CN100567251C - A kind of synthesis process of tert-butyl amine - Google Patents
A kind of synthesis process of tert-butyl amine Download PDFInfo
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- CN100567251C CN100567251C CNB2007100168290A CN200710016829A CN100567251C CN 100567251 C CN100567251 C CN 100567251C CN B2007100168290 A CNB2007100168290 A CN B2007100168290A CN 200710016829 A CN200710016829 A CN 200710016829A CN 100567251 C CN100567251 C CN 100567251C
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- tertiary butyl
- butyl amine
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- vitriol
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- YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylamine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen cyanide Chemical compound N#C LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010669 acid-base reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- GIVHXRKHIZCUMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)(C)(C)OC.C#N Chemical compound C(C)(C)(C)OC.C#N GIVHXRKHIZCUMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012847 fine chemical Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 13
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bisulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].OS([O-])(=O)=O BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 butyl carbonium ion Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 2
- JQXXHWHPUNPDRT-WLSIYKJHSA-N rifampicin Chemical compound O([C@](C1=O)(C)O/C=C/[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)\C=C\C=C(C)/C(=O)NC=2C(O)=C3C([O-])=C4C)C)OC)C4=C1C3=C(O)C=2\C=N\N1CC[NH+](C)CC1 JQXXHWHPUNPDRT-WLSIYKJHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formic acid Chemical compound OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006434 Ritter amidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007171 acid catalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004176 ammonification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclobenzothiazole Natural products C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- SDLAKRCBYGZJRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-tert-butylformamide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NC=O SDLAKRCBYGZJRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- SUSQOBVLVYHIEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylacetonitrile Chemical compound N#CCC1=CC=CC=C1 SUSQOBVLVYHIEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960001225 rifampicin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to field of fine chemical, be mainly used in the intermediate feed of rubber accelerator NS and medicament benemicin---the synthesis technique of TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE.It is characterized in that: methyl tertiary butyl ether-prussic acid method production TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE, under normal pressure, in methyl tertiary butyl ether, add prussic acid, add the vitriol oil again and carry out abundant catalyzed reaction, make full use of the methyl alcohol that generates in the catalyzed reaction, add that entry is hydrolyzed, depth hydrolysis, esterification, distill out methyl-formiate and reach the not methyl alcohol of complete reaction, with in the aqua calcis and the vitriol of TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE displace TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE, obtain the TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE product by rectifying, generate byproduct calcium sulfate simultaneously.The present invention adopts water to replace that methyl alcohol is hydrolyzed, esterification, in and raw material adopt calcium hydroxide production TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE, have that technology is simple, with short production cycle, yield is high, a constant product quality, production cost is low, environmental pollution is little characteristics.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fine-chemical intermediate production technical field, be mainly used in the synthesis technique of the intermediate feed-TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE of synthetic rubber accelerator NS and medicament benemicin.
Background technology
TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE products characteristics and physicochemical property:
Molecular formula: C
4H
11N
Structural formula:
Molecular weight: 73.14
Title: TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE, another name tert-butyl amine, 2-aminoisobutyric alkane
Proportion: 0.6958 (20 ℃)
Fusing point :-67.5 ℃
Boiling point: 43.6 ℃
Specific refractory power (18 ℃): 1.3794
Flash-point: 10 ℃.
Under the room temperature, TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE is a colourless transparent liquid, the ammonia stink is arranged, can be miscible with water, ethanol, be dissolved in ordinary organic solvents, be a kind of organic synthesis intermediate, the raw material of useful as drug (Rifampin), sterilant, sterilant and dyestuff etc., its main application is synthetic rubber promotor " N tert butyl benzothiazole 2 sulfenamide " (being called for short NS).
At present, it is several that the production method of domestic TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE mainly contains Wyler's process, iso-butylene-prussic acid method and methyl tert-butyl ether-prussic acid method etc., is described below respectively.
(1) Wyler's process
The trimethyl carbinol and urea carry out condensation under the effect of the vitriol oil, with the liquid caustic soda neutralization, do through washing, filter again, mix heat altogether with liquid caustic soda and ethylene glycol, collect 40-60 ℃ distillment, add solid caustic soda then and carry out drying, it promptly is the TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE product that 44-47 ℃ cut is collected in the normal pressure fractionation.The productive rate of this method is very little, and technology is quite complicated, is not suitable for using in industrial production.
(2) iso-butylene-prussic acid method
Do at the vitriol oil with iso-butylene and prussic acid to react under the situation of catalyzer, then with the ammonia neutralization, the production TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE, and produce monoammonium sulfate.Concrete reaction equation is:
1)(CH
3)
2C＝CH
2+HCN+H
2SO
4+2H
2O→(CH
3)
3CNH
2·H
2SO
4+HCOOH
2)(CH
3)
3CNH
2·H
2SO
4+NH
3→(CH
3)
3CNH
2+NH
4HSO
4
Obtain tert-butylformamide by iso-butylene and HCN, water addition under sulfuric acid catalysis, hydrolysis obtains TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE again.This method claims Ritter reaction again.U.S. rom Haars Co., Ltd just adopts this method to produce, and earlier by iso-butylene and HCN and sulfuric acid reaction production TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE vitriol, with the ammonia neutralization, makes TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE again, simultaneously the by-product monoammonium sulfate.
This technological operation is comparatively simple, and quality product is better, and U.S. Rohm and Haas Company (US) Independenec Mall West, Philadelphia, Pennsy Lvania 1, Japanese Degussa Corporation all adopt this method.But owing to iso-butylene, HCN all belong to hard-to-get commodity at home, so adopt this method production TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE cost higher at present.Industrialization in China has little significance.
(3) iso-butylene ammoniation process
The iso-butylene ammonification belongs to a kind of balanced reaction, and the transformation efficiency under industrial condition is very low, and less than 20%, a large amount of unreacted raw materials need recycle.Reach reasonableness economically, just require catalyzer to have high reactivity, highly selective, long lifetime, therefore seeking appropriate catalyst becomes this method most critical issue.
This method cost is low, pollutes for a short time, but the Technology difficulty is big, is reflected under the High Temperature High Pressure to carry out, to the equipment requirements height.
This method should be the synthetic industrialization direction of TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE, pollute little, level of automation height, but because temperature of reaction reaches 350 ℃, and reaction pressure is 30MPa, Technology requires high, difficulty is big, and productive rate is low; To the requirement height of equipment quality, the present domestic commercial production conditions that also do not possess.
(4) N-tert.-butylbenzene acetamide hydrolysis method
This technology was succeeded in developing by German Bayer AG in nineteen eighty-three, and the TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE massfraction is that 95.6%, two step total recovery surpasses 75%.Also can make N-tert.-butylbenzene ethanamide, make toluylic acid and TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE through basic hydrolysis again by benzyl cyanide and trimethyl carbinol reaction.Be difficult to form large-scale industrial production in China.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE production technique, and this explained hereafter cost is lower, environmental pollution is little.
The present invention solves the scheme that its technical problem adopts: design a kind of synthesis process of tert-butyl amine, it is characterized in that under normal pressure that prussic acid mixes with methyl tertiary butyl ether drips the vitriol oil and carries out catalyzed reaction, catalytic reaction products is hydrolyzed and reacts the vitriol that generates TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE, the carboxylic acid that methyl alcohol that catalyzed reaction generates and hydrolysis reaction generate carries out esterification simultaneously and generates methyl-formiate, then methyl-formiate and unreacted methanol fractionation by distillation are come out, carry out acid-base reaction afterwards, TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE is cemented out, obtain the finished product TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE by rectifying at last.
Among the present invention, the mol ratio of described each raw material is:
Prussic acid: methyl tertiary butyl ether=1: (0.5～1.5)
Methyl tertiary butyl ether: the vitriol oil=1: (0.5～1.5)
Methyl tertiary butyl ether: water=1: (0.5～5)
Methyl tertiary butyl ether: alkali=1: (0.5～2).
The present invention has made full use of the methyl alcohol that generates in the catalyzed reaction, and replaces with a certain proportion of water that methyl alcohol is hydrolyzed, esterification, and the hydrolysis temperature of catalytic reaction products is 40～80 ℃, and esterification reaction temperature is: 50～80 ℃.
In the acid-base neutralisation reaction process, the TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE vitriol that distillation is finished directly is added dropwise in the alkaline solution, and control neutralization reaction temperature is at 20～80 ℃.The used alkali of neutralization reaction is calcium hydroxide aqueous solution, and described calcium hydroxide mixed solution mass percent concentration is 5%～80%.
After the acid-base reaction, 30-100 ℃ of distillation temperature of control collected 40～45 ℃ cut through rectifying then and promptly obtained the product TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE, collects 46～100 ℃ cut, obtains thick TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE product.
The beneficial effect that the present invention had is:
1. the hydrolysis of synthetic TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE technology, esterification process and production technique is different both at home and abroad. prussic acid mixes the dropping vitriol oil and carries out catalyzed reaction in the technology of the present invention with methyl tertiary butyl ether, after finishing, reaction the methyl alcohol that generates is not steamed, but add directly that entry is hydrolyzed, depth hydrolysis, esterification generate methyl-formiate, then the methyl-formiate fractionation by distillation is come out.Process makes full use of the present invention the methyl alcohol that generates in the catalyzed reaction, and replace methyl alcohol to promote hydrolysis, esterification with a certain proportion of water, need not add fresh methanol once more.Saved technological process and raw material, thereby reduced cost.
2. the neutralization reaction of synthetic TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE technology used in different with raw material with domestic and international production technique.Technology of the present invention is with isolating TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE with TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE vitriol in the calcium hydroxide aqueous solution, generating calcium sulfate and portion water simultaneously.Reduce the consumption of refrigerating duty, shortened the production cycle, reduced production cost.
3. technology of the present invention is simple, and reaction conditions is loose, and yield height, good product quality, production cost greatly reduce, environmental pollution is little, help realizing suitability for industrialized production, can satisfy the demand of enterprise's production and domestic and international market fully.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below set forth the building-up process of TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE.
One, synthesis process of tert-butyl amine
(1) catalyzed reaction
Under the vitriolic effect, methyl tertiary butyl ether generates incomplete tertiary butyl carbonium ion, and this carbonium ion combines with cyanide ion, and the fracture of carbon nitrogen triple-linked takes place under the vitriolic effect.
HCN+ (CH
3)
3COCH
3+ H
2SO
4-→ A (intermediate)+alcohol
(2) hydrolysis reaction
Catalytic reaction products and water reaction generate the vitriol of TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE.
1. A (intermediate)+H
2O-→ B (intermediate)+H
2SO
4
②B+H
2SO
4+H
2O-→{(CH
3)
3CNH
2}·H
2SO
4+C
(3) esterification
Alcohol that generates in the catalyzed reaction and hydrolysis generate C and carry out esterification generation ester simultaneously, and the TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE vitriol that generates with hydrolysis forms mixture.
C+CH
3OH-→ H
2The O+ ester
(4) neutralization reaction
Neutralize sulfuric acid in the TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE vitriol with calcium hydroxide, TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE is cemented out, produce byproduct calcium sulfate and portion water simultaneously.
{(CH3)3CNH2}·H2SO4+Ca(OH)2-→(CH3)3CNH2+CaSO4+2H2O
Two, concrete operations step is:
(1) MTBE and prussic acid react under the katalysis of the vitriol oil.
(2) catalytic reaction products is at 10～100 ℃, and reaction is hydrolyzed under preferred 40～80 ℃.
(3) alcohol of the acid of hydrolysis generation and catalyzed reaction generation carries out esterification generation ester, and esterification reaction temperature is preferably in 60～75 ℃, and control 40-170 ℃ of distillation temperature (not comprising end value), collected corresponding cut by preferred 60～110 ℃.Distill out the not methyl alcohol of complete reaction simultaneously.
(4) carry out acid-base reaction, calcium hydroxide aqueous solution as in and raw material.30-100 ℃ of distillation temperature of control collected 40～45 ℃ cut through rectifying then and promptly obtained the product TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE, and the cut of collecting 46～100 ℃ promptly obtains thick TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE product.
Three, the mol ratio of each raw material is:
Methyl tertiary butyl ether: prussic acid=1: (0.5～1.5)
Methyl tertiary butyl ether: the vitriol oil=1: (0.5～1.5)
Methyl tertiary butyl ether: water=1: (0.5～5)
Methyl tertiary butyl ether: alkali=1: (0.5～2)
Four, the hydrolysis of synthesis process of tert-butyl amine, esterification, neutralization reaction technology are:
(1) catalytic reaction products is transferred in the esterifying kettle, adds 10～100 ℃ of quantitative water management, is hydrolyzed under preferred 40～80 ℃, esterification, generates the vitriol of TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE.Note controls reaction speed, preventing that the over-drastic heat release from causing boiling spatters.The methyl alcohol that carboxylic acid that hydrolysis produces and catalyzed reaction produce carries out esterification simultaneously and generates methyl-formiate.Control distillation temperature 40-170 ℃ then, preferred 60～120 ℃ are distilled, and collect corresponding cut, reclaim methyl-formiate through condenser condenses.Distill out the not methyl alcohol of complete reaction simultaneously.
(2) the TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE vitriol in the esterifying kettle is squeezed into and is carried out acid-base reaction in the still kettle, use in the aqua calcis work and raw material, 20～80 ℃ of control neutralization reaction temperature are controlled distillation temperature 30-100 ℃ then, and the cut of collecting 40-45 ℃ through rectifying promptly obtains the product TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE.The cut of collecting 46-100 ℃ obtains thick TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE product, generates byproduct calcium sulfate simultaneously.
Embodiment one:
(1) the catalytic reaction products reaction that under 65 ℃, is hydrolyzed.
(2) alcohol of the acid of hydrolysis generation and catalyzed reaction generation carries out esterification generation ester, and 105 ℃ of control distillation temperatures are collected corresponding cut.Distill out the not methyl alcohol of complete reaction simultaneously.
(3) carry out acid-base reaction, adopting mass concentration is in 13% the aqua calcis and TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE vitriol, and 30-100 ℃ of control distillation temperature collected 43 ℃ cut through rectifying then and promptly obtained the product TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE.The yield of TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE is: 90%, and purity is:＞99.5%
More than the mole proportioning of each raw material, according to following setting:
Methyl tertiary butyl ether: prussic acid=1: 1
Methyl tertiary butyl ether: the vitriol oil=1: 1
Methyl tertiary butyl ether: water=1: 3
Methyl tertiary butyl ether: calcium hydroxide=1: 1.5
Below for adopting the embodiment of different technologies parameter production TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE, the result of each embodiment is under the equal prerequisite of other technical qualification (according to the condition of embodiment 1), when only changing a certain condition to the influence of reaction.
Embodiment two to four has listed methyl tertiary butyl ether: the vitriol oil=1: in (0.5～1.5) proportioning, different proportionings are to the influence of reaction.
Embodiment two
Methyl tertiary butyl ether: the vitriol oil=1: 0.5 o'clock, TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE yield 45%, purity is 80%.
Embodiment three:
Methyl tertiary butyl ether: the vitriol oil=1: 1 o'clock, TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE yield 90%, purity is 99.5%.
Embodiment four
Methyl tertiary butyl ether: the vitriol oil=1: 1.5 o'clock, TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE yield 60%, purity is 80%.
Embodiment five to seven lists methyl tertiary butyl ether: water=1: in (0.5～5) proportioning, different proportionings are to the influence of reaction.
Embodiment five
Methyl tertiary butyl ether: water=1: 0.5 o'clock, TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE yield are 60%, and purity is 80%.
Embodiment six
Methyl tertiary butyl ether: water=1: 5 o'clock, TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE yield are 60%, and purity is 80%.
Embodiment seven
Methyl tertiary butyl ether: water=1: 3 o'clock, TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE yield are 90%, and purity is 99.5%.
Embodiment eight to ten be catalytic reaction products at 10～100 ℃, controls reaction speed is noted in the reaction that is hydrolyzed under preferred 40～80 ℃, prevents from that the over-drastic heat release from causing boiling to spatter.Listed of the influence of different hydrolysis temperatures to reaction.
Embodiment eight:
The catalytic reaction products reaction that is hydrolyzed under 10 ℃, the sluggish yield is reduced to 60%.
Embodiment nine
The catalytic reaction products reaction that is hydrolyzed under 65 ℃, the reacting balance stable yield is 90%.
Embodiment ten
The catalytic reaction products reaction that is hydrolyzed under 100 ℃ is reacted violent yield and is reduced to 80%
Embodiment 11 to 13 sets forth the acid of hydrolysis generation and the alcohol of acidification reaction generation carries out esterification generation ester, and 40-170 ℃ of control still kettle temperature, collected corresponding cut by preferred 60～110 ℃.Distill out the not methyl alcohol of complete reaction simultaneously.
Embodiment 11
Not discharging of methyl alcohol during 40 ℃ of still kettles.
Embodiment 12
Methyl alcohol can distill thoroughly in the time of 105 ℃.
Embodiment 13
The excessively effective loss of material of distillation in the time of 170 ℃, yield reduces.
Embodiment 14-16 has listed methyl tertiary butyl ether: calcium hydroxide=1: in (0.5～2.0) proportioning, different proportionings are to the influence of reaction.
Embodiment 14:
Methyl tertiary butyl ether: calcium hydroxide=1: 0.5 o'clock, TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE yield are 60%, and purity is 98.5%.
Embodiment 15
Methyl tertiary butyl ether: calcium hydroxide=1: 1.5 o'clock, TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE yield are 92%, and purity is 99.5%.
Embodiment 16
Methyl tertiary butyl ether: calcium hydroxide=1: 2 o'clock, TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE yield are 92.5%, and purity is 99.5%.
Having listed aqua calcis concentration among the embodiment 17-19 is in 5%～80% proportioning, and different proportionings are to the influence of reaction.
Embodiment 17
When concentration of sodium hydroxide solution was 5%, the TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE yield was 80%, and purity is 99%.
Embodiment 18
When naoh concentration was 13%, the TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE yield was 92%, and purity is 99.5%.
Embodiment 19
Calcium hydroxide concentration is 80% o'clock, and the TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE yield is 60%, and purity is 99.9%.
Embodiment 20-22 is an acid-base reaction, calcium hydroxide as in and raw material, 5～80 ℃ of control reaction temperature
Embodiment 20
When control neutralization reaction temperature was 5 ℃, product TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE yield was 92%.
Embodiment 21
When control neutralization reaction temperature was 65 ℃, product TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE yield was 85%.
Embodiment 22
Product TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE yield was 50% when control neutralization reaction temperature was 80 ℃.
Embodiment 23-25 control still kettle temperature, the cut of collecting 40～45 ℃ promptly obtains the qualified product TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE.
Embodiment 23
When collecting 40 ℃ of cuts, gained TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE product purity is 99%.
Embodiment 24
When collecting 43 ℃ of cuts, the purity of gained TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE product is 99.9%.
Embodiment 25
When collecting 45 ℃ of cuts, the purity of gained TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE product is 98.5%
Embodiment 26
(1) the catalytic reaction products reaction that under 65 ℃, is hydrolyzed.
(2) alcohol of the acid of hydrolysis generation and catalyzed reaction generation carries out esterification generation ester, and 90 ℃ of control distillation temperatures are collected corresponding cut.Distill out the not methyl alcohol of complete reaction simultaneously.
(3) carry out acid-base reaction, adopting mass concentration is in 50% the aqua calcis and TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE vitriol, and 30-100 ℃ of control distillation temperature collected 43 ℃ cut through rectifying then and promptly obtained the product TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE.Yield is: 90%, and purity is:＞99.5%.
More than the mole proportioning of each raw material, according to following setting:
Methyl tertiary butyl ether: prussic acid=1: 1
Methyl tertiary butyl ether: the vitriol oil=1: 1.5
Methyl tertiary butyl ether: water=1: 3
Methyl tertiary butyl ether: calcium hydroxide=1: 1.5
Claims (1)
1. synthesis process of tert-butyl amine, it is characterized in that under the normal pressure that prussic acid mixes with methyl tertiary butyl ether drips the vitriol oil and carries out catalyzed reaction, catalytic reaction products is hydrolyzed and reacts the vitriol that generates TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE, the carboxylic acid that methyl alcohol that catalyzed reaction generates and hydrolysis reaction generate carries out esterification simultaneously and generates methyl-formiate, then methyl-formiate and unreacted methanol fractionation by distillation are come out, carry out acid-base reaction afterwards, the alkali that adopts in the acid-base reaction is calcium hydroxide aqueous solution, its mass percent concentration is 5%～80%, the TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE vitriol that distillation is finished directly is added dropwise in the calcium hydroxide aqueous solution, control reaction temperature is at 5～80 ℃, TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE is cemented out, obtain the finished product TERTIARY BUTYL AMINE by rectifying at last.
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| CN111100009B (en) * | 2018-10-27 | 2022-10-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for preparing tert-butylamine by using MTBE as raw material |
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| 叔丁胺国内市场与生产技术进展. 纪萍等.辽宁化工，第30卷第2期. 2001 |
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