CN100564874C - The displacement control valve that is used for the compressor with variable displacement of clutchless type - Google Patents
The displacement control valve that is used for the compressor with variable displacement of clutchless type Download PDFInfo
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- CN100564874C CN100564874C CNB2006100748677A CN200610074867A CN100564874C CN 100564874 C CN100564874 C CN 100564874C CN B2006100748677 A CNB2006100748677 A CN B2006100748677A CN 200610074867 A CN200610074867 A CN 200610074867A CN 100564874 C CN100564874 C CN 100564874C
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Abstract
A kind of displacement control valve, it comprises the reciprocal main body with valve body.This reciprocal main body comprises the first axle part with valve body and is coaxial and be inserted into the second axle part in this valve opening with this first axle part.This first axle part is positioned adjacent to this solenoid.This second axle part is connected with this pressure sensing mechanism.This second axle part and this valve opening limit the free-pouring flow path of refrigeration agent.Restriction is formed between this first axle part and this second axle part and is coaxial with this first axle part and this second axle part.The diameter of the end of close this second axle part of this restriction is set the diameter greater than the end of close this restriction of this second axle part for.The flow rate of this refrigeration agent in this flow path suppressed by this restriction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of displacement control valve that is used for the clutchless type compressor with variable displacement of Vehicular air-conditioning apparatus, this displacement control valve is controlled the discharge capacity of compressor in variable mode.
Background technique
Usually, be known that compressor with variable displacement (being designated hereinafter simply as " compressor ") as the compressor in the Vehicular air-conditioning apparatus, this compressor can be controlled its discharge capacity in variable mode.In this compressor, swash plate is contained in the control pressure chamber and can tilts with respect to live axle.When the pressure in this control pressure chamber raise, the inclination (inclination that is swash plate diminishes) of state of the axis of vertical drive shaft appearred trending towards in swash plate.On the other hand, when the pressure in this control pressure chamber descended, the inclination (inclination that is swash plate becomes big) of the axis of live axle appearred trending towards in swash plate.This compressor has the piston that stroke changes according to the inclination of swash plate.For example, the pressure height in this control pressure chamber and the inclination of swash plate hour, the stroke of piston is less.When and inclination swash plate low when the pressure in this control pressure chamber was big, the stroke of piston was bigger.When the stroke of piston reduced, the discharge capacity of compressor reduced.When the stroke of piston increased, the discharge capacity of compressor increased.
Publication number is that the unexamined Japanese patent application of No.2000-18420 has disclosed a kind of displacement control valve that is used for compressor with variable displacement.Fig. 9 shows the displacement control valve 100 that is used for this compressor, and its may command is supplied to the amount of the refrigeration agent of control pressure chamber from exhaust cavity.This displacement control valve 100 comprises valve chest 101, and it has and first port one 02 of exhaust pressure regional connectivity and second port one 03 that is communicated with control pressure chamber.First port one 02 is exposed to the pressure P d in exhaust pressure zone, and second port one 03 is exposed to the pressure P c of control pressure chamber.Valve chest 101 has the coolant channel that the port one 02 of winning is communicated with second port one 03.This coolant channel comprises and being formed in the valve chest 101 so that the valve pocket 104 that is communicated with second port one 03 also comprises the valve opening 105 that is formed between the valve pocket 104 and first port one 02.This displacement control valve 100 has pressure-sensing chamber 106 at an end place of valve chest 101, accommodates the pressure sensing mechanism 107 with bellows 108 therein.The Pressure testing port one 09 of pressure-sensing chamber 106 in being formed on valve chest 101 is communicated with suction-pressure region.Pressure-sensing chamber 106 is exposed to the pressure P s of suction-pressure region.
Solenoid 110 is arranged in the part away from pressure-sensing chamber 106 of valve chest 101 and (promptly is in the place, the other end of valve chest 101).Solenoid 110 has the fixed core 111 that is fixed on the valve chest 101, the movable core 112 that can move with respect to fixed core 111 and surrounds fixed core 111 and the electromagnetic coil 113 of movable core 112.Fixed core 111 has the hole 111a that is formed on wherein, as bar 114 these holes of insertion of reciprocal main body.Bar 114 also extends through valve opening 105.One end of bar 114 contact with movable core 112, and its other end and pressure-sensing chamber 106 interior pressure sensing mechanism 107 are connected.
Bar 114 comprises: the first axle part 115, and it has the valve body 116 that is used to seal valve opening 105; Be inserted into the second axle part 117 in the 101a of hole, pressure-sensing chamber 106 is communicated with coolant channel via this hole; And make the minor diameter 118 that the first axle part 115 is connected with the second axle part 117.Protuberance 119 is formed between the first axle part 115 and the minor diameter 118, so that towards minor diameter 118 convergents.Protuberance 119 roughly is frustoconical and has tapered surface based on this convergent shape.The minimum diameter of protuberance 119 (that is, itself and the diameter of the part that is connected minor diameter 118 joints) is equivalent to the diameter of minor diameter 118.The valve body 116 of the first axle part 115 is the valve bodies that are used to open and seal valve opening 105.When this valve body 116 was opened valve opening 105, first port one 02, coolant channel and second port one 03 flowed into control pressure chamber to refrigeration agent from the exhaust pressure zone.When these valve body 116 sealing valve openings 105, stop refrigeration agent to flow into control pressure chamber from the exhaust pressure zone.
When bar 114 being moved when solenoid 110 excited target of this displacement control valve 100 so that along the direction that makes valve opening 105 shown in Figure 10 A, seal, the amount that flows into the refrigeration agent of control pressure chamber from the exhaust pressure zone reduces, and this makes the inclination of swash plate increase with the decline of the pressure in the control pressure chamber.On the other hand, when this solenoid 110 not during excited target, valve body 116 moves away from valve opening 105 shown in Figure 10 B, so that make the amount that flows into the refrigeration agent of control pressure chamber from the exhaust pressure zone increase, this makes the inclination of swash plate reduce with the rising of the pressure in the control pressure chamber.Should be noted that when valve body 116 is opened and sealed valve opening 105, be arranged on the section area that protuberance 119 on the bar 114 little by little changes valve opening 105.This has stoped the high-pressure refrigerant that is fed in this control pressure chamber to occur beginning apace and stopping, and has stablized the discharge capacity control of compressor thus.
In the compressor of clutchless type, this compressor obtains power so that move with minimum injection rate from external drive source (for example vehicle motor) consistently, the refrigeration agent of required is q.s flows into control pressure chamber from the exhaust pressure zone through this displacement control valve, so that guarantee enough lubricating with the compressor of minimum injection rate operation.Therefore, the gap between the interior perimeter surface of the peripheral surface of bar and valve opening need increase when the compressor minimum injection rate moves as the part of coolant channel.
Simultaneously, in the control area that compressor displacement changes, if flow into the flow rate of refrigeration agent of control pressure chamber from the exhaust pressure zone bigger, then the intensity of variation of the flow rate of refrigeration agent is very big when bar is opened this valve opening.This makes the pressure in the control pressure chamber change fast, and its result is to cause the controllability of discharge capacity to worsen.
The bar of conventional displacement control valve has the protuberance towards the minor diameter convergent.Therefore, the section area of valve opening is little by little changed by this protuberance, changes the flow rate of the refrigeration agent in valve opening thus gradually.With regard to this respect, conventional displacement control valve is favourable.Yet in order little by little to change the flow rate of the refrigeration agent in valve opening, the tapered surface of protuberance need be set in the particular range with respect to the angle of the axis of this bar.Protuberance is set according to the angle of tapered surface along the axial length of bar.Because processing, required is protuberance axially has enough length so that form tapered surface on protuberance along bar.More particularly, because protuberance forms bar, owing to the solenoid excited target makes the displacement distance of bar need be configured to greater than the axial length of protuberance along bar, so that guarantee refrigeration agent for the lubricated required q.s of the compressor of minimum injection rate operation.When the displacement distance of the bar that is used as reciprocal main body was set for greatly, required solenoidal magnetive attraction was bigger, and this is unfavorable for reducing the size of displacement control valve and saves electric power.
Incidentally, in order to shorten the displacement distance of bar, tapered surface needs to increase with respect to the angle of movement direction.Existing risk is that because the angle of tapered surface increases, the flow rate of refrigeration agent may change very apace when bar is opened valve opening.Like this, the pressure in the control pressure chamber may change apace, causes the drawability of discharge capacity to worsen thus.Although can increase the diameter of minor diameter, the increasing diameter of minor diameter makes the gap between minor diameter and the valve opening reduce greatly, and this makes can not guarantee enough refrigerant flow rate when valve body is opened valve opening.
When the refrigeration agent of compressor was carbon dioxide, the rising difference of refrigerant pressure was compared obviously different with the rising difference of other refrigeration agent.This makes can be by with valve body and the valve opening refrigeration agent that is provided for controlling enough flow rates of compressor spaced apart a little.That is to say that when refrigeration agent was carbon dioxide, the displacement distance of the bar of displacement control valve was set for less.Yet,, make the displacement distance of bar increase along the axial length of protuberance if bar is provided with the protuberance of convergent.In addition, owing to flow into the flowing and interrupt being realizing of refrigeration agent of control pressure chamber from the exhaust pressure zone through valve opening, therefore when refrigeration agent is carbon dioxide, can not suitably realize the function that refrigerant flow rate changes gradually by the protuberance of routine by small basically bar displacement distance.In addition, when refrigeration agent is carbon dioxide, except the displacement distance of bar shortens, flow into control pressure chamber from the exhaust pressure zone so that need to reduce reliably, so that the flow rate of the refrigeration agent of the valve opening that suppresses reliably to flow through along the amount that makes the direction of valve opening sealing move the refrigeration agent of this bar.
The present invention relates to a kind of like this displacement control valve, refrigerant flow rate by the valve opening of guaranteeing when compressor moves with minimum injection rate, to flow through, it can shorten the displacement distance of the reciprocal main body with valve body, and the flow rate of the refrigeration agent of the valve opening in the control area that can suppress reliably to flow through, and can guarantee in compressor, to obtain enough lubricated.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of displacement control valve that is used for the loop-coupled clutchless type compressor with variable displacement of external refrigerant.This compressor has control pressure chamber.This compressor and this external refrigerant loop have the exhaust pressure zone.This displacement control valve comprises first port, second port, coolant channel, valve opening, reciprocal main body, pressure sensing mechanism and solenoid.First port and this exhaust pressure regional connectivity.Second port is communicated with this control pressure chamber.Coolant channel makes this first port be connected with this second port.Valve opening is provided with in this coolant channel.This reciprocal main body comprises the first axle part with valve body and is coaxial and be inserted into the second axle part in this valve opening with this first axle part.Valve body is used to open or seals this valve opening.Pressure sensing mechanism moves this reciprocal main body according to the pressure in this exhaust pressure zone along the direction that makes this valve opening open.Solenoid is along making the direction of this valve opening sealing promote this reciprocal main body.This first axle part is positioned adjacent to this solenoid.This second axle part is connected with this pressure sensing mechanism.This second axle part and this valve opening limit the free-pouring flow path of refrigeration agent.Restriction is formed between this first axle part and this second axle part and is coaxial with this first axle part and this second axle part.The diameter of the end of close this second axle part of this restriction is set the diameter greater than the end of close this restriction of this second axle part for.The flow rate of this refrigeration agent in this flow path suppressed by this restriction.
With reference to the following description of currently preferred embodiment and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention may be better understood and objects and advantages of the present invention
Description of drawings
Difference technical characteristics of the present invention limits in accompanying Claim.With reference to the following description of currently preferred embodiment and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention may be better understood and objects and advantages of the present invention, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal cross-section schematic representation according to the compressor housing of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 shows the longitudinal cross-section schematic representation according to first embodiment's displacement control valve;
Fig. 3 shows the partial section according to the throttling part of first embodiment's displacement control valve;
Fig. 4 A shows the detailed plot according to the shape of first embodiment's throttling part;
Fig. 4 B shows the sectional view according to first embodiment's throttling part;
Fig. 4 C shows the sectional view of the throttling part of prior art;
Fig. 4 D shows the sectional view of the throttling part of prior art;
Fig. 5 A is the partial section of explanation according to the work of first embodiment's displacement control valve;
Fig. 5 B is the partial section of explanation according to the work of first embodiment's displacement control valve;
Fig. 6 is the partial section according to the throttling part of second embodiment's displacement control valve;
Fig. 7 A is the partial section of explanation according to the work of second embodiment's displacement control valve;
Fig. 7 B is the partial section of explanation according to the work of second embodiment's displacement control valve;
Fig. 8 is the partial section according to the throttling part of the 3rd embodiment's displacement control valve;
Fig. 9 shows the longitudinal cross-section schematic representation of the displacement control valve of prior art;
Figure 10 A is the partial section of work of explaining the displacement control valve of prior art; With
Figure 10 B is the partial section of work of explaining the displacement control valve of prior art.
Embodiment
Followingly the displacement control valve that is used for the clutchless type compressor with variable displacement (being designated hereinafter simply as " displacement control valve ") according to the first embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to accompanying drawing 1-3,4A-4D, 5A and 5B.At first, description is according to the structure of embodiment's clutchless type compressor with variable displacement (being designated hereinafter simply as " compressor ").With reference to Fig. 1, compressor 10 comprises housing 11, and it forms the profile of compressor.This housing 11 comprises: cylinder body 12, and it has a plurality of cylinders hole 12a that is formed on wherein; The front case 13 that is connected with the front end of cylinder body 12; And the rear case 14 that is connected with the rear end of cylinder body 12.Bolt 15 passes front case 13, cylinder body 12 and rear case 14 so that along axially these parts being tightened together of bolt 15, thus so that the fixing integrally housing 11 that forms of these parts.
The front end of live axle 17 is connected to (unshowned) external drive source via power transmission mechanism.This power transmission mechanism is the clutchless type mechanism that is provided by the band and the assembly of belt wheel, and it makes power transmit serially.
Helical spring 25 is around the part coiling between lug dish 21 and swash plate 23 of live axle 17, and the thrust of this spring forces tubular body 26 to be assemblied on the live axle 17 in the mode that can be free to slide backwards.By the tubular body 26 that is applied power by helical spring 25, swash plate 23 is pushed continuously backward, perhaps along the direction pushing swash plate that makes that the inclination of swash plate 23 descends.The inclination that should be noted that swash plate 23 means the plane of vertical drive shaft 17 and the folded angle in plane of swash plate 23.Stopping part 23a is outstanding from the front surface of swash plate 23.When stopping part 23a contacts with lug dish 21 as illustrated in fig. 1, may be adjusted to the maximum inclination of swash plate 23.Retaining ring 27 is assemblied in being positioned on swash plate 23 part afterwards of live axle 17, and helical spring 28 is coiled in being positioned on retaining ring 27 part before of live axle 17.When the preceding end in contact of swash plate 23 and helical spring 28, be adjusted to the minimal tilt degree of swash plate 23.
Each cylinder hole 12a of cylinder body 12 has and is arranged on wherein so that the single head pison that moves back and forth therein 29.The neck of each piston 29 engages with the peripheral part of swash plate 23 by a pair of crawler shoe 30.When swash plate rotates with the rotation of live axle 17, make each piston 29 to-and-fro motion by the crawler shoe 30 of corresponding pairs.
On the other hand, as shown in Figure 1, the front end of rear case 14 is connected to the rear end of cylinder body 12.Valve plate 32, valve body form plate 33,34 and retainer 35 is arranged between rear case 14 and the cylinder body 12.Rear case 14 is the back parts that formed by two housing parts that are connected on the cylinder body 12, and air aspiration cavity 38 is formed on the center of rear case 14.The suction port 36 of air aspiration cavity 38 in being arranged on valve plate 32 is communicated with compression chamber 31 in the 12a of cylinder hole.In addition, exhaust cavity 39 is formed in the rear case 14 around air aspiration cavity 38.Exhaust cavity 39 separates with air aspiration cavity 38 by partition wall 14a.
The compression chamber 31 of valve plate 32 in piston 29 correspondingly is formed on cylinder hole 12a.The exhaust port 37 that valve plate 32 also has the suction port 36 that is communicated with air aspiration cavity 38 in the rear case 14 and is communicated with exhaust cavity 39 in the rear case 14.It is that the Aspirating valves that forms (unshowned) Aspirating valves forms plate that valve body forms plate 33, and device is arranged between compression chamber 31 and the air aspiration cavity 38.On the other hand, it is that the outlet valve that forms reed-type outlet valve 34a forms plate that valve body forms plate 34, and it is provided with between exhaust port 37 and the exhaust cavity 39.The maximum open that retainer 35 is regulated each outlet valve 34a.
And when piston 29 when the dead point moves to lower dead centre from it, the refrigeration agent in air aspiration cavity 38 is incorporated in its compression chamber 31 through its suction port 36 and its Aspirating valves.When piston 29 when its lower dead centre moves to its upper dead center, be incorporated into that refrigeration agents in the compression chamber 31 are compressed to predetermined pressure and with after its exhaust port 37 and its outlet valve 34a are discharged into exhaust cavity 39.The inclination of swash plate 23 determines based on the balance between the moment, the moment that rotatablely moves that moment for example produces for the centrifugal force by swash plate 23, the moment that is produced by the reciprocal inertia force of each piston 29 and moment of being produced by refrigerant pressure or the like.The moment that is produced by refrigerant pressure is based on the moment of the relation generation between the pressure in pressure and the control pressure chamber 16 in each compression chamber 31, pressure in the control pressure chamber 16 acts on the back side of each piston 29, and is applied on the swash plate 23 along the direction that increases or reduce inclination based on the pressure surge in the control pressure chamber 16.
The external refrigerant loop is below described.The inlet 40 of air aspiration cavity 38 in being formed on rear case 14 is connected to the external refrigerant loop, and externally the refrigeration agent in the refrigerant circuit 40 is fed to air aspiration cavity 38 through entering the mouth.In this embodiment, air aspiration cavity 38 and inlet 40 are included in the suction-pressure region.In addition, the outlet 41 of exhaust cavity 39 in being formed on rear case 14 is connected to external refrigerant loop 42, and the refrigeration agent in exhaust cavity 39 is fed to external refrigerant loop 42 through exporting 41.This external refrigerant loop 42 comprises from refrigeration agent and absorbs the condenser 43, expansion valve 44 of heat and with the vaporizer 45 of heat transferred refrigeration agent.
Expansion valve 44 is that the automatic expansion valve of sensing temperature formula is controlled the flow rate of refrigeration agent so that fluctuate according to the refrigerant temperature in vaporizer 45 downstreams.Flow controller 46 is arranged in the part of upstream of outlet 41 downstreams in external refrigerant loop and condenser 43.In this embodiment, for the sake of simplicity, the part between outlet 41 and the flow controller 46 in external refrigerant loop is the circuit upstream 42a that is on the exhaust side in external refrigerant loop 42, and the part between flow controller 46 and the condenser 43 in external refrigerant loop is the downstream loop 42b that is on the exhaust side in external refrigerant loop 42.In this embodiment, exhaust cavity 39, circuit upstream 42a, downstream loop 42b are included in the exhaust pressure zone.
In first embodiment, compressor 10 utilizes displacement control valve 50 to regulate pressure in the control pressure chamber 16, suitably changes the moment that is produced by refrigerant pressure thus.This makes the inclination of swash plate 23 can be set at the optional angle between minimal tilt degree and the maximum inclination.
As shown in Figure 1, in rear case 14, has displacement control valve 50 so that the refrigeration agent in the exhaust pressure zone is fed to control pressure chamber 16.As shown in Figure 2, displacement control valve 50 mainly comprises: the valve chest 51 of generally tubular has a plurality of chambeies therein; Be connected to the solenoid 66 on the valve chest 51; As the bar 70 of reciprocal main body, it has valve body 72; And pressure sensing mechanism 62, it makes bar 70 edges move with the direction that bar 70 movement directions are opposite when encouraging this solenoid 66.
In pressure-sensing chamber 52, accommodate pressure sensing mechanism 62.Pressure sensing mechanism 62 has bellows 63, and it is divided into low-pressure cavity 52a and hyperbaric chamber 52b with pressure-sensing chamber 52.The fixed end of bellows 63 is fixed on the end wall spare 58.Pressure-sensing chamber 52 has the hyperbaric chamber 52b that is formed on bellows 63 inboards, and hyperbaric chamber 52b is communicated with the second pressure-sensing chamber port 56.Pressure-sensing chamber 52 also has the low-pressure cavity 52a that is formed on bellows 63 outsides, and low-pressure cavity 52a is communicated with the first pressure-sensing chamber port 55.Movable piece 64 is installed in the movable end of bellows 63.Pressure difference between low-pressure cavity 52a and the hyperbaric chamber 52b applies a power along the bearing of trend of bellows 63 to movable piece 64.Therefore, when the pressure difference between low-pressure cavity 52a and the hyperbaric chamber 52b occurred, this power along the bearing of trend of bellows 63 was applied on the movable piece 64.
Fig. 4 A shows the shape of first embodiment's restriction 76.If the displacement distance of bar 70 is represented by horizontal axis, and the section area of flow path is represented that by vertical axis the solid line that the shape of restriction 76 (seeing Fig. 4 B) is ordered by connection A, B, C, D, E among Fig. 4 A is represented.That is to say, if the state of valve body 72 sealing valve openings 54 is represented by true origin (some A), when valve body 72 was opened valve opening 54, according to the valve body of being represented by solid line AB 72 and the section area in the gap between the partition wall 51a, the section area of flow path increased fast.When the section area in the gap between valve body 72 and the partition wall 51a surpasses the section area in the gap between the peripheral surface of the tapered surface 76a of restriction 76 and valve opening 54, the section area of flow path depends on the section area in the gap between the peripheral surface of the tapered surface 76a of restriction 76 and valve opening 54, little by little increases the section area of flow path thus according to the shape of the tapered surface 76a that is represented by solid line BC.When the displacement distance from true origin (some A) be increased to as solid line CD represent make that restriction 76 is left valve opening 54 time, the greatest measure of representing as solid line DE that the section area of flow path becomes that diameter by the internal diameter of valve opening 54 and the second axle part 75 provides.The greatest measure that should be noted that the section area of the flow path of being represented by solid line DE is so set, and, can guarantee to be enough to realize the refrigerant flow rate that compressor 10 is lubricated when compressor 10 moves with minimum injection rate that is.That is to say, block curve figure shown in Fig. 4 A means, when thereby the specific displacement distance that surpasses bar 70 according to the displacement distance of bar 70 when the restriction 76 with tapered surface 76a increased the section area of flow path gradually, the section area of the flow path that is provided by valve opening 54 and the second axle part 75 became constant value.And, the shape of protuberance 120 of (referring to Fig. 4 C) that the line segment that connection A, B shown in Fig. 4 A, C, F are ordered represents to have conventional tapered surface.In addition, the line segment of ordering of connection A, B, D, the E shown in Fig. 4 A represent the to have conventional tapered surface shape of protuberance 119 of (referring to Fig. 4 D).In the line segment that connection A, B, C, F shown in Fig. 4 A are ordered, although protuberance 120 has tapered surface gradually, protuberance 120 has prolonged the displacement distance of bar 70.In the line segment that connection A, B, D, E shown in Fig. 4 A are ordered, although protuberance 119 has the big tapered surface of inclination and has shortened the displacement distance of bar 70, but because the inclination of tapered surface is big, protuberance 119 causes refrigerant flow rate to occur changing fast easily.
Simultaneously, shown in Fig. 5 B, under restriction 76 was inserted state in the valve openings 54, small gap was formed between the internal surface of the tapered surface 76a of restriction 76 and valve opening 54.The axial length of restriction 76 is set the maximum moving distance less than bar 70 for.It should be noted that, the maximum moving distance of bar 70 be bar 70 when excited target and movable core 68 and fixed core 67 are not spaced apart when solenoid 66 the position and when duty ratio be that the position (, when valve body 72 contacts with partition wall 51a so that the position of bar 70 when sealing valve opening 54) of 100% electric current bar 70 when being supplied to the farthest close fixed core 67 of solenoid 66 and movable core 68 provides.When bar 70 to-and-fro motion, restriction 76 is inserted in the valve opening 54 or from valve opening and shifts out.When bar 70 was inserted in the valve opening 54, the refrigerant flow rate of the part of the flow path of flowing through was carried out throttling by restriction 76.That is to say that restriction 76 plays throttling action so that suppress refrigerant flow rate in flow path.In addition, because the diameter of restriction 76 is reduced to the second axle part 75 from the first axle part 71, can be by making restriction 76 be inserted in the valve opening 54 or restriction 76 shifts out from valve opening 54, thus between the variable inhibition of the flow rate that keeps restriction to provide and this inhibitory action of releasing, switch.
The work of this embodiment's displacement control valve is described hereinafter with reference to Fig. 5 A, 5B.Fig. 5 A shows when movable core 68 state of displacement control valve 50 when spaced apart with fixed core 67 farthest.In this state, thus excited target and bar 70 do not move towards solenoid 66 by the thrust of helical spring 74 and pressure sensing mechanism 62 solenoid 66.The valve body 72 of bar 70 and partition wall 51a are spaced apart and be positioned at valve pocket 53, and valve opening 54 is opened fully.This moment, the part of the high-pressure refrigerant in downstream loop 42b is in the low-pressure cavity 52a that passage 59 and the first pressure-sensing chamber port 55 are incorporated in the pressure-sensing chamber 52, and based on the open mode of valve opening 54, the flow path that the refrigeration agent in low-pressure cavity 52a is flowed through and provided by valve opening 54 and the second axle part 75.The refrigeration agent of this flow path of flowing through is incorporated in the control pressure chamber 16 from valve pocket 53 through valve pocket port 57 and passage 61.Because high-pressure refrigerant is fed in the control pressure chamber 16, so the inclination of swash plate 23 becomes minimum state, and compressor moves with minimum injection rate thus.
On the other hand, Fig. 5 B shows the state that displacement control valve 50 changes the discharge capacity of compressor 10.Because for example the heat load of the rising of the temperature in the compartment increases, electric current is supplied to solenoid 66 so that excitation solenoid 66.Thereby movable core 68 makes bar 70 move towards pressure sensing mechanism 62 by the close fixed core 67 of the excitation of solenoid 66 thus.Simultaneously, according to the pressure difference between circuit upstream 42a and the downstream loop 42b, thrust imposes on the bellows 63 of pressure sensing mechanism 62.Thrust, the thrust of helical spring 74 and making a concerted effort of solenoidal exciting force according to bellows 63 make bar 70 move towards pressure sensing mechanism 62.Because moving of bar 70, the valve body 72 of the first axle part 71 near partition wall 51a and simultaneously restriction 76 near valve opening 54.
Shown in Fig. 5 B, when along sealing valve opening 54 so that when making that the part of restriction is inserted into direction movement rod 70 in the valve opening 54, the part of the section area of flow path reduces according to the position of the tapered surface 76a of restriction 76.In this state, the refrigerant flow rate that flows to valve pocket port 57 from the first pressure-sensing chamber port 55 through valve opening 54 is subjected to the throttling action of the restriction 76 the valve opening 54, sufficiently suppresses refrigerant flow rate thus.For example, although 76 pairs of these refrigerant flow rate of restriction apply throttling action under the restriction 76 shallow states that are inserted in the valve opening 54, because the section area of flow path is in bigger state, a certain amount of refrigeration agent flow into flow path.Because the section area of flow path becomes less state when restriction 76 is inserted into state in the valve opening 54 deeply, so 76 pairs of these refrigerant flow rate of restriction provide enough throttling actions, thus the reduction amount of refrigeration agent of this flow path of flowing through.As mentioned above, the refrigerant flow rate that flows to valve pocket 53 through flow path from low-pressure cavity 52a reduces according to the position of tapered surface 76a, makes the amount that is incorporated into the refrigeration agent in the control pressure chamber 16 from displacement control valve 50 reduce thus.That is to say that when the amount of the refrigeration agent in displacement control valve 50 is incorporated into control pressure chamber 16 reduced gradually, the pressure in the control pressure chamber 16 reduced,, increase the discharge capacity of compressor thus so that increase the inclination of swash plate 23.
Thereby the situation that valve opening is opened that makes when the state that is sealed by valve body 72 from valve opening 54 when bar 70 moves will be described below.When bar 70 moved along the direction that makes valve opening 54 open, valve body 72 was spaced apart with valve opening 54, opens valve opening 54 thus gradually.When valve body 72 began to open valve opening 54, because restriction 76 is inserted in the valve opening 54 deeply, the section area of flow path was in less state.This moment, 76 pairs of these refrigerant flow rate of restriction provide enough throttling actions, and a spot of refrigeration agent this flow path of flowing through.The section area of the flow path that is provided by valve opening 54 and tapered surface 76a increases gradually with moving of bar 70.Because tapered surface 76a is the mild angles that have nothing to do with the second axle part 75 with respect to the inclination of the movement direction of bar 70, therefore refrigerant flow rate can not change fast in the process of the section area that increases flow path.When bar 70 is moved further when making that restriction 76 shifts out from valve opening 54, the greatest measure that is provided by valve opening 54 and the second axle part 75 is provided the section area of flow path, makes the refrigeration agent of the q.s valve opening 54 of flowing through thus.Should be noted that balance between the thrust of the thrust of the open mode of the valve opening of determining by valve body 72 54 or exciting force that closed state mainly is based on solenoid 66, helical spring 74 and pressure sensing mechanism 62 and definite.
This embodiment's displacement control valve 50 has following advantage.
(1) has from the tapered surface 76a of the first axle part 71 owing to restriction 76 towards the second axle part 75 convergents, therefore move so that when being inserted into the part of restriction 76 in the valve opening 54 along the direction that makes valve opening 54 seal when bar 70, the part of the section area of flow path is little by little reduced by restriction 76.Therefore, come stably to realize enough inhibition thus according to the position of tapered surface 76a in valve opening 54 to refrigerant flow rate to providing throttling action from the refrigerant flow rate that the first pressure-sensing chamber port 55 flows to valve pocket port 57 through valve opening 54.Therefore,, also can suppress the increase of the displacement distance of bar 70, and can in the control area of compressor 10 displacement variation, keep controllability reliably simultaneously even restriction 76 has tapered surface 76a.
(2) thus form this bar 70 because the first axle part 71, the second axle part 75 and restriction 76 are integrally made a unit, compare thereby therefore make the situation that forms reciprocal main body respectively with them, the processing of reciprocal main body of the present invention and make easier.In addition, can reduce the quantity of parts.
(3), therefore do not need to set the displacement distance of bar 70 according to the axial length of restriction 76 because the axial length of restriction 76 is set the displacement distance less than bar 70 for.Like this, can reduce the motivating solenoid power that makes that bar 70 moves, thereby for example save the electric energy of solenoid 66 and reduce the size of solenoid 66.
(4) when refrigeration agent is carbon dioxide, the rising difference of refrigerant pressure is compared obviously different with the rising difference of other refrigeration agent.This makes can be by with valve body 72 and valve opening 54 refrigeration agent that the enough flow rates that flow into valve opening 54 are provided spaced apart a little.Under the state of valve body 72 sealing valve openings 54, can sufficiently reduce the gap between tapered surface 76a and the valve opening 54 when valve body 72 is spaced apart with partition wall 51a so that when opening valve opening 54, suppress the quick variation of refrigerant flow rate thus.Simultaneously, when valve body 72 is opened valve opening 54, restriction 76 make the refrigerant flow rate that flows into control pressure chamber 16 from the exhaust pressure zone according to tapered surface 76a valve opening 54 the position and increase gradually, can stably change the refrigerant flow rate of the valve opening 54 of flowing through like this.
(5) when compressor 10 moves with its minimum injection rate,, therefore do not suppress refrigerant flow rate from valve opening 54 because restriction 76 shifts out.That is to say,, therefore be enough to realize lubricating for compressor 10 because this refrigerant flow rate has been guaranteed in the big gap between the interior perimeter surface of the outer surface of the second axle part 75 and valve opening 54.
The following displacement control valve of describing the second embodiment of the present invention with reference to Fig. 6,7A, 7B.Because the overwhelming majority of second embodiment's displacement control valve is identical with first embodiment's displacement control valve 50, therefore same or analogous reference character is used for second embodiment's reference character, so that second embodiment's description can be with reference to first embodiment's identical or corresponding description.As shown in Figure 6, second embodiment's the displacement control valve 80 and first embodiment's displacement control valve 50 differences are the restriction 86 of bar 81.This embodiment's restriction 86 has cylindrical surface, and it has the peripheral surface 86a parallel with the movement direction of bar 81.Restriction 86 integrally forms with the first axle part 82 and the second axle part 85, so that form the part of bar 81.Restriction 86 is coaxial with the first axle part 82 and the second axle part 85, and is arranged between the first axle part 82 and the second axle part 85.The end diameter of the close the second axle part 85 of restriction 86 is set the diameter greater than the second axle part 85 for.
The diameter of restriction 86 is set the internal diameter less than valve opening 54 for.Shown in Fig. 7 B, under restriction 86 is inserted into state in the valve opening 54, between internal surface, be formed with a micro-gap as the peripheral surface 86a of the outer surface of restriction 86 and valve opening 54.On the other hand, shown in Fig. 7 A, under the state that restriction 86 shifts out, form flow path between valve opening 54 and the second axle part 85 from valve opening 54, make the refrigeration agent of q.s flow into this flow path thus, this situation with first embodiment is identical.The axial length of restriction 86 is set the maximum moving distance less than bar 81 for.The maximum moving distance that should be noted that bar 81 is that the position of bar 70 determined that this situation with first embodiment is identical when the position of bar 70 and movable core 68 were farthest near fixed core 67 when spaced apart by movable core 68 and fixed core 67.Restriction 86 plays throttling action in flow path, so that suppress the refrigerant flow rate in the flow path.In addition, because the diameter of restriction 86 remains constant length, can be by making restriction 86 be inserted in the valve opening 54 or restriction 86 shifts out from valve opening 54, thus between the inhibition of the flow rate that keeps restriction to provide and this inhibitory action of releasing, switch.
Except beneficial effect (3)-(5) that first embodiment provides, this second embodiment's displacement control valve has following advantage.
(6) when bar 81 along making the direction of valve opening 54 sealings move so that when being inserted into the part of restriction 86 in the valve opening 54, restriction 76 makes the part of section area of flow path reduce at once.Therefore, 86 pairs of restriction in the valve opening 54 provide throttling action through valve opening 54 from the refrigerant flow rate that the first pressure-sensing chamber port 55 flows to valve pocket port 57, are enough to realize the inhibition to refrigerant flow rate thus.Therefore, can in the control area of compressor 10 displacement variation, keep controllability reliably.
(7) thus form this bar 81 because the first axle part 82, the second axle part 85 and restriction 86 are integrally made a unit, thereby therefore making the situation that forms the reciprocal main body that comprises protuberance respectively with them compares, (protuberance has conventional tapered surface in this case), the processing of reciprocal main body of the present invention and manufacturing are easier.
(8) when refrigeration agent is carbon dioxide, the rising difference of refrigerant pressure is compared obviously different with the rising difference of other refrigeration agent.This makes can be by with valve body 83 and valve opening 54 refrigeration agent that the enough flow rates that flow into valve opening 54 are provided spaced apart a little.When bar 81 along making the direction of valve opening 54 sealings move so that when being inserted into the part of restriction 86 or integral body in the valve opening 54, the amount that flows into the refrigeration agent of control pressure chamber 16 from exhaust pressure zone reduces reliably by restriction 86, so reliably the inhibition refrigerant flow rate of valve opening 54 of flowing through.
The following discharge capacity drawing valve of describing the third embodiment of the present invention with reference to Fig. 8.Because the overwhelming majority of the 3rd embodiment's displacement control valve is identical with first embodiment's displacement control valve 50, therefore same or analogous reference character is used for the 3rd embodiment's reference character, so that the 3rd embodiment's description can be with reference to first embodiment's identical or corresponding description.As shown in Figure 8, the 3rd embodiment's displacement control valve 90 has restriction 95, and its restriction 86 with first embodiment's the restriction 76 and second embodiment is different.The 3rd embodiment's restriction 95 have close the first axle part 92 frustoconical first throttle portion 96 and near second restriction 97 of the cylindricality of the second axle part 94.Second restriction 97 has the peripheral surface 97a of the movement direction of parallel bar 91.This restriction 95 has the compound shape that is combined into by the first throttle portion 96 and second restriction 97.
In this embodiment's displacement control valve 90, the flow rate control that is provided by restriction 95 is to be inserted under the state in the valve opening 54 fixedly control by the flow rate that action provided of the peripheral surface 97a of second restriction 97 in second restriction 97 only.The flow rate control that is provided by restriction 95 is to be inserted under the state in the valve opening 54 the movable control that action provided by the tapered surface 96a of first throttle portion 96 in first throttle portion 96.That is to say that the flow rate control that is provided by restriction 95 is to switch according to the first throttle portion 96 and second insertion position of restriction 97 in valve opening 54.The beneficial effect (1) that is provided except first embodiment, (3), (4), this embodiment has beneficial effect (6), (8) that second embodiment provides.
The invention is not restricted to first to the 3rd embodiment, and can carry out various modification within the scope of the invention.For example, above embodiment can carry out following modification.
In arbitrary embodiment, displacement control valve has the pressure sensing mechanism of being operated by circuit upstream on the exhaust side in exhaust pressure zone and the pressure difference between the downstream loop.Yet the present invention can be applicable to have the displacement control valve of the pressure sensing mechanism of being operated by the pressure difference between exhaust pressure zone and the suction-pressure region.In addition, the present invention also can be applicable to have the displacement control valve of the pressure sensing mechanism of being operated by the pressure difference between exhaust pressure zone and the pilot pressure zone.In these cases, preferably,, coolant channel or required chamber are set in displacement control valve according to the layout of pressure sensing mechanism and valve pocket.
In arbitrary embodiment, although externally be provided with flow controller in the refrigerant circuit so that circuit upstream and downstream loop are separated, but flow controller can be arranged on outlet the refrigeration agent of flow controller upstream in exhaust cavity or the outlet is incorporated in the hyperbaric chamber of control valve, the flow controller downstream in perhaps will exporting or externally the refrigeration agent in the exhaust pressure zone in the refrigerant circuit be incorporated in the low-pressure cavity of control valve.
In arbitrary embodiment, although displacement control valve allows the refrigeration agent in the exhaust pressure zone to flow into control pressure chamber or prevents that the refrigeration agent in the exhaust pressure zone from flowing into control pressure chamber, the present invention can be applicable to comprise that at least one makes the refrigeration agent in the exhaust pressure zone flow into the displacement control valve of the passage of control pressure chamber.For example, this displacement control valve can be to comprise that one makes the refrigeration agent in the exhaust pressure zone flow into the three-way valve of the passage of control pressure chamber.
In arbitrary embodiment,, the invention is not restricted to specific refrigeration agent although do not specify the type of refrigeration agent.For example, can preferably use the gas or the carbon dioxide of fluorocarbon base.Refrigeration agent can be gaseous state or liquid state.
Therefore, example of the present invention and embodiment only are illustrative and nonrestrictive, and the invention is not restricted in this given detailed description, and the present invention can carry out modification in the equivalency range of accompanying Claim.
Claims (7)
1. displacement control valve that is used for the loop-coupled clutchless type compressor with variable displacement of external refrigerant, this compressor has control pressure chamber, this compressor and this external refrigerant loop have the exhaust pressure zone, this displacement control valve comprises first port with this exhaust pressure regional connectivity, second port that is communicated with this control pressure chamber, make the coolant channel that this first port is connected with this second port, valve opening in this coolant channel is set, have and be used for by opening valve opening and by contacting the reciprocal main body that this partition wall seals the valve body of this valve opening with the partition wall with the valve opening that passes its formation is spaced apart, move the pressure sensing mechanism of this reciprocal main body along the direction that makes this valve opening open according to the pressure in this exhaust pressure zone, and along making the direction of this valve opening sealing promote the solenoid of this reciprocal main body, it is characterized in that
This reciprocal main body comprises the first axle part with valve body and is coaxial and be inserted into the second axle part in this valve opening with this first axle part, this the first axle part is positioned adjacent to this solenoid, this the second axle part is connected with this pressure sensing mechanism, this the second axle part and this valve opening limit the free-pouring flow path of refrigeration agent, restriction is formed between this first axle part and this second axle part and is coaxial with this first axle part and this second axle part, when this reciprocal main body to-and-fro motion, this restriction is inserted in this valve opening or from this valve opening and shifts out, the diameter of the end of close this second axle part of this restriction is set the diameter greater than the end of close this restriction of this second axle part for, and the flow rate of this refrigeration agent in this flow path suppressed by this restriction.
2. displacement control valve as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this restriction has from the tapered surface of the first axle part towards the second axle part convergent.
3. displacement control valve as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this restriction has the parallel peripheral surface of movement direction with reciprocal main body.
4. displacement control valve as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this first axle part and this second axle part and this restriction form integral with one anotherly.
5. displacement control valve as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the axial length of this restriction is set the maximum moving distance less than reciprocal main body for.
6. displacement control valve as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that this refrigeration agent is a carbon dioxide.
7. displacement control valve as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this refrigeration agent is the gas of fluorocarbon base.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005127236 | 2005-04-26 | ||
| JP2005127236 | 2005-04-26 | ||
| JP2005200315 | 2005-07-08 |
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| CN100564874C true CN100564874C (en) | 2009-12-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2006100748677A Expired - Fee Related CN100564874C (en) | 2005-04-26 | 2006-04-25 | The displacement control valve that is used for the compressor with variable displacement of clutchless type |
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| CN (1) | CN100564874C (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4861956B2 (en) * | 2007-10-24 | 2012-01-25 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | Capacity control valve in variable capacity compressor |
| CN108071824B (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2021-08-10 | 株式会社Tgk | Control valve for variable displacement compressor |
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