CN100570952C - The extensible solid surface antenna reflective face of shape-memory material - Google Patents
The extensible solid surface antenna reflective face of shape-memory material Download PDFInfo
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- CN100570952C CN100570952C CNB2007100720286A CN200710072028A CN100570952C CN 100570952 C CN100570952 C CN 100570952C CN B2007100720286 A CNB2007100720286 A CN B2007100720286A CN 200710072028 A CN200710072028 A CN 200710072028A CN 100570952 C CN100570952 C CN 100570952C
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Abstract
The extensible solid surface antenna reflective face of shape-memory material, it relates to a kind of reflecting surface of deployable antenna.It is in order to solve existing space flight and can not to satisfy heavy caliber simultaneously with the deployable antenna reflector and in the problem of high band operation.Its reflecting surface body (1) is the middle paraboloidal that is provided with circular open, upper edge at the back side of reflecting surface body (1) is fixedly connected with the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement (2), lower edge at the back side of reflecting surface body (1) is fixedly connected with the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement (3), and the back side of the reflecting surface body (1) between the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement (2) and the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement (3) is provided with the radially reinforced sheet (4) that the parabola direction is arranged.It is the surface of solids, and antenna aperture is big, working frequency range is high (can be higher than 40GHz), the surface density of reflecting surface is low, antenna gain is higher, and structure is comparatively simple, and system configuration and controlling unit are few, the reliability height of system works.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of reflecting surface of deployable antenna.
Background technology
Because the spatial limitation of carrying space aircraft, space flight must be folding before emission with the deployable antenna reflector, when need to launch automatically when rail is worked.Space flight must have performances such as lightweight, high reliability with the deployable antenna reflector.Along with the fast development of space technology, satellite communication, radio astronomy and Radar Technology, space flight increases greatly with the demand of deployable antenna reflector.
Space flight structurally mainly comprises with opening up antenna reflector: reflecting surface of deployable antenna, the back of the body frame system and feed, its operating frequency are generally high band (1GHz～100GHz).Space flight generally is divided into two classes with the deployable antenna reflector by structure: 1, meshy surface deployable antenna reflector, and its working frequency range is lower than 40GHz, mainly is the reflector of meshy surface, light structures; 2, surface of solids deployable antenna reflector, its working frequency range is higher than 40GHz, mainly is the surface of solids, big quality and baroque reflector.
Meshy surface deployable antenna reflector is the main type of existing space deployable antenna, and its primary structure characteristics are to have netted deployable reflecting surface.The bore of meshy surface deployable antenna reflector is bigger, and this kind antenna can be with the smaller volume fold storage before emission, and elastic strain energy and mounted resistance are all less, lighter weight, and antenna launches with the volume ratio of antenna contraction state bigger.But shortcoming is that the surface accuracy of its netted deployable reflecting surface is lower, and mesh structural porous structure makes the reflectible signal frequency of structure lower (generally can not be higher than 40GHz), and the signal transmission precision is low, and antenna gain is lower, and structure is comparatively complicated, and the reliability of the expansion and the course of work is corresponding lower.In addition, existing meshy surface deployable antenna reflector need dispose priming system and launch trigger equipment, and the impact that during this device release system is produced is big, and the reliability of whole development system is low.
The reflecting surface of surface of solids deployable reflector is the surface of solids, and advantage comprises frequency transmission signal height, transmission rate height, loss is little, precision is high, the error rate is low, antenna gain is higher.But, make heavy caliber, high-precision reflecting surface of deployable antenna, its complex structure, quality are big, cost is high, the system motion degree of freedom is lower, reliability is lower, and therefore existing space flight is all less with the bore of surface of solids deployable antenna reflector, and its range of application is very limited.
In a word, existing space flight can not be satisfied heavy caliber with the deployable antenna reflector and simultaneously in two instructions for uses of high band operation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve existing space flight and can not to satisfy heavy caliber simultaneously with the deployable antenna reflector and in the problem of high band operation, and proposes a kind of extensible solid surface antenna reflective face of shape-memory material.
The present invention by reflecting surface body 1, the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 2, the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 3 and radially reinforced sheet 4 form; Reflecting surface body 1 is the middle paraboloidal that is provided with circular open, upper edge at the back side of reflecting surface body 1 is fixedly connected with the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 2, the back side that lower edge at the back side of reflecting surface body 1 is fixedly connected with the reflecting surface body 1 between the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement, 3, the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcements 2 and the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 3 is provided with the radially reinforced sheet 4 that the parabola direction is arranged.
Adopt the present invention to have following characteristics:
1, the extensible solid surface antenna reflective face of shape-memory material is the surface of solids, and antenna aperture is big, working frequency range is high (can be higher than 40GHz), the surface density of reflecting surface is low, antenna gain is higher.
2, use composite material of shape memory to drive and the rigid support device as launching simultaneously.Material relies on the hot critical self-excitation (glass transition) of self to realize the startup of expansion and the whole process of motion, and output expansion power can satisfy system requirements, and the expansion motion process is mild.Simultaneously, launch in the course of work of back structure to be played the rigid support effect, keep the surface configuration and the whole system operation of reflecting surface at antenna reflective face.In addition, the extensible solid surface antenna reflective face of shape-memory material makes the deployable antenna reflector structure comparatively simple, and system configuration and controlling unit are few, the reliability height of system works.
3, need not that priming system launches trigger equipment, impact is little, reliability is high.Composite material of shape memory below glass transition temperature has the material character of conventional resin composite materials, as higher modulus of elasticity and bending modulus (tens to hundreds of GPa magnitude).This can constitute strong constraint to antenna reflector, before emission and in the emission process, need not the priming system device and come locking system, but reach glass transition temperature when above when composite material of shape memory, rely on the bigger damping of material to come to drive slowly, stably the entire antenna reflector system and realize launching.Do not trigger this process of priming system because the extensible solid surface antenna reflective face of shape-memory material explodes, aerospace craft also can not be subjected to greater impact.
4. but the high folding recovery strain of composite material of shape memory makes the deployable antenna reflector have the volume ratio of bigger expansion and contraction.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention; Fig. 2 is an end view of the present invention; Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiment 12; Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is the b partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 3.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 present embodiment is described, present embodiment by reflecting surface body 1, the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 2, the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 3 and radially reinforced sheet 4 form; Reflecting surface body 1 is the middle paraboloidal that is provided with circular open, upper edge at the back side of reflecting surface body 1 is fixedly connected with the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 2, the back side that lower edge at the back side of reflecting surface body 1 is fixedly connected with the reflecting surface body 1 between the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement, 3, the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcements 2 and the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 3 is provided with the radially reinforced sheet 4 that the parabola direction is arranged; The first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 2 and the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 3 provide the hoop rigidity of parabola vertical direction, and radially reinforced sheet 4 provides along the radial rigidity of parabola direction.The first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 2, the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 3 and the rigid support that realizes total of reinforced sheet 4 radially.
Embodiment two: in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 present embodiment is described, present embodiment and embodiment one difference are that the thickness of the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 2 and the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 3 is respectively 0.02～80mm; Other composition is identical with embodiment one with connected mode.
Embodiment three: present embodiment and embodiment two differences are that the composite material of shape memory of the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 2 and the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 3 is made up of shape memory polymer material, wild phase material and/or resistance material; The volume content of each component material is: 5～98 parts of shape memory polymer materials, 2～95 parts of wild phase materials, 0～100 part of resistance heating material; Other composition is identical with embodiment two with connected mode.
Embodiment four: present embodiment and embodiment three differences are that the volume content of each component material of the composite material of shape memory of the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 2 and the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 3 is: 30～80 parts of shape memory polymer materials, 20～70 parts of wild phase materials, 0～20 part of resistance heating material; Other composition is identical with embodiment three with connected mode.
Embodiment five: present embodiment and embodiment three differences are that the volume content of each component material of the composite material of shape memory of the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 2 and the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 3 is: 40～60 parts of shape memory polymer materials, 40～60 parts of wild phase materials, 0～10 part of resistance heating material; Other composition is identical with embodiment three with connected mode.
Embodiment six: present embodiment and embodiment three differences are that the shape memory polymer material of the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 2 and the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 3 is the polystyrene shape-memory polymer, the epoxy resin shape-memory polymer, cyanate is a shape-memory polymer, shape memory polyurethane, the shape memory polyester, the shape memory Styrene-Butadiene, shape memory using trans-polyisoprene or shape memory polynorbornene.Other composition is identical with embodiment three with connected mode.
Embodiment seven: present embodiment and embodiment three differences are that the wild phase material of the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 2 and the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 3 is one or more mixes in graphite fibre, carbon fiber, glass fibre, Kevlar fiber, boron fibre, silicon carbide fibre, carbon black, carbon nano-tube, nickel powder, graphite powder, whisker, silicon carbide powder, copper powder, silver powder and the aluminium powder.Other composition is identical with embodiment three with connected mode.
Embodiment eight: present embodiment and embodiment three differences are that resistance material is one or more mixes in nichrome resistance material, nickel chromium iron resistance material, siderochrome resistance material, nickel chromium triangle ferro-aluminum resistance material, siderochrome aluminium resistance material, molybdenum resistance material, pure nickel resistance material, copper-manganese resistance material, constantan resistance material, copper nickel resistance material, iron resistance material, copper resistance material, the electric resistance of stainless material.Other composition is identical with embodiment three with connected mode.
Embodiment nine: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, present embodiment and embodiment one difference are that the material of reflecting surface body 1 is pellicular resins foundation stone China ink fibre reinforced composites, resin-based carbon fiber reinforced composite, a kind of in China ink fibre reinforced composites of the pellicular resins foundation stone after the metallization or the resin-based carbon fiber reinforced composite after metallization, and the thickness of reflecting surface body 1 is 0.02～40mm; The outer radius of reflecting surface body 1 is 0.5～60m; The inside radius of reflecting surface body 1 is 0.1～2m; The focal length of the paraboloid of revolution of reflecting surface body 1 is 0.025～2.5 with the ratio of the paraboloid of revolution bore of reflecting surface body 1.Other composition is identical with embodiment one with connected mode.
Embodiment ten: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, present embodiment and embodiment one difference are that radially the thickness of reinforced sheet 4 is 0.02～80mm, and radially the material of reinforced sheet 4 is a kind of in resin-based graphite fiber reinforced composite, resin-based carbon fiber reinforced composite, graphite fibre parcel honeycomb interlayer panel material, carbon fiber parcel honeycomb interlayer panel material, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, aluminium alloy, titanium magnesium alloy, aluminium lithium alloy, almag, aluminium-cooper-maganesium alloy, aluminum bronze manganese alloy, aluminium lithium alloy or the mg-si master alloy.Other composition is identical with embodiment one with connected mode.
Embodiment 11: in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 present embodiment is described, present embodiment and embodiment one difference are that the area of reflecting surface body 1 and the total area ratio of the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 2 and the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 3 are 50～2: 1; Other composition is identical with embodiment one with connected mode.
Embodiment 12: in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 present embodiment is described, present embodiment and embodiment one difference are that the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 2, the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 3 and reinforced sheet 4 radially and reflecting surface body 1 adopt bonding, mechanical connection or bonding and being connected that mechanical connection combines.Other composition is identical with embodiment one with connected mode.
Embodiment 13: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 4, present embodiment and embodiment one difference are also to comprise the first conduction conductor 5 and the second conduction conductor 6, the edge of the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 2 is provided with a pair of first conduction conductor 5, the edge of the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 3 is provided with a pair of second conduction conductor, 6, the first conduction conductors 5 and is connected with the both positive and negative polarity of power supply respectively with the second conduction conductor 6; The first conduction conductor 5 and the second conduction conductor 6 are connected in resistance heating material or the wild phase material on graphite fibre or the carbon fiber.Other composition is identical with embodiment one with connected mode.
Embodiment 14: present embodiment and embodiment 13 differences are that the first conduction conductor 5 and the second conduction conductor 6 are connected in resistance heating material or the wild phase material on graphite fibre or the carbon fiber; Voltage is directly loaded on the first conduction conductor 5 and the second conduction conductor 6, make in resistance heating material or the wild phase material graphite fibre or carbon fiber heating with to the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 2 and 3 heating of the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement, to realize motion from folding contraction state to deployed condition; Other composition is identical with embodiment 13 with connected mode.
Embodiment 15: present embodiment and embodiment one difference are that the mode of heating of the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 2 and the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement 3 directly heats composite material of shape memory for the x radiation x that exists by the space space environment, to realize the motion of composite material of shape memory from folding contraction state to deployed condition; Other composition is identical with embodiment one with connected mode.
Launch deformation process: before the aerospace craft emission, the hoop reinforcement energising of the extensible solid surface antenna reflective face of shape-memory material is heated to more than the glass transition temperature of composite material of shape memory, hoop reinforcement modulus of elasticity descends, material softening, at this moment under external force, with gauffer number and the contraction bore of reflecting surface of deployable antenna restrained deformation to designing requirement, reflecting surface body 1 shrinks and is folded into umbellate form gauffer shape structure; Keeping under the constant condition of external constraint, deployable antenna reflecting surface body 1 is cooled to below the glass transition temperature of composite material of shape memory, hoop reinforcement modulus of elasticity rises, hardened material, remove external constraint, deployable antenna reflecting surface body 1 fixed in shape is fixed in the deployable antenna reflector that folds contraction state in the aerospace craft; After rail flight, to the hoop reinforcement heating of deployable antenna reflector, the hoop reinforcement drives the reflecting surface of deployable antenna deformation-recovery to deployed condition at aerospace craft, and the deployable antenna reflector realizes launching and entering operating state.The hoop reinforcement plays the double action of structural bearing and Drive Structure expansion.The feed that the deployable solid antenna reflective face of shape-memory material is installed is identical with general netted deployable antenna with back of the body frame support structure.
Claims (10)
1, the extensible solid surface antenna reflective face of shape-memory material, the extensible solid surface antenna reflective face that it is characterized in that shape-memory material comprise reflecting surface body (1), the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement (2), the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement (3) and reinforced sheet (4) radially; Reflecting surface body (1) is the middle paraboloidal that is provided with circular open, upper edge at the back side of reflecting surface body (1) is fixedly connected with the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement (2), lower edge at the back side of reflecting surface body (1) is fixedly connected with the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement (3), and the back side of the reflecting surface body (1) between the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement (2) and the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement (3) is provided with the radially reinforced sheet (4) that the parabola direction is arranged.
2, the extensible solid surface antenna reflective face of shape-memory material according to claim 1 is characterized in that the thickness of the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement (2) and the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement (3) is 0.02～80mm.
3, the extensible solid surface antenna reflective face of shape-memory material according to claim 2 is characterized in that the composite material of shape memory of the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement (2) and the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement (3) is made up of shape memory polymer material, wild phase material and/or resistance material.
4, the extensible solid surface antenna reflective face of shape-memory material according to claim 3, the volume content of each component material that it is characterized in that the composite material of shape memory of the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement (2) and the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement (3) is: 5～98 parts of shape memory polymer materials, 2～95 parts of wild phase materials, 0～100 part of resistance heating material.
5, the extensible solid surface antenna reflective face of shape-memory material according to claim 4, the shape memory polymer material that it is characterized in that the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement (2) and the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement (3) are that polystyrene shape-memory polymer, epoxy resin shape-memory polymer, cyanate are shape-memory polymer, shape memory polyurethane, shape memory polyester, shape memory Styrene-Butadiene, shape memory using trans-polyisoprene or shape memory polynorbornene; The wild phase material is one or more the mixing in graphite fibre, carbon fiber, glass fibre, Kevlar fiber, boron fibre, silicon carbide fibre, carbon black, carbon nano-tube, nickel powder, graphite powder, whisker, silicon carbide powder, copper powder, silver powder and the aluminium powder; Resistance material is one or more the mixing in nichrome resistance material, nickel chromium iron resistance material, siderochrome resistance material, nickel chromium triangle ferro-aluminum resistance material, siderochrome aluminium resistance material, molybdenum resistance material, pure nickel resistance material, copper-manganese resistance material, constantan resistance material, copper nickel resistance material, iron resistance material, copper resistance material, the electric resistance of stainless material.
6, the extensible solid surface antenna reflective face of shape-memory material according to claim 1, the material that it is characterized in that reflecting surface body (1) is pellicular resins foundation stone China ink fibre reinforced composites, resin-based carbon fiber reinforced composite, a kind of in the China ink of the pellicular resins foundation stone after metallization fibre reinforced composites, resin-based carbon fiber reinforced composite after metallization, and the thickness of reflecting surface body (1) is 0.02～40mm; The outer radius of reflecting surface body (1) is 0.5～60m; The inside radius of reflecting surface body (1) is 0.05～2m; The ratio of the paraboloid of revolution bore of the focal length of the paraboloid of revolution of reflecting surface body (1) and reflecting surface body (1) is 0.025～2.5.
7, the extensible solid surface antenna reflective face of shape-memory material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that radially the thickness of reinforced sheet (4) is 0.02～80mm, radially the material of reinforced sheet (4) is a kind of in resin-based graphite fiber reinforced composite, resin-based carbon fiber reinforced composite, graphite fibre parcel honeycomb interlayer panel material, carbon fiber parcel honeycomb interlayer panel material, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, aluminium alloy, titanium magnesium alloy, aluminium lithium alloy, almag, aluminium-cooper-maganesium alloy, aluminum bronze manganese alloy, aluminium lithium alloy, the mg-si master alloy.
8, the extensible solid surface antenna reflective face of shape-memory material according to claim 1 is characterized in that the area of reflecting surface body (1) and the total area ratio of the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement (2) and the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement (3) are 50～2: 1.
9, the extensible solid surface antenna reflective face of shape-memory material according to claim 1 is characterized in that the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement (2), the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement (3) and reinforced sheet (4) radially and reflecting surface body (1) adopt bonding, mechanical connection or bonding and being connected that mechanical connection combines.
10, the extensible solid surface antenna reflective face of shape-memory material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that it also comprises the first conduction conductor (5) and the second conduction conductor (6), the edge of the first shape-memory material hoop reinforcement (2) is provided with a pair of first conduction conductor (5), the edge of the second shape-memory material hoop reinforcement (3) is provided with a pair of second conduction conductor (6), and the first conduction conductor (5) is connected with the both positive and negative polarity of power supply respectively with the second conduction conductor (6); The first conduction conductor (5) and second conducts electricity conductor (6) and is connected in resistance heating material or the wild phase material on graphite fibre or the carbon fiber.
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