Change railway switch construction technology and switch changing and laying equipment
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of replacing railway switch construction technology, also relate to the switch changing and laying equipment that this replacing railway switch construction technology is adopted.
Background technology
Current, railway construction is just entering great-leap-forward development period, the railway speed increase scope will further enlarge the coming years, existing railway existing equipment can not satisfy the requirement of railway transportation, track switch is as the equipment of railway transportation important component part, very big by the speed influence to train, it also progressively develops to the application direction of high speed, heavy duty.The novel track structure of steel concrete switch tie movable head high-speed switch and trans-section seamless railway combination has satisfied the requirement of bullet train to foundation structure effectively.For constantly adapting to the requirement of bullet train to rail track, the annual existing line track switch that needs to change of China railways is up to more than 3000 groups.
High-speed switch is the novel track structure that adopts steel concrete switch tie and heavy rail to assemble, technology content is very high, the more original sleeper track switch of the weight of this novel track switch has increased several times, therefore change in the construction in the track switch shop, must under railway line, in advance track switch be laid, utilize blocking time to remove the former track switch of haveing been friends in the past, new track switch the managing that will complete in advance then moves on to design attitude and installs, and finishes laying work.But because the increase of the weight of track switch and length has brought new difficulty to changing shop work.Track switch overlays the place, and to tear the distance of putting in the bunk open from track switch generally far away, and fore-and-aft distance is far away reaches 300~400m, when laterally displacement is bigger, need cross the 3-4 station track, if follow the manpower job practices of original employing, difficulty of construction is quite big.
1), many people operate same tooth bar press original manpower job practices can not adapt to the shop of changing of this novel track switch, and the manpower job practices has following many defectives:, the operation application of force is asynchronous, often causes the personal injury incident; 2), many tooth bar press operation are asynchronous, and latch and spring tooth phenomenon often take place; 3), limited by working space, some working environment can't use the crowbar operation at all; 4), the frog position distribution of weight density of movable head track switch is big, is difficult to jack-up with the tooth bar press; 5), because tooth bar press contact stroke is little, finish the stroke that rises and falls of whole track switch, need repetitive operation repeatedly.Rise and fall stroke when big when track switch, set up multilayer sleeper buttress, poor stability operate asynchronously being easy to cause sleeper to pile up neatly the major accident that collapses; 6), track switch vertically carries out along going up a slope, and need people more than 100 to push simultaneously, and implementation speed is slow, it is long to take blocking time.After track switch is removed, the cleaning need of work of the ballast aggregate on the railway roadbed is artificial in a large number, often occurs the track switch vertical shift in the construction and takies a large amount of artificial and blocking times, causes the untimely halfway situation of ballast aggregate cleaning work, can cause the blockade construction late when serious, the influence driving; 7), in order to shorten the time that track switch is vertically carried out, when selecting track switch to overlay the place, must select according to nearby principle, shorten overlaying the place to the distance of tearing open between the place, shop as far as possible.Therefore the construction plant condition is quite abominable sometimes, and when but having to select, can cause difficulty of construction, construction safety hidden danger to increase with construction cost increases; 8), the preliminary accurate position fixing process after in place of track switch, artificial dialling moved the sliding-frictional resistance that overcomes between track switch and the ballast aggregate, unusual difficulty, labour intensity is big, spended time is long.Existing track switch laying construction technology is changed in the process of shop in that track switch is whole, and several critical processes are arranged: tooth bar press jack-up track switch, tooth bar press fall track switch and track switch in length and breadth to passing operation, and holding time is long, and labour demand is big, the labour intensity height.
Change track switch equipment from the mechanization shop of external introduction, cost is very high, considers from equipment investment economy angle, and general unit in charge of construction does not possess this condition, and equipment volume is huge, and it is big to take the rail track space.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of operating efficiency height, security reliability is good, equipment manufacturing cost is low, equipment volume is little, labour intensity is low replacing railway switch construction technology.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention provides the switch changing and laying equipment that this replacing railway switch construction technology is adopted.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The first step overlays track switch;
In second step, with the trouble rear that the hydraulic power unit of spreading exchange device is installed on track switch, ten cover hydraulic lifts are inserted into by the precalculated position in the space at switch tie two ends, start hydraulic power unit control hydraulic lift and promote track switch;
In the 3rd step, horizontal slide rail and cross binding two-wheel car are installed;
In the 4th step, after the control hydraulic lift was fallen track switch, laterally slippage track switch was to the vertical traveling rail of existing railway line;
In the 5th step, the control hydraulic lift promotes track switch, removes horizontal slide rail and cross binding two-wheel car, and vertical drive unit is installed;
The 6th step, after the control hydraulic lift is fallen track switch, to operate vertical drive unit and walk forward, track switch then can a vertical shift be arrived the target location in target location this line traveling; Or track switch then moves longitudinally to and the immediate positive lateral location in target location in the adjacent line traveling of target location;
In the 7th step, after the control hydraulic lift promotes track switch, remove vertical drive unit and horizontal slide rail is installed and the cross binding two-wheel car;
The 8th step, after the control hydraulic lift is fallen track switch, the traversing contraposition of track switch;
In the 9th step, after the control hydraulic lift promotes track switch, remove horizontal slide rail and cross binding two-wheel car, the installing and locating universal wheel unit;
In the tenth step, after the control hydraulic lift is fallen track switch,, vertically, laterally dial and move track switch, accurately the location by universal wheel unit;
In the 11 step, track switch connects;
The 12 step, take the location universal wheel unit away, track switch is finished in place.
The switch changing and laying equipment that this replacing railway switch construction technology is adopted is by a hydraulic power unit, with many cover track switch roof fall devices of hydraulic power unit UNICOM and the vertical drive unit of a cover track switch, form to a plurality of parts such as supporting two-wheel car, horizontal slide rail, universal wheel unit and support iron plate in length and breadth, the vertical drive unit of described track switch is to be provided with driving wheel and driven pulley on coupking shaft, on described coupking shaft, also be provided with the running motor that connects with described driving wheel, on described coupking shaft, also be provided with drive seat and driven seat; The piston rod that described track switch roof fall device is a hydraulic jack is double as roof fall supporting leg down, the cylinder barrel of described hydraulic jack is provided with the oil cylinder gripper shoe near the end of described roof fall supporting leg one end, described oil cylinder gripper shoe lower end is provided with by the perpendicular muscle of bending resistance and promotes force bearing plate down, the upper end is provided with the riser load-bearing bolt that band is adjusted nut, is set with force bearing plate in the lifting on described riser load-bearing bolt; Described universal wheel unit is that first steel ball, second steel ball and the 3rd steel ball are provided with the first ball cage, the second ball cage and the 3rd ball cage at its waist respectively, and the described first ball cage, the second ball cage and the 3rd ball cage level are evenly packed in the equilateral triangle stirrup.
Adopt the replacing railway switch construction technology and the switch changing and laying equipment of technique scheme, have following characteristics:
Consider from the angle of force analysis that 1, the track switch process of rising and falling adopts the hydraulic machinery operation, the bulk deformation of track switch is little;
Consider from saving the working procedure time that 2, in work progress, mechanical roof fall track switch on average hoists and once will shorten much with the landing time once, vertical shift also will be saved time;
3, consider from the angle of construction safety, in work progress, track switch in jacking, fall and hold the security reliability of pressing under three kinds of operating modes and can improve greatly;
4, consider from angle easy and simple to handle, in the work progress, only need two hydraulic control valves of people's centralized Control, can realize that just track switch is risen and fallen automatically and vertically traveling, it is very convenient to operate;
5, consider from the angle of labour intensity, compare, will reduce the vertically traveling automatically of working strength of workers, especially track switch greatly, can save manpower fully and pass operation with the mode of original operation crowfoot-tooth bar press;
6, this switch changing and laying device structure design is not only simple, light, and cost is low, therefore also has very big application and popularization value;
7, the track switch that is applicable to various models is laid;
8, when track switch vertically moves, adopt the plant equipment traction to replace the artificial track switch of passing, so more than 100 manually all can saving of vertically passing of the track switch that is useful on, forward the ballast aggregate cleaning work of doing well of concentrating to, and mechanical device towage time and ballast aggregate cleaning time carry out mutually noninterfere simultaneously.General about about 90 minutes of the ballast aggregate cleaning time, during this period of time finish vertical shift operation to track switch with plant equipment, the time aspect is very sufficient;
9, adopt plant equipment traction track switch to also have a significant advantage to be, when considering that track switch overlays the place, we can select to overlay the reasonable place of place execution conditions, because although haul distance is far away, but mechanical traction equipment has the sufficient time to transport track switch, neither takies blocking time and does not also take manually.
In sum, replacing railway switch construction technology of the present invention and equipment have: 1), simply, be convenient to safeguard; 2), safety factor is big, the reliability height; 3), in light weight, easy disassembly and transportation; 4), the operation light, people's centralized Control; 5), the speed of operating mechanism satisfies the blockade construction requirement; 6), operating mechanism's synchronism is good, good stability; 7), good looking appearance; Advantage such as 8), versatility is good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a track switch laying construction process chart;
Fig. 2 is a switch changing and laying equipment layout plan;
Fig. 3 is a switch changing and laying equipment hydraulic work system schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is a track switch roof fall device schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the vertical drive unit schematic diagram of track switch;
Fig. 6 is the universal wheel unit schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments construction technology of the present invention and switch changing and laying equipment are elaborated.
Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, switch changing and laying equipment is by a hydraulic power unit 3, with many cover track switch roof fall devices 2 of hydraulic power unit 3 UNICOMs and the vertical drive unit 4 of a cover track switch, form to a plurality of parts such as supporting two-wheel car, horizontal slide rail, universal wheel unit and support iron plate in length and breadth, referring to Fig. 5, the vertical drive unit 4 of track switch is to be provided with driving wheel 14 and driven pulley 17 on coupking shaft 18, on coupking shaft 18, also be provided with the running motor 13 that connects with driving wheel 14, on coupking shaft 18, also be provided with drive seat 15 and driven seat 16; Referring to Fig. 4, track switch roof fall device 2 is piston rod double as roof fall supporting legs 10 down of hydraulic jack 5, the cylinder barrel of hydraulic jack 5 is provided with oil cylinder gripper shoe 11 near the end of roof fall supporting leg 10 1 ends, oil cylinder gripper shoe 11 lower ends are provided with by the perpendicular muscle 9 of bending resistance and promote force bearing plate 12 down, the upper end is provided with the riser load-bearing bolt 6 that tool is adjusted nut 7, is set with force bearing plate 8 in the lifting on riser load-bearing bolt 6; Referring to Fig. 6, universal wheel unit is that first steel ball 25, second steel ball 21 and the 3rd steel ball 24 are provided with the first ball cage 26, the second ball cage 20 and the 3rd ball cage 22, the first ball cages 26, the second ball cage 20 and the 3rd ball cage 22 levels at its waist respectively and are evenly packed in the equilateral triangle stirrup 23.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, overlaying track switch is the movable head high-speed switch, long 43 meters, conduct oneself with dignity 72.5 tons, needs 52 meters, the 1st, 2 time traversing distance of vertical shift distance be respectively 10 meters, 5 meters, and it is as follows to spread the process of changing:
Be equipped with overlaying on the track switch 1 to install to change to lay, hydraulic power unit 3 is positioned at the trouble rear of track switch 1, ten cover track switch roof fall devices 2 are inserted in the space at track switch switch tie two ends by the precalculated position, ground leveling below the roof fall supporting leg 10, should fill up the crisscross sleeper platform of setting up when roof fall supporting leg 10 bottom terrain clearances are big, must fill up the steel plate of a 200mm * 200mm * 15cm on ground or the sleeper, as the direct strong point of roof fall supporting leg 10;
The control valve control track switch roof fall device 2 beginning jack-up track switches 1 of operation hydraulic power unit 3, the about 300mm height of track switch 1 whole lifting;
By the precalculated position 7 horizontal slide rails are installed below track switch 1, laterally the two ends of slide rail ride over respectively on the sleeper buttress of temporarily setting up, and on every horizontal slide rail, two cross binding two-wheel cars are laid in the below of track switch rail;
Control valve control track switch roof fall device 2 beginnings of operation hydraulic power unit 3 are fallen track switch 1 steadily and are pushed down all cross binding two-wheel cars, and whole group track switch is carried by the cross binding two-wheel car;
Track switch 1 begins slowly traversing putting in place under many people's synchronous thrust;
The control valve control track switch roof fall device 2 beginning jack-up track switches 1 of operation hydraulic power unit 3, track switch 1 is separated with the cross binding two-wheel car, takes off the cross binding two-wheel car immediately, with iron wire horizontal slide rail and the rail colligation on the track switch 1 is in the same place.On the traveling rail 19 of vertical traveling circuit, lay the longitudinal bracing two-wheel car then, simultaneously the vertical drive unit 4 of track switch is placed on the traveling rail 19 of track switch 1 rear end, connect the hydraulic oil pipe of good and hydraulic power unit 3;
Track switch 1 is fallen in control valve control track switch roof fall device 2 beginnings of operation hydraulic power unit 3 steadily, track switch 1 is supported on vertical drive unit 4 of track switch and the longitudinal bracing two-wheel car, the traveling control valve of vertically walking of operation hydraulic power unit 3 is controlled the vertical drive unit 4 of track switch, and track switch 1 begins to vertically move;
Track switch 1 vertically moves and puts in place, the control valve control track switch roof fall device 2 beginning jack-up track switches of operation hydraulic power unit 3, operate the control valve of hydraulic power unit 3 then, make vertical running gear 4 reverse vertical shifts, withdrawing from new causeway branches off and rapidly it is withdrawn from after 1 scope, then untie, put down each horizontal slide rail, and its supporting is fixed on the sleeper buttress of setting up at two ends, and lay the cross binding two-wheel car at the assigned position of traveling rail 19, track switch 1 is fallen in control valve control track switch roof fall device 2 beginnings of operation hydraulic power unit 3 steadily, drops on the cross binding two-wheel car;
Track switch 1 moves laterally to the position, and the steady jack-up track switch 1 of control valve control track switch roof fall device 2 beginnings of operation hydraulic power unit 3 is taken off the cross binding two-wheel car, extracts horizontal slide rail out;
The installing and locating universal wheel unit, track switch 1 is fallen in control valve control track switch roof fall device 2 beginnings of operation hydraulic power unit 3 steadily;
Vertically, laterally dial and move track switch 1, accurately the location;
Track switch 1 connects;
Take the location universal wheel unit away, track switch is finished in place.