CN100554830C - The critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system automatic regulation type restriction sleeve - Google Patents

The critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system automatic regulation type restriction sleeve Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100554830C
CN100554830C CNB2008100395759A CN200810039575A CN100554830C CN 100554830 C CN100554830 C CN 100554830C CN B2008100395759 A CNB2008100395759 A CN B2008100395759A CN 200810039575 A CN200810039575 A CN 200810039575A CN 100554830 C CN100554830 C CN 100554830C
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China
Prior art keywords
air inlet
temperature
carbon dioxide
channel member
critical
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNB2008100395759A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN101298957A (en
Inventor
陈亮
陈江平
陈芝久
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Publication of CN100554830C publication Critical patent/CN100554830C/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F25B41/33—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by the fluid pressure, e.g. by the pressure of the refrigerant
    • F25B41/335—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by the fluid pressure, e.g. by the pressure of the refrigerant via diaphragms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F25B41/36—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by bimetal elements or shape-memory elements influenced by fluids, e.g. by the refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2341/00—Details of ejectors not being used as compression device; Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • F25B2341/06—Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • F25B2341/063—Feed forward expansion valves

Abstract

A kind of critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system automatic regulation type restriction sleeve belongs to refrigeration technology field.The present invention includes valve body, valve seat, valve port, needle, inlet channel member, air inlet duct, inlet chamber, driver plate, memory spring, temperature-sensitive diaphragm, air inlet pipe, escape pipe.The valve body right-hand member is provided with air inlet pipe, the valve body left end is provided with escape pipe, valve port is positioned on the valve seat, inlet chamber is by being arranged at air inlet duct and the air inlet pipe conducting on the inlet channel member, be provided with a temperature-sensitive diaphragm that is press-fited by annular ring at the inlet channel member near air inlet pipe one end, the right-hand member of memory spring is close to a side of temperature-sensitive diaphragm, and isolated with air inlet pipe one end, and the driver plate that the left end of memory spring and has needle contacts.The present invention can reach optimum pressure at the pressure in the automatic adjustments of gas cooler of different gas cooler exit temperature in carbon dioxide refrigerating system, make the Energy Efficiency Ratio of system's operation reach maximum.

Description

The critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system automatic regulation type restriction sleeve
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of refrigeration system restricting element, specifically a kind of critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system automatic regulation type restriction sleeve belongs to refrigeration technology field.
Background technology
Carbon dioxide is a kind of natural cold-producing medium, helps protecting environment, and the critical-cross carbon dioxide performance of refrigeration circulation is also suitable with traditional freon refrigeration circulation simultaneously, is therefore thought that extensively arranged very big development prospect.
The control characteristic of the high-low pressure of critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system and common compression-type refrigerating system have bigger different.Compression-type refrigerating system commonly used at present adopts subcritical cycle, no matter be high-pressure side or low-pressure side, temperature and pressure are all closely related.In unit running process, mainly be to control evaporating pressure and temperature by regulating restricting element, improve the operating efficiency of system.For the high-pressure side, condensation temperature mainly depends on the temperature and the flow of cooling medium, condensing pressure and condensation temperature one by one for, and on high-tension side pressure is condensing pressure, therefore on high-tension side pressure depends on the temperature and the flow of cooling medium basically, does not need to control specially in system.For the critical-cross carbon dioxide system, what its high-pressure side cold-producing medium took place is not condensation process, but the cooling procedure of supercritical gas, its pressure and temperature are two independently variablees.Although therefore temperature is subjected to the qualification of cooling medium, pressure then directly is not restricted.In the critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system, high side pressure can reach 70～150bar, is 7～10 times of refrigerating plant commonly used.On high-tension side in addition pressure characteristic has very big influence for the operating efficiency of system, has an optimum pressure for a certain operating mode, makes systematic energy efficiency ratio reach maximum.Therefore no matter be to consider, in the critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system, all can the device of directly high side pressure being regulated be set as common subcritical cycle refrigeration system from security or from thermal efficiency.Controlled in order to guarantee critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigerating plant high side pressure, can adopt throttle mechanism to control on high-tension side pressure.When high side pressure is too high, increases the aperture of throttle mechanism, and when pressure is on the low side, then reduce aperture.
Find by prior art documents: the Chinese patent publication number is CN1737472A, open day is on February 22nd, 2006, patent name is: critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigerating system restriction sleeve, a kind of restriction sleeve of adjustable throttle amount is proposed, its core is: adopt a kind of mechanical restriction sleeve that has the internal bypass function as restricting element, its flow can be realized according to the variation of restriction sleeve import high pressure regulating automatically.A this in-house main restriction sleeve and auxiliary restriction sleeve of being provided with, main restriction sleeve is in open mode all the time, and the variation of flow is regulated by auxiliary restriction sleeve, controls pressure in the gas cooler by regulating the flow size.Restriction sleeve in this scheme must change the pretightning force of spring with regulating bolt for the gas cooler exit temperature that changes, and adjust optimum pressure with this, does not have self-regulating function, and the use of restriction sleeve is made troubles.
Up to the present, the critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system does not also appear being applicable to, adopt novel temperature-sensing element to adjust system optimal pressure automatically, do not need to introduce in addition the adjustable throttle mechanism that control circuit drives at different gas cooler exit temperature.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system automatic regulation type restriction sleeve is provided, can be with the variation automatic regulating system optimum pressure of gas cooler exit temperature, regulate highly sensitively, have higher reliability.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, and the critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system automatic regulation type restriction sleeve that the present invention proposes comprises: valve body, valve seat, valve port, needle, inlet channel member, air inlet duct, inlet chamber, driver plate, memory spring, temperature-sensitive diaphragm, air inlet pipe, escape pipe.The valve body right-hand member is provided with air inlet pipe, the valve body left end is provided with escape pipe, valve port is positioned on the valve seat, inlet chamber is by being arranged at air inlet duct and the air inlet pipe conducting on the inlet channel member, be provided with a temperature-sensitive diaphragm that is press-fited by annular ring at the inlet channel member near air inlet pipe one end, the right-hand member of memory spring is close to a side of temperature-sensitive diaphragm, and isolated with air inlet pipe one end, and the driver plate that the left end of memory spring and has needle contacts.Between valve seat and the inlet channel member centring ring is set, the equal mount of three is on the internal face of valve body.The memory spring that the temperature-sensitive diaphragm is used for temperature-sensitive contacts with it, the masterpiece that memory spring deformation produces is used for driver plate, simultaneously, the inlet chamber pressure that communicates with air inlet pipe by the air inlet duct also acts on driver plate, driver plate is stressed and drive the needle side-to-side movement, to change the circulation area of needle head and the throat of valve port formation.
Uniform air inlet duct on the annular circumferential of inlet channel member, its total circulation area is greater than the area of valve port.The confined space that inlet channel member and driver plate and temperature-sensitive diaphragm constitute is a vacuum state.The driver plate periphery is embedded with sealing ring.When driver plate moved to right stop, valve port was just opened fully.
Described memory spring adopts marmem to make, and it is a kind of specific alloy material with memory characteristic, and memory spring can flexiblely automatically be institute's memorized shape under different temperatures.Simultaneously, this material also has super-elasticity, and its dependent variable can be up to 20%, behind the unloading stress, can return to original shape fully.Selected memory spring is that the pressure according to carbon dioxide refrigerating system---temperature characterisitic designs among the present invention, concrete is according to the on high-tension side optimum pressure of carbon dioxide refrigerating system---the gas cooler exit temperature characteristic is to deformation of memory spring---, and temperature characterisitic is carried out design selection, makes it corresponding one by one with the on high-tension side optimum pressure of carbon dioxide refrigerating system by the pressure that deformation produces at a certain temperature.Because memory spring is to the high accuracy shape-memory properties of temperature, and shape is recovered characteristics fast, will improve degree of regulation greatly used as the temperature-sensing element of automatic adjustable type restriction sleeve.
Critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system automatic regulation type restriction sleeve of the present invention is installed between the gas cooler and evaporimeter in the refrigeration system, when refrigeration system is moved, cold or the supercritical fluid of the mistake that is flowed out by gas cooler is by air inlet duct inflow inlet chamber, cavity pressure P 2Act on the left end head of driver plate left surface and needle, memory spring is experienced the refrigerant temperature of gas cooler outlet by the temperature-sensitive diaphragm simultaneously, will be according to the deformation of self---the telescopic variation corresponding to upstream gas cooler outlet temperature takes place in temperature characterisitic, but because the restriction of driver plate movement travel, memory spring can not freely stretch, therefore compressive deformation will take place, according to design of the present invention, memory spring equals optimum pressure to the pressure that driver plate produces when needle contacts with valve port, and with the variation of temperature that memory spring is experienced, the pressure P that compressive deformation produces to driver plate 1Also correspondingly change.When under a certain gas cooler exit temperature and pressure, P 1Greater than P 2, valve port is in closed condition, and along with the continuous running of system compresses machine, gas cooler internal high pressure gas pressure will raise, the pressure P in the inlet chamber 2The also pressure P that will raise gradually and reach and put on driver plate greater than memory spring 1, driver plate drive this moment needle will move right and open valve port, and feasible flow by restriction sleeve begins to increase.Along with the continuous increase of flow, P 2To be reduced gradually by elevated pressures, driver plate will drive needle and move to valve port position, P again at this moment 2Be reduced to and P 1Equate, but can raise again with high side pressure again very soon, continue this pressure change procedure of repetitive cycling, finally make P 2All the time trend towards P 1, also be that the gas cooler outlet pressure can reach the optimum pressure under the corresponding outlet temperature.Therefore, the automatic adjusting by the restriction sleeve aperture will make the operating efficiency of critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system be in optimum state all the time.
By above-mentioned adjusting control mode, restriction sleeve of the present invention can the answering system state variation automatically high side pressure is transferred to optimum pressure, than other throttle mechanism of the same type, the present invention relies on the pressure conduction of self to regulate control with temperature-sensing element fully, also need not any extra valve actuator when widening adjustable range and improving degree of regulation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Among the figure: valve body 1, valve seat 2, valve port 3, needle 4, driver plate 5, memory spring 6, temperature-sensitive diaphragm 7, inlet channel member 8, air inlet duct 9, annular ring 10, centring ring 11, sealing ring 12, right stop 13, air inlet pipe 14, escape pipe 15, inlet chamber 16.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing concrete enforcement of the present invention is described further.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes: valve body 1, valve seat 2, valve port 3, needle 4, driver plate 5, memory spring 6, temperature-sensitive diaphragm 7, inlet channel member 8, air inlet duct 9, air inlet pipe 14, escape pipe 15, inlet chamber 16.
Valve body 1 right-hand member is provided with air inlet pipe 14, valve body 1 left end is provided with escape pipe 15, valve port 3 is positioned on the valve seat 2, inlet chamber 16 is by being arranged at the air inlet duct 9 and air inlet pipe 14 conductings on the inlet channel member 8, be provided with a temperature-sensitive diaphragm 7 that is press-fited by annular ring 10 at inlet channel member 8 near air inlet pipe 14 1 ends, the right-hand member of memory spring 6 is close to a side of temperature-sensitive diaphragm 7, and isolated with air inlet pipe 14 1 ends, and the driver plate 5 that the left end of memory spring 6 and has needle 4 contacts.One centring ring 11 is set between valve seat 2 and the inlet channel member 8, and the equal mount of three is on the internal face of valve body 1.
Memory spring 6 adopts marmem to make, and all is in compressive state in the operating condition scope.Be evenly equipped with 4 air inlet ducts 9 on the annular circumferential of inlet channel member 8, its total circulation area is greater than the area of valve port 3.Inlet channel member 8 is a vacuum state with the confined space that driver plate 5 and temperature-sensitive diaphragm 7 constitute.Driver plate 5 peripheries are embedded with sealing ring 12.When driver plate 5 moved to right stop 13, valve port 3 was just opened fully.
When refrigeration system is moved, cold or the supercritical fluid of the mistake that is flowed out by gas cooler flows into restriction sleeve of the present invention by air inlet pipe 14, memory spring 6 is experienced the refrigerant temperature that gas cooler exports by temperature-sensitive diaphragm 7, will produce certain pressure to the right side of driver plate 5.Simultaneously, the pressure by air inlet duct 9 and the inlet chamber 16 of air inlet pipe 14 conductings acts on the left side of driver plate 5 and the left end head of needle 4.When gas cooler exports under a certain temperature and pressure, the pressure of inlet chamber 16 is less than the pressure of memory spring to driver plate 5, valve port 3 is in closed condition, continuous operation along with the system compresses machine, gas cooler internal high pressure gas pressure will raise, the pressure of inlet chamber 16 also will raise gradually and reach and put on the pressure of driver plate 5 greater than memory spring 6, and needle 4 will move right and open valve port 3 this moment, make that the total flow by restriction sleeve increases.Continuous increase along with flow, high side pressure will be reduced gradually by elevated pressures, driver plate 5 will drive needle 4 and move to valve port 3 again at this moment, the pressure of inlet chamber 16 is reduced to the pressure that produces with memory spring 6 and equates, but can raise along with the rising of gas cooler pressure again very soon, continue this pressure change procedure of repetitive cycling, finally making the pressure of inlet chamber 16 trend towards the pressure that memory spring 6 produces all the time, also is that the gas cooler outlet pressure can reach the optimum pressure under the corresponding outlet temperature.
The present invention can reach optimum pressure at the pressure in the automatic adjustments of gas cooler of different gas cooler exit temperature in carbon dioxide refrigerating system, make the Energy Efficiency Ratio of system's operation reach maximum.Controlling organization of the present invention does not need to introduce control circuit, but has used novel temperature-sensing element, i.e. the memory spring made of shape memory alloy material, realized the adjusting of automation completely, the global design compactness, simple in structure, regulate highly sensitively, have higher reliability.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system automatic regulation type restriction sleeve, comprise: valve body (1), valve seat (2), valve port (3), needle (4), driver plate (5), memory spring (6), temperature-sensitive diaphragm (7), inlet channel member (8), air inlet duct (9), air inlet pipe (14), escape pipe (15), inlet chamber (16), it is characterized in that: valve body (1) right-hand member is provided with air inlet pipe (14), valve body (1) left end is provided with escape pipe (15), valve port (3) is positioned on the valve seat (2), inlet chamber (16) is by being arranged at the air inlet duct (9) and air inlet pipe (14) conducting on the inlet channel member (8), be provided with a temperature-sensitive diaphragm (7) that is press-fited by annular ring (10) at inlet channel member (8) near air inlet pipe (14) one ends, the right-hand member of memory spring (6) is close to a side of temperature-sensitive diaphragm (7), and it is isolated with air inlet pipe (14) one ends, the driver plate (5) that the left end and of memory spring (6) has needle (4) contacts, between valve seat (2) and the inlet channel member (8) centring ring (11) is set, valve seat (2), the equal mount of inlet channel member (8) and centring ring (11) is on the internal face of valve body (1).
2, critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system automatic regulation type restriction sleeve according to claim 1 is characterized in that described memory spring (6) adopts marmem to make, and all is in compressive state in the operating condition scope.
3, critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system automatic regulation type restriction sleeve according to claim 1, it is characterized in that being evenly equipped with 4 air inlet ducts (9) on the annular circumferential of described inlet channel member (8), its total circulation area is greater than the area of the valve port (3) on the valve seat (2).
4, critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system automatic regulation type restriction sleeve according to claim 1 is characterized in that described inlet channel member (8) and the confined space that driver plate (5) and temperature-sensitive diaphragm (7) constitute are vacuum state.
5, critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system automatic regulation type restriction sleeve according to claim 1 is characterized in that described driver plate (5) periphery is embedded with sealing ring (12).
CNB2008100395759A 2008-06-26 2008-06-26 The critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system automatic regulation type restriction sleeve Expired - Fee Related CN100554830C (en)

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CNB2008100395759A CN100554830C (en) 2008-06-26 2008-06-26 The critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system automatic regulation type restriction sleeve

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNB2008100395759A CN100554830C (en) 2008-06-26 2008-06-26 The critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system automatic regulation type restriction sleeve

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CN100554830C true CN100554830C (en) 2009-10-28

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CN116498755B (en) * 2023-06-27 2023-08-29 中北大学 Supercritical carbon dioxide differential pressure control type quick switch valve

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Granted publication date: 20091028

Termination date: 20130626