter of p polarized light transmission.What first beam splitter prism 6 and second beam splitter prism 10 adopted respectively and the input polarization state has nothing to do reflects the beam splitter prism of 4% transmission to input light 96%.First photodetector 7 and second photodetector 11 adopt four-quadrant photo detector respectively.
In this example, the first electric light control module 4, the second electric light control module 8, the 3rd electric light control module 13 and the 4th electric light control module 16 adopt PMN-PT transparent iron electric work energy stupalith respectively.When not applying voltage on the electric light control module, light does not change by the polarization state of electrooptic unit, when applying half-wave voltage on the electric light control module, selects to apply direction of an electric field and makes light revolve by electric light control module rear polarizer direction to turn 90 degrees.On off state 1 is realized input port one to output port one, and input port two is to the pass-through state of output port two; On off state 2 is realized input ports one to output port two, and input port two is to the intersection of output port one state that links.
Principle of work is as follows:
If light a, the b of two bundle random polarization states incide first birefringece crystal 1 from input port one, two respectively, enter first birefringece crystal 1 and be divided into the mutually perpendicular light in two bundle polarization directions respectively.Do reference system with the light working direction, the base of horizontal linear polarization polarization state of light and logical light xsect is parallel to each other, the perpendicular linear polarization polarization state of light is vertical with the base of logical light xsect, with about the logical light xsect, about two bisectors be benchmark, the polarization state change in location of input light on the logical light xsect of each birefringece crystal, wave plate, wave plate group, electric light control module and polarizing beam splitter mirror is described as: upper and lower, left and right, upper left, upper right, lower-left and bottom right.Select the optical axis direction of first birefringece crystal 1 to make horizontal linear polarization light be o light (ordinary light) for first birefringece crystal 1, directly by first birefringece crystal 1, perpendicular linear polarization light is e light (extraordinary ray) for first birefringece crystal 1, export after offseting downward certain distance during through first birefringece crystal 1, like this, input light a becomes the mutually perpendicular light in two bundle polarization directions up and down on the left side after through first birefringece crystal 1, and input light b becomes the mutually perpendicular light in two bundle polarization directions up and down on the right after through first birefringece crystal 1.
Light through a λ/2 wave plate groups 2 after, upper left horizontal linear polarization polarisation of light direction turn 90 degrees and becomes perpendicular linear polarization light, the perpendicular linear polarization polarisation of light direction of bottom right turn 90 degrees and becomes horizontal linear polarization light, lower-left and upper right polarization state are constant, so light becomes the two bundle perpendicular linear polarization light up and down on the left side through a λ/2 wave plate groups, 2 back input light a, input light b becomes the two bundle horizontal linear polarization light up and down on the right.
Above-mentioned four bundle light are during through first polarizing beam splitter mirror 3, and the left side is the two bundle perpendicular linear polarizations s polarized light of first polarizing beam splitter mirror 3 only up and down, are reflected, and the right is the two bundle horizontal linear polarization p polarized light of first polarizing beam splitter mirror 3 only up and down, and transmission is penetrated.
Optical path change situation when analyzing on off state 1 and on off state 2 respectively below after first polarizing beam splitter mirror 3.
Add half-wave voltage on off state 1, the first electric light control module 4 and the 4th electric light control module 16, making alive not on the second electric light control module 8 and the 3rd electric light control module 13.At this moment, light revolves through the first electric light control module 4 or the 4th electric light control module 16 polarization directions and turn 90 degrees, and light is constant through the second electric light control module 8 or the 3rd electric light control module 13 polarization states.
The optical path change situation of input light b at first is discussed.At this moment, input light b is through the first electric light control module 4, and the polarization direction turn 90 degrees and becomes perpendicular linear polarization light.Select the optical axis direction of second birefringece crystal 5 to make that perpendicular linear polarization light is the o light (ordinary light) of second birefringece crystal 5, then offset straight does not take place and connected second birefringece crystal 5 in b light.Through first beam splitter 6, most of reflection.During through second polarizing beam splitter mirror 12, because be perpendicular linear polarization light, i.e. the s polarized light of polarizing beam splitter mirror 12 is so be reflected.Through the 4th electric light control module 16, the polarization direction turn 90 degrees, and becomes horizontal linear polarization light.Behind the 3rd λ/2 wave plates 17, following light polarization direction turn 90 degrees and becomes orthogonal polarized light, and top horizontal linear polarization polarization state is constant.Again through the 5th birefringece crystal 18, select the optical axis direction of the 5th birefringece crystal 18, make that horizontal linear polarization light is its o light (ordinary light), offset straight does not take place to be connected, perpendicular linear polarization light is its e light (extraordinary ray), upwards be offset the certain distance outgoing, thus make b light when 18 outgoing of the 5th birefringece crystal up and down two-beam synthesize the light of initial polarization state again, from output port two outputs.
This state is imported the optical path change situation of light a below.Input light a through the second electric light control module 8 after, polarization state is constant.Select the 3rd birefringece crystal 9 optical axis directions to make that perpendicular linear polarization light is the o light (ordinary light) of the 3rd birefringece crystal 9, then offset straight does not take place and connected the 3rd birefringece crystal 9 in a light.Through second beam splitter 10, most of reflection.During through second polarizing beam splitter mirror 12, still be perpendicular linear polarization light, i.e. the s polarized light of second polarizing beam splitter mirror 12 is so be reflected.Through the 3rd electric light control module 13, polarization state is constant.Behind the 2nd λ/2 wave plates 14, top perpendicular linear polarization light polarization direction turn 90 degrees and becomes horizontal linear polarization light, and following perpendicular linear polarization polarization state of light is constant.Select the optical axis direction of the 4th birefringece crystal 15, make horizontal linear polarization light not connect for offset straight does not take place for its o light (ordinary light), perpendicular linear polarization light upwards is offset the certain distance outgoing for its e light (extraordinary ray), thereby synthesize the light of initial polarization state after making a light through the 4th birefringece crystal 15 again, by output port one output.
On off state 2, add half-wave voltage on the second electric light control module 8 and the 3rd electric light control module 13, making alive not on the first electric light control module 4 and the 4th electric light control module 16, this time revolves through the second electric light control module 8 or the 3rd electric light control module 13 polarization directions and turn 90 degrees, and light is constant through the first electric light control module 4 or the 4th electric light control module 16 polarization states.
The optical path change situation of input light b at first is discussed.At this moment, input light b is through the first electric light control module 4, and the polarization direction is constant.Select second birefringece crystal, 5 optical axis directions to make that this moment, the b light of horizontal linear polarization light was the e light (extraordinary ray) of second birefringece crystal 5, then b light is offset left behind the certain distance from 5 outgoing of second birefringece crystal.Through first beam splitter 6, most of reflection.During through second polarizing beam splitter mirror 12, b light still is horizontal linear polarization light, i.e. the p polarized light of second polarizing beam splitter mirror 12, and directly second polarizing beam splitter mirror 12 is crossed in transmission.Through the 3rd electrooptic unit 13, the polarization direction turn 90 degrees, and becomes perpendicular linear polarization light.Behind the 2nd λ/2 wave plates 14, top polarization state turn 90 degrees and becomes horizontal linear polarization light, and following perpendicular linear polarization polarization state of light is constant.Through synthesizing the light of initial polarization state behind the 4th birefringece crystal 15 again, from output port one output.
This state is imported the optical path change situation of light a down below.Input light a is through the second electric light control module 8, and the polarization direction turn 90 degrees and becomes horizontal linear polarization light.Select the optical axis of the 3rd birefringece crystal 9 to make be a of horizontal linear polarization light its e light (extraordinary ray) only this moment, then a light is offset certain distance left from 9 outgoing of the 3rd birefringece crystal.Through second beam splitter 10, most of reflection.Through second polarizing beam splitter mirror 12, be its p polarized light, directly second polarizing beam splitter mirror 12 is crossed in transmission.Through the 4th electrooptic unit 16, polarization state is constant.Behind the 3rd λ/2 wave plates 17, following horizontal linear polarization polarisation of light direction turn 90 degrees and becomes perpendicular linear polarization light, and top perpendicular linear polarization polarization state of light is constant.Through synthesizing the light of initial polarization state behind the 5th birefringece crystal 18 again, by output port two outputs.
Because the half-wave voltage of electrooptical material is with characteristics such as temperature drifts, the electric light control module is added certain predetermined voltage, and during light process electric light control module, its polarization state change amount can depart from former predetermined value, to cause the increase of device crosstalk, Insertion Loss like this, influence device performance.Among the present invention, at on off state 1, light not exclusively is perpendicular linear polarization light after through the first electric light control module 4, during again through second birefringece crystal 5, just have part light and be offset outgoing behind the certain distance left, rather than advance by the light path of the predetermined direct outgoing of non-migration fully.When light was through first beam splitter prism 6 then, the overwhelming majority was reflected, and continue at the light path relaying, and four bundle light of fraction transmission incided respectively in four photosensitive units of quadrant of first four-quadrant photo detector 7.First photodetector 7 is converted into electric signal output with the luminous power size that receives, and is used for institute's making alive size on FEEDBACK CONTROL first electric light control module 4 and the 4th electric light control module 16.Equally on off state 2, light not exclusively is horizontal linear polarization light after through the second electric light control module 8, during again through the 3rd birefringece crystal 9, has part light that skew does not take place and directly by the 3rd birefringece crystal 9.When light was through second beam splitter prism 10 then, the overwhelming majority was reflected, and continue at the light path relaying, and four bundle light of fraction transmission incided respectively in four photosensitive units of quadrant of second four-quadrant photo detector 11.Second photodetector 11 is converted into electric signal output with the luminous power size that receives, and is used for institute's making alive size on FEEDBACK CONTROL second electric light control module 8 and the 3rd electric light control module 13.Make light obtain correcting by such FEEDBACK CONTROL, reduce crosstalking of photoswitch greatly, and improved the reliability of photoswitch temperature, environment etc. through the skew of its change of polarization amount behind the electric light control module.
Claims (6)
1. one kind has the 2x2 high speed fibre switch that feeds back monitoring structure, it is characterized in that: on same horizontal optical path, set gradually first birefringece crystal (1), the one λ/2 wave plate groups (2), first polarizing beam splitter mirror (3), the first electric light control module (4), second birefringece crystal (5), first beam splitter prism (6) and first photodetector (7), on polarized light reflected light path perpendicular to first polarizing beam splitter mirror (3), set gradually the second electric light control module (8) along reflected light path, the 3rd birefringece crystal (9), second beam splitter prism (10) and second photodetector (11), on reflected light path perpendicular to first beam splitter prism (6), set gradually second polarizing beam splitter mirror (12) along reflected light path, the 3rd electric light control module (13), the 2nd λ/2 wave plates (14) and the 4th birefringece crystal (15), wherein, second polarizing beam splitter mirror (12) is in same horizontal optical path with second beam splitter prism (10), sets gradually the 4th electric light control module (16) in this horizontal optical path in the opposite side of second polarizing beam splitter mirror (12), the 3rd λ/2 wave plates (17) and the 5th birefringece crystal (18); λ/2 wave plates (201), (202) that a said λ/2 wave plate groups (2) are linked to each other by two diagonal angles in the upper left corner that is arranged in the optical path direction xsect and the lower right corner are formed, and the optical axis direction of every λ/2 wave plates is from the horizontal by 45 degree angles; Said the 2nd λ/2 wave plates (14) are the upper half plane of device at the optical path direction xsect, and optical axis direction and horizontal direction angle are λ/2 wave plates (140) of miter angle; Said the 3rd λ/2 wave plates (17) are the following demifacet of device at the optical path direction xsect, and optical axis direction and horizontal direction angle are λ/2 wave plates (170) of miter angle, first photodetector (7) is converted into electric signal output with the luminous power size that receives, be used for institute's making alive size on FEEDBACK CONTROL first electric light control module (4) and the 4th electric light control module (16), second photodetector (11) is converted into electric signal output with the luminous power size that receives, and is used for institute's making alive size on FEEDBACK CONTROL second electric light control module (8) and the 3rd electric light control module (13).
2. the 2x2 high speed fibre switch with feedback monitoring structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said first birefringece crystal (1), second birefringece crystal (5), the 3rd birefringece crystal (9), the 4th birefringece crystal (15) and the 5th birefringece crystal (18) are respectively vanadic acid yttrium or rutile.
3. the 2x2 high speed fibre switch with feedback monitoring structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said first polarizing beam splitter mirror (3) and second polarizing beam splitter mirror (12) are respectively to the reflection of s polarized light, to the beam splitter of p polarized light transmission.
4. the 2x2 high speed fibre switch with feedback monitoring structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the said first electric light control module (4), the second electric light control module (8), the 3rd electric light control module (13) and the 4th electric light control module (16) are respectively lithium columbate crystal or transparent iron electric work energy stupalith.
5. the 2x2 high speed fibre switch with feedback monitoring structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said first beam splitter prism (6) and second beam splitter prism (10) be respectively with the input polarization state irrelevant to 92%～98% reflection of input light, the beam splitter prism of 2%～8% transmission.
6. the 2x2 high speed fibre switch with feedback monitoring structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said first photodetector (7) and second photodetector (11) are respectively four-quadrant photo detector.
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| CN200710306808A CN100576021C (en) | 2007-12-29 | 2007-12-29 | A kind of 2x2 high speed fibre switch with feedback monitoring structure |
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| CN200710306808A CN100576021C (en) | 2007-12-29 | 2007-12-29 | A kind of 2x2 high speed fibre switch with feedback monitoring structure |
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| CN100576021C true CN100576021C (en) | 2009-12-30 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101769950B (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2012-05-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Full-optical fiber difference stream measuring device based on faraday effect |
| CN101762883B (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2011-07-20 | 浙江大学 | Polarization-independent micro optical fiber variable delay line |
| CN102135645B (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2013-11-06 | 华为技术有限公司 | Optical switch system and feedback control method of signal light |
| GB2531552B (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2017-12-27 | Polatis Ltd | Crosstalk reduction technique for multi-channel driver circuits |
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Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 2*2自对准光开关结构及设计. 周立兵，罗风光，曹明翠.华中科技大学学报（自然科学版），第33卷第12期. 2005 |
| 2*2自对准光开关结构及设计. 周立兵，罗风光，曹明翠.华中科技大学学报（自然科学版），第33卷第12期. 2005 * |
| 与偏振无关的双向2*2光纤光开关. 罗风光，曹明翠，徐军，周新军，万安君.光电子·激光，第12卷第10期. 2001 |
| 与偏振无关的双向2*2光纤光开关. 罗风光，曹明翠，徐军，周新军，万安君.光电子·激光，第12卷第10期. 2001 * |
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