CN100558450C - A kind of fume desulphurization method and device - Google Patents
A kind of fume desulphurization method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN100558450C CN100558450C CNB2006100472794A CN200610047279A CN100558450C CN 100558450 C CN100558450 C CN 100558450C CN B2006100472794 A CNB2006100472794 A CN B2006100472794A CN 200610047279 A CN200610047279 A CN 200610047279A CN 100558450 C CN100558450 C CN 100558450C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of fume desulphurization method and device, particularly regeneration fume from catalytic cracking sulfur method and device.Fume desulphurization method of the present invention is that original device fume emission pipeline is transformed into spray equipment, makes flue gas that desulphurization reaction take place in discharging process, reaches the purpose of desulfurization and dedusting.Its advantage is that the device of this technology both can be realized desulfurization and dedusting, is again the passage of fume emission, is that a kind of occupation of land is few, low investment, the sulfur method that efficient is high.The inventive method and device go for various flue gas desulfurization courses.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fume desulphurization method and device, particularly the technology of catalytic cracking flue gas desulfurization and device.
Background technology
Flue gas desulfurization is mainly used in the industrial process of various generation sulphur-containing exhaust gas, as coal-burning boiler etc.The raw material of oil refining industry catalytic cracking unit is mixed refining part reduced crude (AR), decompression residuum (VR), wax tailings (CGO), solvent-deasphalted oils (DAO) and their mixed material oil still based on straight-run gas oil (VGO).Along with the increase of sulfur content in crude oil, and the increasingly stringent of environmental regulation, catalytic cracking unit ubiquity SO
2Concentration of emission exceeds standard or exists SO simultaneously
2The rate of discharge problem that exceeds standard.5%～10% of institute's sulfur-bearing is deposited in the coke of reclaimable catalyst in the catalytic cracking unit raw material.In catalytic cracking regenerator, the sulphur on the coke has 90% to be oxidized to SO approximately
2, all the other are oxidized to SO
3,, must administer in order to control its pollution to atmosphere.
The equipment that the catalytic cracking flue gas desulfur technology adopts mainly comprises spray column, packed tower, Venturi scrubber etc., and these equipment need take bigger space, and equipment cost and running cost are higher.
Exxon company adopts wet type flue gas washing method, and the key equipment of this device is a Venturi scrubber, and gas-liquid two-phase mixes contact, mass transfer at this, enters knockout drum then and carries out two and be separated, and reaches the purpose of desulfurization, dedusting.Gas phase is discharged from tank deck, and the fluid reservoir groove recycled at the bottom of liquid phase was returned jar.The shortcoming of this technology is that the desulfurizing agent expense is higher, and floor space is bigger, and investment and operating cost are higher.
Seawer washing flue gas desulfurization is based on seawater and contains sodium acid carbonate, and it is gentle to ability to have natural alkalescence; SO in the flue gas
2After Absorption by Sea Water, can be converted into sulfate ion, be a kind of natural constituents of seawater.Come the flue gas of catalytic cracking at first to enter electrostatic precipitator, remove catalyst dust, then in packed tower with the desulfurization of seawater counter current contacting, seawater once passes through, SO
2Clearance is up to 98.8%.This technology is simple, owing to do not consume reagent, operating cost is cheap.But be subjected to the region factor affecting bigger.Be not suitable for large-scale promotion application.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art and defective, the invention provides a kind of new sulfur method of catalytic cracking flue gas efficiently and device, the inventive method and plant area area are little, invest lower.
Fume desulphurization method of the present invention comprises following content, and flue gas enters flue gas desulphurization system after discharging from generating means, and the flue gas after the desulfurization enters atmosphere.Wherein flue gas desulphurization system mainly comprises absorbent preparation and induction system, flue gas purification system and demister.Described flue gas purification system comprises a duct type clarifier, the classified spraying structure is set in the duct type clarifier, the gas approach place is the first order, the spray liquid of each grade comes from collection liquid behind the upper level spray cleaning, and (that is: the spray liquid of the first order comes from the collection liquid behind the spray cleaning of the second level, partial spray liquid comes from the collection liquid of third level spray cleaning, and the like), the spray liquid of afterbody comes from the mixed liquor that replenishes absorption liquid or additional absorption liquid and part first order spray liquid.2～10 grades of spray structures specifically can be set, and the duct type clarifier can also can vertically be provided with for being horizontally disposed with, or is horizontally disposed with vertical setting and combines.Wherein at horizontal pipe position gas liquid cross-flow suction type, the vertical pipe position is gas-liquid counter current or following current suction type.
Above-mentioned duct type clarifier is a core structure, and its cross section can be various suitable shape, as square, circular, oval, polygon etc.The clarifier inner top is provided with spray structure, and the clarifier inner bottom part is provided with the uncovered collecting tank of mutual isolation, and collecting tank is corresponding with the spray structure position, constitutes each grade absorption chamber of clarifier.Spray structure of each grade and collecting tank and induction system link.In the collecting tank agitating device can be set.The gaseous stream of vertically disposed clarifier and horizontally disposed clarifier and liquid phase stream pipeline etc. can design according to this area general knowledge.
Flue gas desulfurization technique of the present invention adopts flue gas purifying equipment simple in structure, main desulphurization plant is designed to the duct type structure, and desulphurization plant also is the passage of fume emission simultaneously, can effectively reduce unit scale, floor space is little, is specially adapted to the transformation of existing apparatus.Flue gas desulfurization technique of the present invention uses by the classification of spray liquid by multi-stage spray, not only can improve the utilization rate of desulfurization absorption liquid, can also improve desulfuration efficiency greatly.Flue gas desulfurization technique of the present invention goes for various flue gas desulfurization courses, is specially adapted to the catalytic cracking flue gas sweetening process.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of concrete process flow diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Flue gas desulfurization technique of the present invention utilizes the position of the pipeline of original fume emission, do not take up an area of in addition, may need to adjust up or down the space, sweetening process is divided into 2～10 grades, the gas approach place is the first order, along with the propelling of flue gas in device, rank increases gradually, reaches the purpose of desulfurization and dedusting when so just can reach the discharging flue gas.
Flue gas desulphurization system mainly comprises absorbent preparation and induction system, flue gas purification system and demister.Preparation of described absorbent and induction system mainly by the alkali lye pond, send stock pump and circulating pump to form.
The progression that the present invention can determine desulfurization according to the flow and the concentration of flue gas, to be the regenerated flue gas that will discharge in the catalytic cracking unit enter one-level from the inlet of flue gas purification system to the sulfur method that adopts above-mentioned desulphurization system Pyatyi absorbs, and the desulfurizer slurry in the alkali lye pond is sent into the level V absorption chamber by the slurries delivery pump and sprayed.The material of level V absorption chamber bottom collecting tank is squeezed into fourth stage absorption chamber top by circulating pump and is sprayed.The material of fourth stage absorption chamber bottom collecting tank is squeezed into third level absorption chamber top by circulating pump and is sprayed.The material of third level absorption chamber bottom collecting tank is squeezed into absorption chamber top, the second level by circulating pump and is sprayed.The material of absorption chamber bottom, second level collecting tank is squeezed into first order absorption chamber top by circulating pump and is sprayed, desulfurizer slurry sprays from the top down, the flue gas level is by the desulfurizer slurry water curtain, form the desulfurization reaction zone of the mixing of gas-liquid height, mass transfer, heat transfer, drain into chimney by exhanst gas outlet through the purification flue gas after one-level following current, three grades of cross-flow desulfurization and the stage countercurrent absorption.The bottom tank that the slurries of desulphurization reaction flow downward and fall into spray equipment with the dust fine grained that removes, the sulphite part of generation recycles as absorption liquid, and a part is discharged as the harmless aqueous solution after air oxidation.This device gas-liquid contact area is big, and the absorption reaction of gas is good, and the pressure loss is little, and is applicable to big capacity flue gas processing.
Install a soda acid adjusting device additional at every grade of absorption chamber, this adjusting device chamber is made up of acid-base value monitoring device and flow regulator, the acid-base value section of reaction zones at different levels regulates according to the variation of actual load, and its control method is that the quantity delivered by the desulfurizer slurry of carrying automatically adjusts.
The selection of desulfurizing agent in the flue gas desulfurization technique, and concrete Selection of technological conditions can be determined by this area general knowledge according to the sulfur content and the discharge standard of flue gas.Desulfurizing agent can use solution, also can use slurries.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages: this system is transforming original fume emission pipeline as smoke eliminator, do not take up an area of in addition, and compact conformation, multistage desulfurization adsorption system can effectively prolong SO
2Improved desulfuration efficiency greatly with the reaction time of desulfurizer slurry, desulfurized effect can reach more than 95%; This system can regulate the pH of desulfurizer slurry according to actual industrial and mineral simultaneously, makes SO
2All the time be in the best desulfurization environment, help the desulfurization of flue gas.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing (this figure is a Pyatyi desulfurization adsorption system), specify principle of the present invention, technical process and preferred forms.
This technology is mainly by absorbent preparation and induction system, flue gas purification system is formed, preparation of described adsorbent and induction system by alkali lye pond 11, send stock pump 12 and four circulating pumps 13 to form, described flue gas purification system comprises absorption chamber, spray system, pH value regulator, smoke inlet, exhanst gas outlet and demister composition.
The sulfur method of said system and concrete technology are as follows: the flue gas of catalytic cracking regenerator 8 enters the first order adsorption chamber 7 of desulfurizing and purifying system from the cleaning system inlet, flue gas in discharge process through the adsorption chamber of 5 grades of different pH values, by reacting, with SO with desulfurizing agent
2Efficiently remove, generate sulphite and part of sulfuric acid salt.Desulfurizing agent is squeezed into absorption chambers at different levels by delivery pump 12 and circulating pump group 13 respectively, and spray forms following current, cross-flow and adverse current state with flue gas in cleaning system from the top down, forms the high-efficiency desulfurization reaction zone of the mixing of gas-liquid height, mass transfer, heat transfer.Flue gas can also flush away part dust fine grained in discharging process.Flue gas after the desulfurization enters demister 2 from the exhanst gas outlet eliminating, can remove moisture and thin ash simultaneously.Slurries behind the desulphurization reaction generate the sulfate solution qualified discharge after peroxidating.
Its specific practice is: the desulfurizing agent 9 and the water 10 of certain particle size are sent in the alkali lye pond 11, stir the back and be delivered to level V adsorption chamber 3 by delivery pump 12, spray downwards by spray equipment, the slurries of this adsorption chamber bottom are gone into fourth stage adsorption chamber 4 by circulating pump group 13, spray downwards by spray equipment, the slurries of this adsorption chamber bottom are gone into third level adsorption chamber 5 by circulating pump group 13, spray downwards by spray equipment, the slurries of this adsorption chamber bottom are gone into second level adsorption chamber 6 by circulating pump group 13, spray downwards by spray equipment, the slurries of this adsorption chamber bottom are gone into first order adsorption chamber 7 by circulating pump group 13, spray downwards by spray equipment.The sprayed slurry of Pyatyi adsorption chamber contacts with the flue gas that passes through desulphurization reaction, the SO in exhaust gas volumn and flue gas takes place
2When concentration changes, can reach best desulfurization environment by the input quantity of soda acid monitoring device control desulfurization slurry.Cleaning flue gases after the purification is disposed to chimney 1 after dewatering by demister 2.Slurries part after the first order desulfurization is returned alkali lye pond 11 by circulating pump 14 and is recycled, and remainder is handled directly discharging of back by oxidation pond 15.
Certain regeneration fume from catalytic cracking, SO
2Content is 2400mg/Nm
3Adopt sulfur removal technology of the present invention and device.Absorbent is magnesia unslacked slurries (solids content is 10wt%), and magnesium oxide concentration 4% adopts the Pyatyi sprinkling equipment, and the spray liquid-gas ratio in every grade is 5L/M
3The absorption liquid of first order discharging enters oxidation trough and handles, and the absorption liquid part after the oxidation recycles, and a part is removed solid-liquid separation system.The total residence time of flue gas in cleaning equipment is 7 seconds.Flue gas desulphuization rate reaches 96.7%.
Embodiment 2
Certain regeneration fume from catalytic cracking, SO
2Content is 1900mg/Nm
3Adopt sulfur removal technology of the present invention and device.Absorbent is a sodium hydroxide solution, solids content 8%, and free alkali 2% adopts three grades of sprinkling equipments, and the spray liquid-gas ratio in every grade is 6L/M
3First order absorption liquid partly recycles, and a part is discharged after entering the oxidation trough oxidation.The total residence time of flue gas in cleaning equipment is 5 seconds.Flue gas desulphuization rate reaches 89%.
Embodiment 3
Certain fire coal boiler fume, SO
2Content is 2000mg/Nm
3Adopt sulfur removal technology of the present invention and device.Absorbent is magnesia unslacked slurries (solids content is 7wt%), and magnesium oxide concentration 2% adopts the Pyatyi sprinkling equipment, and the spray liquid-gas ratio in every grade is 10L/M
3The absorption liquid of first order discharging enters oxidation trough and handles, and the absorption liquid part after the oxidation recycles, and a part is removed solid-liquid separation system.The total residence time of flue gas in cleaning equipment is 5 seconds.Flue gas desulphuization rate reaches 95%.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of fume desulphurization method comprises following content, and flue gas enters flue gas desulphurization system after discharging from generating means, and the flue gas after the desulfurization enters atmosphere; Wherein flue gas desulphurization system comprises absorbent preparation and induction system, flue gas purification system and demister; It is characterized in that described flue gas purification system comprises a duct type clarifier, the classified spraying structure is set in the duct type clarifier, the gas approach place is the first order, the spray liquid of each grade comes from the collection liquid behind the upper level spray cleaning, and the spray liquid of afterbody comes from the mixed liquor that replenishes absorption liquid or additional absorption liquid and part first order spray liquid; Described duct type clarifier is a core structure, and the clarifier inner top is provided with spray structure, and the clarifier inner bottom part is provided with the uncovered collecting tank of mutual isolation, and collecting tank is corresponding with the spray structure position, constitutes each grade absorption chamber of clarifier; The duct type clarifier is horizontally disposed with, or is horizontally disposed with vertical setting and combines.
2, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described classified spraying structure is set to 2～10 grades.
3, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described flue gas is the regenerated flue gas of catalytic cracking unit.
4, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described demister adopts eddy flow plate demister.
5, in accordance with the method for claim 1, the cross sectional shape that it is characterized in that the core structure of described duct type clarifier is square, circular, ellipse or polygon.
6, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that the spray structure of each grade of described duct type clarifier and collecting tank and induction system link.
7, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that in the collecting tank of described duct type clarifier agitating device being set.
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| CNB2006100472794A CN100558450C (en) | 2006-07-21 | 2006-07-21 | A kind of fume desulphurization method and device |
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| CNB2006100472794A CN100558450C (en) | 2006-07-21 | 2006-07-21 | A kind of fume desulphurization method and device |
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| CN103585867B (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2016-05-11 | 天津大学 | A kind of flue gas desulfurization and denitration method and device |
| CN103785277B (en) * | 2014-02-07 | 2015-03-18 | 南京大学 | Process for cleaning flue gases by utilizing alkali resources in slag |
| CN107213785B (en) | 2017-05-25 | 2020-08-07 | 江苏新世纪江南环保股份有限公司 | Method and device for denitration, desulfurization and dust removal of FCC (fluid catalytic cracking) tail gas by ammonia process |
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