CN100555800C - Electric machine end ring material and with the method for this material electric machine end ring - Google Patents
Electric machine end ring material and with the method for this material electric machine end ring Download PDFInfo
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- CN100555800C CN100555800C CNB2007100202959A CN200710020295A CN100555800C CN 100555800 C CN100555800 C CN 100555800C CN B2007100202959 A CNB2007100202959 A CN B2007100202959A CN 200710020295 A CN200710020295 A CN 200710020295A CN 100555800 C CN100555800 C CN 100555800C
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Abstract
A kind of electric machine end ring material and with the method for this material electric machine end ring belongs to the new material technology field of motor.It is with tough cathode, chromium powder, zirconium powder as main material, as oxygen scavenger, main material is by weight percentage with magnesium: tough cathode 99-99.47%, chromium powder 0.4-0.8%, zirconium powder 0.08-0.20%; Oxygen scavenger is by weight percentage: magnesium 0.05-0.10%.Advantage: material choice is reasonable; Method step is simple, the hardness of resulting electric machine end ring reaches 75-78HRB, conductance and reaches 44-46MS/m, softening temperature minimum and reach that 600-620 ℃, tensile strength reach 410-430MPa, yield strength reaches 310-340MPa, elongation 15-18%, tiny evenly, the average grain diameter≤200 μ m of metallographic structure, thereby can avoid effectively that end ring the material grains chap time occurs in welding, mechanical strength reduces, ruptures and avoid the heating after the motor long-time continuous runs up, satisfy of the every mechanical and physical performance requirement of railway high speed motor end ring.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric machine end ring material and with the method for this material electric machine end ring, more particularly be that a kind of material that the end ring of railway high speed traction electric machine is used is selected and with the method for selected material end ring, belonged to the new material technology field of motor.
Background technology
The employed material of end ring of conventional railway high speed traction electric machine is that fine copper is made, though it is the big shortcoming of one that the electric machine end ring made from fine copper does not have hardness, but because it has good motor performance, index is: therefore conductance (MS/m) 57.5, tensile strength (Mpa) 195, elongation (%) 30, can satisfy the master operation requirement of conventional traction electric machine substantially.Yet because total volume of railway freight grows with each passing day at present, the speed of train is more and more faster, and China's railroad repeatedly raises speed, but still can not satisfy the requirement of growing freight volume.
Because the speed of train is more and more faster, thereby also harsh day by day to the requirement of traction electric machine, conventional rail traction motor can't satisfy the needs of bullet train.Because, because the end ring of existing railway high speed traction electric machine adopts fine copper to make, when silver soldering or brazing, need be warming up to more than 560 ℃ and just may weld, so the material inside metallographic changes, make grain coarsening, mechanical strength reduces, even fracture appears, and heating in use also often appears, and shortened the useful life of motor greatly.
Adopting the alloyed copper material to come the instead of pure copper product can yet be regarded as is a kind of useful act, because alloyed copper material such as chromium zirconium copper product have the hardness height, conduct electricity very well, crystal grain tiny even, high temperature resistant (softening temperature).Yet, since the hardness of present chromium zirconium copper product be HRB75, conductance (MS/m) 43, elongation (%) 〉=10%, softening temperature (℃) 550, so hardness, conductance, softening temperature minimum and metallographic structure aspect are still shortcoming.
In view of above-mentioned factor, at present China still is in stage of dependence on import for railway high speed traction electric machine end ring, is necessary very that therefore the autonomous height of the industry that stands in explores, and uses making chromium zirconium copper product remedy described deficiency.
Summary of the invention
Task of the present invention be to provide a kind of be adapted to that the railway high speed traction electric machine uses have desirable hardness, conductance, softening temperature, tensile strength, yield strength, a tiny and uniform electric machine end ring material of metallographic structure.
Task of the present invention also is to provide a kind of method of making electric machine end ring, and this method can ensure that end ring has required mechanical and physical performance.
The present invention the electric machine end ring material of confession be characterised in that: its be with tough cathode, chromium powder, zirconium powder as main material, as oxygen scavenger, main material is by weight percentage with magnesium: tough cathode 99-99.47%, chromium powder 0.4-0.8%, zirconium powder 0.08-0.20%; Oxygen scavenger is by weight percentage: magnesium 0.05-0.10%.
Tough cathode of the present invention is a standard cathode copper.
Tough cathode of the present invention is a Cu-CATH-1.
Chromium powder of the present invention is that sieve and chromium powder purity 〉=99.5%.
Zirconium powder of the present invention is that sieve and zirconium powder purity 〉=98.5%.
Of the present invention sieving to crossing 40 mesh sieves.
Of the present invention sieving to crossing 40 mesh sieves.
The method that the above-mentioned electric machine end ring material of usefulness provided by the invention is made electric machine end ring may further comprise the steps:
A) raw material preparation, with tough cathode, chromium powder, zirconium powder as main material, with magnesium as oxygen scavenger, wherein: main material component (percentage by weight): tough cathode 99-99.47%, chromium powder 0.4-0.8%, zirconium powder 0.08-0.20%; Oxygen scavenger component (percentage by weight): magnesium 0.05-0.1%;
B) will put into the vacuum furnace melting after the raw material mixing by aforementioned preparation, and come out of the stove when furnace temperature reaches 1200-1300 ℃, and be poured in the mold, demolding after cooling gets the ingot casting base;
C) earlier the ingot casting base is done the surface cleaning, the electric furnace hot-forging forming of packing into then obtains forging stock;
D) to the forging stock solution treatment, solution time is that 12-30S, solid solubility temperature are that 960-1010 ℃, temperature retention time are 0.5-2h;
E) cold forging, and control cold forging compression ratio get the cold forging base;
F) Ageing Treatment is put into electric furnace with the cold forging base, and insulation 100-140min comes out of the stove, cools off in the time of 460-480 ℃, gets electric machine end ring base just;
G) the first base of electric machine end ring is carried out metalworking, obtain the electric machine end ring finished product.
In one embodiment of the invention, the mold step B) is a circular mold.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the compression ratio step e) is 30%～50%.
The electric machine end ring material material choice that the present invention recommended is reasonable; Method step is simple, the hardness of resulting electric machine end ring reaches 75-78HRB, conductance and reaches 44-46MS/m, softening temperature minimum and reach that 600-620 ℃, tensile strength reach 410-430Mpa, yield strength reaches 310-340Mpa, elongation 15-18%, tiny evenly, the average grain diameter≤200 μ m of metallographic structure, thereby can avoid effectively that end ring the material grains chap time occurs in welding, mechanical strength reduces, ruptures and avoid the heating after the motor long-time continuous runs up, satisfy of the every mechanical and physical performance requirement of railway high speed motor end ring.
Attached with explanation
Fig. 1 is the process chart of the inventive method.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the resulting electric machine end ring of embodiment of the inventive method
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Is that the electric machine end ring of φ 315mm * φ 235mm * 20mm is an example by technological process shown in Figure 1 to make by specification shown in Figure 2.
A) raw material preparation accurately takes by weighing conformance with standard GB467-1997 national standard required standard tough cathode 99.2% by weight percentage, the purity of crossing 40 sieves is preferably producing for LiaoNing, China province Jinzhou City ferroalloy works more than 99.5%, the chromium powder 0.6% that meeting of selling, the GB2211-87 national standard required and be 98.5% or more by the purity of mistake 40 mesh sieves of jinzhou Ferroalloy Plant's production and sales equally and sponge zirconium 0.15% that satisfy the metallurgical standard-required of YB69-65 China and be the magnesium 0.05% of MG32A by the trade mark of sky, Suzhou, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China benefit metal material Co., Ltd production;
B) earlier will be by steps A) raw material prepared mixes, and abundant mixing, puts into the vacuum furnace melting then, comes out of the stove when furnace temperature reaches 1250 ℃, is poured in the circular mold, and demolding after cooling obtains the ingot casting base;
C) earlier to by step B) resulting ingot casting base carries out removing surface, specifically: saw removes dead head, falls (turning removal) outer oxide skin with lathe or similar devices turning, and sawed-off is blanking, the hot forging forming in the electric furnace of packing into then obtains the forging stock of φ 304mm * φ 215mm * 35mm;
D) to by step C) resulting forging stock does solution treatment, specifically: adopt the salt bath to the molten processing of forging stock salt, the salt bath concentration should meet 11 ± 2 ℃ of Baumes, water temperature is controlled at below 40 ℃, solution time is 15S, when reaching 970 ℃, solid solubility temperature begins to be incubated 60min, then forging stock is placed salt bath, after fully being cooled off, it is put to next step, aforementioned solid solubility temperature and temperature retention time can increase chromium, the zr element solid solution capacity in copper, the disperse of chromium zirconium copper (Cr+Cu3Zr) uniform particles is separated out, and very favourable have the intensity of improving alloy;
E) cold forging is to by step D) forging stock after handling carries out cold forging, and the cold forging compression ratio is 31%, obtains the cold forging base of φ 312mm * φ 227mm * 25mm;
F) Ageing Treatment will be by step e) resulting cold forging base puts into electric furnace, insulation 120min when being warmed up to 470 ℃ comes out of the stove, air cooling, the first base of motor side base;
G) to by step F) resulting electric machine end ring just base carry out metalworking, specifically be promptly to cut, obtain by electric machine end ring finished product shown in Figure 2 by the desired size φ 315mm of manufacturing specification * φ 235mm * 20mm by the requirement of user's drawing.
Embodiment 2
By technological process shown in Figure 1 is that the electric machine end ring of φ 173mm * φ 128mm * 15mm is an example with the manufacturing specification.
A) raw material preparation accurately takes by weighing conformance with standard GB467-1997 national standard required standard tough cathode 99.4% by weight percentage, the purity of crossing 40 sieves is preferably producing for LiaoNing, China province Jinzhou City ferroalloy works more than 99.5%, the chromium powder 0.7% that meeting of selling, the GB2211-87 national standard required and be 98.5% or more by the purity of mistake 40 mesh sieves of jinzhou Ferroalloy Plant's production and sales equally and sponge zirconium 0.15% that satisfy the metallurgical standard-required of YB69-65 China and be the magnesium 0.08% of MG32A by the trade mark of sky, Suzhou, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China benefit metal material Co., Ltd production;
B) earlier will be by steps A) raw material prepared mixes, and abundant mixing, puts into the vacuum furnace melting then, comes out of the stove when furnace temperature reaches 1260 ℃, is poured in the circular mold, and demolding after cooling obtains the ingot casting base;
C) earlier to by step B) resulting ingot casting base carries out removing surface, specifically: saw removes dead head, falls (turning removal) outer oxide skin with lathe or similar devices turning, and sawed-off is blanking, the hot forging forming in the electric furnace of packing into then obtains the forging stock of φ 178mm * φ 128mm * 19mm;
D) to by step C) resulting forging stock does solution treatment, specifically: adopt the salt bath to the molten processing of forging stock salt, the salt bath concentration should meet 11 ± 2 ℃ of Baumes, water temperature is controlled at below 40 ℃, solution time is 12S, when reaching 980 ℃, solid solubility temperature begins to be incubated 70min, then forging stock is placed salt bath, after fully being cooled off, it is put to next step, aforementioned solid solubility temperature and temperature retention time can increase chromium, the zr element solid solution capacity in copper, the disperse of chromium zirconium copper (Cr+Cu3Zr) uniform particles is separated out, and very favourable have the intensity of improving alloy;
E) cold forging is to by step D) forging stock after handling carries out cold forging, and the cold forging compression ratio is 32%, obtains the cold forging base of φ 173mm * φ 128mm * 15mm;
F) Ageing Treatment will be by step e) resulting cold forging base puts into electric furnace, insulation 130min when being warmed up to 480 ℃ comes out of the stove, air cooling, the first base of motor side base;
G) to by step F) resulting electric machine end ring just base carry out metalworking, specifically be promptly to cut by the desired size φ 173mm of manufacturing specification * φ 128mm * 15mm by the requirement of user's drawing, obtain shape as shown in Figure 2 but change in size is the electric machine end ring finished product of φ 173mm * φ 128mm * 15mm.
Embodiment 3
By technological process shown in Figure 1 is that the electric machine end ring of φ 185mm * φ 120mm * 20mm is an example with the manufacturing specification.
A) raw material preparation accurately takes by weighing conformance with standard GB467-1997 national standard required standard tough cathode 99.4% by weight percentage, the purity of crossing 40 sieves is preferably producing for LiaoNing, China province Jinzhou City ferroalloy works more than 99.5%, the chromium powder 0.7% that meeting of selling, the GB2211-87 national standard required and be 98.5% or more by the purity of mistake 40 mesh sieves of jinzhou Ferroalloy Plant's production and sales equally and sponge zirconium 0.12% that satisfy the metallurgical standard-required of YB69-65 China and be the magnesium 0.08% of MG32A by the trade mark of sky, Suzhou, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China benefit metal material Co., Ltd production;
B) earlier will be by steps A) raw material prepared mixes, and abundant mixing, puts into the vacuum furnace melting then, comes out of the stove when furnace temperature reaches 1280 ℃, is poured in the circular mold, and demolding after cooling obtains the ingot casting base;
C) earlier to by step B) resulting ingot casting base carries out removing surface, specifically: saw removes dead head, falls (turning removal) outer oxide skin with lathe or similar devices turning, and sawed-off is blanking, the hot forging forming in the electric furnace of packing into then obtains the forging stock of φ 190mm * φ 114mm * 26mm;
D) to by step C) resulting forging stock does solution treatment, specifically: adopt the salt bath to the molten processing of forging stock salt, the salt bath concentration should meet 11 ± 2 ℃ of Baumes, water temperature is controlled at below 40 ℃, solution time is 14S, when reaching 990 ℃, solid solubility temperature begins to be incubated 60min, then forging stock is placed salt bath, after fully being cooled off, it is put to next step, aforementioned solid solubility temperature and temperature retention time can increase chromium, the zr element solid solution capacity in copper, the disperse of chromium zirconium copper (Cr+Cu3Zr) uniform particles is separated out, and very favourable have the intensity of improving alloy;
E) cold forging is to by step D) forging stock after handling carries out cold forging, and the cold forging compression ratio is 34%, obtains the cold forging base of φ 185mm * φ 120mm * 20mm;
F) Ageing Treatment will be by step e) resulting cold forging base puts into electric furnace, insulation 120min when being warmed up to 470 ℃ comes out of the stove, air cooling, the first base of motor side base;
G) to by step F) resulting electric machine end ring just base carry out metalworking, specifically be promptly cut, obtain the electric machine end ring finished product that shape has been similar to by only change in size shown in Figure 2 by the desired size φ 185mm of manufacturing specification * φ 120mm * 20mm by the requirement of user's drawing.
Embodiment 4
By technological process shown in Figure 1 is that the electric machine end ring of φ 220mm * φ 140mm * 20mm is an example with the manufacturing specification.
A) raw material preparation accurately takes by weighing conformance with standard GB467-1997 national standard required standard tough cathode 99.3% by weight percentage, the purity of crossing 40 sieves is preferably producing for LiaoNing, China province Jinzhou City ferroalloy works more than 99.5%, the chromium powder 0.6% that meeting of selling, the GB2211-87 national standard required and be 98.5% or more by the purity of mistake 40 mesh sieves of jinzhou Ferroalloy Plant's production and sales equally and sponge zirconium 0.15% that satisfy the metallurgical standard-required of YB69-65 China and be the magnesium 0.06% of MG32A by the trade mark of sky, Suzhou, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China benefit metal material Co., Ltd production;
B) earlier will be by steps A) raw material prepared mixes, and abundant mixing, puts into the vacuum furnace melting then, comes out of the stove when furnace temperature reaches 1270 ℃, is poured in the circular mold, and demolding after cooling obtains the ingot casting base;
C) earlier to by step B) resulting ingot casting base carries out removing surface, specifically: saw removes dead head, falls (turning removal) outer oxide skin with lathe or similar devices turning, and sawed-off is blanking, the hot forging forming in the electric furnace of packing into then obtains the forging stock of φ 228mm * φ 135mm * 26mm;
D) to by step C) resulting forging stock does solution treatment, specifically: adopt the salt bath to the molten processing of forging stock salt, the salt bath concentration should meet 11 ± 2 ℃ of Baumes, water temperature is controlled at below 40 ℃, solution time is 15S, when reaching 980 ℃, solid solubility temperature begins to be incubated 70min, then forging stock is placed salt bath, after fully being cooled off, it is put to next step, aforementioned solid solubility temperature and temperature retention time can increase chromium, the zr element solid solution capacity in copper, the disperse of chromium zirconium copper (Cr+Cu3Zr) uniform particles is separated out, and very favourable have the intensity of improving alloy;
E) cold forging is to by step D) forging stock after handling carries out cold forging, and the cold forging compression ratio is 34%, obtains the cold forging base of φ 220mm * φ 140mm * 20mm;
F) Ageing Treatment will be by step e) resulting cold forging base puts into electric furnace, insulation 130min when being warmed up to 480 ℃ comes out of the stove, air cooling, the first base of motor side base;
G) to by step F) resulting electric machine end ring just base carry out metalworking, specifically be promptly cut, obtain the electric machine end ring finished product that shape has been similar to by only change in size shown in Figure 2 by the desired size φ 220mm of manufacturing specification * φ 140mm * 20mm by the requirement of user's drawing.
Through the test of Chinese Shanghai electrical science research institute, has the mechanical and physical performance shown in the following table by the resulting electric machine end ring of the foregoing description.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of electric machine end ring material, it is characterized in that its be with tough cathode, chromium powder, zirconium powder as main material, as oxygen scavenger, main material is by weight percentage with magnesium: tough cathode 99-99.47%, chromium powder 0.4-0.8%, zirconium powder 0.08-0.20%; Oxygen scavenger is by weight percentage: magnesium 0.05-0.10%.
2, electric machine end ring material according to claim 1 is characterized in that described tough cathode is a standard cathode copper.
3, electric machine end ring material according to claim 1 is characterized in that described tough cathode is a Cu-CATH-1.
4, electric machine end ring material according to claim 1 is characterized in that described chromium powder is that sieve and chromium powder purity 〉=99.5%.
5, electric machine end ring material according to claim 1 is characterized in that described zirconium powder is that sieve and zirconium powder purity 〉=98.5%.
6, electric machine end ring material according to claim 4 is characterized in that described sieving to crossing 40 mesh sieves.
7, electric machine end ring material according to claim 5 is characterized in that described sieving to crossing 40 mesh sieves.
8, a kind of method of making electric machine end ring by electric machine end ring material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
A) raw material preparation, with tough cathode, chromium powder, zirconium powder as main material, with magnesium as oxygen scavenger, wherein: main material component (percentage by weight): tough cathode 99-99.47%, chromium powder 0.4-0.8%, zirconium powder 0.08-0.20%; Oxygen scavenger component (percentage by weight): magnesium 0.05-0.1%;
B) will put into the vacuum furnace melting after the raw material mixing by aforementioned preparation, and come out of the stove when furnace temperature reaches 1200-1300 ℃, and be poured in the mold, demolding after cooling gets the ingot casting base;
C) earlier the ingot casting base is done the surface cleaning, the electric furnace hot-forging forming of packing into then obtains forging stock;
D) to the forging stock solution treatment, solution time is that 12-30S, solid solubility temperature are that 960-1010 ℃, temperature retention time are 0.5-2h;
E) cold forging, and control cold forging compression ratio get the cold forging base;
F) Ageing Treatment is put into electric furnace with the cold forging base, and insulation 100-140min comes out of the stove, cools off in the time of 460-480 ℃, gets electric machine end ring base just;
G) the first base of electric machine end ring is carried out metalworking, obtain the electric machine end ring finished product.
9, electric machine end ring material according to claim 8 is made the method for electric machine end ring, it is characterized in that step B) described in mold be circular mold.
10, electric machine end ring material according to claim 8 is made the method for electric machine end ring, it is characterized in that step e) described in compression ratio be 30%～50%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100202959A CN100555800C (en) | 2007-03-16 | 2007-03-16 | Electric machine end ring material and with the method for this material electric machine end ring |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2007100202959A CN100555800C (en) | 2007-03-16 | 2007-03-16 | Electric machine end ring material and with the method for this material electric machine end ring |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101022227A CN101022227A (en) | 2007-08-22 |
| CN100555800C true CN100555800C (en) | 2009-10-28 |
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| CNB2007100202959A Expired - Fee Related CN100555800C (en) | 2007-03-16 | 2007-03-16 | Electric machine end ring material and with the method for this material electric machine end ring |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103290252B (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2015-05-13 | 常熟明辉焊接器材有限公司 | High-strength and high-conductivity chromium zirconium copper alloy and processing technology thereof |
| CN113649768B (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2023-03-14 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of Cu-Cr alloy rotor end ring of squirrel-cage asynchronous traction motor for rail transit |
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