Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of circuit arrangement that can make the controller of automatic loading water in solar water heater of solar water heater topped up with water in the morning.
To achieve these goals, the present invention has designed a kind of circuit arrangement of controller of automatic loading water in solar water heater, comprising: optical detection circuit is used to respond to light and only produces water triggering signal in the Preset Time section; Solenoid valve control circuit, it is electric to be used for according to described upward water triggering signal magnetic valve being got, with water on the control solar water heater; Water level detection circuit, be used for when the water level of solar water heater arrives predeterminated position, producing one stop on the water triggering signal, make the magnetic valve outage, stop to go up water with the control solar water heater; The last water triggering signal input of the signal output part of optical detection circuit and solenoid valve control circuit links; The water level detecting end of the signal output part of water level detection circuit and solenoid valve control circuit links.Described optical detection circuit comprises light-sensitive element, circuits for triggering and first relay coil; Light-sensitive element is arranged on the control input end of circuits for triggering, and first relay coil is arranged on the control output end of circuits for triggering; Described water level detection circuit is a water level switch, passes through the water conducting when being suitable for the water level arrival predeterminated position in solar water heater; Described solenoid valve control circuit also has first relay normally open contact, second relay and the 3rd relay; One termination power of the 3rd relay normally closed interlock, an end of its another termination first relay normally open contact and second relay normally open contact; The other end of first relay normally open contact and second relay normally open contact all is connected in series ground connection behind the magnetic valve; Second relay coil is in parallel with magnetic valve; The 3rd relay coil and water level switch series connection back are in parallel with magnetic valve; Behind the light-sensitive element induction light, it is once electric that circuits for triggering only made for first relay coil moment get in the Preset Time section, promptly produces the described water triggering signal that goes up, so that the first relay normally open contact moment closure; While second relay coil gets electric, the second relay normally open contact closure; The 3rd relay normally closed interlock, closed second relay normally open contact and magnetic valve form a closed-loop path, make water on the solar water heater; When the water level in solar water heater arrives predeterminated position, water level switch is by the water conducting, promptly produce the described water triggering signal that stops to go up, the 3rd relay coil gets, the 3rd relay normally closed interlock moment disconnection, opened circuit and the magnetic valve outage in described closed-loop path, solar water heater stops to go up water.
In the technique scheme, described solenoid valve control circuit also has the control button that is in parallel with first relay normally open contact; During control button two ends moment conductings, second relay coil gets electric, the second relay normally open contact closure; The 3rd relay normally closed interlock, closed second relay normally open contact and magnetic valve form a closed-loop path, make water on the solar water heater; When the water level in solar water heater arrives predeterminated position, water level switch is by the water conducting, promptly produce the described water triggering signal that stops to go up, the 3rd relay coil gets, the 3rd relay normally closed interlock moment disconnection, opened circuit and the magnetic valve outage in described closed-loop path, solar water heater stops to go up water.
In the technique scheme, light-sensitive element is one of photo resistance, photodiode and phototriode.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following good effect: the circuit arrangement of (1) controller of automatic loading water in solar water heater of the present invention, can make solar water heater topped up with water in the morning, the user by day (as noon) promptly have enough hot water to use, solved available technology adopting regularly, the under-supply problem of hot water brought of the quantitative water mode that adds; Its this circuit arrangement is simple in structure, with low cost and reliability is high.(2) have control button AN in the solenoid valve control circuit of the present invention, be suitable for the user and control at any time to solar water heater watering; After by day hot water being used up as the user, in time add water, in order to the need in evening by control button AN.(3) water level switch of the present invention only passes through the water conducting when water level arrives predeterminated position, and no-voltage effect has at ordinary times been avoided the electrolytic etching of water level detecting electrode, the working life that has prolonged electrode.
The specific embodiment
(embodiment 1)
See Fig. 1-2, the circuit arrangement of the controller of automatic loading water in solar water heater of present embodiment comprises: optical detection circuit, solenoid valve control circuit and water level detection circuit.
Described optical detection circuit comprises photo resistance GR, circuits for triggering and first relay J, 1 coil.
Described circuits for triggering comprise window comparator circuit and electrochemical capacitor C1; Described window comparator circuit comprises operational amplifier IC1, triode DG1, diode D1, first resistance R 1, second resistance R 2, the 3rd resistance R 3, the 4th resistance R 4, the 5th resistance R 5 and the 6th resistance R 6; Described photo resistance GR is arranged between power supply VCC and the ground wire after being connected in series first resistance R 1; The contact of the described photo resistance GR and first resistance R 1 is connected in series the in-phase end that meets operational amplifier IC1 after the 4th resistance R 4; Be arranged between power supply VCC and the ground wire after second resistance R 2 and the 3rd resistance R 3 serial connections; The contact of second resistance R 2 and the 3rd resistance R 3 connects the end of oppisite phase of operational amplifier IC1; The negative electrode of diode D1 connects the in-phase end of operational amplifier IC1, connects the output of operational amplifier IC1 after anode series the 5th resistance R 5 of diode D1; The output of operational amplifier IC1 is connected in series the base stage that meets triode DG1 after the 6th resistance R 6; Meet power supply VCC behind collector series connection first relay J 1 coil of triode DG1; The emitter stage of triode DG1 is connected in series ground connection behind the first electrochemical capacitor C1.
The photo resistance GR and first resistance R 1 are formed the voltage distribution circuit, photo resistance GR variable signal is converted to voltage signal, by resistance R 4 receive operational amplifier IC1+end, second resistance R 2 and the 3rd resistance R 3 are also formed the voltage distribution circuit, a reference voltage V s is provided for operational amplifier IC1, access operational amplifier IC1-end.The 6th resistance R 6 and the first electrochemical capacitor C1 constitute impulse circuit by the be of triode DG1.When operational amplifier IC1 output changed high level into by low level, operational amplifier IC1 output was given the first electrochemical capacitor C1 momentary charge by the be of the 6th resistance R 6 and triode DG1, triode DG1 moment conducting, and 1 coil moment of first relay J gets.
Described water level detection circuit is a water level switch, promptly is arranged on two carbon-point c and d on the solar water heater water tank inner roof wall.When carbon-point c and d passed through the water conducting, then water was full in the water tank.
Described solenoid valve control circuit has magnetic valve CF, control button AN, first relay J, 1 normally open contact, second relay J 2 and the 3rd relay J 3; One termination power VCC of the 3rd relay J 3 normally closed interlocks, an end of its another termination first relay J, 1 normally open contact and second relay J, 2 normally open contacts; The other end of first relay J, 1 normally open contact and second relay J, 2 normally open contacts all is connected in series ground connection behind the magnetic valve CF; Second relay J, 2 coils CF in parallel with magnetic valve; The 3rd relay J 3 coils and water level switch series connection back are in parallel with magnetic valve CF.Control button AN and first relay J, 1 normally open contact are in parallel.
Described Preset Time section refers to one day 24 hours in the present embodiment.
For preventing that photo resistance GR is in that window comparator circuit produces circuit oscillation when closing on resistance, by diode D1 and the 5th resistance R 5 positive feedback operational amplifier IC1+end.Its principle is as follows: as Vin during less than Vs, and operational amplifier IC1 output low level; Vin is during greater than Vs, and operational amplifier IC1 exports high level; By diode D1 and the 5th resistance R 5 positive feedback operational amplifier IC1+when end, operational amplifier IC1+voltage of end improves, Vin descends as this moment, the output of operational amplifier IC1 still is high level; Choose R5/R4=10, the voltage that opens the door of this circuit is Vs, closes gate voltage and is about Vs-0.1Vout, less than the voltage that opens the door.During night, the resistance in the dark of light-sensitive element is big, and Vin is less than Vs, the operational amplifier output low level, and the first electrochemical capacitor C1 does not charge, and first relay J 1 is failure to actuate; During early morning, light intensity increases, and the photo resistance resistance reduces, and Vin increases; When Vin was higher than Vs, operational amplifier IC1 exported high level, at the rising edge of voltage, and the first electrochemical capacitor C1 momentary charge, 1 moment of first relay J opens, and when first electrochemical capacitor C1 charging finished, first relay J 1 was closed thereupon.The resistance on photo resistance daytime all is lower than certain value, and the Vin perseverance is greater than Vs, and operational amplifier IC1 exports no change, and the first electrochemical capacitor C1 is in full state, and first relay J 1 is failure to actuate; In the time of at dusk, with weakening of light intensity, the resistance of light-sensitive element increases, Vin reduces, when Vin is lower than Vs-0.01Vout, and operational amplifier IC1 output low level, the first electrochemical capacitor C1 does not charge, and first relay J 1 is failure to actuate, and reduces gradually because of electric leakage makes the first electrochemical capacitor C1 both end voltage simultaneously.Therefore realized only opening first relay J 1 morning once the function that all the other time relays of whole day are failure to actuate.
Every day, behind the photo resistance GR induction light in early morning, it is once electric that circuits for triggering get 1 coil moment of first relay J, so that first relay J, 1 normally open contact moment closure; While second relay J, 2 coils get electric, second relay J, 2 normally open contact closures; The 3rd relay J 3 normally closed interlocks, closed second relay J, 2 normally open contacts and magnetic valve CF form a closed-loop path, make water on the solar water heater; When the water level in solar water heater arrives predeterminated position, carbon-point c and d are by the water conducting, and the 3rd relay J 3 coils get electric, the 3 normally closed interlock moment disconnections of the 3rd relay J, opened circuit and magnetic valve CF outage in described closed-loop path, solar water heater stops to go up water.
During control button AN two ends moment conductings, second relay J, 2 coils get electric, second relay J, 2 normally open contact closures; The 3rd relay J 3 normally closed interlocks, closed second relay J, 2 normally open contacts and magnetic valve CF form a closed-loop path, make water on the solar water heater; When the water level in solar water heater arrives predeterminated position, carbon-point c and d are by the water conducting, and the 3rd relay J 3 coils get electric, the 3 normally closed interlock moment disconnections of the 3rd relay J, opened circuit and magnetic valve CF outage in described closed-loop path, solar water heater stops to go up water.
(embodiment 2)
On the basis of embodiment 1, the optical detection circuit of present embodiment can also have following distortion:
See Fig. 3, described optical detection circuit comprises photodiode GR1, circuits for triggering and first relay J, 1 coil.
Described circuits for triggering comprise the Schmidt trigger and the first electrochemical capacitor C1.Schmidt trigger comprises: timer NE555, the 7th resistance R 7 and second capacitor C 2.
The Schmidt trigger output is that 3 pin of timer NE555 are connected in series ground connection behind first relay J, 1 coil and the first electrochemical capacitor C1 successively; The triggering input of Schmidt trigger is that 2 pin and 6 pin of timer NE555 connect described photodiode GR1 negative electrode, photodiode GR1 plus earth.
(embodiment 3)
See Fig. 4, on the basis of embodiment 1, the optical detection circuit of present embodiment can also have following distortion:
Described optical detection circuit comprises phototriode GR2, circuits for triggering and first relay J, 1 coil.
Described circuits for triggering comprise the thyristor gating circuit and the first electrochemical capacitor C1; Described thyristor gating circuit comprises IGCT VS, the 7th resistance R 7, the second electrochemical capacitor C2 and voltage-stabiliser tube VD1; Described first relay J, 1 coil is arranged between power supply VCC and the IGCT VS anode; IGCT VS negative electrode is connected in series ground connection behind the first electrochemical capacitor C1; Described phototriode GR2 one termination power VCC, the other end are connected in series the 7th resistance R 7 back ground connection; The contact of described phototriode GR2 and the 7th resistance R 7 connects the positive pole of the second electrochemical capacitor C2, and the negative pole of the second electrochemical capacitor C2 connects the control utmost point of IGCT VS; Ground connection behind the control utmost point serial connection voltage-stabiliser tube VD1 of IGCT VS.
(embodiment 4)
On the basis of embodiment 1, the optical detection circuit of present embodiment can also have following distortion:
Described optical detection circuit comprises light-sensitive element, circuits for triggering and first relay J, 1 coil.
Described circuits for triggering comprise the single-chip microcomputer and the first electrochemical capacitor C1; The control output end of single-chip microcomputer is connected in series ground connection behind first relay J, 1 coil and the first electrochemical capacitor C1 successively; The control input end of single-chip microcomputer is provided with a light-sensitive element.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention only is for example of the present invention clearly is described, and is not to be qualification to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here need not also can't give exhaustive to all embodiments.And these belong to conspicuous variation or the change that spirit of the present invention extended out and still are among protection scope of the present invention.