CN100562659C - Non-dam hydraulic power generating system - Google Patents

Abstract

A dam-free hydropower generation system, which belongs to a power generation system, solves the problems that the hydraulic power of rivers and lakes that are not suitable for damming and installing generators cannot be used at present, and the problems of large investment and long construction period for damming rivers and dams for power generation. Or a water turbine that can be impacted and rotated by the water flow is installed on the waterfall, and the rotating shaft of the water turbine is flexibly connected with the rotating shaft of the generator through a mechanical transmission method, or directly on the upstream end of the river or waterfall with a drop and extends along its flow direction to its downstream end. Drainage device (airtight drainage groove or drainage pipe), the hydro-generator integrating the turbine and the generator is set at the water outlet of the drainage device, and according to needs, multiple parallel installations along the width and length of the river A water turbine, or a drainage device composed of multiple drainage pipes, forms a generator set in the form of an array, so as to increase the output power of the generator and use energy more efficiently. It is applicable to various flowing rivers with drop.

Description

Damless hydropower generation system

technical field

The invention belongs to a power generation system, in particular to a dam-free water power generation system suitable for generating power by utilizing natural water flow.

Background technique

In the process of the rapid development of our country's economy, the energy problem has become an important issue whether our country's economy can maintain sustainable development. Therefore, the development and utilization of multiple energy sources is becoming more and more important now that fuel energy is increasingly scarce.

Among the tens of thousands of kilometers of rivers and lakes in our country, the length that can block rivers and dams to install hydroelectric generators to generate electricity is less than 1% of the total length of rivers and lakes, which means that more than 99% of rivers and lakes cannot Realize building dams and installing generators to generate electricity.

Moreover, the traditional damming of rivers and hydropower generation not only requires large investment and long construction period, but also causes certain ecological damage. More importantly, it wastes most of the water conservancy resources that cannot be dammed to generate electricity, causing human beings to use energy excessively. Excessive reliance on mineral energy, such as oil and coal, not only brings pressure on human beings to exhaust resources, but more importantly, destroys the environment in which human beings can survive.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems that the hydraulic power of rivers and lakes that are currently unsuitable for damming and installing generators cannot be used, and that damming of rivers and dams requires large investment, long cycle, and affects ecology. Water flow power generation, a dam-free hydropower generation system with low investment, short cycle, and little impact on the ecology.

In order to realize the purpose of the present invention, a water turbine that can be impacted and rotated by the water flow is set on the river or waterfall, and the rotating shaft of the water turbine is movably connected with the rotating shaft of the generator through a mechanical transmission mode (such as a belt pulley, a gear, an angular gear, etc.), or A drainage device (closed drainage groove or drainage pipe) is directly installed at the upstream end of a river or waterfall with a drop and extends along its flow direction to its downstream end, and the hydroelectric generator integrated with the turbine and generator is installed at the outlet of the drainage device. At the water outlet, the kinetic energy of the impact of the water flow and the rotation of the turbine is transmitted to the generator, which converts the kinetic energy into electrical energy for use by electrical equipment, achieving the purpose of generating electricity without building a dam.

The specific technical scheme is as follows:

A dam-free hydropower generation system, including a water turbine and a generator rotationally connected thereto, or a water turbine generator integrated with a water turbine and a generator, and the water turbine or water turbine generator is installed in a river or along a river Or the waterfall flows to the water outlet of the drainage device opened. This includes several technical solutions in line with the overall concept of the above invention, that is, the water turbine is arranged in the river, the generator is arranged on the river bank or on a floating boat on the river, the water turbine is driven by the impact of the water flow, and the water turbine drives the generator to output electric energy; or directly The hydro-generator integrating the hydro-turbine and the generator is set in the river; or the hydro-turbine is set on the river bank at the water outlet of the diversion device opened along the river or the waterfall flow direction, and the generator connected with the hydro-turbine is set on the river bank ; Or the river bank at the water outlet of the diversion device is directly provided with a hydroelectric generator. It also includes the above-mentioned non-dam power generation system arranged at the downstream end of the dam of the existing dam power station, and the impact force of the water flow at the water outlet of the dam drives the water turbine and then drives the generator to output electric energy.

The axial direction of the impeller of the water turbine is consistent with the water flow direction of the river. The support is composed of a column vertically fixed on the bottom of the river and a cross bar parallel to the river surface. The water turbine is fixed between the cross bars. The water turbine can move up and down along the column along with the cross bar, and the rotating shaft of the water turbine is rotationally connected with the rotating shaft of the generator through a belt pulley or a gear.

The radial direction of the impeller of the water turbine is consistent with the water flow direction of the river, and the rotation shaft of the water turbine is connected to the bracket through bearings, and is connected to the rotation shaft of the generator through gears or belt pulleys.

The axial direction of the impeller of the water turbine is consistent with the water flow direction of the river, and the water turbine is fixedly arranged between two floating boats. One end of the floating boat is respectively connected with the column of the support vertically fixed on the river bank through a connecting frame, and the other end of the floating boat is respectively connected with The vertical bar on the support cross bar is movably connected, and the water turbine can move up and down along the vertical bar along with the pontoon, and the generator is arranged on the pontoon or in its hull, and the rotating shaft of the generator is connected with the rotating shaft of the water turbine through gears, belt pulleys or sprockets.

The radial direction of the impeller of the water turbine is consistent with the water flow direction of the river, and the water turbine is fixedly arranged between two floating boats. One end of the floating boat is respectively connected with the column of the support vertically fixed on the river bank through a connecting frame, and the other end of the floating boat is connected with the vertical column of the bracket respectively. The vertical bar on the support cross bar is movably connected, and the water turbine can move up and down along the vertical bar along with the floating boat.

A plurality of water turbines are fixedly arranged between the pontoons, and the rotating shafts of each water turbine are respectively connected in rotation with the rotating shaft of the generator through gears, pulleys, sprockets or angular gears.

At least two of the water turbines can be arranged along the width and length of the river to form an array generator set, so as to increase the output power of the generator and better utilize energy efficiently.

The pontoons are movably connected through universal joints to improve the mobility between the pontoons.

The power generating device also includes a steel structure filter screen arranged in the river in front of the water turbine.

The drainage device is a drainage pipe, and its water inlet is set at the upstream end of the river or waterfall, and a filter is arranged at the water inlet; its water outlet is set at the downstream end of the river or waterfall, and the water outlet is connected with the hydroelectric generator. connect.

The drainage device is a drainage pipe, and its water inlet is set at the upstream end of the river or waterfall, and a filter screen is arranged at the water inlet; its water outlet is set at the downstream end of the river or waterfall, and at the downstream of the river or waterfall There is a water collection tower at the end, the upper end of the water collection tower is lower than the height of the water inlet of the drainage device, and the outlet of the drainage device is connected with the upper end of the water collection tower to form an inverted siphon. connect.

The dam-free hydropower generation system is set at the downstream end of the dam of the existing dam power station, and the water turbine is set at the bottom of the funnel-shaped pool, and is connected with the generator set on the floating boat through a belt or chain or gear or horn-toothed gear Rotating connection, the pontoon is arranged on both sides of the funnel-shaped pool, the water inlet end of the funnel-shaped pool is provided with a diversion device, the diversion device is connected with the water outlet and the flood discharge port of the existing dam power station, the diversion device and the pontoon pass through the fixed At the bottom of the river, the column and the bracket formed by the horizontal bar that is movably connected with the column are supported and fixed. There is a gate device at the junction of the funnel-shaped pool and the diversion device. The gate device is composed of a gate chute and a gate. The upper end of the gate is connected to the diversion device. The lower end is fixedly connected, and the gate chute is fixedly connected with the pontoon. It can be installed away from the dam to avoid the impact on the dam, and the outlet water of the dam and its flood outlet can be introduced into the diversion device of the non-dam hydropower generation system with a hose or a groove.

In the present invention, a water turbine that is radially or axially consistent with the water flow direction of the river is arranged in the river, and the rotating shaft of the water turbine is connected to the rotating shaft of the generator through mechanical transmission, especially the water turbine is supported in the river by a bracket, or The water turbine is supported in the river through the combination of the bracket and the pontoon, or a drainage device is set up along the flow direction of the river or waterfall to guide the water flow at a high altitude to the downstream end at a low altitude, so that the energy of the water flow hitting the water turbine is converted into the rotation of the water turbine The mechanical kinetic energy of the turbine is transferred to the generator by the shaft of the turbine, and the generator converts the kinetic energy into electrical energy for use by electrical equipment.

Visible, adopt the present invention of above-mentioned structure, just can the potential energy that the river produces because of drop just can be converted into the kinetic energy of generator through the impact of water flow and utilize without building dams, investment is small, thousands of yuan, tens of thousands of yuan can be built to generate electricity, traditional The investment per kilowatt of damming the river is more than 5,000 to 10,000 yuan, while the investment per kilowatt of the hydropower generation system without dams can be reduced to about 2,000 yuan per kilowatt; and the construction period is short, and the traditional damming construction period needs several Years to decades, and the dam-free hydropower generation system can be built to generate electricity within an hour at the fastest. Therefore, the dam-free hydropower generation system can not only avoid the problems of large investment, long construction period, and ecological damage caused by traditional damming of hydroelectric power, but also can be widely used in rivers that cannot be dammed to exploit the energy contained in them. It can be used to reduce human's over-reliance on mineral energy, and at the same time ensure the sustainable development of human beings. It has good social and economic benefits, and more importantly, it will produce good environmental benefits. It can be applied to various flowing rivers with drops, and is especially suitable for waterfalls with drops.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of embodiment 4 of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the rotational connection between the turbine shaft and the generator shaft in the present invention;

Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 7 of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 9 of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 10 of the present invention;

Figure 11 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 11 of the present invention;

Figure 12 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 12 of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the gate device in Fig. 12;

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 13 of the present invention;

Figure 15 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 14 of the present invention;

In the figure, 1 is the river bank, 2 is the river, 2a is the drainage device, 3 is the generator, 3a is the generator shaft, 4 is the support, 4a is the column of the support, 4b is the horizontal bar of the support, 4c is the vertical support of the support Rod, 5 is the water turbine, 5a is the shaft of the water turbine, 6 is the pontoon, 7 is the connecting frame, 8 is the water turbine generator, 9 is the filter screen, 10 is the water collection tower, 11 is the funnel-shaped pool, 12 is the gate, and 13 is the gate Chute, 14 is flood diversion pipeline, 15 is diversion device, and 16 is gate device.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in combination with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

Embodiment 1: As shown in Figure 1, in the river 2 between the river banks 1, four vertical upright columns 4a are fixedly installed at the bottom of the river, and along the flow direction of the river 2 between the two upright columns 4a The horizontal bars 4b are respectively connected with the water surface of the river 2. The horizontal bars 4b are fixedly connected with the cage of the water turbine 5. The cage is a cylindrical shape with openings at both ends and a grid-like periphery. The propeller type impeller, the axial direction of the impeller is consistent with the flow direction of the river 2 . The crossbar 4b and the upright post 4a are loosely fitted and movably connected, and the water turbine 5 can move up and down along the upright post 4a along with the crossbar 4b to adapt to changes in different water levels of the river 2 . Column 4a, crossbar 4b, and the fixed rod connected between the columns 4a in the width direction of the river 2 and fixedly connected with the cover of the water turbine 5 form the bracket 4, and the fixed rod can also move up and down along the column 4a.

The water turbine rotating shaft 5a is rotationally connected with the generator rotating shaft 3a of the generator 3 arranged on the river bank 1 through a belt pulley.

Embodiment 2: The basic structure is as in Embodiment 1, wherein the cover of the water turbine is changed to a funnel shape as shown in Figure 2, which can further save materials and costs.

Embodiment 3: as shown in Fig. 3, three columns 4a of support 4 are fixedly installed on the river bottom of river 2, and a water turbine 5 is arranged between two adjacent columns 4a successively, and water turbine 5 is a waterwheel type, in Its circumference is provided with blades arranged along its axial direction to form an impeller, and the radial direction of the impeller is consistent with the flow direction of the river 2 .

The water turbine rotating shaft 5a passes through the column 4a, and is movably connected with the column 4a through a bearing, and one end thereof is rotatably connected with the generator rotating shaft 3a of the generator 3 arranged on the river bank 1 through a gear, or may be rotatably connected with the generator rotating shaft 3a through a pulley .

Embodiment 4: As shown in Figure 4, the support 4 includes four uprights 4a vertically set up on the river bank 1, two uprights 4a are symmetrically distributed on both banks, and a connecting frame 7 is arranged on the two uprights 4a upstream, Connecting frame 7 can be steel frame, also can steel cable or steel wire rope. Two floating boats 6 are arranged on the river surface of the river 2, and the water turbine 5 as described in the first embodiment is fixed between the floating boats 6 . The connecting frame 7 is fixedly connected with the front end of the pontoon 6 . Two horizontal bars 4b are arranged between the two columns 4a in the downstream direction, and two vertical bars 4c are arranged between the two horizontal bars 4b. The vertical bar 4c is provided with a looper that can move up and down along it, and the looper is fixedly connected with the tail end of the pontoon 6 to meet the requirement that the pontoon 6 moves up and down with the water level of the river 2, and can also fix the stern of the pontoon 6 to prevent swing left and right. The main function of the pontoon 6 is to adapt to the requirements of the fluctuation of the water surface, so that the boat can rise and fall when the water rises, and ensure that the water turbine 5 maintains a fixed draft under any circumstances, and will not affect the operation of power generation due to changes in the height of the water flow surface . The making of pontoon 6 both can be made into the ship type and has the function of steamer like shipbuilding, also available timber, plastics, rubber, steel etc. are made into the buoy of other geometric shapes, to satisfy the different needs of big and small rivers.

The generator 3 is arranged inside or on the hull of the pontoon 6 , and the generator rotating shaft 5 a is rotationally connected with the water turbine rotating shaft 5 a of the water turbine 5 through a pulley or a sprocket. Generator 3 can use wind power generator, also available traditional generator.

Embodiment 5: the basic structure is as in embodiment 4, wherein the enclosure of water turbine 5 is changed to the funnel type as shown in Figure 5, and water turbine 5 is installed at the afterbody of enclosure, and the size of the water inlet is greater than the size of the water outlet, in order to gather the energy of water, To further improve the output power of generator 3.

Embodiment 6: As shown in Figure 6, the basic structure is as in Embodiment 4, wherein the water turbine 5 is a waterwheel type, and its circumference is provided with blades arranged along its axial direction, the radial direction of the water turbine 5 and the flow direction of the river 2 unanimous.

The generator 3 is arranged in the hull of the pontoon 6, and the generator rotating shaft 3a is vertically downward, and is rotationally connected with the water turbine rotating shaft 5a through a horn-toothed gear as shown in FIG. 7 .

Embodiment 7: The basic structure is as in Embodiment 5. Two water turbines 5 arranged in front and behind are arranged between the floating boats 6 along its length direction. The generator shaft 3a of the generator 3 is rotationally connected to increase the power to drive the generator 3 and improve the output power of the generator. The river 2 in front of the pontoon 6 is provided with a steel structure filter screen to filter garbage and sand in the river 2, so as to avoid the impact of these sundries on the water turbine and ensure the safety of power generation.

Embodiment 8: The basic structure is as in Embodiment 7. In the width direction of the river 2, a plurality of pontoons 6 are movably connected by universal joints. Between adjacent pontoons 6, water turbines 5 are fixedly arranged, and the rotating shafts of the water turbines 5 are fixed. 5a are rotationally connected to the generator rotating shaft 3a through a belt pulley or a sprocket respectively, and the driving direction of the generator by the water turbine 5 is consistent. It is also possible to arrange a plurality of generators 3 on the pontoon 6 to form a generator set, improve the output power of the generators, and better utilize energy efficiently.

Embodiment 9: As shown in FIG. 9 , the support 4 is a conduit set between the upstream and downstream banks 1 of the river 2 , and the upper end of the conduit communicates with the upstream of the river 2 to divert the river water to the downstream of the river 2 . The conduit is a peripheral closed structure, which can be arbitrarily extended and buried along the river bank 1. The size of the upstream water inlet is larger than the size of the downstream water outlet, so as to maintain sufficient drop pressure to drive the waterwheel type water flushing runner, propeller type or turbine type water turbine 5 to drive the generator 3 to generate electricity. The water turbine 5 can be arranged inside or outside the conduit at the water outlet of the conduit. Generator 3 can be arranged in the conduit like water turbine 5, also can be arranged on the river bank 1, can carry out transmission between water turbine 5 and generator 3 by belt pulley or gear or angular tooth gear or sprocket. The conduit is arranged in the water inlet at the upstream of the river 2 and a steel structure filter screen can be arranged to filter sand and stones and other sundries in the river 2 .

In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the water turbine 5 and the generator 3 can be designed as an integral structure according to the requirement to form a water turbine generator.

Embodiment 10: As shown in Figure 10, on the bank 1 of a river 2 with a high drop or on the bank of a waterfall with a high drop, a drainage device 2a is set along the flow direction of the river 2 or waterfall, and the drainage device 2a can be a closed drainage groove or drainage tube. The water inlet of drainage device 2a is offered at the upstream end of river 2 or waterfall, and is provided with the strainer screen 9 of steel structure in water inlet, to filter the rubbish in the river 2, sandstone, avoids these sundries to affect water turbine, guarantees Power generation safety. The water outlet of the diversion device 2 a is located at the downstream end of the river 2 or the lower end of the waterfall, and is connected with the hydroelectric generator 8 .

Under the action of gravity, the water flows from the upstream end of the river 2 into the drainage device 2a laid along the river bank 1 along its flow direction, and after a certain length, there will be a large drop. The working principle is to use the sealing liquid to apply the pressure on it The size is unchanged and transmitted in all directions (such as 10,000-ton hydraulic press and urban water tower pipe network water supply). According to needs, several drainage grooves or drainage pipes can be set as the drainage device 2a, and the water flow changes of the upstream inlet of the river 2 in dry season and flood season can be detected by the water pressure sensor arranged at the outlet of the drainage device 2a, so as to adjust the water flow of the inlet. The water flow control gate switch at the water inlet and water outlet realizes automatic adjustment. Since the water inlet flow is always greater than the water outlet flow, and the drainage device 2a is kept in a sealed state, sufficient head pressure can be obtained at this time, and then the hydroelectric generator installed on the river bank 1 can output electric energy.

Embodiment 11: As shown in Figure 11, the basic structure is as in Embodiment 10. The water outlet of the drainage device 2a located at the downstream end of the river 2 is higher than the ground where the river bank 1 is located, but the height is lower than the water inlet altitude of the drainage device 2a, forming an inverted siphon. A water collection tower 10 is arranged at the downstream end of the river 2 , and the upper end of the water collection tower 10 communicates with the water outlet of the drainage device 2 a, so that the river water introduced by the drainage device 2 a can be discharged into the water collection tower 10 . The bottom of the water collection tower 10 is provided with a water outlet, and the water outlet is connected with the water turbine generator 8 .

Several drainage grooves or drainage pipes can be laid along the river 2 as the drainage device 2a, and the water is supplied by several drainage grooves or drainage pipes in the water collection tower 10, and the water is concentrated on a hydroelectric generator 8, which is convenient for control, regulation and power generation .

Through the water storage effect of the water collection tower 10, sufficient water pressure can be obtained to drive the hydroelectric generator 8 to rotate and output electric energy.

The main feature of this embodiment and embodiment 10 is to simplify the structure of building giant dam reservoirs to generate electricity in the past to laying pipelines (or adding water collection towers) to obtain the same height difference. The power generation effect is the same.

Embodiment 12: As shown in FIG. 12 , the damless hydropower generation system is installed downstream of the dam of the existing dam power station.

Several upright columns 4a are set on dams, rivers, and river banks, and crossbars 4b that can move up and down along the upright columns 4a are installed loosely. The water turbine 5 is arranged at the bottom of the funnel-shaped pool 11, and is rotationally connected with the generator 3 arranged on the floating boat 6 through a belt or a chain or a gear or a horn-toothed gear. Two floating boats 6 are arranged on both sides of the funnel-shaped pool 11. The water inlet end of type pool 11 is provided with diversion device 15, and diversion device 15 can be diversion tank, also can diversion tube.

The diversion device 15 communicates with the water outlet of the existing dam power station, and communicates with the flood outlet of the dam power station through the flood diversion pipeline 14 . The diversion device 15 and the pontoon 6 are supported and fixed by a support 4 composed of a column 4a fixed at the bottom of the river and a cross bar 4b movably connected with the column 4a. As shown in FIG. 13 , the gate device 16 is composed of a gate chute 13 and a gate 12 , the upper end of the gate 12 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the diversion device 15 , and the gate chute 13 is fixedly connected with the pontoon 6 . In this way, the pontoon 6 can adapt to changes in the rise and fall of the water surface of the downstream river, and can rise and fall.

When the river is in the dry season, the water level of the river downstream of the dam decreases. Since the dam and the water turbine 5 are at a fixed height and have a large drop with the downstream water surface, at this time the diversion device 15 is used to connect with the funnel-shaped pool 11 to drive the water turbine 5 to rotate. Then drive the generator 3 to rotate and output electric energy; when the river is in the flood period, the water level in the downstream of the dam rises and the drop between the water outlet of the original water turbine 5 becomes smaller, and may even be zero or negative, but the upstream of the dam needs flood discharge, so it is activated at this time The flood diversion pipeline 14 introduces the water discharged during the flood period into the funnel-shaped pool 11 to generate electricity.

Embodiment 13: As shown in Figure 14, the basic structure is as in Embodiment 12. Wherein the water turbine 5 is a waterwheel type, and the impact of the water flow at the water outlet of the dam or the flood outlet makes the water turbine 5 rotate, driving the generator to output electric energy.

Embodiment 14: As shown in Figure 15, the basic structure is as in Embodiment 12. Wherein the pontoon 6 is cancelled, and the support 4 made of the column 4a and the cross bar 4b fixedly supports the funnel-shaped pool 11 . The structure of the bracket 4 is the same as that of the previous embodiment, and the cross bar 4b can move up and down along the column 4a.

The fabrication and installation of drainage device 2a and flood diversion pipeline 14 among above-mentioned embodiments 9～14 can be installed with steel, as natural gas pipeline, oil pipeline, also can make and install with reinforced concrete, install as urban pipe network water supply, both can Cast-in-place can also be prefabricated. Both round pipes and square pipes can be used, especially prefabricated reinforced concrete square pipes, which are more suitable for rivers with inconvenient transportation. Equally, also can adopt plastics, rubber, cloth and other synthetic materials to make above-mentioned device, install pipeline, to reduce cost, satisfy the reasonable needs of different occasions.

In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the water turbine 5 and the generator 3 or the water turbine generator 8, the pontoon 6, the support 4, the diversion device 15, the gate device 16, the funnel-shaped pool 11, etc. can be combined into an array type, an array type, or a group type. Or other combination forms constitute the combined power generation system as expressed in Embodiment 8.

Claims (6)

1. A hydroelectric power generation system without a dam, comprising a water turbine (5) and a generator (3) rotationally connected thereto, or a water turbine generator (8) in which a water turbine and a generator are integrated, the water turbine (5) or a water turbine The turbine generator (8) is arranged in the river (2), and it is characterized in that: the water turbine (5) is fixedly arranged between two floating boats (6), and one end of the floating boat (6) is respectively connected to The column (4a) of the support (4) vertically fixed on the river bank (1) is connected, and the other end of the pontoon (6) is respectively movably connected with the vertical bar (4c) on the support (4) cross bar (4b). (5) can move up and down along the vertical bar part of support (4) along with pontoon (6), generator (3) is arranged on the pontoon (6) or in its hull, generator rotating shaft (3a) and water turbine rotating shaft (5a) Rotationally connected by gears or pulleys or sprockets. 2. The dam-free hydropower generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the axial direction of the impeller of the water turbine (5) is consistent with the flow direction of the river (2), and one end of the pontoon (6) passes through the connecting frame (7) ) are respectively connected with the column (4a) of the support (4) vertically fixed on the river bank (1), and the other end of the pontoon (6) is respectively movable with the vertical bar (4c) on the support (4) cross bar (4b) Connect, water turbine (5) can move up and down along vertical bar (4c) along with pontoon (6). 3. The dam-free hydropower generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the radial direction of the impeller of the water turbine (5) is consistent with the flow direction of the river (2), and one end of the pontoon (6) passes through the connecting frame (7) ) are respectively connected with the column (4a) of the support (4) vertically fixed on the river bank (1), and the other end of the pontoon (6) is respectively movable with the vertical bar (4c) on the support (4) cross bar (4b) Connect, water turbine (5) can move up and down along vertical bar (4c) along with pontoon (6). 4. The dam-free hydroelectric power generation system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that a plurality of water turbines (5) are fixedly arranged between the pontoons (6), and the rotating shafts (5a) of each water turbine pass through gears respectively. Or belt pulley or sprocket wheel or angular tooth gear and generator rotating shaft (3a) rotation connection. 5. The dam-free hydropower generation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: multiple turbines (5) can be installed along the width of the river (2), and the floating boats (6) can be moved through universal joints connect. 6. The dam-free hydropower generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dam-free hydropower generation system is set at the downstream end of the dam of the existing dam power station, and the water turbine (5) is set in the funnel-shaped pool The bottom of (11), and is connected with the generator (3) rotation that is arranged on the pontoon (6) by belt or chain or gear or angular tooth gear, and pontoon (6) is arranged on the both sides of funnel-shaped pool (11), The water inlet end of the funnel-shaped pool (11) is provided with a diversion device (15), and the diversion device (15) is communicated with the water outlet and the flood discharge port of the existing dam power station, and the diversion device (15), the pontoon (6) Supported and fixed by the support (4) composed of the column (4a) fixed on the bottom of the river and the cross bar (4b) movably connected with the column (4a), the junction of the funnel-shaped pool (11) and the diversion device (15) is set Gate device (16) is arranged, and gate device (16) is made of gate chute (13) and gate (12), and gate (12) upper end is fixedly connected with diversion device (15) lower end, and gate chute (13) is connected with pontoon (6) Fixed connection.

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