CN100552484C - Be used for its optical plug of the lasso keeper of optical plug and manufacture method thereof and use - Google Patents
Be used for its optical plug of the lasso keeper of optical plug and manufacture method thereof and use Download PDFInfo
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- CN100552484C CN100552484C CNB2005800192886A CN200580019288A CN100552484C CN 100552484 C CN100552484 C CN 100552484C CN B2005800192886 A CNB2005800192886 A CN B2005800192886A CN 200580019288 A CN200580019288 A CN 200580019288A CN 100552484 C CN100552484 C CN 100552484C
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- lasso
- transparent body
- sleeve
- keeper
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Abstract
A kind of lasso keeper that is used for optical plug comprises: sleeve, and described sleeve has the endoporus that is used to insert lasso; And the transparent body, the described transparent body is located in the endoporus of sleeve, and has on the axial direction of sleeve the main end face of position contact ring face halfway, the wherein said transparent body is the cylindrical, massive body and is formed by single solid element, the main end face of the transparent body has the fillet curve surface that obtains by thermal treatment, and the transparent body directly is fixed to the inside surface of sleeve by thermal treatment.The present invention also provides a kind of manufacture method of lasso keeper and uses its optical plug.The present invention can be made by low cost, and it has little insertion loss, and it has to be connected to and easily is formed on the fillet curve surface of end side with ring face with suitable shape and performance, and it reduces coupling efficiency hardly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be used for the lasso keeper of optical plug (optical receptacle), it for example is used in joints of optical fibre optics is connected to light-receiving/light emitting devices, also relate to the method for making the lasso keeper and use lasso keeper optical plug.The invention particularly relates to the lasso keeper and the correlation technique thereof that are used for cheap no stub (stubless) optical plug.
Background technology
As everyone knows, conventional optical plug, for example patent documentation 1 is disclosed, constitutes by following manner: with the bottom part of columniform embedding lasso by press fit or bonding insertion sleeve endoporus; And installing sleeve support around in sleeve bottom part periphery.Then, lasso (connector lasso) is inserted into the end profile of sleeve endoporus, and when being used for optics and connecting, optical fiber on the connector lasso side and the optical fiber that embeds on the lasso side are in contact with one another at end face separately.
Be different from the another kind of conventional optical plug of above-mentioned optical plug, for example patent documentation 2 is disclosed, constitutes by following manner: the bar insertion of optical material such as glass formation is formed in the bottom part of the endoporus on the semiconductor module main body; And the end face of bar and the ring face (end face) that is inserted into the terminal surface (tipface) of endoporus are in contact with one another.The terminal surface (the B face in the patent documentation) of the bar of contact ring face stands the sphere polishing.Consider that the bar terminal surface stands the fact of sphere polishing, this bar can be counted as in the endoporus by press fit or bonding insert module main body, and in the protected while of terminal surface of standing the sphere polishing, the operation of fixed bar must be performed.
Patent documentation 1:JP-A-10-332988 (Fig. 4)
Patent documentation 2:JP-A-04-223412
The optical plug that patent documentation 1 discloses has utilized the embedding lasso, and is connected to the connector lasso by directly contacting (PC/physical contact) connected mode.To be lost to minimum in order reducing to insert, embed external diameter, the internal diameter of lasso, and the concentricity of interior external diameter must to be machined to high precision.The precision of sub-micro level needs, and embeds lasso and have external diameter 1.249mm ± 0.5 μ m, internal diameter 126.5 μ m ± 0.5 μ m (using the optical fiber of diameter 125 μ m), concentricity 1.4 μ m between external diameter and the internal diameter or still less.The precision of sub-micro level causes surging manufacturing cost usually.Notice that directly the method for attachment of contact connection (PC connection) indication comprises the steps: by polishing or similar processing the ring face of the joints of optical fibre to be formed the shape of protruding spherical surface; Optical fiber core is partly connected ring face, to reduce Fresnel reflection.
Be inserted into the optical fiber that embeds the lasso endoporus and must use adhesive.Yet, must manually carry out with the operation of adhesive optical fiber, thereby need a large amount of labour and cost.Optical fiber external diameter and embed poor between the lasso internal diameter, in other words, the gap is 1 to 2 μ m (maximum concentricity 1.0 μ m).Optical fiber is eccentric in the endoporus that embeds lasso, and the maximum concentricity that embeds between lasso external diameter and the internal diameter is 1.4 μ m (maximum eccentricity 0.7 μ m).Therefore, inserting loss is made inevitably above the optical fiber of 0.5dB tolerance.
Here, inserting loss calculates by degree of eccentricity in theory as mentioned above.In other words, the relation between degree of eccentricity and the insertion loss is by following formulate.Insert loss (dB)=4.34*L/ (D/2)
2Notice that L represents the center and the distance (distance between the core body part) that is connected between the optical fiber core center partly that embeds lasso of the optical fiber core part of attachment plug lasso.D represents modular field diameter (mold field diameter).
As mentioned above, the maximum eccentricity of optical fiber is 1 μ m in each connector lasso and the embedding lasso endoporus.In addition, the maximum eccentricity that obtains from the concentricity between lasso external diameter and the internal diameter is 0.7 μ m, thereby total maximum eccentricity 1.7 μ m are provided.Therefore, the ultimate range between the core body part is 3.4 μ m in theory, modular field diameter the chances are 10 μ m, thus big insertion loss, maximum 2.0dB are provided.
In this case, the tolerance that the optical communication socket inserts loss is 0.5dB, considers tolerance, and the dimensional accuracy that embeds lasso must improve.Therefore, improving dimensional accuracy is the inevitable factor that cost increases.In addition, according to environmental change, optical fiber may protrude from the end face that embeds lasso or withdrawal.Therefore, insert loss and be easy to increase, thereby may stop direct contact to connect.
The embedding ring face of contact plunger lasso must high precision polish into the protruding spherical surface that permission directly contacts connection.Yet operation only allows once to polish one or several and embeds lasso, therefore has low mass productivity.Low mass productivity is another factor that causes production cost to increase.In addition, optical plug has the ring face of embedding and is easy to be polished the operation scratch, thereby reduces the problem of return loss (return loss).Consider that the end face that is inserted into the rod in the module bodies endoporus must stand the fact of sphere polishing, the optical plug that discloses in the patent documentation 2 may have identical problem.
Embed lasso and be fixed on hard sleeve bottom part by extruding or bonding agent are bonding.Because the variation of air themperature can change by the bond locations of pushing fixing embedding lasso.Simultaneously, in the embedding lasso that is adhesively fixed with bonding agent, bonding agent is easy to degenerate in hot and humid environment, and the bond locations that embeds lasso may change.The variation that embeds the lasso bond locations causes the variation of distance between photocell or light receiving element and the embedding lasso, and coupling efficiency may be lowered.Consider that rod must be by be adhesively fixed the fact in the module bodies endoporus of extruding or bonding agent, the optical plug that discloses in the patent documentation 2 may have identical problem.
Summary of the invention
First technical purpose of the present invention provides: a kind of lasso keeper that is used for optical plug, it can be made by low cost, it has little insertion loss, and it has to be connected to and easily is formed on the fillet curve surface of end side with ring face with suitable shape and performance; Make the method for lasso keeper; And the optical plug that uses the lasso keeper.
Second technical purpose of the present invention provides: a kind of lasso keeper that is used for optical plug, and it can be made by low cost, and it has little insertion loss, and does not cause the reduction of coupling efficiency; Make the method for lasso keeper; And the optical plug that uses the lasso keeper.
Be used to realize that the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug of the present invention of first technical purpose comprises: sleeve, described sleeve has the endoporus that is used to insert lasso; And the transparent body, the described transparent body is located in the endoporus of sleeve, and has on the axial direction of sleeve the main end face of position contact ring face halfway, the wherein said transparent body is the cylindrical, massive body and is formed by single solid element, the main end face of the transparent body has the fillet curve surface that obtains by thermal treatment, and the transparent body directly is fixed to the inside surface of sleeve by thermal treatment.In this case, transparent body position halfway on the sleeve axial direction, preferably on the sleeve axial direction at center position, have main end face, described main end face is used for transmitting light between lasso (connector lasso) and optical element (photocell or light receiving element).The preferably cylindrical entity of the transparent body is formed by single solid element.
According to said structure, the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug comprises the sleeve and the transparent body, and the main end face of the transparent body that contacts with lasso (connector lasso) end face has the fillet curve surface that obtains by thermal treatment.Therefore, the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug can low-costly be made, and has little insertion loss.In other words, the transparent body is used for transmission ray between connector lasso and photocell or light receiving element, similar embedding lasso.In addition, the transparent body does not need optical fiber, therefore, does not need to be used to insert labour, burden or cost with bonding optics.The transparent body does not have the embedding waveguiding structure that lasso had as optical fiber, does not therefore cause the axis shift of relative connector lasso optical fiber core.The transparent body only needs directly contact connection, not because the insertion loss that eccentric reason causes.Insert loss and only depend on that direct contact connects the surface quality on surface and in the light transmission of the transparent body at communication wavelengths place, can not surpass 0.5dB.In addition, the main end face of the transparent body is softening and distortion by thermal treatment, solidifies then.Therefore, the fillet curve surface of main surface with suitable shape of abutment surface tension force or similar formation.And the fillet curve surface that main surface has minute surface or similar minute surface performance.Even the precursor of the transparent body lacks dimensional accuracy, the precursor of the transparent body also can soften and distortion by thermal treatment, thereby the main end face on the fillet curve surface with suitable shape is provided.Therefore, the precursor of the transparent body has wide in range dimensional accuracy permissible range and room for improvement, thereby allows the low-cost precursor of making the transparent body.The main surface of the transparent body forms by thermal treatment.Therefore, even pollutant such as organism adhere on the surface of transparent body precursor, the surface is through the cleaning of being heated, thereby suppressed the optical loss that the reason owing to pollutant or analog causes.
In said structure, the main end face of the transparent body preferably has unpolished surface.
Like this, the main surface of the transparent body has by the minute surface of thermal treatment acquisition or the surface of similar minute surface.Therefore, may be that the polishing step of cost-increasing factors can be omitted, and end face scratch by polishing hardly.Not only the reduction of return loss is suppressed, and main surperficial comparable polished surface has better optical property.
In said structure, on the main end face of the transparent body, radius 75 μ ms or the more zone of center around sleeve axis preferably has protruding spherical surface.In this case, protruding spherical surface needs not be the protruding spherical surface that has single radius-of-curvature in whole zone, can be the smooth continuous protruding spherical surface with different curvature radius.
Like this, radius 75 μ ms or the more zone of center around sleeve axis has protruding spherical surface, thereby realizes that stably the direct contact between main end face of the transparent body and lasso (connector lasso) end face connects.
In said structure, the radius-of-curvature ρ of protruding spherical surface and the inner diameter d of sleeve preferably satisfy the relation of ρ＞d/2.
As above this relation of She Zhiing with protruding spherical surface, has made things convenient for direct contact to connect.
In said structure, the radius-of-curvature that protruding spherical surface has is preferably 3 to 50mm.
Like this, in the direct contact of main end face of the transparent body and ring face was connected, pressure did not concentrate on lasso optical fiber point office, related to possibility that scratches the tip portion problem and the possibility that stops light to pass through and had reduced.In other words, in directly contact connects, if the radius-of-curvature that protruding spherical surface has less than 3mm, pressure is easy to concentrate on lasso optical fiber point office.If the radius-of-curvature that protruding spherical surface has is greater than 50mm, the light echo grow, this has stoped direct contact to connect.If radius-of-curvature ρ falls in the above-mentioned digital scope, these problems have just been avoided effectively.The preferable range of radius-of-curvature ρ of projection spherical surface is 7 to 25mm.
Be used to realize that the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug of the present invention of second technical purpose comprises: sleeve, described sleeve has the endoporus that is used to insert lasso; And the transparent body, the described transparent body is located in the sleeve endoporus, and has on the axial direction of sleeve the main end face of position contact ring face halfway, and it is characterized in that: the transparent body directly is fixed to the inside surface of sleeve by thermal treatment.
According to said structure, the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug comprises the sleeve and the transparent body, and has the transparent body that directly is fixed to the inside surface of sleeve by thermal treatment.Therefore, the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug can low-costly be made, and has little insertion loss, and does not reduce coupling efficiency at all.In addition, the transparent body does not have optical fiber to connect, and therefore, the advantage that has is not have optical fiber to be connected as described above.Even the precursor of the transparent body lacks dimensional accuracy, but the precursor of the transparent body can soften and distortion by thermal treatment, thereby the heat fixation transparent body is to sleeve interior surface.Therefore, the precursor of the transparent body has wide in range dimensional accuracy permissible range and room for improvement, thereby allows the low-cost precursor of making the transparent body.The transparent body is thermally bonded to sleeve interior surface.Therefore, even when the transparent body is exposed on air temperature variations or is exposed to hot and humid environment, the bond locations of the transparent body does not change, thereby has stoped the reduction of coupling efficiency.
In said structure, the bed knife between the sleeve and the transparent body is 49N or more preferably.
Like this, bed knife is 49N or more, thereby has avoided the transparent body loosening, and has improved the durability of optical plug.
In said structure, the hot and humid degree environment of staying 85 ℃ and 85%RH at the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug is after 2000 hours, and the bed knife between the sleeve and the transparent body is 49N or more preferably.
Like this, the performance of optical plug changes in any environment hardly, and significantly reduces owing to environment reason produces the possibility that is harmful to effect.
In said structure, the transparent body and sleeve are preferably sealed.
Like this, in optical module, the space that is formed between optical plug and the light-receiving/radiated element can be kept hermetically, in particular, and with 1 * 10
-9Pam
3/ sec or littler air-proof condition seal to heavens.
In said structure, thermal treatment utilizes arc discharge, laser, flame, perhaps uses thermal treatment stove or analog indirect heating mode to realize.
Term used herein " thermal treatment " comprises the thermal treatment that is used to form the fillet curve surface on the main end face of the transparent body and is used for fixing the thermal treatment of the transparent body to sleeve interior surface.Thermal treatment is preferably carried out simultaneously.CO
2Laser (wavelength 10 μ m) can be used as laser, and electric furnace can be used as the thermal treatment stove.
In said structure, the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug satisfies formula-10Log{ (nf-nb)
2/ (nf+nb)
2} 〉=37, wherein nb represents the refractive index of the transparent body, nf represents to be connected to the refractive index of the optical fiber core part in the lasso endoporus.
Like this ,-10Log{ (nf-nb)
2/ (nf+nb)
2Be 37 or more, thus light echo suppressed, and avoid the harmful effect on optical property.In this case ,-10Log{ (nf-nb)
2/ (nf+nb)
2Be more preferably 40 or more.
In said structure, locate preferably 8ppm/ ℃ or still less of the difference of the mean thermal expansion coefficients between the sleeve and the transparent body at 30 to 380 ℃.
Like this, under operational temperature conditions, the difference of the mean thermal expansion coefficients between the sleeve and the transparent body is inundue to be increased, thereby has more preferably prevented to form the crack in the sleeve or the transparent body.
In said structure, to locate at 30 to 380 ℃, the difference of the mean thermal expansion coefficients between the sleeve and the transparent body is 1ppm/ ℃ or still less.
Like this, under operational temperature conditions, the difference of the mean thermal expansion coefficients between the sleeve and the transparent body is the value that is more suitable for, thereby suppresses the tension force in the transparent body.Therefore, attached loss of polarisation (PDL) or polarisation modal dispersion (PMD) increase hardly.
In said structure, the transparent body of thickness 1mm preferably has 85% or more transmittance in the region of ultra-red of wavelength 800 to 1700nm.
Like this, the transparent body helps transmitting the light of optical communications wavelength, and is preferred for optical communication.
In said structure, each has 1mm thickness in the transparent body and the sleeve, and at least one partly or wholly has 75% or more transmittance in them in the ultraviolet region of wavelength 300 to 450nm.
Like this, at least one advantageously transmits ultraviolet light in the transparent body and the sleeve, and is preferred for, and the chip that for example insulate is by using the ultraviolet situation of adhesive to transparent body end face that can heal.
In said structure, the transparent body is to be formed by glass.
Like this, the transparent body of glass formation has the advantage of outstanding against weather.
In said structure, the transparent body is preferably formed by borosilicate glass.
Like this, the advantage that the transparent body that is formed by borosilicate glass has is that the transparent body has the expansion efficiency similar or identical with bush material, with the little difference of optical fiber core part on refractive index, and outstanding against weather.
In said structure, in particular, calculate with quality %, borosilicate glass preferably contains 65 to 85%SiO
2, 8 to 25%B
2O
3, 1.5 to 10%Li
2O+Na
2O+K
2O, 0 to 10%Al
2O
3, and 0 to 5%MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO+ZnO.Calculate with quality %, borosilicate glass preferably contains 67 to 80%SiO
2, 12 to 19%B
2O
3, 2 to 9.5%Li
2O+Na
2O+K
2O, 0 to 6%Al
2O
3, 0 to 3%MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO+ZnO, and 0 to 0.05%Fe
2O
3
Except mentioned component, borosilicate glass can further contain small amount PbO, ZrO
2, TiO
2, As
2O
3, Sb
2O
3, Cl
2, wait analog.
Like this, the transparent body that is formed by borosilicate glass can have above-mentioned advantage with being more suitable for.
In said structure, the transparent body preferably has the plane of the plane inclination of relative vertical sleeve axis, the plane be formed on main end face second opposed end face on.
Like this, the light echo of second end of the transparent body can be cut off, thereby avoids effectively because the harmful effect of the optics that light echo causes.Especially, the transparent body has the plane at 4 to 15 ° of angles of plane inclination of relative vertical sleeve axis, by with main end face second opposed end face on form the plane of the plane inclination of relative vertical sleeve axis, the transparent body has had above-mentioned advantage, and the advantage that keeps high coupling efficiency.
In said structure, sleeve is preferably formed by ceramic, glass ceramics, metal or resin.
Like this, sleeve is suitably as the lasso that covers transparent body periphery.Especially, the sleeve that is formed by ceramic or glass ceramics has high thermal resistance, thereby the advantage that provides is that basic material when the transparent body is softened and when being out of shape, sleeve has indeclinable size, does not worsen, and outstanding against weather.
In said structure, sleeve preferably has formation slit thereon.In this case, slit preferably is formed, to extend in parallel along sleeve core body axis direction.
Like this, even the difference that the evenly heat between the sleeve and the transparent body expands is big, pressure also can be released, thereby prevents to form the crack in the sleeve or the transparent body.
Above-mentioned first can utilize the optical plug of the lasso keeper formation that is used for optical plug with said structure to realize with second technical purpose.
Simultaneously, be used to realize the manufacturing method that is used for the lasso keeper of optical plug of the present invention of first technical purpose of the present invention, described lasso keeper comprises: sleeve, and described sleeve has the endoporus that is used to insert lasso; And the transparent body, the described transparent body is located in the endoporus of sleeve, and has on the axial direction of sleeve the main end face of position contact ring face halfway, the described transparent body is the cylindrical, massive body and is formed by single solid element, it is characterized in that described method comprises the steps: the precursor of the transparent body is inserted the endoporus of sleeve; And the precursor by the softening transparent body of thermal treatment, thereby will form the fillet curve surface with the end face of the precursor of the corresponding transparent body of main end face of the transparent body, and the precursor of the transparent body directly is fixed to the inside surface of sleeve.
According to said method, the precursor of the transparent body is inserted into the endoporus of sleeve, and the precursor of the transparent body utilizes thermal treatment softening, thereby the surface tension of utilization or similar will contact the main end face formation fillet curve surface of the transparent body of lasso (connector lasso).Therefore, the reduction of low manufacturing cost and insertion loss is implemented.In addition, the main end face of the transparent body is softened by thermal treatment and is out of shape, and then solidifies, and therefore, the transparent body has the fillet curve surface of minute surface or similar minute surface performance.Even the precursor of the transparent body lacks dimensional accuracy, the precursor of the transparent body also can soften and distortion by thermal treatment, thereby the main end face on the fillet curve surface with suitable shape is provided.Therefore, the precursor of the transparent body has wide in range dimensional accuracy permissible range and room for improvement, thereby allows the low-cost precursor of making the transparent body.The main surface of the transparent body forms by thermal treatment.Therefore, surperficial even pollutant such as organism adhere on the surface of transparent body precursor through the cleaning of being heated, thus removed the pollutant that improves optical loss effectively.
Be used to realize the manufacturing method that is used for the lasso keeper of optical plug of the present invention of second technical purpose of the present invention, wherein said lasso keeper comprises: sleeve, and described sleeve has the endoporus that is used to insert lasso; And the transparent body, the described transparent body is located in the sleeve endoporus, and have on the axial direction of sleeve the main end face of position contact ring face halfway, described method is characterised in that, comprises the fixedly following steps of the transparent body and sleeve: with the endoporus of the precursor insertion sleeve of the transparent body; And the precursor by the softening transparent body of thermal treatment.
According to said method, the precursor of the transparent body is inserted into the endoporus of sleeve, and the precursor of the transparent body utilizes thermal treatment softening, thereby transparent body direct heat is fixed to sleeve interior surface.Therefore, the reduction of low manufacturing cost and insertion loss is implemented.Even the precursor of the transparent body lacks dimensional accuracy, the precursor of the transparent body also can be softened and be out of shape, thus with transparent body heat fixation to sleeve interior surface.Therefore, the precursor of the transparent body has wide in range dimensional accuracy permissible range and room for improvement, thereby allows the low-cost precursor of making the transparent body.In addition, the transparent body is thermally bonded to sleeve interior surface.Therefore, even when the transparent body is exposed on air temperature variations or is exposed to hot and humid environment, the bond locations of the transparent body does not change, thereby has stoped the reduction of coupling efficiency.
In above-mentioned arbitrary method, thermal treatment preferably utilizes arc discharge, laser, flame, perhaps uses thermal treatment stove or analog indirect heating mode to realize.
Like this, the precursor of the transparent body can easily be softened and distortion, thereby forms the main end face of the transparent body, and the main end face of the described transparent body has the suitable fillet curve surface by surface tension or similar formation.Especially, the precursor of the transparent body can easily soften and distortion by laser or indirect heating (as the thermal treatment stove), thereby reduces move (off-centre) between (protruding spherical surface) top, fillet curve surface and the sleeve diameter center.Indirect heating comprises the entire sleeve of utilizing the heating of thermal treatment stove to be contained in the transparent body precursor in the endoporus.This moment, heat treatment temperature only was lower than the softening point or the fusing point of sleeve, was higher than the softening point of glass bar.Especially, to have the protruding spherical surface of required radius-of-curvature in order obtaining at short notice, and to carry out the heat cleaning of transparent body end face simultaneously, heat treatment temperature is 500 to 800 ℃, preferred 600 to 800 ℃.In this case, heat treatment time is 3 hours or still less, and the advantage of outstanding manufacturing efficient is provided.Utilize CO
2Laser allows the precursor of the softening transparent body at short notice as LASER HEATING.
In above-mentioned arbitrary method, the precursor of the transparent body is glass bar or resin rodlet preferably.
Like this, the precursor of the transparent body can be by easily and positively softening and be frozen into the transparent body of the main end face with fillet curve surface, or can by heat fixation easily and positively to sleeve interior surface as the transparent body.In this case, the crystallization resistance from refractive index, thermal expansivity, softening and deformation process and the angle of similar index are calculated with quality %, and glass bar preferably contains 65 to 85%SiO
2, 8 to 25%B
2O
3, 1.5 to 10%Li
2O+Na
2O+K
2O, 0 to 10%Al
2O
3, and 0 to 5%MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO+ZnO.In addition, resin rodlet also can be used, and its specific examples comprises thermoplastic resin, as polycarbonate resin, polyvinyl resin, acrylic resin, acryl resin and fluororesin.
In above-mentioned arbitrary method, the preferred chamfering of the end face of glass bar or resin rodlet.
Like this, the advantage that provides of the end face of chamfering is: the end face of rod is not sharpened; The projection spherical surface is difficult to distortion; And be difficult to take place at the interface the phenomenon of climbing (climbingphenomenon) between the transparent body and the sleeve.
The invention effect
As mentioned above, of the present inventionly be used for the lasso keeper and the manufacture method thereof of optical plug and use its optical plug to obtain following effect.The main end face that inserts the transparent body of sleeve endoporus forms the fillet curve surface by thermal treatment.The fillet curve surface that therefore main end face can have minute surface or similar minute surface performance, and the reduction of low manufacturing cost and insertion loss can be implemented.In addition, even pollutant such as organism adhere on the surface of transparent body precursor, the surface of the transparent body is through the cleaning of being heated, thereby suppressed the optical loss that causes owing to pollutant or similar reason.
In addition, of the present inventionly be used for the lasso keeper and the manufacture method thereof of optical plug and use its optical plug to obtain following effect.The transparent body that is inserted into the sleeve endoporus directly is fixed to sleeve interior surface by thermal treatment.Therefore, the transparent body and sleeve are firmly fixed, and the reduction of low manufacturing cost and insertion loss is implemented.In addition, the precursor of the transparent body has wide in range dimensional accuracy permissible range.Therefore, even when the transparent body is exposed on air temperature variations or is exposed to hot and humid environment, the bond locations of the transparent body does not change yet, thereby has suppressed the reduction of coupling efficiency as much as possible.
Description of drawings
The longitudinal cross-section front view of [Fig. 1] display optical socket, described optical plug have the described lasso keeper of the connection embodiment of the invention thereon.
[Fig. 2] shows the amplification longitudinal cross-section front view with the major part of the state of the described lasso keeper of lasso (connector lasso) the insertion embodiment of the invention.
The longitudinal cross-section front view of [Fig. 3] optical plug, wherein said optical plug have the described lasso keeper of connection another embodiment of the present invention thereon.
[Fig. 4] shows the synoptic diagram of the manufacturing state of the described lasso keeper of the embodiment of the invention.
[Fig. 5] illustrates the synoptic diagram of experimental result in the example of the present invention.
[Fig. 6] illustrates the synoptic diagram of measuring the coupling efficiency method in the example of the present invention.
1,21 optical plug
2,22 supports
3,23 lasso keepers (the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug)
4,24 sleeves
5 transparent bodies
The main end face of 5a (protruding spherical surface)
5b second end face
6 lassos (connector lasso)
The end face of 6a lasso
7 optical fiber
7a core body part
The plane of 8 vertical sleeve axis
11 glass bars
The 11b chamfering
12 laser diodes
13 galvanic current sources
14 collector lenses
15 luminous powers
The d sleeve diameter
The Z sleeve axis
Embodiment
Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be by being described with reference to the drawings.Fig. 1 is the longitudinal cross-section front view of display optical socket, and described optical plug has the described lasso keeper (hereinafter referred lasso keeper) that is used for optical plug of the connection embodiment of the invention thereon.Fig. 2 shows the amplification longitudinal cross-section front view that the connector lasso is inserted the state of the described lasso keeper of the embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, optical plug has the lasso keeper 3 that is connected support 2 inside, and described support 2 has annulus 2a at the place, end of optical plug 1 bottom end side.Lasso keeper 3 comprises the member of following structure: be fixed on support 2 patchhole inner cylindrical sleeves 4; With the columniform solid transparent body 5 of heat fixation to the sleeve 4 bottom end side inside surfaces.In this case, the main end face 5a on the transparent body 5 terminal surfaces is positioned in sleeve 4 and axially goes up half-way (axially near core).
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the main end face 5a of the transparent body 5 has the fillet curve surface that obtains by thermal treatment, and it is unpolished surface.Axis Z with sleeve 4 is the center, and radius is that 75 μ m or more zone have protruding spherical surface.The radius-of-curvature ρ of projection spherical surface and the inner diameter d of sleeve 4 satisfy the relation of ρ＞d/2.For clearly, the radius-of-curvature ρ of protruding spherical surface is set at 3 to 50mm.The end face 6a of the connector lasso 6 that inserts from sleeve 4 terminal surfaces is formed, with at the main end face 5a place of the transparent body 5 contact projection spherical surface.In this case, the optical fiber 7 that is connected to connector lasso 6 endoporus has the core body part 7a of the about 10 μ m of diameter and the peripheral clad part 7b of the about 125 μ m of diameter.The protruding spherical surface of the main end face 5a of the transparent body 5 is formed, with the core body part 7a of contact optical fiber 7.
The transparent body 5 directly is fixed on the inside surface of sleeve 4 by thermal treatment, and the bed knife between the sleeve 4 and the transparent body 5 is 49N or more.More clearly, stay in the hot and humid degree environment of 85 ℃ and 85%RH after 2000 hours at the lasso keeper, the transparent body 5 is fixed with 49N or more bed knife.In addition, the transparent body 5 and sleeve 4 are sealed.In this case, the transparent body 5 is fixed to the heat treatment mode on the inner surface of sleeve 4 and the main end face 5a of the transparent body 5 is formed in the heat treatment mode on fillet curve surface, every kind comprises arc discharge, laser, flame, perhaps uses thermal treatment stove or analog indirect heating mode.Note CO
2Laser (wavelength 10 μ m) can be used as laser, and electric furnace can be used as the thermal treatment stove of indirect heating.
Refractive index of the transparent body 5 (nb) and the refractive index (nf) that is connected to the optical fiber 7 core body part 7a in connector lasso 6 endoporus satisfy formula-10Log{ (nf-nb)
2/ (nf+nb)
2} 〉=37.The difference of the mean thermal expansion coefficients between the sleeve 4 and the transparent body 5 is 8ppm/ ℃ or still less at 30 to 380 ℃, preferred 1ppm/ ℃ or still less.The transparent body 5 of thickness 1mm has 85% or more transmittance in the region of ultra-red of wavelength 800 to 1700nm.Each has 1mm thickness in the transparent body 5 and the sleeve 4, in them at least one partly or wholly (the whole transparent body 5 alone in the present embodiment) in the ultraviolet region of wavelength 300 to 450nm, have 75% or more transmittance.The transparent body 5 is to be formed by glass or resin, preferred borosilicate glass.Calculate with quality %, borosilicate glass preferably contains 65 to 85%SiO
2, 8 to 25%B
2O
3, 1.5 to 10%Li
2O+Na
2O+K
2O, 0 to 10%Al
2O
3, and 0 to 5%MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO+ZnO, calculates with quality %, especially preferably contains 67 to 80%SiO
2, 12 to 19%B
2O
3, 2 to 9.5%Li
2O+Na
2O+K
2O, 0 to 6%Al
2O
3, 0 to 3%MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO+ZnO, and 0 to 0.05%Fe
2O
3
Simultaneously, sleeve 4 is cylindrical single members, and can be formed by ceramic, glass ceramics, metal or resin.Yet in the present embodiment, sleeve 4 is by ceramic (zirconia) or glass ceramics (Li
2O+Al
2O
3+ SiO
2The base glass ceramics, the solid solution of its precipitation β-spodumene is as the primary crystallization phase) make.Especially, sleeve 4 is by Li
2O+Al
2O
3+ SiO
2The base glass ceramics forms, and the solid solution of described glass ceramics precipitation β-spodumene is as the primary crystallization phase, and described sleeve 4 can be by heating, elongation and moulding manufacturing.Therefore, the interior external diameter of sleeve has very high size accuracy, thereby makes things convenient for the insertion of connector lasso, and by stoping the connector lasso to unclamp, makes things convenient for the support plug lasso.
The second end face 5b on the transparent body 5 main end face 5a opposite sides (bottom end side) has the plane of 4 to the 15 ° of angle α in plane 8 (plane vertical axis Z) of the axle of relative vertical sleeve 4.The end face 4b of the bottom end side of sleeve 4 also has on same level the plane with the second end face 5b same tilt angle.
Fig. 3 is the longitudinal cross-section front view of optical plug, and wherein said optical plug has the described lasso keeper of connection another embodiment of the present invention thereon.As shown in Figure 3, optical plug 21 has the lasso keeper 23 that is connected support 22 inside with annulus 22a.Lasso keeper 23 is made by ceramic, glass ceramics, glass or resin-insulated material.Lasso keeper 23 comprises following structural elements: the thick cylindrical sleeve 24 that is fixed on support 22 patchhole inside; And heat fixation is to the cylindrical, massive transparent body 5 of sleeve 24 inside surface bottom end sides.By pushing fixing or bonding being fixed on separately on the support 22, support 22 has the not shape of cover sleeve 24 end sections to sleeve 24 at bottom part.Sleeve 24 has the thickness bigger than the sleeve that uses in the optical plug 1 that shows among Fig. 14.Sleeve 24 has excellent mechanical intensity, and is difficult to damage, even end sections is not covered by support 22.Optical plug 21 with this structure has stoped end sections as sending or receive electromagnetic antenna (because the end sections of sleeve 24 is not covered by support 22), and is difficult to provide deleterious effects to each transmission-reception electronic unit (as laser diode) that is connected with optical plug thereon.
At first, shown in the reference marker A of Fig. 4, glass material is stretched, to make long pristine glass rod 9.Shown in the reference marker B of Fig. 4, a plurality of manufactured pristine glass rods 9 are lashed, and cut into predetermined length in the axial direction, and so latter two end face is polished cursorily.Like this, shown in the reference marker C of Fig. 4, obtained at once the precursor of a plurality of glass bars 10 as the transparent body.Then, shown in the reference marker D of Fig. 4, two end face 11a chamfering 11b of each glass bar.Shown in the reference letter E of Fig. 4, the glass bar 11 of chamfering is inserted in the endoporus of cylindrical sleeve 4, and described sleeve 4 is by ceramic (zirconia) or glass ceramics (Li
2O+Al
2O
3+ SiO
2The base glass ceramics, the solid solution of its precipitation β-spodumene is as the primary crystallization phase) make.
Then, the end face 11a of the end face 4a of sleeve 4 bottom end sides and glass bar 11 bottom end sides is aligned, to form assembly 12.Assembly 12 is placed in the electric furnace, perhaps utilizes laser from the opening portion 4c of sleeve 4 irradiation glass bar 11, thereby softening and make glass bar 11 distortion.Adopt this mode, the end face of glass bar 11 end side (main end face) forms the fillet curve surface by surface tension, and glass bar 11 is by the inside surface of heat fixation at sleeve 4.Then, the end of assembly 12 bottom end sides is polished, and with the formation plane inclined, thereby provides above-mentioned lasso keeper 3.Be used as under the situation of original material at the original resin rodlet of being made by the long resin material, above-mentioned manufacture method can adopt same way as to realize.
The lasso keeper that is used for optical plug of the present invention will be described in more detail based on example.In example of the present invention, different glass bar 11 and sleeves 4 are used.In addition, different thermal treatments are performed, and each lasso keeper stands different assessments.The result is shown as follows.Notice that table 1 has shown the result of example 1 to 4, each example all uses electric furnace, and table 2 has shown the result of example 5 and 6, and each example all uses CO
2Gas laser.
＜glass bar A 〉
Borosilicate glass (composition: calculate 70%SiO with quality %
2, 6%Al
2O
3, 13%B
2O
3, 2%CaO, 1%BaO, 6.5%Na
2O, 1%K
2O, and 0.5%Sb
2O
3Thermal expansivity: 5.1ppm/ ℃; Refractive index (1310nm): 1.471; Refractive index (1550nm): 1.469; Chamfering; Cylinder height 2mm * external diameter .1.248mm Φ)
＜glass bar B 〉
Borosilicate glass (composition: calculate 80%SiO with quality %
2, 3%Al
2O
3, 13%B
2O
3, and 4%Na
2O; Thermal expansivity: 3.2ppm/ ℃; Refractive index (1310nm): 1.468; Refractive index (1550nm): 1.465; Chamfering; Cylinder height 2mm * external diameter .1.248mm Φ)
Notice that the core body part of optical fiber (single-mode fiber (SMF)) is 1.452 in wavelength 1310nm place refractive index, in wavelength 1550nm place refractive index 1.449.
＜sleeve A 〉
ZrO
2(can obtain from TOTO company; Thermal expansivity: 8.3ppm/ ℃; There is not slit; External diameter 1.6mm * internal diameter .1.25mm)
＜sleeve B 〉
Li
2O+Al
2O
3+ SiO
2(the glass ceramics sleeve can (Nippon Electric Glass Co. Ltd) obtains the base glass ceramics from Japanese electro-conductive glass company limited; Thermal expansivity: 2.7ppm/ ℃; There is not slit; External diameter 1.80mm * internal diameter .1.25mm)
＜electric furnace heating 〉
Glass bar is inserted into the sleeve endoporus, and the end face of the end face of sleeve bottom end side and glass bar bottom end side is aligned, to form assembly.Assembly is placed in the electric furnace, and described electric furnace is configured to the heat treatment temperature of demonstration in the table 1, and is kept the heat treatment time of demonstration in the table 1 therein.Glass bar is softened, and is taken out electric furnace, thereby obtains each lasso keeper in the example 1 to 4.Notice that locate at 30 to 380 ℃, the difference of mean thermal expansion coefficients is 3.2ppm/ ℃ for example 1 to 3 between glass bar (transparent body) and the sleeve, is 0.5ppm/ ℃ for example 4.
Table 1
The electric furnace heating
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | |
| Glass bar (transparent body) | (A) | (A) | (A) | (B) |
| Sleeve | (A) ZrO 2 | (A) ZrO 2 | (A) ZrO 2 | (B) glass ceramics |
| Heat treatment temperature (℃) | 720 | 710 | 700 | 650 |
| Heat treatment time (hour) | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| End sections radius-of-curvature (mm) | 3.3 | 5.0 | 8.0 | 20 |
| Bed knife (N) | ＞98 | ＞98 | ＞98 | ＞98 |
| Return loss | 43 | 43 | 43 | 49 |
| (dB) |
＜laser 〉
Glass bar is inserted in the endoporus of sleeve, and the end face of the end face of sleeve bottom end side and glass bar bottom end side is aligned, to form assembly.Utilize the opening portion of laser from sleeve, what be displayed in Table 2 is used for softening and makes under the condition of glass bar distortion, the irradiation glass bar, thus obtain each lasso keeper in the example 5 and 6.Notice that locate at 30 to 380 ℃, the difference of mean thermal expansion coefficients is 3.2ppm/ ℃ for example 5 between glass bar (transparent body) and the sleeve, is 2.4ppm/ ℃ for example 6.
Table 2
Laser (carbon dioxide laser: wavelength 10.6 μ m)
| Example 5 | Example 6 | |
| Glass bar (transparent body) | A | A |
| Sleeve | (A) ZrO 2 | (B) glass ceramics |
| Output (W) | 10 | 10 |
| Heat treatment time (second) | 10 | 10 |
| End sections radius-of-curvature (mm) | 3.0 | 3.0 |
| Bed knife (N) | ＞98 | ＞98 |
| Return loss (dB) | 43 | 43 |
Appraisal procedure
＜end sections radius-of-curvature 〉
The end sections radius-of-curvature determines that by using the interferometry microscope described interferometry microscope is designed to measure end face geometric configuration (ACCIS, Norland products company makes).The result shows: in the example 1 to 4 that relates to the electric furnace heating that table 1 shows, the transparent body end of each example (main end face) has radius-of-curvature 3.0mm to 20mm; In the example that relates to LASER HEATING 5 to 6 that table 2 shows, the transparent body end of each example (main end face) has radius-of-curvature 3.0mm.Each lasso keeper has the preferred value of end radius-of-curvature.
＜bed knife 〉
As shown in Figure 5, specific reference planes to the distance D between the transparent body 5 is measured in advance in the sleeve 4, and predetermined power is applied in the last preset time (10 seconds) of main end face 5a of the transparent body 5.Then, distance D is measured once more.Variable in distance in error range shows what main end face 5a and sleeve 4 were fixed than the bed knife of the Li Genggao that applies.Experimental result based on this technological thought shows that at the example 1 to 4 that relates to the electric furnace heating of table 1 demonstration, and in the example that relates to LASER HEATING 5 to 6 that table 2 shows, the bed knife of each example surpasses 98N.Each lasso keeper has sufficient bed knife.
＜return loss 〉
Be connected to optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR MW9070B, the manufacturing of Anritsu company) connector ring partly inserts from sleeve openings, connector ring is connected to the end of the transparent body by direct contact, thereby measures between the transparent body and the connector ring return loss in the coupling part.The terminal part of sample (being inserted into and directly contacting the relative end of connection one side with connector ring) is polished, and to have the surface of 8 ° of flat also relative light shaft positive cross direction inclinations, makes that the reflection of terminal part can be ignored in principle.The result shows: in the example 1 to 4 that relates to the electric furnace heating that table 1 shows, the return loss of each example is between 43dB to 49dB; In the example that relates to LASER HEATING 5 to 6 that table 2 shows, the return loss of each example is 43dB.Each lasso keeper all has preferred return loss value.
Table 3
＜coupling efficiency 〉
Table 3 has shown the measurement result of the coupling efficiency of six optical plugs, and described optical plug is to utilize the lasso keeper in the example 4 to form.Each optical plug has second end face, promptly relatively the plane of vertical sleeve 4 axis with 4 °, 6 °, 8 °, or 15 ° of angles (plane camber angle) plane inclined.Coupling efficiency is tested as follows.At first, as shown in Figure 6, the lasso 6 that connects optical fiber 7 is inserted into optical plug 1, and keeps the tension force of about 1kgf.Then, utilize galvanic current source 13 driving laser diode 12 under constant electric current.The light of laser diode emission injects the transparent body 5 from the second end face side then by collector lens 14 optically focused.Optical axis is adjusted, and feasible optical coupling efficiency with optical fiber 7 maximizes.Then, use light power meter 15 to measure the optical power value that transfers to optical fiber 7, thus the assessment coupling efficiency.Table 3 has shown measured value.As a comparison, under above-mentioned identical condition, light is by direct and optical fiber 7 couplings, and described optical fiber 7 is connected on the lasso 6 that does not have optical plug 1.Then, use light power meter 15 to measure the optical power value (coupling efficiency) that transfers to optical fiber 7, the result is 512 μ W.Table 3 shows that the lasso keeper of example 4 keeps high coupling efficiency, and the lasso keeper of described example 4 has the plane at 4 to 15 ° of pitch angle.
Claims (25)
1. lasso keeper that is used for optical plug comprises:
Sleeve, described sleeve has the endoporus that is used to insert lasso; And
The transparent body, the described transparent body is located in the endoporus of sleeve, and has on the axial direction of sleeve the main end face of position contact ring face halfway, it is characterized in that:
The described transparent body is the cylindrical, massive body and formed by single solid element,
The main end face of the transparent body has the fillet curve surface that obtains by thermal treatment, and the transparent body directly is fixed to the inside surface of sleeve by thermal treatment.
2. the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the main end face of the transparent body has unpolished surface.
3. the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the radius of center around sleeve axis is that 75 μ m or more zone have protruding spherical surface on the main end face of the transparent body.
4. the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the radius-of-curvature ρ of protruding spherical surface and the inner diameter d of sleeve satisfy the relation of ρ＞d/2.
5. the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the radius-of-curvature ρ that protruding spherical surface has is 3 to 50mm.
6. the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the bed knife between the sleeve and the transparent body is 49N or more.
7. the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the hot and humid degree environment of staying 85 ℃ and 85%RH at the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug is after 2000 hours, and the bed knife between the sleeve and the transparent body is 49N or more.
8. the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the transparent body and sleeve are sealed.
9. the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: thermal treatment utilizes arc discharge, laser, flame, perhaps uses thermal treatment stove indirect heating mode to realize.
10. the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug satisfies formula-10Log{ (nf-nb)
2/ (nf+nb)
2} 〉=37, wherein nb represents the refractive index of the transparent body, nf represents to be connected to the refractive index of the optical fiber core part in the lasso endoporus.
11. the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug according to claim 1 is characterized in that: locate at 30 to 380 ℃, the difference of the mean thermal expansion coefficients between the sleeve and the transparent body is 8ppm/ ℃ or still less.
12. the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug according to claim 1 is characterized in that: locate at 30 to 380 ℃, the difference of the mean thermal expansion coefficients between the sleeve and the transparent body is 1ppm/ ℃ or still less.
13. the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the transparent body of thickness 1mm has 85% or more transmittance in the region of ultra-red of wavelength 800 to 1700nm.
14. the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: each has 1mm thickness in the transparent body and the sleeve, and at least one partly or wholly has 75% or more transmittance in them in the ultraviolet region of wavelength 300 to 450nm.
15. the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the transparent body is to be formed by glass.
16. the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the transparent body is to be formed by borosilicate glass.
17. the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug according to claim 16 is characterized in that: calculate with quality %, borosilicate glass contains 65 to 85%SiO
2, 8 to 25%B
2O
3, 1.5 to 10%Li
2O+Na
2O+K
2O, 0 to 10%Al
2O
3, and 0 to 5%MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO+ZnO.
18. the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the transparent body has the plane of the plane inclination of relative vertical sleeve axis, the plane be formed on main end face second opposed end face on.
19. the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: sleeve is formed by ceramic, glass ceramics, metal or resin.
20. the lasso keeper that is used for optical plug according to claim 1 is characterized in that: sleeve has formation slit thereon.
21. an optical plug is characterized in that, comprises the described lasso keeper that is used for optical plug of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 20.
22. a manufacturing is used for the method for the lasso keeper of optical plug, described lasso keeper comprises: sleeve, and described sleeve has the endoporus that is used to insert lasso; And the transparent body, the described transparent body is located in the endoporus of sleeve, and has on the axial direction of sleeve the main end face of position contact ring face halfway, and the described transparent body is the cylindrical, massive body and is formed by single solid element, it is characterized in that described method comprises the steps:
The precursor of the transparent body is inserted the endoporus of sleeve; And
By the precursor of the softening transparent body of thermal treatment, thereby will form the fillet curve surface, and the precursor of the transparent body directly will be fixed to the inside surface of sleeve with the end face of the precursor of the corresponding transparent body of main end face of the transparent body.
23. manufacturing according to claim 22 is used for the method for the lasso keeper of optical plug, it is characterized in that, thermal treatment utilizes arc discharge, laser, flame, perhaps uses thermal treatment stove indirect heating mode to realize.
24. manufacturing according to claim 22 is used for the method for the lasso keeper of optical plug, it is characterized in that, the precursor of the transparent body comprises glass bar or resin rodlet.
25. manufacturing according to claim 24 is used for the method for the lasso keeper of optical plug, it is characterized in that the end face chamfering of glass bar or resin rodlet.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP208627/2004 | 2004-07-15 | ||
| JP2004208627 | 2004-07-15 | ||
| JP195179/2005 | 2005-07-04 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1985203A CN1985203A (en) | 2007-06-20 |
| CN100552484C true CN100552484C (en) | 2009-10-21 |
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ID=38166750
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005800192886A Expired - Fee Related CN100552484C (en) | 2004-07-15 | 2005-07-06 | Be used for its optical plug of the lasso keeper of optical plug and manufacture method thereof and use |
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|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100552484C (en) |
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| CN105502950B (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2018-08-03 | 东华大学 | A kind of transitional glass stick and preparation method thereof |
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2005
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