Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a liquid discharge system and a rectifying tower using the same. The liquid discharge system can completely replace manual operation, and can carry out AND gate logic control according to the temperature and the liquid level height of the liquid to be controlled, and automatically complete the discharge of the specified amount of the liquid. The system has low cost, high efficiency and good safety, and greatly lightens the labor intensity of post personnel. The liquid discharge system can be used in the kettle liquid discharge system of equipment such as a rectifying tower and the like, replaces manual operation and control, and realizes automatic and quantitative discharge of kettle liquid such as the rectifying tower and the like under the conditions of low cost, high efficiency, humanization and safety.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problem of the liquid discharge system is as follows: designing a liquid discharge system, which is characterized in that the system is composed of an AND gate logic control system composed of two physical parameters of liquid temperature and liquid level: the liquid level meter comprises a glass tube liquid level meter internally provided with a blackbody, an electric contact thermometer, a liquid discharge electromagnetic valve, an AND gate logic control circuit comprising an upper liquid level limiting photoelectric component, a lower liquid level limiting photoelectric component and six wiring terminals; the glass tube liquid level meter and the controlled tower kettle form a communicating device, and a black body arranged in the communicating device can float on the communicated liquid in the glass tube of the liquid level meter and move up and down along with the change of the liquid level; the upper liquid level limiting photoelectric assembly and the lower liquid level limiting photoelectric assembly respectively comprise a photosensitive diode and an irradiation light source bead, wherein the photosensitive diode and the irradiation light source bead respectively form four connecting terminals and are connected with four terminals of an AND gate logic control circuit; the photosensitive diode and the irradiation light source bulbs are respectively arranged at two sides of the glass tube liquid level meter, and the installation heights of the upper liquid level limiting photoelectric assembly and the lower liquid level limiting photoelectric assembly are respectively the height of the liquid level which needs to be discharged and the height which stops discharging; and the other two terminals of the AND gate logic circuit are connected with the electric contact thermometer and the driving power supply of the liquid discharge electromagnetic valve respectively.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problem of the rectifying tower is as follows: a rectifying tower is designed, and is characterized in that the rectifying tower adopts the liquid discharge system as a kettle liquid discharge system.
Compared with the prior art, after the liquid discharge system is used, the liquid discharge system can judge whether a valve is opened to discharge kettle liquid or not and close a kettle liquid discharge electromagnetic valve by manually observing a temperature and liquid level instrument on duty, and a plurality of subjective judgment and manual control links for controlling discharge are completely replaced by a liquid discharge AND gate logic circuit control system constructed by general components. The liquid discharge system has the advantages of accurate control, reliable work, no influence of human factors of on-duty personnel, low cost, improved efficiency, reduced labor intensity and good safety; compared with a computer-controlled liquid automatic discharge system, the liquid automatic discharge system has the same working performance, greatly reduces the price (the liquid discharge system designed by the embodiment of the invention is only about 5 percent of the price of an intelligent instrument), has a simple structure, is very convenient to adjust the liquid temperature and the liquid level parameters, has no special requirements on the technical level of post personnel, and is very easy to industrially and practically popularize and apply.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and figures, which are not intended to limit the claims:
the invention relates to a liquid discharge system (hereinafter referred to as a discharge system, see fig. 1-7), which mainly comprises an electric contact thermometer 2, a liquid discharge electromagnetic valve 3, a glass tube liquid level meter 4, and upper and lower liquid level limiting photoelectric components 5 and 7. The electric contact thermometer 2 and the upper and lower liquid level limiting photoelectric components 5 and 7 are used as sensing components and are connected with relevant terminals in the control box according to an AND logic circuit to form an AND logic control system. The logical control system of the AND gate is an automatic control system which can generate liquid discharge working signal output when the preset temperature signal output and the liquid level height signal are simultaneously met.
In the discharge system of the invention, a glass tube liquid level meter 4 (hereinafter referred to as a liquid level meter, see fig. 1 and 2) and a controlled tower kettle 1 form a communicator, namely, the liquid level in the glass tube of the liquid level meter 4 is always consistent with the liquid level in the controlled tower kettle 1, or the liquid level in the glass tube of the liquid level meter 4 represents the liquid level in the controlled tower kettle 1. A blackbody 6 is arranged in the liquid level meter 4, or the blackbody 6 is arranged in a glass tube of the conventional liquid level meter 4, and the blackbody 6 can float on the liquid in the glass tube of the liquid level meter 4 and move up and down along with the liquid level communicated in the glass tube. The "black body" 6 is a low density non-metallic material to ensure that it is insoluble in the controlled liquid and always floats on it. The embodiment of the invention adopts a low-density polyvinyl chloride material.
According to the process requirement, the upper and lower liquid level limiting photoelectric components 5 and 7 are respectively arranged at the upper and lower limit positions of the controlled liquid level, which need to be discharged and stop discharging, so as to transmit the height instruction signal of the controlled liquid level. The leading-out terminals b and c of the photodiode 51 (diode for short) and the light source bulb 52 (bulb for short) of the upper liquid level limiting photoelectric component 5 are respectively connected with the corresponding terminals b 'and c' on the wiring board 8. The terminal b of the diode 51 provides an on/off trigger signal for the start of the kettle liquid discharge circuit (see fig. 4 and 5), and the function of the terminal b is to provide a liquid discharge instruction; the terminal c of the bead 52 provides the operating light source for the photodiode. The leading terminals d and e of the diode 71 and the bead 72 of the lower liquid level limiting photoelectric assembly 7 are respectively connected with the corresponding terminals d 'and e' on the wiring board 8, and the working principle of the diode 71 is the same as that of the diode 51, but the function is opposite, namely, the diode provides a liquid discharge stopping command.
The sensing component mounted on the liquid level meter 4 is connected with the corresponding terminal mounted on the control box terminal board 8 (hereinafter referred to as terminal board) as follows (see fig. 3): the electric contact thermometer 2 (i.e. DWJ in fig. 4) is connected with the a' terminal on the wiring board 8 in the and logic circuit, and is used for providing a control signal for the and logic circuit, namely, the logic control circuit can be started only when the temperature of the liquid in the tower kettle 1 reaches a set value, otherwise, the control circuit is in a disconnected state.
The logic circuit of the AND gate of the invention is installed in the circuit control box (see figure 3), and 6 groups of wiring terminals are led out from the wiring board 8, which are respectively denoted by a '-f'. Wherein,
the a' terminal is connected with a connecting terminal a of the electric contact thermometer 2;
the terminals b 'and c' are respectively connected with the diode 51 and the electric bead 52 of the upper liquid level limiting photoelectric component 5;
the terminals d 'and e' are respectively terminals connected with the diode 71 and the electric bead 72 of the lower liquid level limiting photoelectric assembly 7;
the f' terminal is connected with a driving power supply wiring terminal f of the liquid discharge electromagnetic valve 3.
The drainage electric control valve 3, namely a DFC component in an AND gate logic circuit (shown in figure 4), is connected with a terminal f' of a wiring board 8 to obtain a driving power supply for the drainage electric control valve 3 which is started or closed;
the invention is further characterized in that the upper and lower photoelectric liquid level sensing assemblies 5, 7 are respectively provided with upper and lower adjusting mechanisms 11, 12 which can be adjusted and locked up and down along the glass tube liquid level meter 4. The upper photoelectric liquid level sensing assembly 5 and the lower photoelectric liquid level sensing assembly 7 can respectively move up and down along the glass tube liquid level meter 4 through an upper adjusting mechanism 11 and a lower adjusting mechanism 12, and the height is adjusted to adapt to different process requirements. Once the upper and lower limit position height settings for liquid discharge have been adjusted, the upper and lower electro-optical liquid level sensing assemblies 5 and 7, respectively, can be locked by the adjustment mechanisms 11, 12. Obviously, the height adjustment of the upper and lower photoelectric liquid level sensing assemblies 5 and 7 does not affect the structure of the liquid level meter 4 and the communication device of the tower kettle 1. The upper and lower adjusting mechanisms 11 and 12 are in the prior art, have no special requirements on structural forms, and are simple and practical.
The invention relates to an ' AND ' gate ' logic control circuit which is skillfully designed and consists of two non-electric quantity parameters of liquid level and temperature, which is a key technology of the automatic control system for liquid discharge. After the liquid level and the liquid temperature are set according to the technological requirements, the liquid level is measured and is finished by a liquid level meter 4 and a related circuit thereof; the temperature measurement is completed by the electric thermometer 2 and the related circuit thereof, namely, the liquid discharge can be automatically completed after the core data of the automatic control system is actually obtained. When the temperature reaches a set value and the liquid level reaches an upper limit position, the AND gate logic control circuit sends out a liquid discharge instruction, and the discharge operation starts; when the liquid level drops to the lower limit position, the AND gate logic control circuit sends out a command of stopping discharging the liquid, and the discharging operation is stopped.
The working principle and the control process of the AND gate logic control circuit of the invention are as follows (see FIGS. 4 to 7):
the black body 6 (thick black line segment in fig. 5 and 6) can move up and down in the glass tube of the liquid level meter along with the rise and fall of the liquid level. When "black body" 6 blocks the illumination of diode 51(GD1) from bead 52(DZ1), relay C2.1 is immediately de-energized and the normally closed contact C2.2 connected thereto is momentarily closed (see fig. 4). If the temperature of the kettle liquid reaches the set value, the electric contact thermometer 2(DWJ) is in a closed state, the kettle liquid discharge starting circuit is immediately electrified, and the kettle liquid discharge operation is started; if the temperature of the kettle liquid does not reach the set value, the electric contact thermometer 2 is in an off state, the circuit is cut off, and the kettle liquid discharge operation cannot be carried out (see fig. 4). As the liquid level drops, relay C4.1 is immediately de-energized when said "black body" 6 moves to the lower extreme position (see fig. 7), i.e. between the bead 72(DZ2) and the diode 71(GD2) of the lower level photovoltaic module 7, when the "black body" 6 completely blocks the diode 71 from the illumination of bead 72. The normally closed contact C4.2 of the relay C4.1 is immediately closed (see fig. 6), the circuit is immediately energized, and the relay C3.1 is energized. The normally closed contact C3.2 (see fig. 4) which is connected in the starting kettle liquid drain circuit will be immediately opened, the kettle liquid drain starting circuit will be immediately de-energized, and the kettle liquid drain operation will be immediately stopped. Thereby realizing the automatic discharge and control of the liquid level of the tower kettle.
The working principle and the process of the liquid discharge system are as follows: first, a power switch K (see fig. 3) of the system is turned on, an indicator light Z of a circuit control box emits light, and the logic control system of an AND gate enters a standby working state. The "black body" 6 in the liquid level meter 4 moves up and down in the glass tube as the liquid level rises and falls. When the liquid level rises to enable the blackbody 6 to completely shield the illumination of the diode 51 of the upper liquid level limiting photoelectric component 5, the diode 51 which is always illuminated by the light source changes state instantly, the control circuit where the diode is located is provided with information that the liquid level reaches the limiting position, a non-electric quantity signal of the liquid level change is converted into an electric quantity signal, and the AND logic control circuit sends a corresponding working instruction. If the temperature has reached the set value for the discharge liquid, the system will automatically activate the liquid discharge solenoid valve 3 and the discharge operation will begin. After the drainage begins, the liquid level drops immediately, and the blackbody moves downwards along with the liquid level. When the blackbody moves to the lower liquid level limit position, the illumination of the diode light 71 which is always irradiated by the light source bulb 72 disappears instantly, the circuit where the blackbody is located changes the state along with the illumination, and the non-electric quantity signal of the liquid level change is converted into an electric quantity signal, so that the AND gate logic control circuit sends out a corresponding working instruction, the instruction discharge electromagnetic valve 3 is immediately closed, and the liquid discharge operation is stopped. After that, the liquid level starts to rise again, the blackbody moves upwards along with the liquid level, and the system starts the next cycle of work, namely, the liquid temperature is repeatedly checked, the liquid level is tested, and whether the discharge or the stop of the controlled liquid is required to be automatically and logically judged.
No matter what height and value the controlled liquid level is, as long as the temperature is lower than the set value, the contact of the electric contact thermometer 2 is in an open state (DWJ state shown in fig. 4), and the discharge starting circuit of the controlled liquid is in a power-off state, namely, the liquid discharge operation is in a stop state. When the temperature of the controlled liquid reaches the value set by the process and the liquid level of the tower kettle also reaches the set upper limit position, the two physical quantities of the AND gate logic circuit meet the requirements, so that the kettle liquid discharge circuit is started to be opened, and the liquid discharge operation is started; if the liquid level does not reach the set value, the AND gate logic circuit only has one physical quantity input and cannot meet the starting condition of the logic circuit, the kettle liquid discharge circuit cannot be started, and the liquid discharge operation cannot be carried out.
The invention is applicable to the prior art without any description.
The liquid discharge system can be applied to any liquid discharge equipment needing double-parameter control, and can be directly manufactured or manually operated and modified into a rectifying tower with automatic liquid discharge. As an embodiment, the liquid discharge system can be installed in a still liquid discharge system of the conventional manually controlled rectifying tower to replace manual control and transform the system into an automatic discharge rectifying tower, and can also be directly adopted to manufacture the automatic discharge rectifying tower when the rectifying tower is manufactured. The rectification tower bottom liquid discharge operation has great relation with two parameters of liquid level and liquid temperature. When the liquid level reaches the standard and the liquid temperature does not reach a set value, the kettle liquid is discharged, the recovery rate is greatly reduced and the environmental protection discharge index is seriously exceeded; the liquid temperature and the liquid level both reach the standard, and the liquid level exceeds the standard due to no discharge of the kettle liquid, so that the operation of the rectifying tower is abnormal. When and how much the bottoms are discharged, which is the amount of discharge? The personnel who lean on the post continuously patrol and examine two parameters of temperature and liquid level, make the judgement according to the size of parameter, whether arrange the cauldron liquid, if discharge, the liquid level drops to where then stops discharging etc.? The device is influenced by various non-technical factors such as working attitude, emotion, experience and physical (fatigue) state of the on-duty personnel, and has low controllability, high labor intensity and many potential safety hazards. The logical control system of the liquid discharge AND gate can accurately, timely and reliably detect two parameters of liquid temperature and liquid level, accurately send out an instruction whether kettle liquid needs to be discharged or not and stop, and automatically finish the discharge operation. In the operation of discharging the distillation tower bottom liquid, the continuous and repeated labor of the personnel on duty can be completely replaced. In the scope of the applicant's knowledge, no document is reported about the adoption of an AND gate logic control system to replace manual operation and automatically complete the distillation tower bottom liquid discharge.