CN100564724C - A kind of lightweight permanent blank shell - Google Patents
A kind of lightweight permanent blank shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN100564724C CN100564724C CNB2006101012853A CN200610101285A CN100564724C CN 100564724 C CN100564724 C CN 100564724C CN B2006101012853 A CNB2006101012853 A CN B2006101012853A CN 200610101285 A CN200610101285 A CN 200610101285A CN 100564724 C CN100564724 C CN 100564724C
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- lower casing
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 54
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009416 shuttering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005267 amalgamation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A kind of lightweight permanent blank shell, comprise light carcass (1), light carcass (1) comprises upper casing (2), ambient side shell (3), lower casing (4), upper casing (2), ambient side shell (3), lower casing (4) surrounds enclosed cavity, it is characterized in that also including through-hole pipe (5), through-hole pipe (5) is arranged in the enclosed cavity of light carcass (1), the Cast-in-place concrete cast that has at least one to be formed for through hole by through-hole pipe (5) in the light carcass (1) runs through the last lower casing surface of light carcass (1) with hole (6), upper casing (2), at least one is formed by stacking ambient side shell (3) or lower casing (4) by at least two layers of housing layering, and superimposed interface (11) is arranged between two layers of housing.The hollow building cover, roof system, body of wall, sole plate and the hollow bridges that are applicable to cast-in-situ reinforced concrete or prestressed reinforced concrete are used, and are particularly useful for hollow arch without beam and use.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lightweight permanent blank shell.
(2) background technology
At present, cast-in-situ concrete hollow floor is to use wider floor structural form, and the lightening permanent loose tool of filling in it has various hollow sections and box, and box has hollow or solid.Is that ZL99249798.1, name are called " filling reinforced concrete fiber reinforcement type thin-wall member " utility model patent as the applicant in the patent No. of application on November 29th, 1999, it discloses a kind of thin-wall mould-shell member, comprise upper plate, on every side sidewall, go to the bottom, upper plate, on every side sidewall, going to the bottom surrounds the polyhedron cavity, upper plate, on every side sidewall, going to the bottom contains fabric reinforcement.This shuttering member has characteristics such as intensity height, simple in structure, convenient construction and transport, be applied to superstructure after, the stressed and Force transmission parts of no superstructure in its shuttering member, particularly when the shuttering member size is big, show more obvious, simultaneously, in superstructure during preheating embedding line, need take certain space, thereby increase the thickness of superstructure greatly, make the economic performance of superstructure descend, and, lay inconvenience, therefore, develop a kind of novel lightweight permanent blank shell for being badly in need of.
(3) summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of lightweight permanent blank shell, be applied to Cast-in-place Concrete Building Floor after, have the superstructure of improvement mechanical property, various different preheating embedding lines are laid characteristics such as convenient, simple.
Solution of the present invention is on the basis of existing technology, comprise light carcass, light carcass comprises upper casing, ambient side shell, lower casing, upper casing, ambient side shell, lower casing surround enclosed cavity, it is characterized in that also including through-hole pipe, through-hole pipe is arranged in the enclosed cavity of light carcass, at least one is arranged in the light carcass is that the Cast-in-place concrete that through hole forms is poured into a mould the last lower casing surface of running through light carcass with hole by through-hole pipe, at least one is formed by stacking upper casing, ambient side shell or lower casing by at least two layers of housing layering, between two layers of housing superimposed interface is arranged.Like this, because light-weight permanent tyre carcase also includes through-hole pipe, through-hole pipe is arranged in the enclosed cavity of light carcass, at least one is arranged in the light carcass is that the Cast-in-place concrete that through hole forms is poured into a mould the last lower casing surface of running through light carcass with hole by through-hole pipe, Cast-in-place concrete enters in the hole, after treating setting and harden, Cast-in-place concrete post or pier have been formed, thereby in light-weight permanent tyre carcase, formed the stressed and Force transmission parts of superstructure, improve the mechanical property of superstructure greatly, particularly improved the shearing resistance of superstructure, antitorque mechanical property greatly; Simultaneously and since upper casing, ambient side shell or lower casing at least one be formed by stacking by at least two layers of housing layering, when superimposed interface is arranged between two layers of housing, the wall body intensity height of light-weight permanent tyre carcase, the shock resistance damage capability is strong, and is not fragile, reduced the proportion of goods damageds of light-weight permanent tyre carcase significantly; In addition, light-weight permanent tyre carcase also has characteristics such as simple in structure, easy to manufacture, that cost is low, speed of application is fast, the hollow building cover, roof system, body of wall, sole plate and the hollow bridges that are applicable to cast-in-situ reinforced concrete or prestressed reinforced concrete are used, and are particularly useful for hollow arch without beam and use.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface is by wet pulp layer setting and harden and forming on the premade shells layer.Like this, the premade shells layer has served as the mould template effect, has removed manufacturing of mould from and has installed and dismounting work, has improved the speed of production of light-weight permanent tyre carcase, has reduced cost of production.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface is that prefabricated sclerosis housing gluing is formed by stacking.Like this, when superimposed interface be that prefabricated sclerosis housing gluing is when being formed by stacking, behind the prefabricated sclerosis housing gummed, formed superimposed sheet, had good superimposed active force, made it be difficult for separating cracking, make it not fragile, guaranteed the quality of light-weight permanent tyre carcase effectively.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface is superimposed by the layering of at least two kinds of material wet pulps.Like this, when superimposed interface is superimposed by the layering of at least two kinds of material wet pulps, behind the prefabricated sclerosis housing gummed, formed superimposed sheet, had good superimposed active force, made it be difficult for separating cracking, make it not fragile, guaranteed the quality of light-weight permanent tyre carcase effectively.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface is overlapped into by the rib base layering of the not hard setting and harden of two special uses at least.Like this, when superimposed interface was not overlapped into by the rib base layering of the hard setting and harden of two special uses at least, the production efficiency of light-weight permanent tyre carcase was higher, and cost of production is lower.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface is at least a in plane or coarse plane or the male and female face.Like this, the light-weight permanent tyre carcase superposed surfaces bonding that is built up is solid and reliable, and superimposed interface is difficult for separation failure, has reduced the proportion of goods damageds of light-weight permanent tyre carcase.
Feature of the present invention is that also there are one deck convex tendon or hole at least in described superimposed interface.Like this, behind the mutual riveted setting and harden of adjacent overlapping layers, slip is with the convex tendon bonding or fill hole, has formed whole light-weight permanent tyre carcase wall, its intensity height, and the shock resistance damage capability is strong, has reduced the proportion of goods damageds of light-weight permanent tyre carcase.
Feature of the present invention is that also described at least one layer of overlapping layers has reinforce to pass superimposed interface and stretch into another overlapping layers at least.Like this, when at least one layer of overlapping layers has reinforce to pass superimposed interface to stretch at least another overlapping layers, reinforce with adjacent overlapping layers firmly drawknot become integral body, thereby make light-weight permanent tyre carcase wall intensity height, the shock resistance damage capability is strong, has reduced the proportion of goods damageds of light-weight permanent tyre carcase.
Feature of the present invention is that also described at least one layer of overlapping layers has the position to pass superimposed interface and stretch into another overlapping layers at least.Like this, when at least one layer of overlapping layers has the position to pass superimposed interface to stretch at least another overlapping layers, reinforce with adjacent overlapping layers firmly drawknot become integral body, thereby make light-weight permanent tyre carcase wall intensity height, the shock resistance damage capability is strong, has reduced the proportion of goods damageds of light-weight permanent tyre carcase.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface accompanies reinforce.Like this, after superimposed interface accompanied reinforce, the tyre sidewall intensity of light-weight permanent tyre carcase, rigidity, shock resistance damage capability were all significantly strengthened, and made it pile up, transport, be difficult for being damaged in installation and the work progress, reduce the proportion of goods damageds of light-weight permanent tyre carcase, saved cost.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface is upper casing and ambient side shell, and ambient side shell and lower casing, upper casing or lower casing and through-hole pipe layering are superimposed.Like this, the wall body structure firm and reliable connection that is superimposed with each other and connects makes it piling up, transport, being difficult for being damaged in installation and the work progress, has reduced the proportion of goods damageds of light-weight permanent tyre carcase, has saved cost.
Another solution of the present invention is on the basis of existing technology, comprise light carcass, light carcass comprises upper casing, ambient side shell, lower casing, upper casing, ambient side shell, lower casing surround enclosed cavity, it is characterized in that also including through-hole pipe, through-hole pipe is arranged in the enclosed cavity of light carcass, have at least one to be the Cast-in-place concrete cast that forms of through hole by through-hole pipe in the light carcass and run through the last lower casing surface of light carcass with hole, upper casing or lower casing or side shell or the two or three have at least a shell that one deck soft layer more soft than other housing arranged.Like this, because light-weight permanent tyre carcase also includes through-hole pipe, through-hole pipe is arranged in the enclosed cavity of light carcass, at least one is arranged in the light carcass is that the Cast-in-place concrete that through hole forms is poured into a mould the last lower casing surface of running through light carcass with hole by through-hole pipe, Cast-in-place concrete enters in the hole, after treating setting and harden, Cast-in-place concrete post or pier have been formed, thereby in light-weight permanent tyre carcase, formed the stressed and Force transmission parts of superstructure, improve the mechanical property of superstructure greatly, particularly improved the shearing resistance of superstructure, antitorque mechanical property greatly; Simultaneously, because upper casing or lower casing or side shell or the two or three have at least a shell that one deck soft layer more soft than other housing arranged, on soft layer, bury pipeline underground with hard thing fluting or hole, easy construction, simple, the pipeline of burying underground does not take the space of Cast-in-place concrete rib or Cast-in-place concrete topping, and the thickness of superstructure is increased, and, the light-weight permanent tyre carcase bulk strength of superimposed soft layer has also obtained reinforcement, and its shock resistance, fire prevention, sound insulation, damping performance are better; In addition, light-weight permanent tyre carcase also has characteristics such as simple in structure, easy to manufacture, that cost is low, speed of application is fast, the hollow building cover, roof system, body of wall, sole plate and the hollow bridges that are applicable to cast-in-situ reinforced concrete or prestressed reinforced concrete are used, and are particularly useful for hollow arch without beam and use.
Feature of the present invention is that also described upper casing or lower casing or the two all are soft layer.Like this, when light-weight permanent tyre carcase is applied in the In-situ cast concrete board, can on soft layer, offers the groove of various preheating embedding lines very easily, thereby various pipelines are not taken up room, reduce the thickness of plate, alleviate the deadweight of plate, improve the supporting capacity of plate.
Feature of the present invention is that also described upper casing or lower casing or the two skin are soft layer, and internal layer is a hard layer.Like this, when light-weight permanent tyre carcase is applied in the In-situ cast concrete board, can on soft layer, offer the groove of various preheating embedding lines very easily, thereby various pipelines are not taken up room, reduce the thickness of plate, alleviated the deadweight of plate, improved the supporting capacity of plate, and internal layer is that hard layer makes light-weight permanent tyre carcase have very good strength and stiffness, make it not fragile, guaranteed the pouring quality of In-situ cast concrete board building in the process of concrete.
Feature of the present invention is that also described soft layer is to be put together more than two.Like this,, made things convenient for the production of light-weight permanent tyre carcase when soft layer is when being put together more than two, but the soft layer piecemeal amalgamation on the light-weight permanent tyre carcase particularly at its rotation angle position, can splice with being very neatly arranged, improved the quality of lightening permanent loose tool.
Feature of the present invention also is to have on the described soft layer groove of pipeline.Like this, when light-weight permanent tyre carcase was applied in the In-situ cast concrete board, preheating embedding line can be arranged in the groove of offering on the soft layer, had reduced the shared space of pipeline, had reduced the thickness and the quality of In-situ cast concrete board, had improved the supporting capacity of In-situ cast concrete board.
Feature of the present invention also is to have between the described soft layer block reinforcing rib of hard.Like this, when between the soft layer block reinforcing rib of hard being arranged, reinforcing rib has increased substantially the strength and stiffness of light-weight permanent tyre carcase wall, make its carrying, pile up and the installation application process in be difficult for being damaged, reduce the proportion of goods damageds of lightening permanent loose tool, saved cost.
Feature of the present invention also is described prefabricated soft layer piece and prefabricated hard layer gluing together.Like this, when prefabricated soft layer piece and prefabricated hard layer gluing together time the, light-weight permanent tyre carcase good integrity, simultaneously, the local shock resistance damage capability of its wall body is strong, can reduce the proportion of goods damageds of light-weight permanent tyre carcase, saves cost.
Feature of the present invention is that also described prefabricated soft layer piece and wet base hardened layer are superimposed.Like this, prefabricated soft layer piece has served as the mould template effect, has removed manufacturing of mould from and has installed and dismounting work, has improved the speed of production of light-weight permanent tyre carcase, has reduced cost of production.
Feature of the present invention is also that the described light soft layer that looses is suppressed with the hard layer material base that does not condense and forms.Like this, suppress to form with the hard layer material base that does not condense when the light soft layer that looses, the adhesion between soft layer and the hard layer is strong, and both have formed inseparable integral body, have increased substantially the overall performance of light-weight permanent tyre carcase, make it not fragile.
Another solution of the present invention is on the basis of existing technology, comprise light carcass, light carcass comprises upper casing, ambient side shell, lower casing, upper casing, ambient side shell, lower casing surround enclosed cavity, it is characterized in that also including through-hole pipe, through-hole pipe is arranged in the enclosed cavity of light carcass, at least one is arranged in the light carcass is that the Cast-in-place concrete that through hole forms is poured into a mould the last lower casing surface of running through light carcass with hole by through-hole pipe, through-hole pipe is formed by at least two stacked closing, and between layer and the layer superimposed interface is arranged.Like this, because light-weight permanent tyre carcase also includes through-hole pipe, through-hole pipe is arranged in the enclosed cavity of light carcass, at least one is arranged in the light carcass is that the Cast-in-place concrete that through hole forms is poured into a mould the last lower casing surface of running through light carcass with hole by through-hole pipe, Cast-in-place concrete enters in the hole, after treating setting and harden, Cast-in-place concrete post or pier have been formed, thereby in light-weight permanent tyre carcase, formed the stressed and Force transmission parts of superstructure, improve the mechanical property of superstructure greatly, particularly improved the shearing resistance of superstructure, antitorque mechanical property greatly; Simultaneously, because through-hole pipe is formed by at least two stacked closing, between layer and the layer superimposed interface is arranged, thereby superimposed layer by layer through-hole pipe intensity height, rigidity is big, frangibility not, and described light-weight permanent tyre carcase is applied in the In-situ cast concrete board, in building the process of concrete, through-hole pipe can not opened by squeeze crack, has guaranteed the pouring quality of In-situ cast concrete board; In addition, light-weight permanent tyre carcase also has characteristics such as simple in structure, easy to manufacture, that cost is low, speed of application is fast, the hollow building cover, roof system, body of wall, sole plate and the hollow bridges that are applicable to cast-in-situ reinforced concrete or prestressed reinforced concrete are used, and are particularly useful for hollow arch without beam and use.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface is by wet pulp layer setting and harden and forming on the premade shells layer.Like this, the premade shells layer has served as the mould template effect, has removed manufacturing of mould from and has installed and dismounting work, has improved the speed of production of light-weight permanent tyre carcase, has reduced cost of production.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface is that prefabricated sclerosis housing gluing is formed by stacking.Like this,, behind the prefabricated sclerosis housing gummed, formed superimposed sheet, had good superimposed active force, made it be difficult for separating cracking when superimposed interface is prefabricated sclerosis housing gluing when being formed by stacking, not fragile, guaranteed the quality of light-weight permanent tyre carcase effectively.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface is superimposed by the material wet pulp layering of two-layer at least different cultivars.Like this, when superimposed interface is superimposed by the material wet pulp layering of two-layer at least different cultivars, behind the prefabricated sclerosis housing gummed, formed superimposed sheet, had good superimposed active force, made it be difficult for separating cracking, make it not fragile, guaranteed the quality of light-weight permanent tyre carcase effectively.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface is formed by different stacked the closing of double-layer separate at least of unit mass.Like this, when close when forming by the different double-layer separate at least of unit mass is stacked at superimposed interface, behind the prefabricated sclerosis housing gummed, formed superimposed sheet, had good superimposed active force, made it be difficult for separating cracking, make it not fragile, guaranteed the quality of light-weight permanent tyre carcase effectively.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface is by different two-layer at least being formed by stacking of soft or hard.Like this, when light-weight permanent tyre carcase is applied in the In-situ cast concrete board, can on soft layer, offer the groove of various preheating embedding lines very easily, thereby various pipelines are not taken up room, reduce the thickness of plate, alleviated the deadweight of plate, improved the supporting capacity of plate, and internal layer is that hard layer makes light-weight permanent tyre carcase have very good strength and stiffness, make it not fragile in the process of building of concrete, guaranteed the pouring quality of In-situ cast concrete board.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface is overlapped into by the rib base layering of the not hard setting and harden of two special uses at least.Like this, when superimposed interface was not overlapped into by the rib base layering of the hard setting and harden of two special uses at least, the production efficiency of light-weight permanent tyre carcase was higher, and cost of production is lower.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface is at least a in plane or coarse plane or the male and female face.Like this, the light-weight permanent tyre carcase superposed surfaces bonding that is built up is solid and reliable, and superimposed interface is difficult for separation failure, has reduced the proportion of goods damageds of light-weight permanent tyre carcase.
Feature of the present invention is that also there are one deck convex tendon or hole at least in described superimposed interface.Like this, behind the mutual riveted setting and harden of adjacent overlapping layers, slip is with the convex tendon bonding or fill hole, has formed whole light-weight permanent tyre carcase wall, its intensity height, and the shock resistance damage capability is strong, has reduced the proportion of goods damageds of light-weight permanent tyre carcase.
Feature of the present invention is that also described at least one layer of overlapping layers has reinforce to pass superimposed interface and stretch into another overlapping layers at least.Like this, when at least one layer of overlapping layers has reinforce to pass superimposed interface to stretch at least another overlapping layers, reinforce with adjacent overlapping layers firmly drawknot become integral body, thereby make light-weight permanent tyre carcase wall intensity height, the shock resistance damage capability is strong, has reduced the proportion of goods damageds of light-weight permanent tyre carcase.
Feature of the present invention is that also described at least one layer of overlapping layers has the position to pass superimposed interface and stretch into another overlapping layers at least.Like this, when at least one layer of overlapping layers has the position to pass superimposed interface to stretch at least another overlapping layers, reinforce with adjacent overlapping layers firmly drawknot become integral body, thereby make light-weight permanent tyre carcase wall intensity height, the shock resistance damage capability is strong, has reduced the proportion of goods damageds of light-weight permanent tyre carcase.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface accompanies reinforce.Like this, after superimposed interface accompanied reinforce, the tyre sidewall intensity of light-weight permanent tyre carcase, rigidity, shock resistance damage capability were all significantly strengthened, and made it pile up, transport, be difficult for being damaged in installation and the work progress, reduce the proportion of goods damageds of light-weight permanent tyre carcase, saved cost.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface is upper casing and ambient side shell, and ambient side shell and lower casing, upper casing or lower casing and through-hole pipe layering are superimposed.Like this, the wall body structure firm and reliable connection that is superimposed with each other and connects makes it piling up, transport, being difficult for being damaged in installation and the work progress, has reduced the proportion of goods damageds of light-weight permanent tyre carcase, has saved cost.
Another solution of the present invention is on the basis of existing technology, comprise light carcass, light carcass comprises upper casing, ambient side shell, lower casing, upper casing, ambient side shell, lower casing surround enclosed cavity, it is characterized in that also including through-hole pipe, through-hole pipe is arranged in the enclosed cavity of light carcass, at least one is arranged in the light carcass is that the Cast-in-place concrete that through hole forms is poured into a mould the last lower casing surface of running through light carcass with hole by through-hole pipe, has fixed with it all-in-one-piece to protrude the reinforcing rib on surface on the shell wall of upper casing, lower casing, ambient side shell or the wall.Like this, because light-weight permanent tyre carcase also includes through-hole pipe, through-hole pipe is arranged in the enclosed cavity of light carcass, at least one is arranged in the light carcass is that the Cast-in-place concrete that through hole forms is poured into a mould the last lower casing surface of running through light carcass with hole by through-hole pipe, Cast-in-place concrete enters in the hole, after treating setting and harden, Cast-in-place concrete post or pier have been formed, thereby in light-weight permanent tyre carcase, formed the stressed and Force transmission parts of superstructure, improve the mechanical property of superstructure greatly, particularly improved the shearing resistance of superstructure, antitorque mechanical property greatly; Simultaneously, because when having fixed with it all-in-one-piece to protrude the reinforcing rib on surface on the shell wall of upper casing, lower casing, ambient side shell or the wall, the strength and stiffness of shell wall and shock resistance damage capability have all obtained significantly improving, make it not fragile, reduce the proportion of goods damageds of light-weight permanent tyre carcase, saved cost; In addition, light-weight permanent tyre carcase also has characteristics such as simple in structure, easy to manufacture, that cost is low, speed of application is fast, the hollow building cover, roof system, body of wall, sole plate and the hollow bridges that are applicable to cast-in-situ reinforced concrete or prestressed reinforced concrete are used, and are particularly useful for hollow arch without beam and use.
Feature of the present invention is that also described protrusion reinforcing rib is on glued shell wall of prefabricated reinforcing rib or the tube wall.Like this, when described protrusion reinforcing rib is on glued shell wall of prefabricated reinforcing rib or the tube wall time, position, quantity and direction are set all can freely be provided with of reinforcing rib is very easy to production, can increase substantially production efficiency, reduces production costs.
Feature of the present invention is that also the reinforcing rib two ends of described upper casing or lower casing or the two protrusion are overlapped on through-hole pipe and the side shell wall.Like this, when the reinforcing rib two ends of upper casing or lower casing or the two protrusion are overlapped on through-hole pipe and the side shell wall, by the overlap joint connection of reinforcing rib, increased substantially its two bonding strength, make light-weight permanent tyre carcase the transportation, pile up and work progress in, not fragile, guaranteed quality.
Feature of the present invention is that also the reinforcing rib two ends of described upper casing or lower casing or the two protrusion are overlapped on through-hole pipe and the side shell wall.Like this, when the reinforcing rib two ends of upper casing or lower casing or the two protrusion are overlapped on through-hole pipe and the side shell wall, by the overlap joint connection of reinforcing rib, increased substantially its two bonding strength, make light-weight permanent tyre carcase the transportation, pile up and work progress in, not fragile, guaranteed quality.
Feature of the present invention is that also at least one end of reinforcing rib of described upper casing or lower casing or the two protrusion is overlapped on the protrusion reinforcing rib of through-hole pipe or side shell.Like this, reinforcing rib has been connected to each other to integral body after overlapping mutually, reinforcing rib has formed the support load-bearing frame, and shell wall has been formed firm support, has improved resistance to compression, the shock resistance damage capability of light-weight permanent tyre carcase, make it not fragile, reduced the proportion of goods damageds of light-weight permanent tyre carcase.
Feature of the present invention also is to have in the described cavity reinforcing rib of at least one at least one end of rod member and protrusion to intersect.Like this, there is the reinforcing rib of at least one at least one end of rod member and protrusion to intersect in the cavity, be connected to each other to integral body, reinforcing rib has formed the support load-bearing frame, shell wall has been formed firm support, improve resistance to compression, the shock resistance damage capability of light-weight permanent tyre carcase, made it not fragile, reduced the proportion of goods damageds of light-weight permanent tyre carcase.
Feature of the present invention is that also the reinforcing rib of described at least one rod member two ends and protrusion intersects.Like this, the reinforcing rib of at least one rod member two ends and protrusion intersects, be connected to each other to integral body, reinforcing rib has formed the support load-bearing frame, shell wall has been formed firm support, improve resistance to compression, the shock resistance damage capability of light-weight permanent tyre carcase, made it not fragile, reduced the proportion of goods damageds of light-weight permanent tyre carcase.
Feature of the present invention is that also at least one end of described at least one rod member is supported on the protrusion reinforcing rib position of upper casing or lower casing.Like this, at least one end of described at least one rod member is supported on the protrusion reinforcing rib position of upper casing or lower casing, be connected to each other to integral body, reinforcing rib has formed the support load-bearing frame, shell wall has been formed firm support, improve resistance to compression, the shock resistance damage capability of light-weight permanent tyre carcase, made it not fragile, reduced the proportion of goods damageds of light-weight permanent tyre carcase.
Feature of the present invention is that also rod member is prefabricated rod member or cast-in-place rod member in the described cavity.Like this, when rod member in the cavity is prefabricated rod member or cast-in-place rod member,, can select preform rod spare or cast-in-place rod member for use, make things convenient for and manufactured according to the needs of different actual conditions.
Feature of the present invention is that also rod member has strength bar or strengthens shell in the described cavity.Like this, the intensity of rod member has obtained increasing substantially, and makes its enabling capabilities stronger, is difficult for splitting off or ftractureing.
Feature of the present invention also is in the reinforcing rib of described protrusion reinforce is arranged.Like this, the intensity of rod member has obtained increasing substantially, and makes its enabling capabilities stronger, is difficult for splitting off or ftractureing.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 2.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 3.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 4.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 5.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 6.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 7.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 8.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 9.
Figure 10 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 10.
Figure 11 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 11.
Figure 12 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 12.
Figure 13 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 13.
Figure 14 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 14.
Figure 15 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 15.
Figure 16 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 16.
Figure 17 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 17.
Figure 18 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 18.
Figure 19 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 19.
Figure 20 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 20.
Figure 21 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 21.
Figure 22 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 22.
Figure 23 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 23.
Figure 24 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 24.
Figure 25 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 25.
Figure 26 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 26.
Figure 27 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 27.
Figure 28 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 28.
(5) specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.The present invention as shown in drawings, comprise light carcass 1, light carcass 1 comprises upper casing 2, ambient side shell 3, lower casing 4, upper casing 2, ambient side shell 3, lower casing 4 surround enclosed cavity, it is characterized in that also including through-hole pipe 5, through-hole pipe 5 is arranged in the enclosed cavity of light carcass 1, the Cast-in-place concrete cast that has at least one to be formed for through hole by through-hole pipe 5 in the light carcass 1 runs through the last lower casing surface of light carcass 1 with hole 6, at least one is formed by stacking upper casing 2, ambient side shell 3 or lower casing 4 by at least two layers of housing layering, and superimposed interface 11 is arranged between two layers of housing.As shown in Figure 8, light-weight permanent tyre carcase comprises light carcass 1, light carcass 1 comprises upper casing 2, ambient side shell 3, lower casing 4, upper casing 2, ambient side shell 3, lower casing 4 surround enclosed cavity, it also includes through-hole pipe 5, and through-hole pipe 5 is arranged in the enclosed cavity of light carcass 1, is provided with through-hole pipe 5 in the light carcass 1 and pours into a mould the last lower casing surface of running through light carcass 1 with hole 6 for the Cast-in-place concrete that through hole forms, upper casing 2 is that two layers of housing layering are formed by stacking, and superimposed interface 11 is arranged between two layers of housing.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface 11 is by wet pulp layer 12 setting and harden and forming on premade shells layer 13.As shown in Figure 9, its described superimposed interface 11 is by wet pulp layer 12 setting and harden and forming on premade shells layer 13.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface 11 is formed by stacking for prefabricated sclerosis housing 14 gluings.As shown in Figure 8, its described superimposed interface 11 is formed by stacking for prefabricated sclerosis housing 14 gluings.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface 11 is superimposed by the layering of at least two kinds of material wet pulps.As shown in figure 10, its described superimposed interface 11 is superimposed by the layering of two kinds of material wet pulps.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface 11 is overlapped into by the rib base layering of the not hard setting and harden of two special uses at least.As shown in figure 10, its described superimposed interface 11 is overlapped into by the rib base layering of the not hard setting and harden of two special uses.
Feature of the present invention also is at least a in plane or coarse plane or the male and female face of described superimposed interface 11.As shown in figure 11, its described superimposed interface 11 is a male and female face.
Feature of the present invention is that also there are one deck convex tendon or hole at least in described superimposed interface 11.As shown in figure 12, there is one deck convex tendon 16 at its described superimposed interface 11.As shown in figure 13, there is one deck hole 17 at its described superimposed interface 11.
Feature of the present invention is that also described at least one layer of overlapping layers has reinforce 15 to pass superimposed interface 11 and stretch into another overlapping layers at least.As shown in figure 14, its described one deck overlapping layers has reinforce 15 to pass superimposed interface 11 to stretch into another overlapping layers.
Feature of the present invention is that also described at least one layer of overlapping layers has the position to pass superimposed interface 11 and stretch into another overlapping layers at least.As shown in figure 12, its described one deck overlapping layers has the position to pass superimposed interface 11 to stretch into another overlapping layers.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface 11 accompanies reinforce 15.As shown in figure 15, its described superimposed interface 11 accompanies reinforce 15.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface 11 is upper casing 2 and ambient side shell 3, and ambient side shell 3 is superimposed with through-hole pipe 5 layerings with lower casing 4, upper casing 2 or lower casing 4.As shown in figure 16, its described superimposed interface 11 is upper casing 2 and ambient side shell 3, ambient side shell 3 and lower casing 4, and lower casing 4 is superimposed with through-hole pipe 5 layerings.
The present invention as shown in drawings, comprise light carcass 1, light carcass 1 comprises upper casing 2, ambient side shell 3, lower casing 4, upper casing 2, ambient side shell 3, lower casing 4 surround enclosed cavity, it is characterized in that also including through-hole pipe 5, through-hole pipe 5 is arranged in the enclosed cavity of light carcass 1, have at least one Cast-in-place concrete cast that is formed for through hole by through-hole pipe 5 to run through the last lower casing surface of light carcass 1 with hole 6 in the light carcass 1, upper casing 2 or lower casing 4 or side shell 3 or the two or three have at least a shell that one deck soft layer 7 more soft than other housing arranged.In each accompanying drawing, 1 is light carcass, and 2 is upper casing, and 3 is the ambient side shell, and 4 is lower casing, and 5 is through-hole pipe, and 6 is hole, and 7 is soft layer, below in each accompanying drawing, number identically, its explanation is identical.As shown in Figure 1, light-weight permanent tyre carcase comprises light carcass 1, light carcass 1 comprises upper casing 2, ambient side shell 3, lower casing 4, upper casing 2, ambient side shell 3, lower casing 4 surround enclosed cavity, it includes through-hole pipe 5, through-hole pipe 5 is arranged in the enclosed cavity of light carcass 1, is provided with through-hole pipe 5 in the light carcass 1 and pours into a mould the last lower casing surface of running through light carcass 1 with hole 6 for the Cast-in-place concrete that through hole forms, and the shell of upper casing 2 and lower casing 4 has one deck soft layer 7 more soft than other housing.
Feature of the present invention is that also described upper casing 2 or lower casing 4 or the two all are soft layer 7.As shown in Figure 2, its described lower casing 4 is a soft layer 7.
Feature of the present invention is that also described upper casing 2 or lower casing 4 or the two skin are soft layer 7, and internal layer is a hard layer 8.As shown in Figure 3, the skin of its described upper casing 2 is a soft layer 7, and internal layer is a hard layer 8.
Feature of the present invention is that also described soft layer 7 is to be put together more than two.As shown in Figure 4, its described soft layer 7 is two and is put together.
Feature of the present invention also is to have on the described soft layer 7 groove 9 of pipeline.As shown in Figure 5, have the groove 9 of laying pipeline on its described soft layer 7.
Feature of the present invention also is to have between described soft layer 7 blocks reinforcing rib 10 of hard.The reinforcing rib 10 that hard is arranged between its described soft layer 7 blocks as shown in Figure 6.
Feature of the present invention also is described prefabricated soft layer piece and 8 gluings of prefabricated hard layer together.As shown in Figure 6, its described prefabricated soft layer piece and 8 gluings of prefabricated hard layer are together.
Feature of the present invention is that also described prefabricated soft layer piece and wet base hardened layer 8 are superimposed.As shown in Figure 7, its described prefabricated soft layer piece and wet base hardened layer 8 are superimposed.
Feature of the present invention is also that the described light soft layer 7 that looses is suppressed with hard layer 8 material bases that do not condense and forms.As shown in Figure 7, its described light soft layer 7 that looses is suppressed with hard layer 8 material bases that do not condense and is formed.
The present invention as shown in drawings, comprise light carcass 1, light carcass 1 comprises upper casing 2, ambient side shell 3, lower casing 4, upper casing 2, ambient side shell 3, lower casing 4 surround enclosed cavity, it is characterized in that also including through-hole pipe 5, through-hole pipe 5 is arranged in the enclosed cavity of light carcass 1, the Cast-in-place concrete cast that has at least one to be formed for through hole by through-hole pipe 5 in the light carcass 1 runs through the last lower casing surface of light carcass 1 with hole 6, through-hole pipe 5 is formed by at least two stacked closing, and between layer and the layer superimposed interface 11 is arranged.As shown in figure 17, its light-weight permanent tyre carcase comprises light carcass 1, light carcass 1 comprises upper casing 2, ambient side shell 3, lower casing 4, upper casing 2, ambient side shell 3, lower casing 4 surround enclosed cavity, it also includes through-hole pipe 5, and through-hole pipe 5 is arranged in the enclosed cavity of light carcass 1, and the Cast-in-place concrete cast that has through-hole pipe 5 to form for through hole in the light carcass 1 runs through the last lower casing surface of light carcass 1 with hole 6, through-hole pipe 5 is formed by two stacked closing, and between layer and the layer superimposed interface 11 is arranged.
Feature of the present invention is that also 11 on described superimposed boundary is by wet pulp layer 12 setting and harden and forming on premade shells layer 13.As shown in figure 18, its described superimposed interface 11 is by wet pulp layer 12 setting and harden and forming on premade shells layer 13.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface 11 is formed by stacking for prefabricated sclerosis housing 14 gluings.As shown in figure 17, its described superimposed interface 11 is formed by stacking for prefabricated sclerosis housing 14 gluings.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface 11 is superimposed by the material wet pulp layering of two-layer at least different cultivars.As shown in figure 19, its described superimposed interface 11 is superimposed by the material wet pulp layering of three layers of different cultivars.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface 11 is formed by different stacked the closing of double-layer separate at least of unit mass.As shown in figure 20, its described superimposed interface 11 is formed by stacked the closing of the different double-layer separate of unit mass.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface 11 is by different two-layer at least being formed by stacking of soft or hard.As shown in figure 20, its described superimposed interface 11 is by different two-layer being formed by stacking of soft or hard.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface 11 is overlapped into by the rib base layering of the not hard setting and harden of two special uses at least.As shown in figure 20, its described superimposed interface 11 is overlapped into by the rib base layering of the not hard setting and harden of two special uses.
Feature of the present invention also is at least a in plane or coarse plane or the male and female face of described superimposed interface 11.As shown in figure 20, its described superimposed interface 11 is a shiny surface.
Feature of the present invention is that also there are one deck convex tendon 16 or hole 17 at least in described superimposed interface 11.As shown in figure 21, there is one deck convex tendon 16 at its described superimposed interface 11.As shown in figure 22, there is one deck hole 17 at its described superimposed interface 11.
Feature of the present invention is that also described at least one layer of overlapping layers has reinforce 15 to pass superimposed interface 11 and stretch into another overlapping layers at least.As shown in figure 23, its described one deck overlapping layers has reinforce 15 to pass superimposed interface 11 to stretch into another overlapping layers.
Feature of the present invention is that also described at least one layer of overlapping layers has the position to pass superimposed interface 11 and stretch into another overlapping layers at least.As shown in figure 21, its described one deck overlapping layers has the position to pass superimposed interface 11 to stretch into another overlapping layers.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface 11 accompanies reinforce 15.As shown in figure 20, its described superimposed interface 11 accompanies reinforce 15.
Feature of the present invention is that also described superimposed interface 11 is upper casing 2 and ambient side shell 3, and ambient side shell 3 is superimposed with through-hole pipe 5 layerings with lower casing 4, upper casing 2 or lower casing 4.As shown in figure 16, its described superimposed interface 11 is upper casing 2 and ambient side shell 3, ambient side shell 3 and lower casing 4, and lower casing 4 is superimposed with through-hole pipe 5 layerings.
The present invention as shown in drawings, comprise light carcass 1, light carcass 1 comprises upper casing 2, ambient side shell 3, lower casing 4, upper casing 2, ambient side shell 3, lower casing 4 surround enclosed cavity, it is characterized in that also including through-hole pipe 5, through-hole pipe 5 is arranged in the enclosed cavity of light carcass 1, there is at least one to pour into a mould the last lower casing surface of running through light carcass 1 with hole 6 for the Cast-in-place concrete that through hole forms in the light carcass 1, has fixed with it all-in-one-piece to protrude the reinforcing rib 10 on surface on the shell wall of upper casing 2, lower casing 4, ambient side shell 3 or the tube wall by through-hole pipe 5.As shown in figure 24, light-weight permanent tyre carcase comprises light carcass 1, light carcass 1 comprises upper casing 2, ambient side shell 3, lower casing 4, upper casing 2, ambient side shell 3, lower casing 4 surround enclosed cavity, it also includes through-hole pipe 5, through-hole pipe 5 is arranged in the enclosed cavity of light carcass 1, has through-hole pipe 5 to pour into a mould the last lower casing surface of running through light carcass 1 with hole 6 for the Cast-in-place concrete that through hole forms in the light carcass 1, has fixed with it all-in-one-piece to protrude the reinforcing rib 10 on surface on the shell wall of upper casing 2.
Feature of the present invention is that also described protrusion reinforcing rib 10 is on glued shell wall of prefabricated reinforcing rib or the tube wall.As shown in figure 25, its described protrusion reinforcing rib 10 is on the glued shell wall of prefabricated reinforcing rib.
Feature of the present invention is that also reinforcing rib 10 two ends of described upper casing 2 or lower casing 4 or the two protrusion are overlapped on through-hole pipe 5 and the side shell wall.As shown in figure 26, reinforcing rib 10 two ends of its described upper casing 2 and lower casing 4 protrusions are overlapped on through-hole pipe 5 and the side shell wall.
Feature of the present invention is that also reinforcing rib 10 two ends of described upper casing 2 or lower casing 4 or the two protrusion are overlapped on through-hole pipe 5 and the side shell wall.As shown in figure 26, reinforcing rib 10 two ends of its described upper casing 2 and lower casing 4 protrusions are overlapped on through-hole pipe 5 and the side shell wall.
Feature of the present invention is that also reinforcing rib 10 at least one ends of described upper casing 2 or lower casing 4 or the two protrusion are overlapped on the protrusion reinforcing rib 10 of through-hole pipe 5 or side shell.As shown in figure 26, reinforcing rib 10 two ends of its described upper casing 2 and lower casing 4 protrusions are overlapped on respectively on the protrusion reinforcing rib 10 of through-hole pipe 5 and side shell.
Feature of the present invention also is to have in the described cavity reinforcing rib 10 of at least one rod member 17 at least one ends and protrusion to intersect.As shown in figure 27, there is the reinforcing rib 10 of rod member 17 two ends and protrusion to intersect in its described cavity.
Feature of the present invention is that also the reinforcing rib 10 of described at least one rod member 17 two ends and protrusion intersects.As shown in figure 27, the reinforcing rib 10 of its described rod member 17 two ends and protrusion intersects.
Feature of the present invention is that also at least one end of described at least one rod member 17 is supported on protrusion reinforcing rib 10 positions of upper casing or lower casing.As shown in figure 27, the two end supports of its described rod member 17 is at protrusion reinforcing rib 10 positions of upper casing and lower casing.
Feature of the present invention is that also rod member 17 is prefabricated rod member or cast-in-place rod member in the described cavity.As shown in figure 27, rod member 17 is prefabricated rod member in its described cavity.
Feature of the present invention is that also rod member 17 has strength bar or strengthens shell in the described cavity.As shown in figure 28, rod member 17 has strength bar 15 in its described cavity.
Feature of the present invention also is in the reinforcing rib 10 of described protrusion reinforce 15 is arranged.As shown in figure 28, in the reinforcing rib 10 of its described protrusion reinforce 15 is arranged.
During the invention process, can make light-weight permanent tyre carcase with cement bonded sand pulp fibres grid cloth earlier, adopt light material such as expanded perlite then, superimposedly on light-weight permanent tyre carcase, get final product as soft layer.
Claims (11)
1, a kind of lightweight permanent blank shell, comprise light carcass (1), light carcass (1) comprises upper casing (2), ambient side shell (3), lower casing (4), upper casing (2), ambient side shell (3), lower casing (4) surrounds enclosed cavity, it is characterized in that also including through-hole pipe (5), through-hole pipe (5) is arranged in the enclosed cavity of light carcass (1), the Cast-in-place concrete cast that has at least one to be formed by the through hole of through-hole pipe (5) in the light carcass (1) runs through the last lower casing surface of light carcass (1) with hole (6), upper casing (2), at least one is formed by stacking ambient side shell (3) or lower casing (4) by at least two layers of housing layering, and superimposed interface (11) is arranged between two layers of housing.
2, a kind of lightweight permanent blank shell according to claim 1 is characterized in that described superimposed interface (11) gone up setting and harden and form at premade shells layer (13) by wet pulp layer (12).
3, a kind of lightweight permanent blank shell according to claim 1 is characterized in that described superimposed interface (11) is formed by stacking for prefabricated sclerosis housing (14) gluing.
4, a kind of lightweight permanent blank shell according to claim 1 is characterized in that described superimposed interface (11) is superimposed by the layering of at least two kinds of material wet pulps.
5,, it is characterized in that described superimposed interface (11) is overlapped into by the rib base layering of the not hard setting and harden of two special uses at least according to the described a kind of lightweight permanent blank shell of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 4.
6,, it is characterized in that at least a in plane or coarse plane or the male and female face of described superimposed interface (11) according to the described a kind of lightweight permanent blank shell of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 4.
7,, it is characterized in that there are one deck convex tendon or hole at least in described superimposed interface (11) according to the described a kind of lightweight permanent blank shell of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 4.
8,, it is characterized in that described at least one layer of overlapping layers has reinforce (15) to pass superimposed interface (11) and stretch into another overlapping layers at least according to the described a kind of lightweight permanent blank shell of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 4.
9, a kind of lightweight permanent blank shell according to claim 8 is characterized in that described at least one layer of overlapping layers has the position to pass superimposed interface (11) and stretch into another overlapping layers at least.
10, a kind of lightweight permanent blank shell according to claim 8 is characterized in that described superimposed interface (11) accompanies reinforce (15).
11, according to the described a kind of lightweight permanent blank shell of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that described superimposed interface (11) is upper casing (2) and ambient side shell (3), ambient side shell (3) is superimposed with lower casing (4), upper casing (2) or lower casing (4) and through-hole pipe (5) layering.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006101012853A CN100564724C (en) | 2005-07-12 | 2006-07-11 | A kind of lightweight permanent blank shell |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200510083442 | 2005-07-12 | ||
| CN200510083442.8 | 2005-07-12 | ||
| CNB2006101012853A CN100564724C (en) | 2005-07-12 | 2006-07-11 | A kind of lightweight permanent blank shell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1974978A CN1974978A (en) | 2007-06-06 |
| CN100564724C true CN100564724C (en) | 2009-12-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006101012853A Expired - Fee Related CN100564724C (en) | 2005-07-12 | 2006-07-11 | A kind of lightweight permanent blank shell |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN100564724C (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4123882A (en) * | 1977-02-11 | 1978-11-07 | Case James E | Method of and apparatus for erectign concrete wall panels |
| CN1528994A (en) * | 2003-10-01 | 2004-09-15 | 邱则有 | Shuttering member |
| CN1528995A (en) * | 2003-10-01 | 2004-09-15 | 邱则有 | Shuttering member |
-
2006
- 2006-07-11 CN CNB2006101012853A patent/CN100564724C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4123882A (en) * | 1977-02-11 | 1978-11-07 | Case James E | Method of and apparatus for erectign concrete wall panels |
| CN1528994A (en) * | 2003-10-01 | 2004-09-15 | 邱则有 | Shuttering member |
| CN1528995A (en) * | 2003-10-01 | 2004-09-15 | 邱则有 | Shuttering member |
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|---|---|
| CN1974978A (en) | 2007-06-06 |
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