CN100559075C

CN100559075C - A kind of atmospheric energy-saving pan shell type fast steam boiler

Info

Publication number: CN100559075C
Application number: CNB2006100369717A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邵锐勋; 李焕萍
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-08-08
Filing date: 2006-08-08
Publication date: 2009-11-11
Anticipated expiration: 2026-08-08
Also published as: CN1908512A

Abstract

A kind of atmospheric energy-saving pan shell type fast steam boiler, comprise gas burner, shell, cistern assembly, fume collecting chamber, air exhauster, smoke exhaust pipe, steam outlet pipe, the shell bottom is the water-containing structure of a spill, gas burner is located in the water-containing structure of shell spill, fume collecting chamber is loaded on the shell top, the fume collecting chamber top is provided with air exhauster, air exhauster connects smoke exhaust pipe, it is characterized in that: the many compound fire tubes of three-dimensional are housed in shell, the lower end of three-dimensional compound fire tube communicates with the flame of gas burner, and the upper end communicates with fume collecting chamber.The present invention is owing to adopted three-dimensional compound fire tube, so system steam turbine reason is novel, simple and reasonable, volume is little, and it is little to take up room, easy for installation, easy operating, and the automaticity height, safe and reliable.Strong to combustion gas and water quality adaptability, the speed of steaming is fast, and the vapor (steam) temperature height does not have carbonated drink to mix and the accident extinguishing fault, can be widely used in aspects such as industry, commerce, daily life.

Description

A kind of atmospheric energy-saving pan shell type fast steam boiler

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of boiler, particularly a kind of atmospheric energy-saving pan shell type fast steam boiler.

Background technology

Present middle-size and small-size gas fired-boiler trend fast-assemblingization, transitionization, automation.Vertical boiler is because simple in structure, and fitting operation is convenient, and floor space is little, uses extremely wide.Novel vertical boiler, efficient can reach 85%-90%, is generally steam boiler.Generally below 1.0t/h, steam pressure is generally below 1.0MPa for boiler capacity.The boiler capacity that is used for the hot water supply can reach 1.4MW.But these boilers all belong to the supervision scope of pressure capability, production and to enter user's threshold more, higher.For example: the boiler card that the operative employee must examine especially is on duty, and enterprise must be provided with the boiler room specially, also will handle the annual examination of work, fire department, several ten thousand yuan at least of disposable used device purchase commoditys, hundreds of thousands unit, even unit up to a million at most.This is to the medium-sized and small enterprises of intermittence use steam, as restaurant restaurant, clothes, the supporting all very inconvenience of cereal product.A large amount of on the market gas fired-boilers that use still directly heat water dish generation steam with 4 cun-5 cun burners or fuel oil, gas burner system.Because water dish bottom surface heating surface area is limited, burning produces thermal current again less than effective application, and heat exchanger effectiveness is low, and steam produces slow, and combustion gas is wasteful.Simultaneously, in recent years many utility model patents, the various schemes of setting up fire tube in the water dish that proposes, fire tube is made individual layer, double-deck straight tube or zigzag bend pipe or the like, the thermal current that produces when utilizing fire tube to absorb fuel gas buring heats the water in the water dish, purpose is to increase the heating surface area of water and the elevated temperature heat air-flow is circled round in fire tube, the time of prolong smoke thermal energy exchange feedwater, thereby the thermal efficiency and the steam that improve the combustion gas steam stove produce speed, but this method still has following weak point: (1) flue gas still lacks the effective energy exchange at pipeline inner flow passage center and near tube wall boundary layer thermo-molecular; (2) rely on the pipeline right angle to arrange in a zigzag, it is narrow to help the generation flow section, and prolong smoke is the holdup time in fire tube, promptly increases the heat exchanger time of cigarette G﹠W.But vapour lock also increases thereupon, influences flue gas and discharges smoothly, causes to flow into the gas burner lack of air, and ignition temperature reduces, and carbonomonoxide concentration increases, and atmospheric environment is produced pollute, even cause burner and cause economic loss because of the anoxic auto extinguishing.(3) for different combustion gas, during every cubic metre combustion gas completing combustion, the flue gas cubic number of its generation is different.For example: during 1 cube of LPG completing combustion, about 31 cubes of the flue gas of generation.1 cube of pentane combustion gas then produces 39 cubes of flue gases.When fire tube vapour lock and blower fan exhaust air rate one regularly, just can't simple adjustment gas burner admission pressure, nozzle diameter and fire tube vapour lock, valve reach the adaptation that the gas kind is changed.(4) existing product has all been ignored the measure of steam further being strengthened behind the water generates steam intensification, makes steam in shell and before the gas outlet arrives usefulness gas tool, the reduction of Yin Wendu and liquefaction again is in the air water admixture.Greatly reduce the steam output, wasted fuel.(5) adopt many fire tubes to improve the heating surface area of water simply, make complex structure, the welding procedure difficulty.And, narrow and small pipeline space, the very difficult cleaning of the incrustation scale of Sheng Chenging has in use influenced thermal energy exchange.Product is poor to the conformability of water quality.(6) heating surface area that relies on multilayer fire tube or zigzag multiloop fire tube to increase water is very limited, and can cause overall structure weight to increase, and cost raises, the wasting of resources, and it is inconvenient to install.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of three-dimensional compound fire tube that adopts more reasonable structure, the heat energy utilization rate is higher, safe and reliable, energy-conserving and environment-protective, lower-cost atmospheric energy-saving pan shell type fast steam boiler.

Purpose of the present invention can reach by following measure: a kind of atmospheric energy-saving pan shell type fast steam boiler, comprise gas burner, shell, cistern assembly, fume collecting chamber, air exhauster, smoke exhaust pipe, steam outlet pipe, the shell bottom is the water-containing structure of a spill, gas burner is located in the water-containing structure of shell spill, fume collecting chamber is loaded on the shell top, the fume collecting chamber top is provided with air exhauster, air exhauster connects smoke exhaust pipe, it is characterized in that: the many compound fire tubes of three-dimensional are housed in shell, the lower end of three-dimensional compound fire tube communicates with the flame of gas burner, the upper end communicates with fume collecting chamber, the every compound fire tube of three-dimensional is all by outer tube, interior pipe is formed annular exhaust gases passes, have radial fin on the outer tube of three-dimensional compound fire tube, interior pipe two ends are respectively by following restricting orifice, last restricting orifice sealing-in, following restricting orifice, the external diameter of last restricting orifice also is connected with outer tube wall, have some spirality hot gas on the interior tubing string face to discharge orifice, be provided with the outer fin of pipe pipe in the full pipe that distributes simultaneously, cistern assembly is welded on the sidewall of shell, passes through the steam hole on the shell sidewall between cistern assembly and the shell, the high water level hole, the low water level hole communicates.

Purpose of the present invention can also reach by following measure: longer diversion section is left in the lower end at the outer tube of the compound fire tube of three-dimensional, be connected with the concave surface of shell spill water-containing structure, and communicate with the flame of gas burner, short exhanst gas outlet diffuser is left in the upper end of outer tube, the top is connected with the last end face of shell, and communicates with fume collecting chamber.Be equiped with moving restricting orifice and clamp nut on the top of last restricting orifice, can relatively rotate between last restricting orifice and the moving restricting orifice,, locate by clamp nut afterwards to regulate vapour lock with ventilation aperture identical with its ventilation aperture.In cistern assembly, be provided with continuous water inlet pipe, inlet valve, outlet pipe, and, be provided with drainpipe, on cistern assembly, also be provided with steam pressure temperature sensor Displaying Meter in the bottom of cistern assembly by the water level governor motion that lever, ball float are formed.Recess at shell spill water-containing structure is provided with drainpipe, and has flame-observing hole.Be provided with steam outlet pipe at the shell top, near steam outlet pipe, be provided with steam security valve.Shell top and external diameter are equipped with the heat-barrier material parcel.Be provided with lowest water level float inductive switch at cistern assembly by the place, bottom.

The present invention has following advantage compared to existing technology:

1, security.The present invention is the normal pressure pan shell type fast steam boiler, the scope of do not belong to the high-pressure boiler design, installing, operating, move, supervise.During use, be user installation to the doorstep by marketing company of combustion gas manufacturing enterprise, the user presses the products instruction operation and gets final product.The every safety index of product is measured by state home fuel gas burner inspection center.

2, energy saving.The present invention adopts the heat exchange and the evaporating principle of hot fluid aerodynamics and Engineering Thermodynamics.Identical shell space heat exchange area improves 5-6 doubly, and the identical capacity of steaming can be saved combustion gas 30-50%, and steam produces speed and improves 1 times than prior art.

3, the feature of environmental protection.Burning required air and fume emission can fully mate with the combustion gas kind, the ignition temperature height, and toxic emissions such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide all can reach national atmospheric environment I and II standard.Needn't use the air blast that power is big, noise is high combustion-supporting, the environment noiselessness is polluted.

4, economy.Purchase with mounting cost and compare, be approximately the 1/6-1/8 of steam boiler with the boiler of same capability; Then exceed 3-4 doubly with traditional steam stove contrast.But use energy-saving and environmental protection, the quick economic benefit of bringing, then complete recoverable investment in 3-6 month.

5, rational in infrastructure, good manufacturability.Serviceability supervision is perfect, volume is little, occupy little space, install and change the degree height fast and automatically.

6, reliability.Aerogenesis is quick, carbonated drink is separated totally, and steam production and steam temperature are constant, can not produce not enough the reaching of fault steam and stop working.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an internal structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structure vertical view of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 is that the A-A of Fig. 1 is to the structure cutaway view;

Fig. 4 is the structure cutaway view of three-dimensional compound fire tube;

Fig. 5 is that the B-B of Fig. 4 is to the structure cutaway view;

Fig. 6 is that the C-C of Fig. 5 is to the structure cutaway view;

Fig. 7 is that the D-D of Fig. 4 is to the structure cutaway view;

Fig. 8 is the A place enlarged drawing of Fig. 4.

The specific embodiment

The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing (embodiment):

With reference to Fig. 1～Fig. 8, the present invention includes several major parts such as gas burner 1, shell 2, cistern assembly 3, three-dimensional compound fire tube 4, fume collecting chamber 5, air exhauster 6, smoke exhaust pipe 7, steam outlet pipe 8.Cistern assembly 3 comprises continuous water inlet pipe 9, inlet valve 10, lever 11, ball float 12, outlet pipe 13, lowest water level float inductive switch 14, steam pressure temperature sensor Displaying Meter 17, drainpipe 19 etc.Three-dimensional compound fire tube 4 is integrated packages, it is a novel heat exchanger that integrates aerodynamics, molecular thermodynamics, Theory of Combustion, heat transfer theory and system's thermal balance structure, it by the outer tube 4-2 of band fin 4-1 and with ribbing 4-3 interior pipe 4-4 be combined into concentric column, form annular exhaust gases passes.Interior pipe 4-4 two ends are respectively by restricting orifice 4-5, upward restricting orifice 4-6 soldering and sealing down; The following restricting orifice 4-5 of ring-type, go up restricting orifice 4-6 external diameter also with outer tube 4-2 inwall spot welding fix.Have some hot vapour to discharge orifice 4-9 on the spirality cylinder of interior pipe 4-4.Process even distribution simultaneously and manage outer fin 4-3 entirely.Leave the concave surface welding of longer diversion section 4-10 and shell 2 spill water-containing structures in the lower end of outer tube 4-2; And communicate with the flame of gas burner 1; Short exhanst gas outlet diffuser 4-11 is left in the upper end of outer tube 4-2, and the last end face of Xiang Duanyu shell 2 connects, and communicates with fume collecting chamber 5.

In

shell

2,3/5ths the bottom of taking up space is a spill water-containing structure, and gas burner 1 flame that three-dimensional compound fire tube 4 is located in the recess communicates.Fume collecting chamber 5 tops are provided with air exhauster 6, and air exhauster 6 connects smoke exhaust pipe 7.Cistern assembly 3 is located at the sidewall of shell 2, and is integrally welded with the shell 2 of garden cylindricality, communicates by the steam hole 2-1 on shell 2 sidewalls, high water level hole 2-2, low water level hole 2-3 between them, makes shell 2 Lower Halves keep containing and carries water to be evaporated.Cold water enters shell 2 from cistern assembly 3 by the low water level hole 2-3 on the shell sidewall; When the water level of shell 2 during at 2-3 aperture, low water level hole horizontal plane, ball float 12 descends, and by connecting the lever 11 of ball float 12, opens inlet valve 10, and water just enters cistern assembly 3 from water inlet pipe 9, outlet pipe 13, and 2-3 enters shell 2 by the low water level hole; And when the water level in the shell 2 was raised to 2-2 aperture, high water level hole level, ball float 12 rose; Lever 11 is closed inlet valve 10, finishes the automatic water-supply supply.In order to prevent the fault that supplies water, make shell 2 dry combustion method occur, be provided with lowest water level float inductive switch 14 in the cistern assembly 3, when water level in the shell 2 is lower than 2-3 aperture, water level hole horizontal plane, the magnetic induction switch of float inductive switch 14 is switched on, and the signal of telecommunication is delivered to the IC integral control circuit 15 in the gas burner 1, makes the automatic disconnection of magnetic coil, the gas supply of burnt gas valve 16 interrupts, and makes the buzzer and the flash lamp that are contained on the shell send fault-signal simultaneously.

After gas burner 1 igniting, the flue gas inductive switch is just opened air exhauster 6 extraction waste gas automatically, ensures that the burning required air enters.Be provided with drainpipe 20 in shell 2 bottoms, be provided with drainpipe 19, without steam the time, residual water is discharged in cistern assembly 3 bottoms.User's operation has for convenience also been established flame-observing hole in the bottom of shell 2.When descending for balanced reservoir assembly 3 interior water levels, the negative pressure that cistern assembly 3 tops produce, influence enters the water velocity in the shell 2, have the steam hole 2-1 that communicates with steam on cistern assembly 3 sidewalls, and being provided with steam pressure temperature sensor Displaying Meter 17, the powerful high-temperature steam in the shell 2 enters cistern assembly 3 by steam hole 2-1, has not only solved the negative pressure that water level descends and forms in the cistern assembly 3, also preheating the cold water in the cistern assembly 3, make the water in the shell 2 reach evaporating temperature fast.Near shell 2 end face steam outlet pipes 8, also welded steam security valve 18; Shell 2 tops and shell external diameter be all with heat-barrier material 21 parcel, to improve the heat energy utilization rate and to scald when preventing to touch shell.

The operation principle of three-dimensional compound fire tube is as follows: the part of the fin 4-1 that is close to outer tube 4-2 is immersed in aqua regions to be evaporated in the shell 21, and another part is in Steam area.When the high-temperature flue gas of gas burner 1 diversion section that outer tube 4-2 plays stack effect of flowing through is quickened, pass through the homodisperse aperture 4-51 of restricting orifice 4-5 down again, enter the annular space that outer tube 4-2 and interior pipe 4-4 constitute, flue gas molecule near outer tube 4-2 limit wall is given outer tube 4-2 outside thermal energy transfer rapidly, almost is covered with the uniform fin 4-1 of full pipe racks helical pitch.Fin 4-1 has the corrugated curved surface, forms three dimensions.Adjacent three-dimensional compound fire tube, fin by about revolve layout, strengthen hydrone and steam exchange of kinetic energy.Fin is very thin, and only 0.5mm is heated soon, and it is also fast to conduct heat.And the annulus area that conducts heat is very big.After the hydrone of pressing close to fin 4-1 obtains kinetic energy, just in the curved surface generation three-dimensional motion of fin 4-1, kinetic energy is delivered to apart from the far away and lower hydrone of kinetic energy of fin, and the be filled with water hydrone in zone of (about 1 minute) shell 2 heats up rapidly and reaches evaporating temperature so at short notice.Just broken away from the water vapour that the tension force of water is evaporated,, met three-dimensional compound fire tube 4 top high temperature fin 4-1 again and further promoted steam temperature because the proportion minimizing moves upward.High-temperature vapour is transported in the steam apparatus way, though slightly cooling on the way, superheated steam has been avoided liquefaction again, and influence is used and energy loss.

When above-mentioned flue gas when annular flue flows, heat energy is passed to fin 4-1 and when lowering the temperature near the high-temperature flue gas molecule of outer tube 4-2 limit wall, but be subjected to the fin 4-3 obstruction of the even full pipe that distributes in interior pipe 4-4 surface near the high-temperature flue gas molecule of interior pipe 4-4, front at fin 4-3 forms zone of positive pressure, and produce eddy current at the back side of fin, become negative pressuren zone.Just under the promotion of pressure reduction, inwardly the negative pressuren zone of pipe 4-4 shifts the flue gas molecule of giving fin 4-1 thermal energy transfer rapidly, the heat energy that pipe 4-4 replenishes in regaining like this.The high-temperature flue gas molecule that is in zone of positive pressure then flows to outer tube 4-2 limit wall, flue gas molecule heat energy is passed to once again the fin 4-1 of outer tube 4-2.Fin 4-1 is then thermal energy conduction feedwater and water vapour.So, just form numerous small thermal cycle, strengthened the flue gas thermo-molecular and exchanged in three-dimensional thermal convection current.According to surveying and determination, the interior pipe 4-4 of a 4-3 only with ribbing compares with smooth interior pipe, can improve heat-exchange capacity more than 30%.Be fully used by air heat energy in the interior pipe 4-4 of restricting orifice 4-5 and upward restricting orifice 4-6 sealing down in order to allow, the cylindrical outer wall spirality of interior pipe 4-4 opened aperture 4-9, make the ring smoke of outer tube 4-2 and interior pipe 4-4 produce strong swirling eddy, convective heat exchange heating working medium by the 4-9 hole.

For exhaust gas temperature is dropped to rational temperature, installed moving restricting orifice 4-7 and the clamp nut 4-8 that has with identical ventilation aperture, its ventilation aperture additional at the upside of last restricting orifice 4-6.When restricting orifice 4-6 overlapped fully with moving restricting orifice 4-7 aperture on fixing, the vapour lock minimum of smoke evacuation when orifice plate aperture has dislocation, then obtained different vapour locks by the size of dislocation.Regulate suitable after, fastening with nut 4-8.Waste gas discharge capacity to different combustion gas requires also can regulate by this method the vapour lock size and guarantees that burner has enough air to enter, and reaches energy-saving and environmental protection, is suitable for the effect of combustion gas.

Claims

1. atmospheric energy-saving pan shell type fast steam boiler, comprise gas burner (1), shell (2), cistern assembly (3), fume collecting chamber (5), air exhauster (6), smoke exhaust pipe (7), steam outlet pipe (8), shell (2) bottom is the water-containing structure of a spill, gas burner (1) is located in the water-containing structure of shell (2) spill, fume collecting chamber (5) is loaded on shell (2) top, fume collecting chamber (5) top is provided with air exhauster (6), air exhauster (6) connects smoke exhaust pipe (7), it is characterized in that: the many compound fire tubes of three-dimensional (4) are housed in shell (2), the lower end of three-dimensional compound fire tube (4) communicates with the flame of gas burner (1), the upper end communicates with fume collecting chamber (5), the every compound fire tube of three-dimensional (4) is all by outer tube (4-2), interior pipe (4-4) is formed annular exhaust gases passes, have radial fin (4-1) on the outer tube (4-2) of three-dimensional compound fire tube (4), interior pipe (4-4) two ends are respectively by following restricting orifice (4-5), last restricting orifice (4-6) sealing-in, following restricting orifice (4-5), the external diameter of last restricting orifice (4-6) also is connected with outer tube (4-2) inwall, have some spirality hot gas to discharge orifice (4-9) on interior pipe (4-4) cylinder, be provided with the outer fin (4-3) of pipe pipe in the full pipe that distributes simultaneously, cistern assembly (3) is welded on the sidewall of shell (2), passes through the steam hole (2-1) on shell (2) sidewall between cistern assembly (3) and the shell (2), high water level hole (2-2), (2-3) communicates in the low water level hole.

2. a kind of atmospheric energy-saving pan shell type fast steam boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: longer diversion section (4-10) is left in the lower end at the outer tube (4-2) of the compound fire tube of three-dimensional (4), be connected with the concave surface of shell (2) spill water-containing structure, and communicate with the flame of gas burner (1), short exhanst gas outlet diffuser (4-11) is left in the upper end of outer tube (4-2), the top is connected with the last end face of shell (2), and communicates with fume collecting chamber (5).

3. a kind of atmospheric energy-saving pan shell type fast steam boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be equiped with moving restricting orifice (4-7) and clamp nut (4-8) on the top of last restricting orifice (4-6) with ventilation aperture identical with its ventilation aperture, can relatively rotate between last restricting orifice (4-6) and the moving restricting orifice (4-7), to regulate vapour lock, locate by clamp nut (4-8) afterwards.

4. a kind of atmospheric energy-saving pan shell type fast steam boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in cistern assembly (3), be provided with continuous water inlet pipe (9), inlet valve (10), outlet pipe (13), and the water level governor motion of forming by lever (11), ball float (12), be provided with drainpipe (19) in the bottom of cistern assembly (3), on cistern assembly (3), also be provided with steam pressure temperature sensor Displaying Meter (17).

5. a kind of atmospheric energy-saving pan shell type fast steam boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the recess at shell (2) spill water-containing structure is provided with drainpipe (20), and has flame-observing hole.

6. a kind of atmospheric energy-saving pan shell type fast steam boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with steam outlet pipe (8) at shell (2) top, be provided with steam security valve (18) near steam outlet pipe (8).

7. a kind of atmospheric energy-saving pan shell type fast steam boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: shell (2) top and external diameter are equipped with heat-barrier material (21) parcel.

8. a kind of atmospheric energy-saving pan shell type fast steam boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with lowest water level float inductive switch (14) at cistern assembly (3) by the place, bottom.