CN100566444C - The method that the position of travelling carriage is determined - Google Patents
The method that the position of travelling carriage is determined Download PDFInfo
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- CN100566444C CN100566444C CNB2004800288899A CN200480028889A CN100566444C CN 100566444 C CN100566444 C CN 100566444C CN B2004800288899 A CNB2004800288899 A CN B2004800288899A CN 200480028889 A CN200480028889 A CN 200480028889A CN 100566444 C CN100566444 C CN 100566444C
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Abstract
In cellular communications networks (10), for example will comprise that by transmitter (7A-G) the additional control signal of virtual bas stations identification data is distributed to the radio net from the place that clearly defines.Because in each virtual bas stations identification data and therefrom launch to exist between the place of this identification data and get in touch, so portable terminal (6) can use this information to improve its location estimation according to conventional process.Therefore do not need to revise portable terminal (6).Portable terminal (6) can not utilize virtual bas stations identification data to be connected to communication system (10), because these data only are intended for use the purpose of location estimation.Like this, can be so that be used to provide the device of the required additional information of improved location estimation very simple and cheap.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates in general to cellular communication system, and relates to the estimation of the position of portable terminal in this system particularly.
Background technology
The possibility of determining the position of mobile device has made application developers and wireless carriers that the business of position-based and location aware (aware) can be provided.These example is that guidance system, shopping assistant, friend's seeker and other give the mobile subscriber information service about the information of their surrounding environment.
Except commercial occupation, some national governments have also proposed to determine the requirement of the position of urgent call to Virtual network operator.For example, the administration request of the U.S. (FCC E911) needs Virtual network operator must be able to determine the position of all urgent calls of certain percentage.With regard to these requirements, indoor environment and outdoor environment do not have difference.
In outdoor environment, the externalist methodology that can utilize the position to determine carries out location estimation, for example based on the method for GPS (global positioning system), resembles assistant GPS (A-GPS).Can also use wireless network itself to carry out location estimation.Utilize the method for wireless network can be divided into two main groups.First group comprises the method based on the affiliated radio plot of portable terminal, for example by using sub-district ID.Second group of utilization be to the measurement from the radio signal of some base stations (BS), and utilize that for example the time difference (TD) is determined terminal location.
Switch (handover) in order to be connected to the mobile network or to carry out when connecting, the common test constantly available signal of portable terminal, these available signals be not only from self base station, but also from other base station.These signals normally plan to measure the control signal of radio transmission conditions, and this control signal also comprises about how setting up the information that is connected with transmitting base station except comprising data.Particularly, control signal comprises data, and these data constitute base station identification data individually or with the combination of frequency of the carrier wave of emissioning controling signal.Thereby portable terminal can obtain the estimation of the sign and the radio condition of transmitting base station.Portable terminal in this information of neighbor list inediting of GSM (global system for mobile communications), sends it to network as message usually.
Location estimation can be based on the measurement in the neighbor list.Then in conjunction with utilizing apart from the distance of radio base station and the relation between the radio condition about the knowledge of base station accurate location.Base station location is known in communication network.This means that neighbor list can easily be used for the location estimation according to algorithms of different.The precision of location estimation usually and being in proportion of sub-district.
The method of triangulation or time difference (TD) has been utilized the signal that is associated with two or more different base stations.These signals are used for calculating the position of the portable terminal that is arranged in the base station or at a distance of the distance of this base station.This calculating based on signal in that to propagate the relative or absolute time that is spent between terminal and the different base station poor.The accessible precision of TD method depends on system architecture, physical condition and radio condition.Usually, the precision of TD method is 50 to 150 meters in the mobile telephone system.The TD method still compares elapsed time and resource.
Fingerprint (fingerprinting) method has utilized all positions more or less to have the fact of the unique characteristic signature that has received radio signals.This is the multipath of building and barrier and the result of reflection.By the characteristic radio signature of storage diverse location in database, the signature of storing in signature that might be by the signal that will receive and the database compares to determine the position of device.Fingerprint method needs data updated storehouse all the time.Good result depends on usually can mate from some not homologies or signal of base station.
Be positioned at indoor terminal and have usually and being connected of the base station that covers the peripheral chambers exterior domain, this terminal is lower than the signal quality of this terminal in outdoor reception at the signal quality of indoor reception.In order to improve indoor coverage situation, many bigger buildings are equipped with indoor mobile telephone system.Indoor heating system is made up of a base station and distributing antenna system or leaky cable antenna usually.Building for covering big zone uses repeater usually.This causes whole building to show as a big radio plot, and can not determine where terminal is positioned at building.In addition, owing to, therefore utilize the more senior method of for example triangulation can not use usually from a little less than being positioned at outdoor signal of base station.
A kind of simple solution is to utilize a spare system that is used to locate, and promptly one based on the system of any mobile telephone system.This can be indoor GPS system, WLAN (WLAN (wireless local area network)) or based on the system of bluetooth or a certain other transducer solution.Yet, the complex device that such system need add, and terminal also must be equipped with special hardware and/or software, this makes this solution costliness.
Another kind of simple solution is the quantity that increases indoor base station, reduces the size of sub-district thus.Yet the base station is the equipment of a costliness, and therefore the cost of such solution will be very high.
In U.S. Patent application US 2003/0008664 A1 that announces, a kind of method and apparatus that is used for estimating at the radio system with repeater terminal location is disclosed.Be personal identification code of each repeaters transmit.Terminal installation is useful on hardware and/or the software that receives and explain these codes.In the preferred embodiment of cdma system, can utilize the pseudo noise sequence that keeps for the repeater sign specially to realize this identification code with the regulation skew.Can utilize repeater to identify then improved location estimation is provided.A solution has following shortcoming like this, be that it needs to discern the Add-ons of personal identification code and the additives of distinct communication standards usually in terminal, even perhaps some special solutions may be present among the available frame of these standards.
Summary of the invention
In prior art solutions, the improved precision of location estimation is associated with the big investment of expensive additional devices.In addition, some solutions need be added special hardware or software in the portable terminal to, this means all terminals of having sold or can not locate, and perhaps they must be upgraded.And preferably solution can work in present or recent standard.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide the location estimation of the portable terminal with improved precision, it relates to the limited investment of optional equipment.Another object of the present invention provides in existing cellular standards without any need for the method and apparatus that changes and do not need portable terminal new or that upgrade.Another purpose of the present invention provides and is suitable for being comprised in the system that relates to distributing antenna system, leaky cable antenna and/or the improved location estimation in comprising the system of repeater.Another purpose of the present invention provides the improved location estimation of indoor heating system.A further object of the present invention provides and gives the location estimation of response fast.
Above-mentioned purpose is to be realized by the apparatus and method according to appended patent claims.Generally speaking, in radio system, distribute and comprise the additional control signal of virtual bas stations identification data from the place of clearly definition.Get in touch in each virtual bas stations identification data and from existing between the place of wherein launching this identification data, and portable terminal can utilize this information to improve its location estimation according to conventional process.Because virtual bas stations identification data is to provide with the form identical with conventional base station identification data, therefore do not need portable terminal is made amendment.Yet portable terminal can not utilize the sub-district that is associated with virtual base station identification data to be connected to communication system, because these data only are intended for use the purpose of location estimation.Like this, can be so that be used to provide the device of the required additional information of improved location estimation very simple and cheap.
Portable terminal can not a priori be distinguished virtual bas stations identification data and real base station identification data.So in a preferred embodiment of the invention, even forbid that the portable terminal trial utilizes the sub-district that is associated with virtual bas stations identification data to be connected to communication system, perhaps reduces the probability that portable terminal is planned connection at least.Conclusivelying show this data of forbidding can be transmitted with virtual bas stations identification data.Reducing the another kind that connects the trial probability may be power and/or the quality of controlling the control signal of carrying virtual bas stations identification data by this way, and promptly portable terminal does not only select virtual bas stations identification data to be used for purpose of connecting.
The present invention can be applicable to any cellular communication system, but especially is very suitable for implementing in indoor heating system, particularly uses such system of distributing antenna system, leaky cable antenna and/or repeater.
Compare with the prior art solution, the present invention has many advantages.Because the present invention utilizes the type of the broadcast data that has existed in a kind of new mode, so the embodiment that is proposed can introduce in the system that has existed, because the complexity of additional function or device is low easily and at an easy rate.In addition, the portable terminal of having sold can use with the system that is proposed and not use any modification.In the request of making location estimation and the delay that therefrom obtains between the result also is low-down, need not send request to system because this terminal can determine its position in certain embodiments.
Description of drawings
By understanding the present invention and more purpose of the present invention and advantage best, wherein with reference to following description and accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of cellular communication system;
Fig. 2 is the diagram of the representative content of neighbor list;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram according to the distributing antenna system of prior art;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of distributing antenna system according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of general according to an embodiment of the invention cellular communication system;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of leaky cable antenna system according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of distributing antenna system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of leaky cable antenna system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram that uses the communication system of repeater according to an embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of distributing antenna system according to yet another embodiment of the invention;
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of leaky cable antenna system according to yet another embodiment of the invention;
Figure 12 A and Figure 12 B are the block diagrams that is of value to the embodiment of portable terminal of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the block diagram that is of value to the embodiment of base station of the present invention; And
Figure 14 is the flow chart of key step of the embodiment of explanation the method according to this invention.
Embodiment
In order to fully understand operation of the present invention, at first brief review once the general position in the cellular network estimate.
The basic thought of the cellular network 10 that schematically shows among Fig. 1 is to be network struction the grid of sub-district 4A-J, and wherein each sub-district 4A-J is the zone that is covered by a radio base station 2A-J.Communication is carried out via different radio resources.Interference between the radio base station 2A-J in mobile phone 6 and the neighbor cell, different resource, the i.e. for example different slightly configuration or the setting of frequency or code are used in communicating by letter between mobile phone 6 and the base station 2A-J.The quantity of these resources or " configuration " is limited.In gsm system, resource be by limited quantity allow what carrier frequency constituted, and they are used for separating the communication of different districts.In WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA)) system, the feature of resource is the different code of limited quantity.The result of the radio resource of limited quantity means that planning network 10 is important meticulously.
Travelling carriage (MS), mobile phone, portable terminal and mobile phone all relate to the device that will be positioned.These terms will be as equivalent expressions in the disclosure.Other device or equipment that this installs normally mobile phone, handheld computer (being so-called PDA(Personal Digital Assistant)) or is equipped with honeycomb or mobile network's radio receiver.
In most of cellular networks 10, the condition of acceptance of portable terminal 6 continuous measurement radio signals.Its reason has several.One is to revise through-put power, sends with unnecessary large transmission power so that avoid.Generally speaking but optional, the radio base station with best radio conditions is the base station that is used for being connected to cellular network.Base station with best radio conditions in most of the cases still its position near the base station of mobile phone 6.In Fig. 1, mobile phone 6 connects via base station 2F.Therefore mobile phone 6 is positioned at the sub-district 4F of this certain base station 2F.Radio plot is defined as the zone around the base station, and in this zone, described base station is the base station that has the mobile phone best radio connection.Because cellular network is known the position of the transmission point that is associated with the base station, the sign that therefore has the base station of best radio conditions gives the approximate location estimation of mobile phone.The size of sub-district and the density of base station are proportional.Therefore can infer that in Fig. 1 mobile phone 6 is present among the 4F of sub-district.
Be connected the signal that the mobile phone test constantly sends from other base station in order to know with which base station.These signals are intended to measure the specific control signal of the radio condition between mobile phone and the base station.Except other data, this signal also comprises about how setting up the information that is connected with the base station that sends signal.As mentioned above, the communication in the neighbor cell is to be undertaken by the link with different slightly configurations, so that avoid interference.Control signal is usually by using these different configurations to launch.As an example, in GSM, be to send in the frequency different with the control signal that sends from the neighbours base station from the control signal of a base station.Yet identical frequency can be used in the mode of reusing in the base station of wide apart.In order to make a plurality of base stations that are associated with different districts but transmit control signal on same frequency separated from one another, control signal also comprises to make and might distinguish from the control signal of a base station and out of Memory from the control signal of another base station.This information individually or with the group of frequencies of control signal incompatible provide identification certain base station possibility.In other words, control signal comprises base station identification data.In GSM, so-called colour coding (colour code) is used for different base stations separated from one another.
Network notifies portable terminal to have which base station nearby usually.So mobile phone is learnt the control signal that will seek.If information to be measured is inaccessible, then mobile phone can also be measured from all other signal of base station.This can be such a case, and promptly for example user's operator does not cover this zone, but covered should the zone in other operator.The measurement result of the control signal that sends from the base station is stored in the portable terminal with edit mode usually.The tabulation of such neighbours base station or in portable terminal, keep upgrading corresponding to the data of this tabulation at least, and be commonly called neighbor list.
The example of such neighbor list that is used for the situation of Fig. 1 shown in Fig. 2.This tabulation is based on that the quality of radio condition classifies, and wherein has the top of the base station of best radio conditions in tabulation.Every row 100 of tabulation refers to a certain base station.In this example, first row 102 comprise the sign of base station.Second portion 104 comprises additional information.In the present embodiment, secondary series 105 comprises general information.The the 3rd to the 5th row 106-108 comprises with the data that for example are associated with the mass measurement of the radio condition of each base station, signal quality, prohibition flag or for the important class likelihood data of switching determination.
The measurement of this tabulation is sent to the base station continuously, so that network keeps upgrading about radio condition.The base station or any webserver that is connected to the base station can be retrieved the content of neighbor list of the portable terminal of any connection thus.
In the disclosure, wording " position " and " place " will be used.The geographical position that provides as coordinate or degree (for example WGS-84 benchmark) is planned to refer in the position.It can also comprise direction and/or course, speed, acceleration etc.The position can also be presented as relative measurement.The place is the more subjective position by the type definition of facility or place (or relevant with it).The example in place is: " military area/facility ", " hospital ", " office ", " theater ", " near the emergency exit ".Wording " place " is assumed that and also comprises by " position " included place.
Prevailing location estimation is that apparent position is defined as within the sub-district that has with the base station of the best radio connection of portable terminal, promptly in the base station at the top of neighbor list.In Fig. 1, this means that might go out mobile phone 6 with a certain probabilistic inference is arranged in sub-district 4F.Using some item in the neighbor list to mean for different algorithms can calculate than the better precision in sub-district, mobile phone place.See that in Fig. 2 base station 2G has the second place in neighbor list.So mobile phone probably is arranged in 60 ° of sectors towards sub-district 4G of Fig. 1 with dashed lines mark.In addition, because base station 2I is in the neighbor list the 3rd, so portable terminal 6 also might be positioned at half position near the sector of sub-district 4I.In addition, realize the precision of adding by considering that signal intensity ratio for example waits.
The conversion or the calculating that neighbor list are transformed into position and/or ground point estimation can be carried out in cellular system or in terminal.If location estimation (for example in webserver) in system is carried out, portable terminal must be transmitted to radio base station to neighbor list or the measurement corresponding with it so.If portable terminal self carry out to estimate, then estimate on basic conception, for example to comprise determining near the base station with for example sub-district ID form.Such positional information can be enough to support many business that position-based is determined in some cases.Yet if estimate actual geographical position, portable terminal at first need be about the information of specific surrounding environment.This information should comprise the known location of different base station at least, and can for example infer from the instruction that relates to base station to be measured.Can be specific to the place, the out of Memory of building or surrounding environment also can be useful.This customizing messages of relevant for example specific buildings can comprise cartographic information, in view of the above might be from the position be determined the eliminating portable terminal can not some zone.For example obviously most probably, portable terminal not building within the walls or be suspended in overhead 10 meters high aerial.
Indoor covering quality in the cellular system is usually less than outdoor.Therefore, many edifices have their home cell.Fig. 3 illustrates the system of typical prior art.Single base station 8 services comprise a plurality of distributing antenna systems that are distributed in the antenna 14 of room area.Can have repeater 12 so as during to distribute enhancing signal. because all antennas all provide identical information, so portable terminal 6 experienced all antennas 14, and these antenna is together as an emission system that is associated with a single subdistrict 4.In addition and since portable terminal 6 do not know it with which antenna communication, solid this aforesaid accurate location estimation is unlikely well moved.A mode improving position estimation accuracy provides littler sub-district.
In the present invention, distributing antenna system and leaky cable system and be considered to especially be very suitable for implementing the present invention by the subsystem that repeater or any active parts are fed.Term " antenna " is generally used for the antenna in the distributing antenna system, but also is used for the part of the leaky cable on the leaky cable antenna.
Typical and base station bad that is used for outdoor covering is connected and feasiblely is difficult to or even may do not use be positioned at outdoor base station to be used for the purpose of triangulation.Owing to often have only a base station to be used for indoor covering, triangulation in the interior chamber that therefore can not be used for determining the position.In some buildings that spread over big zone (for example airport), used repeater.So sub-district even become bigger, thus cause the zone of mobile phone when being connected to this sub-district very big, i.e. position estimated accuracy step-down.
Precision based on the location estimation of neighbor list is proportional with cell size basically.Less sub-district will provide better location estimation usually.Yet the sub-district is by base stations control, and the base station is very expensive usually.Yet the function that is used for the base station of location estimation is very limited.In fact, as long as comprise of the position emission of the control signal of base station identification data, just be enough to carry out location routines from clearly definition.The present invention is based on this understanding, and therefore introduce " virtual " base station or emission " virtual " base station identification data is provided at least.
The present invention can be applicable to most of cellular communications networks.Yet, think that at present the particularly advantageous the present invention of being is applied to be arranged in distributing antenna system, leaky cable system or the location estimation of the portable terminal of the subsystem of being fed by repeater.Depend on according to the precision of location determining method of the present invention and for example to implement building of the present invention or environment and other prerequisite and various customer requirement.Yet it is real that the positional precision of 20-50 rice is considered to.The present invention can advantageously be used for being arranged in indoor heating system, underground railway system (subway) and be connected to the portable terminal of the subsystem (for example using repeater to be connected to the tunnel of grand radio plot) of cellular macro system.
Target according to localization method of the present invention mainly is to locate in cellular mobile radio system.GSM is the mobile radiotelephone standard of using in the exemplary embodiment that provides in the disclosure.Yet the present invention also can be applicable to other cellular mobile radio system and their relevant criterion, such as other radio standard based on TDMA (time division multiple access), CDMA (code division multiple access), wideband CDMA (WCDMA) and TDD (time division duplex) technology.
Basic design of the present invention is bigger to be distinguished into some less virtual subdistricts to one for a short time, is not subjected on the meaning of certain management of radio base station and control in each described particular virtual sub-district, and this virtual subdistrict is not real radio plot.Virtual subdistrict but be defined as being associated with certain virtual bas stations identification data, this virtual bas stations identification data is associated with certain position again.By the different control signals of launching virtual bas stations identification data is provided to the radio interface from the position that is associated.Virtual subdistrict occurs as the result who adds control signal thus, but belongs to the type that has existed, and the sole purpose of launching this additional control signal is to be used for location estimation.
Generally speaking, " virtual " is used for describing signal or installs only it seems it is genuine signal or device in some aspects.In the disclosure, such aspect is to determine the purpose of the position of portable terminal.In others, " virtual " device or signal are not operated as the real signal or the device of the sort of type.As an example, " virtual " control signal is not corresponding to true cell and signal of base station, is used for the signal of location estimation but only send.In a similar fashion, " virtual " base station can be the base station that sends " virtual " control signal, and it can for example be to send control data and can not be used for portable terminal is connected to the simple transmitter of communication network.Yet virtual bas stations identification data can not come with the difference of real base station identification data equally.
In the building that is equipped with equipment described in the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure and configuration or other zone, utilize the standard feature executing location to estimate.Particularly, usually being used for the measurement function of the portable terminal that is provided with and disposes when portable terminal is connected to radio net can be used.Yet can notice, virtual base station be usually located at neighbor list than lower part, so the position determines that algorithm may must revise a little, so that pay close attention to the information of being brought by the virtual controlling signaling more.
Fig. 4 illustrates an embodiment according to distributing antenna system of the present invention.Except the part and device that exist in prior art system, the system of Fig. 4 also comprises a plurality of transmitter 7A-G in addition, on the regional identical zone that it intersperses among with spaced antenna 14 is covered.Emission is exclusively used in the virtual bas stations identification data of each transmitter 7A-G from each transmitter 7A-G.Therefore, be present in the control signal that portable terminal 6 in the sub-district 4 also comprises experience virtual bas stations identification data.Whether owing to is not the priori of kind of virtual about base station identification data not, so portable terminal 6 is interpreted as the antenna of conventional base station to transmitter 7A-G, and has the impression of 7 append macro sub-district 5A-G of existence thus.The webserver that comprises position determining means is provided with the information of position about each of these additional transmitters 7A-G via base station 8, and can come executing location to determine according to normal routines.Portable terminal 6 shown in Figure 4 will be created neighbor list based on measuring, and in this neighbor list, transmitter 7A is arranged in the extreme higher position of all transmitter 7A-G.Portable terminal 6 thereby may be positioned in the virtual subdistrict 5A.The further improvement of positional precision can also be by realizing from the procedural information of other transmitter 7A-G.
Preferably at the ceiling of building or the small radio transmitter in the wall, it needn't be directly connected to mobile telephone network as the general communication node to transmitter 7A-G in the present embodiment.Transmitter 7A-G can not handle any uplink data from the portable terminal of planning further to communicate via communication network.Transmitter 7A-G can have receiver apparatus, but these devices only are used for communicating by letter between network and transmitter 7A-G, for example control tranmitting frequency or power.In this sense, transmitter 7A-G operation is more as subscriber equipment.Described precision depends on the density and the distribution pattern of transmitter, therefore is very suitable for specific region needs.The practical layout of telephone system itself does not limit the configuration of transmitter.Density can also change between the different location of building.Yet be noted that for WCDMA the far and near interference problem of essential consideration.Be positioned at the user's communications problem that may cause close virtual transmitter at a distance of real antenna separate transmitter far away.
The universal that introducing is used to locate the virtual subdistrict of purpose can also be used for general cellular systems.The sub-district of general cellular wireless communication system shown in Figure 5.Base station 2 emissions comprise the control signal with base station 2 associated base station identification datas, and sub-district 4 is associated with base station 2.Introduce additional transmitters 7A-G by the diverse location place in sub-district 4, defined virtual subdistrict 5A-G.Transmitter 7G and base station 2 co-positioned.From the viewpoint of portable terminal 6, this system is as grand-Microcell system, and wherein true cell 4 is macrocells, and virtual subdistrict 5A-G is corresponding to Microcell.By adding relatively cheap transmitter installation, increased the precision that the position is determined greatly.
Fig. 6 illustrates the similar embodiment with Fig. 4, but system has used leaky cable antenna 13.Yet all principles are identical with Fig. 4.
Fig. 7 illustrates another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.The difference of the embodiment of this embodiment and Fig. 4 is that the transmitter 7 here for example integrates with antenna 14 with communication system itself.Transmitter 7 can easily utilize identical antenna cable to carry out any essential communicating by letter with for example control unit then.Transmitter 7 can have their antenna (illustrating) or can share the antenna 14 that is used by communication system.This will cause in the ceiling device still less and the possibility that controls transmitter 7, and utilize antenna cable to its feed.
Many systems with spaced antenna and leaky cable also use different active parts to increase performance and/or covering.The most generally one of active parts of Shi Yonging is a repeater.Fig. 8 illustrates another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.Control signal transmitter 7 is in this is integrated in repeater 12 in the leaky cable system.The control signal that comprises virtual bas stations identification data is only launched from the part 13B that is arranged in repeater leaky cable system afterwards.Therefore virtual subdistrict 5 characterizes part 13B zone on every side.Signal from part 13A does not comprise this virtual data.As long as even the part with zone of " virtual " signal is shown as virtual subdistrict, certainly just might determine whether mobile phone 6 is positioned at the other parts of true cell 4 based on not receiving that " virtual " signal or received signal intensity are lower than the fact of predetermined threshold.This is the situation of the portable terminal among Fig. 8.
Having the indoor heating system of repeater and position accuracy demand in use is not in the very high building, and utilizing the solution that is integrated in the control signal transmitter in the repeater for example perhaps is enough good.This is to optimize the good mode that use the base station.Simultaneously, when it covered big geographic area, it can also determine whether portable terminal is positioned in particular sub-area.
An example of using is to have in the facility of restriction in that mobile phone is used.The user should be for example can not be at some part place of big facility (for example at some layer of the building of hospital or inner) use phone.Another Application is in underground railway system (subway), might determine perhaps wherein mobile phone is at present between which station.
Repeater also generally is used for being connected to outdoor macro cell, and this macrocell has the zone that poor radio covers, for example tunnel, building or vehicle.Fig. 9 shows such situation.Base station 8 has the antenna 16 that is used for outdoor macro cell 4.Based on being implemented in of repeater is suitable here, because it makes whether the mobile phone might determine to use macro cell base station is positioned at the inside of building.Receiver 18 received signals, and the repeater 12 for example indoor heating system of distribution antenna 14 of feeding.The device 7 that is used to add the control signal that comprises virtual bas stations identification data integrates with repeater, so created virtual Microcell 5.
As mentioned above, if the density of base station increases, then locating accuracy just increases in the cellular network.By introducing virtual radio base stations, it is the network with little sub-district that the mobile phone in the network will experience this situation.Yet network itself will not considered virtual radio base stations.Virtual subdistrict is planned and is arranged to the conventional sub-district in the cellular network usually, this means that neighbor cell uses the configuration of slight separation.By disposing extra control signal, from portable terminal, virtual subdistrict is introduced in the network.In for example GSM and WCDMA, BCCH (Broadcast Control Channel) is used for these extra control signals, except sending from radio base station the conventional control signal, also launches these extra control signals.Different control signals are associated with different transmitting sites.In mobile phone, control signal will be received, and be understood that the control signal from ordinary base station.
Because the transmitter of virtual bas stations identification data is not the true base station that can receive from any signal of mobile phone transmission, so mobile phone can not be connected to cellular network by utilizing the sub-district that is associated with virtual bas stations identification data.Without any need for further arrangement, virtual base station just can be positioned at the top of neighbor list, and the therefore mobile phone virtual base station of can trying to be connected to, and is genuine base station because believe it.Yet, can not set up communication, and mobile phone abandons its test the most at last, and moves on to the next item down in the neighbor list.This connection test will consume many powers of battery and be used to connect and time of the length switched.Therefore, preferably use and a kind ofly reduce probability that mobile phone attempt to connect or even avoid its function.
Avoid or forbid that it is that additional information is combined in the dummy pilot signal that mobile phone attempts being connected to first method of virtual base station, thereby indication utilizes this base station identification data not connect.This can finish by using data or mark to tell base station (" truly " or " virtual ") can not receive any business.In GSM and WCDMA system, this can use " forbid the sub-district " to realize.In GSM, the Cell_Bar_Access bit in can information element RACH Control Parameter is set to equal 1.The RACH Control Parameter can be contained in system information type 1,2,2bis, 2ter, 3,4 and 9 message, and this message is broadcast to all portable terminals in the sub-district on BCCH.In WCDMA, relevant parameter " CellBarred (forbid the sub-district) " is comprised among the information element Cell Access Restriction (restriction is inserted in the sub-district) that is comprised in system information block type 15.3 and 15.4, and also broadcasts on BCCH.
The another way of avoiding portable terminal to attempt being connected to " virtual " base station is to guarantee that mobile phone never or unlikely wants to be connected to this " virtual " base station.Portable terminal does not want that the reason that is connected to this base station is, never allows to occur as optimal selection to the dedicated radio link of " virtual " base station, perhaps even good inadequately for using.A kind of mode that reduces the probability of portable terminal trial connection is deliberately unlikely to attempt ways of connecting with portable terminal and dispose portable terminal.This configuration is reselected data as cell selecting or sub-district usually and is broadcasted.
This can realize by following, i.e. the through-put power of the control signal that sends from virtual transmitter of control meticulously so that it in neighbor list from mustn't go to high ordering.
In fact this might realize in the WCDMA system.At first, dummy pilot signal can be on the frequency identical with true control signal but is sent with different scramblers.In the case, if virtual and actual signal are shared identical antenna (as Fig. 7), then can control relative power.Because the propagation channel between antenna and the user will be identical for true and dummy pilot signal at that time, and did not have frequency to select the problem of decline, thus the difference power on the antenna will with mobile terminal receive on identical difference power end.Yet, can not directly be controlled at the relative power level at user locations place for GSM.This is because dummy pilot signal is to send on the frequency different with true control signal.This means that frequency selection decline can cause true control signal to be weaker than virtual signal.To on the tip position of neighbor list, not finish in order to ensure virtual signal, must use very large power margin.
Also might apply certain distortion, so that mobile phone believes that it is bad connecting to dummy pilot signal.This also might carry out in the framework of WCDMA, because WCDMA also is used as one of cell selecting standard to signal quality (being expressed as the Ec/NO of estimation).Yet, in GSM, have only signal strength signal intensity to be used as the standard of cell selecting, and do not use signal quality, this means that distortion will not have effect.
In the present preferred embodiment of the present invention, virtual transmitter is integrated in the cellular system.Figure 10 illustrates the distributing antenna system according to this embodiment configuration.At certain point 8 place for example of network, inject number control signals by control signal injector 21 in the base station.Utilize the method for for example frequency displacement, sign indicating number branch or any other spread signal to come separation signal.Signal transmits with actual signal via antenna cable.In the position that will use signal, signal selector 22 is selected control signal corresponding, and it is transformed into the signal that can be received by portable terminal 6.
The signal selector 22 of WCDMA system is suitable complicated apparatus.Here, code is used for separating different control signals.The signal selector 22 that is used for WCDMA comes work as an interference eliminator, it must know allow which code by and eliminate which code.Easier solution is the more scheme of bandwidth consumption, it is different control signals of utilizing frequency displacement to expand to be used for different antennae, as for GSM proposed.
Also possible is to utilize a multiplexing technique between true control signal, true data traffic and the dummy pilot signal on the antenna cable, and use another multiplexing technique in radio interface.For example, if use WCDMA in the interface aloft, then at least can the frequency multiplex dummy pilot signal in the signal of antenna cable.Signal selector 22 will be responsible for conversion under such a case.
Similarly enforcement also might be in leaky cable system.Figure 11 illustrates such system.Control signal injector 21 is operated basically as previously mentioned.Yet, but the complexity of signal selector 22 is higher slightly.In leaky cable system, signal selector must not only be selected the signal that sends as control signal, and it also must allow all control signals after a while the time be engraved in the system pass and use.In the first of antenna cable, there are true control signal, data service and all dummy pilot signals.In leaky cable part 13A, one of dummy pilot signal is filtered.In leaky cable part 13B, another dummy pilot signal is filtered.In leaky cable part 13C, only stay real control signal.The identification of position must be based on the combination of possible detected control signal.Portable terminal 6 among Figure 11 has experienced the true control signal corresponding to true cell 4, but it is a single virtual control signal.Therefore possible position is in the zone that is only covered by a virtual subdistrict.
In conjunction with the relevant embodiment of the preferred injector of the described the present invention of Figure 10, be described in greater detail in neighbor list and virtual subdistrict ID location estimation among the GSM according to above with the lower part.
Be numbered on the antenna of k, there is a signal selector 22, it comprises band pass filter, logical frequency f _ 0 of using that covered of its band by BTS, f_TCH1 ..., f_TCHn and the frequency f _ k that uses by control signal injector 21, wherein f_k is f_1 ..., a frequency in the set of f_N.So the portable terminal 6 near the antenna that is numbered k will receive conventional BTS frequency f _ 0 usually, f_TCH1 ..., f_TCHn and f_k.
Exist two kinds of preferred modes that signal strength measurement is sent to the server that executing location is estimated.
1, BSC knows f_1 ..., f_N is not real handoff candidate, and abandons any measurement that is used for this purpose.It can be transmitted to location-server to measured signal strengths then.
2, BSC does not know f_1 ..., f_N is a virtual carrier, but still makes f_1 by OSS ..., f_N becomes the part of neighbor list.Attempt these virtual frequency for fear of switching, BSC can store the BSIC_k2 that is used for f_k, wherein BSIC_k ≠ BSCI_k2.When receiving measurement report, BSC can infer that wrong cell is measured.In this was implemented, portable terminal must have other device that for example transmits measurement report via the SIM application toolkit.
Can go up the location estimation of carrying out reality at the node (for example base station) of main communication network according to portable terminal oneself or distributed mode.The delay of common hope between request location and the estimation of acquisition final position should be low as far as possible.In this case, terminal can be determined himself position and don't be favourable to the solution that system sends request.
In Figure 12 A, show the block diagram of an embodiment of portable terminal 6.Portable terminal 6 comprises the receiver 40 of being responsible for receiving control signal and data service.Position estimator 42 is connected to receiver 40 and relates to the information that receives control signal to be used for transmitting.Position estimator comprises neighbor list 44, in the condition of this neighbor list inediting about peripheral base station (true base station or virtual base station).Position estimator also comprises database 46, and this database has the relation between base station identification data and the position that is associated.Such database is preferably downloaded from cellular network when being connected to network at first.Utilize neighbor list 44 and database 46, position estimator 42 can be carried out the determining of possible position of portable terminal 6 according to conventional principles.
In Figure 12 B, show the block diagram of another embodiment of portable terminal 6.In this case, carry out actual location estimation in the base station.Here, portable terminal 6 comprises receiver 40 and neighbor list 44.The content of neighbor list 44 is not carried out local evaluation in portable terminal 6, but via transmitter 46 content of neighbor list 44 is sent to the base station.
In Figure 13, show the block diagram of corresponding base station.Base station 8 comprises the receiver 40 that is connected to position estimator 42.Position estimator 42 comprises the database 46 of the relation between a storage sub-district ID and the position, perhaps can visit this database 46 at least.Can also in position estimator, obtain the copy 44 ' of the neighbor list of portable terminal.Utilize neighbor list copy 44 ' and database 46, position estimator 42 can be carried out the determining of possible position of portable terminal according to conventional principles.
Figure 14 has shown the flow chart of key step according to one embodiment of the method for the invention.This process starts from step 200.In step 202, the BSIC or other base station identification data that are used for base station and virtual base station are launched in control signal.In step 204, receive the control signal of having launched by portable terminal.In step 206, device is used to forbid or avoids portable terminal to be connected to virtual base station.At last, in step 208, receive the position that control signal is determined portable terminal according to what be used for base station and virtual base station.This process finishes in step 210.
So far, location estimation method based on sub-district ID only has been discussed.In order to strengthen the precision that the position is determined, also the present invention may be combined with more advanced localization method (such as time difference method or fingerprint method).
Exemplary embodiment in the disclosure mainly is at being equipped with spaced antenna, leaky cable system and/or comprising the zone of the system of the antenna of being fed by repeater.Yet the present invention can realize with many different forms, and should not be construed as limited to embodiment described here; And provide these embodiment, and will fully pass on scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art so that the disclosure is comprehensive and complete.
Those skilled in the art will be understood that, can make various modifications and variations and not deviate from its scope the present invention, and the scope of the invention is only limited by appended claims.Particularly, technically may need only, the part system of different embodiment just is understood that and may makes up with any compound mode.
Claims (23)
1, be used for the definite method in position of the travelling carriage (6) of mobile communications network (10), may further comprise the steps:
-emissioning controling signal in mobile communications network,
This control signal comprises base station identification data,
This base station identification data and the launch site (2 that comprises the control signal of this base station identification data; 2A-J; 7; 7A-G; 13,13A-C; 14; 16; 22) be associated;
-in travelling carriage (6), receive the control signal launched; And
-the estimation of determining the position of travelling carriage (6) based on the feature and the base station identification data of the control signal that is received,
It is characterized in that,
At least one base station identification data comprises virtual bas stations identification data;
Travelling carriage (6) can not differentiate virtual bas stations identification data and real base station identification data;
Travelling carriage (6) can not utilize the virtual subdistrict that is associated with virtual bas stations identification data to be connected to mobile communications network (10); And
Thus at least based on the launch site (7 that is associated with virtual bas stations identification data; 7A-G; 22) carry out the step of the location estimation of definite travelling carriage (6).
2, method according to claim 1, its feature further is following steps:
The virtual subdistrict that-minimizing travelling carriage (6) utilization is associated with virtual bas stations identification data attempts being connected to the probability of mobile communications network (10).
3, method according to claim 2, its feature further is following steps:
-forbid that travelling carriage (6) utilizes the virtual subdistrict be associated with virtual bas stations identification data to attempt being connected to mobile communications network (10).
4, method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, forbids that step comprises the information of unavailability of indication virtual bas stations identification data is incorporated at least one control signal that comprises virtual bas stations identification data.
According to the described method of claim 4, it is characterized in that 5, the information of indication unavailability is the mark in the control signal.
6, method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the step that reduces probability comprises the step of the transmitting power of controlling at least one control signal that comprises virtual bas stations identification data.
7, method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, control the transmitting power that at least one comprises the control signal of virtual bas stations identification data, providing in the overlay area that is positioned mobile communications network (10) received power on the travelling carriage (6) Anywhere, this received power be starkly lower than the received power of at least one control signal that comprises the real base station identification data.
8, method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, launch the control signal that at least one comprises virtual bas stations identification data from the position identical with launching at least one control signal that comprises the real base station identification data, control the transmitting power that at least one comprises the control signal of virtual bas stations identification data thus so that its be lower than from same position emission at least one comprise the transmitting power of the control signal of real base station identification data.
9, method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the step that reduces probability comprises the step of the signal to noise ratio of controlling at least one control signal that comprises virtual bas stations identification data.
10, method according to claim 9 is characterized in that, the step of control signal to noise ratio comprises adds noise in the control signal that comprises virtual bas stations identification data to.
According to any one described method in the claim 1 to 10, it is characterized in that 11, the step of location estimation of determining travelling carriage (6) is based on the neighbor list (44,44 ') of travelling carriage (6).
12, according to any one described method in the claim 1 to 10, it is characterized in that the device (7 that is associated with virtual bas stations identification data; 7A-G; 22) be positioned at the zone that is covered by antenna system, this antenna system is selected from:
Distributing antenna system,
Leaky cable system, or
Their combination.
13, according to any one described method in the claim 1 to 10, it is characterized in that the device (7 that is associated with virtual bas stations identification data; 7A-G; 22) be positioned at the zone that system covered by an equipment repeater.
14, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that before the step of emissioning controling signal in mobile communications network further comprising the steps of:
-provide the control signal that comprises virtual bas stations identification data in the base station that is used for antenna system (8);
-distributing on the community antenna line comprises the control signal of virtual bas stations identification data; And
-select to comprise control signal corresponding in a plurality of control signals of virtual bas stations identification data at the diverse location place of antenna system, to be used for the control signal that emission is selected on radio interface.
15, the radio net of mobile communications network (10) comprising:
-transmitter (2; 2A-J; 7; 7A-G; 13,13A-C; 14; 16), it is arranged to be used for to travelling carriage (6) emissioning controling signal,
This control signal comprises base station identification data,
The place (2 of the transmitter of this base station identification data and transmitting base station identification data; 2A-J; 7; 7A-G; 13,13A-C; 14; 16; 22) be associated;
-receiver apparatus (40), it is arranged to be used for collect the information that is associated with the feature of control signal when locating to receive control signal at travelling carriage (6), and is used to extract base station identification data; And
-positioner (42), it is arranged to be used for the location estimation of determining travelling carriage (6) based on the feature and the base station identification data of the control signal that is received,
It is characterized in that,
At least one base station identification data comprises virtual bas stations identification data;
Travelling carriage (6) can not differentiate virtual bas stations identification data and real base station identification data;
Travelling carriage (6) can not utilize the virtual subdistrict that is associated with virtual bas stations identification data to be connected to mobile communications network (10); And
Positioner is arranged at least based on the transmitter locations (7 that is associated with virtual bas stations identification data; 7A-G; 22) determine location estimation.
16, radio net according to claim 15 is characterized in that,
At least one device is associated with each virtual bas stations identification data,
Travelling carriage (6) can not be connected to mobile communications network (10) via at least one device thus.
17, according to claim 15 or 16 described radio nets, it is characterized in that base station (8) and antenna system, this antenna system is selected from:
Distributing antenna system,
Leaky cable system, or
Their combination.
18, according to claim 15 or 16 described radio nets, it is characterized in that also comprising the repeater in the antenna system.
According to claim 15 or 16 described radio nets, it is characterized in that 19, at least one in described at least one device is transmitter (7; 7A-G).
20, radio net according to claim 16 is characterized in that, at least one in described at least one device is to be connected to transmitter (13; 13A-C; 14) selector installation (22) is used for the control signal that comprises the real base station identification data is operated.
21, radio net according to claim 20 is characterized in that, selector installation (22) is arranged to suppress to comprise all control signals except a control signal of virtual bas stations identification data.
According to claim 20 or 21 described radio nets, it is characterized in that 22, base station (8) comprise the device (21) that is used to provide the control signal that comprises virtual bas stations identification data.
23, mobile communications network (10) comprising:
-transmitter, it is arranged to be used for to travelling carriage (6) emissioning controling signal,
This control signal comprises base station identification data,
The place (2 of the transmitter of this base station identification data and transmitting base station identification data; 2A-J; 7; 7A-G; 13; 13A-C; 14; 16; 22) be associated;
-receiver apparatus (40), it is arranged to be used for collect the information that is associated with the feature of control signal when locating received signal at travelling carriage (6), and is used to extract base station identification data; And
-positioner (42), it is arranged to be used for the location estimation of determining travelling carriage (6) based on the feature and the base station identification data of the control signal that is received;
It is characterized in that,
At least one base station identification data comprises virtual bas stations identification data;
Travelling carriage (6) can not differentiate virtual bas stations identification data and real base station identification data;
Travelling carriage (6) can not utilize the virtual subdistrict related with virtual bas stations identification data to be connected to mobile communications network (10); And
Positioner (42) is arranged to determine location estimation based on the transmitter locations that is associated with virtual bas stations identification data at least.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE03026366 | 2003-10-02 | ||
| SE0302636A SE0302636D0 (en) | 2003-10-02 | 2003-10-02 | Positioning method for distributed antenna systems, leaking cable systems and repeater equipment |
| SE03032935 | 2003-12-05 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1864430A CN1864430A (en) | 2006-11-15 |
| CN100566444C true CN100566444C (en) | 2009-12-02 |
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| CNB2004800288899A Expired - Fee Related CN100566444C (en) | 2003-10-02 | 2004-09-15 | The method that the position of travelling carriage is determined |
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| CN (1) | CN100566444C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE0302636D0 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200601808B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP2088806B1 (en) * | 2008-02-08 | 2016-12-14 | Alcatel Lucent | Method, a system of location of a mobile station within a radio coverage zone of a cell and to a radio cellular network implementing this system and a radio cellular network |
| WO2009146577A1 (en) * | 2008-06-06 | 2009-12-10 | 上海贝尔阿尔卡特股份有限公司 | Device and method for indoor wireless positioning in a distributed antenna system |
| CN106102166B (en) * | 2009-05-29 | 2019-12-24 | 瑞典爱立信有限公司 | Signaling measurements for positioning in a wireless network |
| EP2436217B1 (en) | 2009-05-29 | 2019-04-17 | Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ) | Signalling measurements for positioning in a wireless network |
| CN102932737B (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2017-07-25 | 广州中道电子科技有限公司 | A kind of methods, devices and systems for obtaining positional information |
| CN103118332B (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2015-09-30 | 北京拓明科技有限公司 | A kind of localization method to indoor user place floor |
| CN104159198A (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2014-11-19 | 深圳市中兴移动通信有限公司 | Method of displaying position of contact in call interface, mobile terminal and server |
| CN104535961B (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2019-08-06 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of method that realizing wireless location, system and position location computing device |
| CN104848848A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-08-19 | 北京云迹科技有限公司 | Robot map drafting and positioning method based on wireless base station and laser sensor as well as system thereof |
| CN106792498A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-05-31 | 中国科学院信息工程研究所 | Obtain method, system, management platform and the virtual base station of the position of user equipment |
| FR3064074B1 (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2019-05-03 | Sigfox | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR GEOLOCATING A TERMINAL OF A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM |
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2003
- 2003-10-02 SE SE0302636A patent/SE0302636D0/en unknown
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| SE0302636D0 (en) | 2003-10-02 |
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