CN100559792C - Spanning-Tree Protocol address renewing method and switch - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of Spanning-Tree Protocol address renewing method, comprising: preset first duration, and second duration; Switch obtains TC message, generate tree address deletion action, and the triggering timing device picks up counting; In described first duration, after switch obtains TC message, delete current generation tree address; When the timer timing surpasses first duration, in described second duration, switch receives TC message, does not delete the operation that generates the tree address; Overtime when second duration, judge in described second duration, whether to have received topology change TC message, if there is then switch delete current generation tree address.The present invention has strengthened stability of network; And, because the present invention has reduced the number of times of deletion dynamic address, saved switch system resource (as CPU etc.), thereby improved the performance and the stability of network of system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the management method of bridge, especially a kind of Spanning-Tree Protocol dynamic address update method, and a kind of switch.
Background technology
Bridge (Gate Bridge) is operated on the OSI second layer (data link layer MAC), the function that regenerated signal between different segment is arranged, it can effectively connect two local area network (LAN)s, makes local communication restriction in this subnet, and with corresponding signal forwarding to another subnet section.
Bridge carries out record to source MAC in the Frame of process and port, and after the target MAC (Media Access Control) address in the message was recorded, the message that then will be sent to this target MAC (Media Access Control) address later on directly sent from the port numbers of record; If target MAC (Media Access Control) address is a multicast address less than record or target MAC (Media Access Control) address in the message, then bridge sends this message to all of the port.
The bridge defective is: bridge can not know as router that message also needs to transmit through how many times, in case network exists loop will cause message constantly to circulate and hyperplasia in loop, even causing terrified " broadcast storm ", it is unavailable that network will become.With reference to Fig. 1, the generation of loop make the message between host A and the A ' can be in bridge coil constantly hyperplasia and broadcasting, cause " storm ".
The method that solves above-mentioned Infinite Cyclic problem is to allow the bridge intercommunication, and covers actual topological structure with a generation tree that arrives each LAN.The algorithm that is used to construct tree is spanning tree algorithm SPA (Spanning Tree Algorithm), also just is called as " Spanning-Tree Protocol " with the agreement of this algorithm construction network tree.Described Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) is two layer-management agreements, and it reaches the purpose of eliminating the network double-layer loop by blocking network redundant link selectively, and possesses the link backup function.The information unit of communicating by letter between the bridge is called configuration messages BPDU (Bridge Protocol Data Unit), STPBPDU is a kind of two layer message, target MAC (Media Access Control) address is multicast address 01-80-C2-00-00-00, promptly all support the bridge of STP agreement all can receive and handle this message packet, and this message has carried in the data field and has been used to generate all useful informations that tree is calculated.
If network topology structure changes, under situations such as certain bridge or LAN break down, then need to recomputate and generate tree, and then port status is changed; After port status changed, it is invalid that the dynamic address that bridge is learnt also can become, and propagates topology change message (TC) so the STP consultation triggers in network, notifies each dynamic address that bridge deletion is learnt, and causes relearning site address.
Concrete, in existing technology, when network topology structure changes, the bridge switch will be received the BPDU that has topology change (TC) flag bit, or (Detected) topology change is found in the internal state machine running, can carry out the TC transmission of news at other port, delete the dynamic address that all of the port is learnt simultaneously.TC message is used to enable the existing tree address that generates of bridge deletion.
Hence one can see that, the defective of prior art is: each TC message and Detected state promptly can trigger the deletion that switch carries out dynamic address, therefore, can frequently trigger switch deletion dynamic address in topology change in the process of network convergence, waste the CPU time, reduced systematic function; Especially in distributed system, performance reduces very obvious, and may cause vibration.In addition, some than stable network in, a spot of TC message can make all address flush of switch, and then causes network flash disconnected.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of Spanning-Tree Protocol address renewing method, and this method can provide protection mechanism, avoids bridge to carry out unnecessary address deletion.Accordingly, the present invention also provides a kind of switch.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of Spanning-Tree Protocol address renewing method comprises: preset first duration, and second duration; Switch obtains TC message, generate tree address deletion action, and the triggering timing device picks up counting; In described first duration, after switch obtains TC message, delete current generation tree address; When the timer timing surpasses first duration, then in second duration, switch receives TC message, does not delete the operation that generates the tree address; Overtime when second duration, judge in described second duration, whether to have received topology change TC message, if there is then switch delete current generation tree address.
In the first duration value described in the said method is 3 to 5 seconds; Described second duration can be 10 to 15 seconds.Described switch is the Root Bridge switch.
On the said method basis, after switch generates tree address deletion action, trigger the new generation tree address of study.
A kind of Spanning-Tree Protocol address renewing method comprises: switch obtains TC message, generates tree address deletion action, and the triggering timing device picks up counting, and enters second duration that presets; In second duration that presets, switch is not deleted the operation that generates the tree address; Overtime when second duration, judge in described second duration, whether to have received topology change TC message, if there is then switch delete current generation tree address.
A kind of switch is used for bridge coil, and described switch obtains TC message, enters in first duration that presets, and switch receives that TC message generates the operation of tree address; Overtime to first duration, and in second duration that presets, switch is not deleted the operation that generates the tree address; To the end of second duration, switch judges whether received TC message in described second duration, then deletes current generation tree address if having.
Switch enters second duration that presets by the timer judgement.Described first duration is 3 to 5 seconds.Described second duration is 10-15 second.
Above technical scheme as can be seen, because the present invention has increased protection mechanism existing the generation on the tree address renewing method basis, under the frequent situation about changing of network topology, avoid switch frequently to delete and generate the tree dynamic address, thereby the present invention has strengthened stability of network; And then, because the present invention has reduced the number of times of deletion dynamic address, thereby saved switch system resource (as CPU etc.), thereby the present invention has improved the performance and the stability of network of system; And technical solution of the present invention realizes with state machine, thereby is easy to standardization.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the path winding produces schematic diagram in the bridge coil;
Fig. 2 is for generating tree course of work schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 generates tree address flush protection mechanism sequential chart for the present invention;
Fig. 4 is state machine triggers transition schematic diagrames.
Embodiment
The invention provides the update method of a kind of Spanning-Tree Protocol address.
Described Spanning-Tree Protocol is a kind of two layer-management agreements.Reach the purpose of eliminating the network double-layer loop by blocking network redundant link selectively.Promptly cover actual topological structure with a generation tree that arrives each LAN.Guarantee to have only a unique paths between any two LAN by generating tree, generate tree in case bridge is decided through consultation, all transmission between LAN are all deferred to this and are generated tree, owing to have only unique path to each destination from each source, so will no longer produce circulation.
Root bridge (Root Bridge), root port (Root Port), designated port (Designated Port), path cost notions such as (Path Cost) have been defined in the STP agreement, purpose be by construct one naturally the method for tree reach the loop of cutting redundancy, realize link backup and path optimization simultaneously.The algorithm that is used to construct tree is called spanning tree algorithm (SPA, Spanning Tree Algorithm), also just is called as " Spanning-Tree Protocol " with the agreement of this algorithm construction network tree.Carry out the interchange of some information between the bridge, these information interchange unit just are called configuration messages unit (BPDU, Bridge Protocol Data Unit).STPBPDU is a kind of two layer message, and target MAC (Media Access Control) address is multicast address 01-80-C2-00-00-00, and all support the bridge of STP agreement all can receive and handle the message of receiving, this message has carried in the data field and has been used to generate all useful informations that tree is calculated.
It is as follows to build the principle that generates tree.At first, select a bridge as the root that generates tree; The method that realizes is that each bridge is broadcasted its priority vector and time parameter, selects the highest bridge of MAC Address minimum and priority as root.Secondly, construct the generation tree by described shortest path to each bridge.If certain bridge or LAN fault then recomputate.Bridge is by BPDU (Bridge Protocol Data Unit) mutual communication, and before bridge was made the decision of configuration oneself, each bridge and each port needed following configuration data:
Bridge: bridge id (unique sign); Port: the cost of port id (unique sign), port relative priority, each port (high bandwidth=low cost).
After configuring each bridge, bridge will be determined automatically to generate tree according to configuration parameter, and this process is divided into three phases:
1, selects Root Bridge; Bridge with minimum bridge id is selected as Root Bridge.Promptly select the high bridge of MAC Address minimum and priority as root.
2, on other all bridges, select root port; Each bridge except that Root Bridge need select a root port, and this should be best suited for the port of communicating by letter with Root Bridge.By calculating of the cost of each port, get reckling as root port to Root Bridge.
3, select " specifying (designated) bridge " and " designated port " of each LAN; If have only a bridge to link certain LAN, it must be the Designated Bridge of this LAN, if more than one, then to the minimum Designated Bridge that is chosen as this LAN of Root Bridge cost.Designated port connects Designated Bridge and corresponding LAN (if such port more than one, then low priority is selected).
From the above, each port on the bridge is necessary for one of following type: the designated port of root port, certain LAN, port blocked.
After a bridge powers up, suppose it oneself is Root Bridge, send out a CBPDU (ConfigurationBridge Protocol Data Unit), notify other bridges root bridge id that it is thought.If bridge is received the CBPDU of a root bridge id less than ID known to it, then can upgrade own table, if this frame arrives from root port (uploading), then distribute to all designated ports; Receive the CBPDU of a root bridge id when a bridge, then this information abandoned that if this frame arrives from designated port, then frame of loopback is informed the low ID of true Root Bridge greater than ID known to it.When wittingly or because line fault when causing that network reconfigures, repeats said process to produce a new generation tree.
With reference to Fig. 2, the generation of ming tree specifically.In network as shown in Figure 2, each bridge all starts with default value, and all under the situation of the same (default priority is 32768), the bridge of MAC Address minimum becomes the root bridge at bridge priority, supposes it is SW1 among the figure.Like this, all of the port of SW1 all becomes designated port, enters forwarding state.
Next, other bridges will select the branch of " the most sturdy " as the path to the root bridge separately, and the role of corresponding port becomes root port.What suppose SW1 to SW3 in the drawings is 100,000,000 FE links, SW1 to SW2 is a gigabit GE link with the link of SW2 to SW3, then the path cost of SW3 from port one to the root bridge is exactly 19 according to default value, and the path cost from port 2 process SW2 to the root bridge is 4+4=8, so port 2 becomes root port, enters forwarding state.SW2 is to the path that the root bridge has two paths expenses to equate, it will determine priority according to the port id (Port ID) of transmitting terminal, promptly priority height (numerical value is little) will become root port, suppose it is port 2.The port one of SW2 will become designated port.After all determining, root bridge and root port promptly form to generate tree, shown in solid line among the figure, further with the loop of cutting redundancy.Reduce redundant loop and realize that by corresponding port on the obstruction nonroot bridge for example the role of the port one of the port 3 of SW2 and SW3 becomes disabled ports, enters blocked state.Through after a while (default value is about 30 seconds), generate tree stable after, all of the port or enter forwarding state perhaps enters blocked state.
STP BPDU regularly sends from the designated port of each bridge, with the state of maintenance link.If network topology changes, generating tree will recomputate, and port status also can produce change thereupon; After port status changed, it is invalid that the dynamic address that bridge is learnt also can become, and therefore, the STP consultation triggers and propagate topology change (TC) message in network, notifies each dynamic address that bridge deletion is learnt, and causes relearning site address.
Generating tree address flush mode is: the root bridge in the network is in core position, and the switch performance of root bridge is higher than other switch; When near certain the link topology the network edge changes, send topological alteration notifying message to other switch in the network, and in network, transmit, comprise converging and the core layer transmission to network; When switch is received topological alteration notifying message, can think network topological change, thereby the dynamic address on the deletion switch (MAC Address and ARP address), ROOT switch are received the address that can delete this switch after the described topological alteration notifying message, to learn new generation tree address.
With reference to Fig. 3, a preferred embodiment of network topological change guard mode machine of the present invention (TCPM) is described.
The core of this protection mechanism is when receiving a plurality of TC message at short notice, switch frequently deletion generate the tree address, but under protection mechanism as described below, carry out the address deletion action.
31: switch remains on disarmed state, and described disarmed state is meant that switch does not enable the TC protection mechanism, promptly in the present embodiment, can select whether to enable the TC protection mechanism;
32: enable the TC protection mechanism, enter ready state; Judged whether topology change TC message;
33: after enabling the TC protection mechanism, under the timer halted state, receive TC message for the first time, then start timer and pick up counting, and this time TC message will trigger the primary address deletion action;
As shown in the figure, switch enters running status, and timer carries out timing to this state, and setting the running status duration in the present embodiment is T1; In this state, each TC message all will trigger switch and carry out the address deletion action;
34: timer T1 is overtime, and then switch enters guard mode, the second duration T2 timing of timer to presetting, and during described guard mode, switch does not carry out the address deletion action; During guard mode, if do not receive TC message, then switch will not carry out any operation all the time;
35: as shown in the figure, if receive TC message during guard mode, switch promptly enters wait state, and during this state, switch does not carry out the address deletion action, and is recorded in and received TC message in the T2 duration;
36: waiting timer T2 is overtime, and judgement is in the overtime back of T1 and in the T2 duration, whether switch receives TC message, if receive TC message, then carries out the primary address deletion action, if do not receive TC message in during described, then switch is not deleted the address; Promptly with reference to Fig. 3, if T2 overtime after, the switch previous state is a wait state, then deletes the address, otherwise does not delete the address;
The timer zero clearing of the overtime back of T2, switch can return ready state, waits for and receiving message initiated new time-count cycle of new TC.
The present invention is provided with T1 and T2 duration according to the characteristics that network topology structure changes, and adopts other address update mechanism of phase region in each duration.The change of network topology structure, change especially medium-sized or the catenet topological structure needs certain hour, promptly when switch is received TC message at first (during T1), network may also be in the process of topologies change, though thereby switch has carried out the address deletion and renewal is operated, the address after upgrading still is not the final result that network topology structure changes; Usually, behind the T1 duration, network topology structure tends towards stability, the change convergence of topology finishes, then the TC message of being obtained in the switch T2 duration mainly is because network transfer delay reasons such as (transmitting the delay of TC message as switch) causes TC message to arrive this switch during T2, and then can adopt the update mechanism control of T2 of the present invention in period to generate tree address deletion action.
Above-mentioned is one embodiment of the invention, and in the above-described embodiments, described each state only is used to illustrate that switch receives the processing mode of TC message in different times; And among the present invention, timer does not limit the mode of T1, T2 timing, for example can treat that the overtime timer that promptly restarts at once of T1 is to the T2 timing by a timer earlier to the T1 timing.Perhaps, according to mode described in the foregoing description, when receiving TC message, start timer simultaneously to T1 and T2 timing, then in this implementation, described time interval T2＞T1, and recommend the T2 duration value to get 10～15 seconds, the T1 duration value was got 3～5 seconds, obviously, the value of described duration T1, T2 does not limit in the present invention, and those skilled in the art can set according to concrete business demand.
The above-mentioned method that provides can be applicable to each layer bridge in the bridging structure network.Usually,, influence its performance and operation stability, thereby the present invention can access more outstanding effect when being applied to the root bridge if frequent the changing of the switch of network edge topology will cause the switch of core layer and convergence-level frequently to delete dynamic address.
Can further understand the triggering transition situation of each state machine that defines in the foregoing description with reference to Fig. 4.For the expansion and the variation part of above-mentioned various the inventive method, those skilled in the art can change accordingly to the jump condition of state machine.
With reference to this figure, switch not enabled TC protection mechanism, when promptly being in disarmed state, each TC message all can trigger switch deletion address, and deletion back, address switch will return disarmed state.Enable the TC protection mechanism, switch enters into ready state by disarmed state through initialization, and is corresponding, and after the cancellation TC protection mechanism, switch becomes disarmed state by ready state.
In ready state, when TC message arrived switch, switch promptly carried out the address deletion action according to this message, and started the timer timing; And state machine transferred to running status; T1 not overtime during, if switch if receive TC message, then carries out the address deletion action, operation is finished and is promptly returned described running status.
Overtime as T1, the switch status machine is transferred to guard mode, when being in guard mode, if there is TC message to arrive switch, then state machine is transferred to wait state; Treat that T2 is overtime, if switch is a guard mode, then state machine is turned back to ready state, if wait state, then switch carries out the primary address deletion action, and turns back to ready state.Accordingly, timer zero clearing in the switch.
Accordingly, the present invention also provides a kind of switch, and this switch is used for bridge coil, comprises each bridge switch.Switch obtains TC message, the timing of triggering timing device, and in first duration, switch is given neighboring switch with the TC forwards of receiving, and deletes current generation tree address according to the TC message of receiving; To the end of first duration, switch judges whether that second duration is overtime.In second duration that presets, switch is given neighboring switch with the TC forwards of receiving, and does not delete the operation that generates the tree address; If second duration is overtime, judge whether switch has received TC message in described second duration, if there is then switch delete current generation tree address.Among the present invention, it is 3 to 5 seconds that described first duration is recommended value.
Switch processes provided by the present invention generates tree address update mechanism can be with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, and above corresponding explanatory note.
More than Spanning-Tree Protocol address renewing method provided by the present invention and switch are described in detail, used specific case herein principle of the present invention and execution mode are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; Simultaneously, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, the part that all can change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of Spanning-Tree Protocol address renewing method is characterized in that:
1) preset first duration, and second duration;
2) switch obtains topology change TC message, generate tree address deletion action, and the triggering timing device picks up counting;
3) in described first duration, after switch obtains TC message, delete current generation tree address; When the timer timing surpasses first duration, carry out 4);
4) in second duration that presets, switch receives TC message, does not delete the operation that generates the tree address;
5) overtime when second duration, judge in described second duration, whether to have received TC message, if then switch is deleted current generation tree address.
2, Spanning-Tree Protocol address renewing method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described first duration is 3 to 5 seconds.
3, Spanning-Tree Protocol address renewing method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described second duration is 10 to 15 seconds.
4, Spanning-Tree Protocol address renewing method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described switch is the Root Bridge switch.
5, as one of them described Spanning-Tree Protocol address renewing method of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that:
After switch generates tree address deletion action, trigger the new generation tree address of study.
6, a kind of Spanning-Tree Protocol address renewing method is characterized in that:
1) switch obtains topology change TC message, generates tree address deletion action, and the triggering timing device picks up counting, and enters second duration that presets;
2) in second duration that presets, switch is not deleted the operation that generates the tree address;
3) overtime when second duration, judge in described second duration, whether to have received TC message, if then switch is deleted current generation tree address.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104601474A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-05-06 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Method and device for processing topological changes |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101060485B (en) * | 2007-05-11 | 2011-08-10 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Topology changed messages processing method and processing device |
| CN101217445B (en) * | 2008-01-21 | 2011-07-06 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | A method of loop generation protection and Ethernet ring system |
| CN102437967B (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2015-01-28 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Method and device for forwarding messages |
| JP6042549B2 (en) | 2012-09-19 | 2016-12-14 | ローベルト ボツシユ ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツングＲｏｂｅｒｔ Ｂｏｓｃｈ Ｇｍｂｈ | How to run a computer network |
| CN110401730B (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2021-06-29 | 华为技术有限公司 | IP address generation method and device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104601474A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-05-06 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Method and device for processing topological changes |
| CN104601474B (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2018-03-16 | 新华三技术有限公司 | Handle the method and device of change in topology |
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Address after: 310052 Binjiang District Changhe Road, Zhejiang, China, No. 466, No. Patentee after: NEW H3C TECHNOLOGIES Co.,Ltd. Address before: 310053 Hangzhou hi tech Industrial Development Zone, Zhejiang province science and Technology Industrial Park, No. 310 and No. six road, HUAWEI, Hangzhou production base Patentee before: HANGZHOU H3C TECHNOLOGIES Co.,Ltd. |
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