Summary of the invention
It is clinical how existing faropenem is applied to peroral dosage form, and peroral dosage form far is unable to catch up with injection on pharmacokinetics and bioavailability, and particularly injection has special advantage especially when seriously ill and severe infection patient are endangered in rescue.In order to overcome the clinical application unification and to enlarge the dosage form variation, therefore provide the faropenem injection.
The character of considering faropenem is unstable in aqueous solution, so inventive point of the present invention is exactly the stability problem that how to solve faropenem, we find faropenem and some aminoacid or after the dipeptides is made up of these micromolecule aminoacid and some antioxidant unites compound recipe, make the faropenem injection have good stable in the experimental implementation of reality.
Below have non-oxidizability and have amino acid whose one or more of stability and can form stable compositions with faropenem, they be cysteine, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, glutamic acid, glycine, methionine, lysine, arginine, leucine, isoleucine, tryptophan, histidine, phenylalanine, proline, threonine, serine, tyrosine, valine, Aspartic Acid with and optical isomer or its acceptable salt etc.In addition, their any both or both above dipeptides or its acceptable salt that can form can both form stable compositions with faropenem, as: cysteine-glycine, alanine-histidine, alanine-tyrosine, alanine-tryptophan etc. have also been obtained good effect with the faropenem prescription.
Among injection, one or more of following antioxidant: sodium sulfite, sodium sulfite, pyrosulfite, sodium thiosulfate, vitamin C, vitamin C palm fibre eleostearate, vitamin E, vitamin B
2, obtained gratifying effect equally behind thioglycerol, thiourea, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, disodium EDTA, EDTA calcium complex disodium salt, oleic acid, enuatrol and the faropenem associating compound recipe.Simultaneously, above-mentioned antioxidant one or more not only can be separately and the faropenem use in conjunction, and can also with aminoacid or dipeptides and salt use in conjunction thereof in prescription, obtained stable faropenem injection too.
We are at self physics and chemistry characteristic of faropenem, carried out galenic pharmacy research, we have carried out experiment repeatedly and have finally selected water for injection, ethanol, glycerol, propylene glycol, Polyethylene Glycol, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl acetylamide (DMA), injection Oleum sesami, soybean oil, Oleum Camelliae, safflower oil, Oleum Gossypii semen, the Semen Maydis oil solvent as injection in the selection of solvent for injection and adjuvant, and emulsifying agent is selected lecithin, soybean phospholipid for use.
In the present invention, can be prepared into solution injection, emulsion-type injection, suspension type injection or the lyophilized injectable powder of faropenem according to concrete needs.Be prepared into the emulsion-type injection of faropenem and the stable in properties that the suspension type injection not only can make faropenem, and the injection of preparation can also prolong drug effect.
Certainly in that we are several below having considered in the selection of antibacterial: methyl hydroxybenzoate, propylparaben, benzyl alcohol, chlorobutanol, bromo geramine, hyamine 1622, chlorocresol, cresol, phenol, phenylmercuric acetate, thimerosal, phenethanol, prepared the faropenem injection.Need to prove that antibacterial is not to add prescription, need determine usage and consumption according to practical situation, and whether add.
The required pH value of faropenem injection provided by the invention in addition is between 3.0~8.0, according to the self property of our a large amount of The effects and faropenem, the faropenem injection that adopts the range of application of this pH value to prepare has good stable.We have used hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, boric acid, citric acid, maleic acid (maleic acid), fumaric acid (fumaric acid), tartaric acid, citric acid etc. when pH value is regulated.In order to improve the stability of faropenem, need further investigate selected stabilizing agent, in experimenting, we find out that boric acid, citric acid, maleic acid (maleic acid), fumaric acid (fumaric acid), tartaric acid, citric acid etc. can not only be as the pH value regulators of injection, and have the good stable effect, to the Stabilization that played of injection.In addition, multi-hydroxy chemical compounds such as mannitol, sorbitol, lactose, sucrose, maltose also can be used as stabilizing agent and join in the prescription.
Faropenem is that form with faropenem or its sodium salt and hydrate is present in the pharmaceutical composition among the present invention.
Find by zoopery, the infection effect of faropenem injection provided by the invention significantly is better than oral administration, and prior art thinks that this product is a beta-Lactam antibiotic that both can supply oral also injectable to use, medicine is verified for research, faropenem can be by carrier mediated transmission system by little intestinal absorption in vivo, and faropenem is by drug administration by injection and do not have significant difference by oral administration on pharmacodynamics.And our pharmacodynamic experiment by has repeatedly confirmed that the infection effect of faropenem drug administration by injection will significantly be better than oral administration.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
The faropenem injection
Faropenem sodium 55g
Sodium pyrosulfite 1.0g
Alanine-histidine 3.0g
Methyl hydroxybenzoate 1.5g
Water for injection adds to 1000ml
Preparation technology:
80% water for injection that in the preparation container, adds amount of preparation, the Faropenem sodium, sodium pyrosulfite, alanine-histidine, the methyl hydroxybenzoate that add recipe quantity then stir and make its dissolving, tartaric acid is regulated pH value to 5~6, add an amount of needle-use activated carbon, stir, circulation was taken off charcoal 20 minutes.Add water to full dose, be filtered to clear and bright.Embedding under carbon dioxide or nitrogen current, the sterilization in 15 minutes of 100 ℃ of flowing steams, promptly.
Embodiment 2
The faropenem injection
Faropenem sodium 55g
Alanine-tryptophan 2.0g
N-acetyl-L-cysteine 2.5g
Sodium sulfite 1.0g
Disodiumedetate 0.3g
Water for injection adds to 1000ml
Preparation technology:
80% water for injection that in the preparation container, adds amount of preparation, addition method faropenem, alanine-tryptophan, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, sodium sulfite, disodiumedetate stir and make its dissolving then, citric acid is regulated pH value to 4~5, add an amount of needle-use activated carbon, stir, circulation was taken off charcoal 20 minutes.Add water to full dose, be filtered to clear and bright.Embedding under carbon dioxide or nitrogen current, the sterilization in 15 minutes of 100 ℃ of flowing steams, promptly.
Embodiment 3
The faropenem injection
Faropenem sodium 55g
Vitamin C 1.0g
Sodium sulfite 1.0g
Calcio-disodium edetate 0.2g
Sorbitol 30g
Water for injection adds to 1000ml
Preparation technology:
Earlier with a spot of water dissolution calcio-disodium edetate, vitamin C and sodium sulfite, 80% water for injection that in the preparation container, adds amount of preparation, addition method faropenem, sorbitol then, stirring makes its dissolving, adds calcio-disodium edetate solution, vitamin C and sodium sulfite solution, maleic acid is regulated pH value to 3.5~4, add an amount of needle-use activated carbon, stir, circulation was taken off charcoal 20 minutes, add water to full dose, be filtered to clear and bright.Embedding under carbon dioxide or nitrogen current, the sterilization in 15 minutes of 100 ℃ of flowing steams, promptly.
Embodiment 4
The faropenem injection
Faropenem sodium 55g
Ethanol 100ml
Propylene glycol 300ml
Glycerol 200ml
Cysteine 1.0g
Glycine 1.2g
Water for injection adds to 1000ml
Preparation technology:
Earlier with a spot of water dissolution cysteine and glycine, in the preparation container, add a spot of water for injection, addition method faropenem stirring and dissolving, add ethanol, glycerol, propylene glycol successively, add cysteine and the glycine solution for preparing in advance then, stir, citric acid is regulated pH value to 6~7, add water to full dose, be filtered to clear and bright.Embedding under carbon dioxide or nitrogen current, the sterilization in 15 minutes of 100 ℃ of flowing steams, promptly.
Embodiment 5
The faropenem injection
Faropenem sodium 55g
Ethanol 100ml
Propylene glycol 400ml
Sodium sulfite 1.0g
Chlorobutanol 1.5g
Disodiumedetate 0.2g
Water for injection adds to 1000ml
Preparation technology:
Earlier with a spot of water dissolution disodiumedetate, sodium sulfite, 80% water for injection that in the preparation container, adds amount of preparation, addition method faropenem stirring and dissolving, add ethanol, propylene glycol successively, add disodiumedetate, the sodium sulfite for preparing in advance then, add chlorobutanol at last, stir, citric acid is regulated pH value to 5~6, adds water to full dose, is filtered to clear and bright.Embedding under carbon dioxide or nitrogen current, the sterilization in 15 minutes of 100 ℃ of flowing steams, promptly.
Embodiment 6
The faropenem injection
Faropenem sodium 55g
DMA 100ml
Polyethylene Glycol 500ml
Glutamic acid 1.0g
Lysine 1.0g
Disodiumedetate 0.2g
Propylparaben 1.5g
Water for injection adds to 1000ml
Preparation technology:
Earlier with a spot of water dissolution disodiumedetate, glutamic acid and lysine, 80% water for injection that in the preparation container, adds amount of preparation, addition method faropenem stirring and dissolving, add DMA, Polyethylene Glycol successively, add disodiumedetate, glutamic acid and lysine solution that preliminary election prepares then, add propylparaben at last, stir, hydrochloric acid is regulated pH value to 6~7, adds water to full dose, is filtered to clear and bright.Embedding under carbon dioxide or nitrogen current, the sterilization in 15 minutes of 100 ℃ of flowing steams, promptly.
Embodiment 7
Faropenem emulsion-type injection
Faropenem sodium 50g
Injection soybean oil 200g
Lecithin 15g
Glycerol 50g
Vitamin E 1.5g
N-acetyl-L-cysteine 2.5g
Disodium EDTA 0.2g
Maleic acid is an amount of
Water for injection adds to 1000ml
Preparation technology:
Lecithin, glycerol, vitamin E, N-acetyl-L-cysteine are joined in the injection soybean oil, put in the high pressure dispersing emulsification machine and stir, the back is the addition method faropenem slowly, make it form colostrum, treat that it forms the water for injection that adds recipe quantity behind colostrum, continue homogenize, form uniform solution, maleic acid is regulated about pH value to 5.The embedding sterilization, promptly.
Embodiment 8
Faropenem emulsion-type injection
Faropenem sodium 50g
Injection Oleum sesami 200g
Soybean phospholipid 13g
Ethanol 100ml
N-acetyl-L-cysteine 2.5g
Vitamin C palm fibre eleostearate 2.0g
Tartaric acid is an amount of
Water for injection adds to 1000ml
Preparation technology:
Soybean phospholipid is dissolved in the ethanol, join in the injection Oleum sesami and add vitamin C palm fibre eleostearate and N-acetyl-L-cysteine, put in the high pressure dispersing emulsification machine and stir, the back is the addition method faropenem slowly, make it form colostrum, treat that it forms the water for injection that adds recipe quantity behind colostrum, continues homogenize, form uniform solution, tartaric acid is regulated pH value to 5~7.The embedding sterilization, promptly.
Embodiment 9
Faropenem emulsion-type injection
Faropenem sodium 100g
Injection Oleum sesami 180g
Lecithin 16g
Vitamin C palm fibre eleostearate 2.0g
Alanine-glutamic acid 1.0g
Oleic acid 0.5g
Citric acid is an amount of
Water for injection adds to 1000ml
Preparation technology:
With lecithin dispersed with stirring in 55 ℃ of suitable quantity of water, the back adds alanine-glutamic acid, oleic acid, Faropenem sodium, then injection Oleum sesami and vitamin C palm fibre eleostearate are added, put in the high pressure dispersing emulsification machine and stir, be dispersed into uniform colostrum, treat that it forms the water for injection that adds recipe quantity behind colostrum, continues homogenize, form uniform solution, citric acid is regulated pH value to 6~7.The embedding sterilization, promptly.
Embodiment 10
The faropenem freeze-dried powder
Faropenem sodium 500g
Mannitol 450g
Glutamic acid 2.0g
Cysteine 3.0g
Citric acid is an amount of
Water for injection adds to 2000ml
Preparation technology:
Faropenem sodium, mannitol, glutamic acid, cysteine with recipe quantity under the sterile working place in the sterile chamber, add about 95% water for injection, stirring and dissolving is regulated in pH value to 6.5~7.0 scopes with citric acid, adds water to full dose, 0.02% active carbon that adds configuration amount then, stirred 10~15 minutes, and be filtered to clear and brightly, packing 2.0ml is in cillin bottle, aseptic gland behind the frozen drying, promptly.
Embodiment 11
Injection faropenem sterilized powder
Faropenem sodium 500g
Glutamic acid 2.0g
Preparation technology:
Under the sterile working with Faropenem sodium, the glutamic acid of recipe quantity, mix homogeneously, in the packing cillin bottle, gland, promptly.
Embodiment 12
Injection faropenem sterilized powder
Faropenem sodium 500g
Cysteine 3.0g
Sodium sulfite 3.0g
Preparation technology:
Under the sterile working with Faropenem sodium, glutamic acid, the sodium sulfite of recipe quantity, mix homogeneously, in the packing cillin bottle, gland, promptly.
Pharmacodynamic study
Embodiment 13
Experiment purpose:
Observe faropenem injection drug administration by injection and oral formulations gastric infusion to infecting the Cavia porcellus therapeutic effect of golden Portugal bacterium.
Experimental technique:
At first obtain golden Portugal bacterium strong virus force bacterial strain, in culture medium, cultivate fresh antibacterial with animal interior generation method.
Measure earlier before the infection the bacterial strain that tries in the internal energy all dead minimum lethal doses (100%MLD) of infection animal that make of 1~2d, as infection dosage.
The foundation of model;
Get the fresh new bacterium of cultivation, be mixed with suitable solution, with entry needle Cavia porcellus is carried out back leg intravenous injection inoculation, injection volume is 0.5ml, makes it to infect golden Portugal bacterium.And Cavia porcellus carried out metainfective observation.
Concrete grouping:
Get the Cavia porcellus about 60, male and female half and half are divided into six groups at random;
Normal control group: give normal saline and irritate stomach every day three times and give intramuscular injection normal saline every day three times.
Model group; The Cavia porcellus of using above-mentioned modeling to infect gives normal saline and irritates stomach every day three times and give intramuscular injection normal saline every day three times.
The gastric infusion group: the Cavia porcellus of using above-mentioned modeling to infect, irritate stomach and be equivalent to faropenem 10mg/kg solid preparation, every day three times.
The drug administration by injection group: the Cavia porcellus of using above-mentioned modeling to infect, intramuscular injection is equivalent to faropenem 10mg/kg ejection preparation, every day three times.
Experimental result:
Each group Cavia porcellus is carried out different route of administration administrations, discovery drug administration by injection group can well be brought into play therapeutical effect than gastric infusion group, can obviously reduce the dead quantity of Cavia porcellus and the life span of prolonged guinea pig, drug administration by injection has significant therapeutical effect than gastric infusion.
Concrete experimental data sees Table 1
The dead quantity of table 1. drug administration by injection and gastric infusion Cavia porcellus (/ day) and survival rate relatively
*Compare p<0.05 with model group,
*Compare p<0.01. with model group
★Compare p<0.05. with the gastric infusion group
Embodiment 14
Experiment purpose:
Observe faropenem injection drug administration by injection and oral formulations gastric infusion to pneumonia infection streptococcus Cavia porcellus therapeutic effect.
Experimental technique:
With embodiment 13.
The foundation of model:
With embodiment 13.
Concrete grouping:
Get the Cavia porcellus about 60, male and female half and half are divided into six groups at random;
Normal control group: give normal saline every day three times that normal saline is irritated stomach every day three times and given intramuscular injection.
Model group: the Cavia porcellus of using above-mentioned modeling to infect gives normal saline and irritates stomach every day three times and give intramuscular injection normal saline every day three times.
The gastric infusion group: the Cavia porcellus of using above-mentioned modeling to infect, irritate stomach and be equivalent to faropenem 10mg/kg solid preparation, every day three times.
The drug administration by injection group: the Cavia porcellus of using above-mentioned modeling to infect, intramuscular injection is equivalent to faropenem 10mg/kg ejection preparation, every day three times.
Experimental result:
Each group Cavia porcellus is carried out different route of administration administrations, discovery drug administration by injection group can well be brought into play therapeutical effect than gastric infusion group, can obviously reduce the dead quantity of Cavia porcellus and the life span of prolonged guinea pig, drug administration by injection has significant therapeutical effect than gastric infusion.
Concrete experimental data sees Table 2.
The dead quantity of table 2. drug administration by injection and oral administration Cavia porcellus (/ day) and survival rate relatively
*Compare p<0.05 with model group,
*Compare p<0.01. with model group
★Compare p<0.05. with the gastric infusion group
★ ★Compare p<0.01. with the gastric infusion group
Embodiment 15
Experiment purpose:
Observe the faropenem injection and irritate the stomach solid preparation the Cavia porcellus leukocyte of infection escherichia coli and the different inhibitory action of neutrophilic granulocyte.
Experimental technique:
The foundation of model:
At first obtain escherichia coli strong virus force bacterial strain with animal interior generation method, in culture medium, cultivate fresh antibacterial, measure the bacterial strain that tries make infection animal fraction (20~30%) death in 1~2d is internal energy, the minimum infection dosage of fraction in 8~14d (20~30%) survival is as infection dosage.Then Cavia porcellus is carried out the back leg intravenous inoculation, make it to infect, get in the Cavia porcellus auricular vein in infecting 1~14d that blood carries out numeration of leukocyte (WBC) and neutrophilic granulocyte is counted blood test.
Concrete grouping:
Get the Cavia porcellus about 60, male and female half and half are divided into six groups at random;
Normal control group: give normal saline and irritate stomach every day three times and give intramuscular injection normal saline every day three times.
Model group: the Cavia porcellus of using above-mentioned modeling to infect gives normal saline and irritates stomach every day three times and give intramuscular injection normal saline every day three times.
The gastric infusion group: the Cavia porcellus of using above-mentioned modeling to infect, irritate stomach and be equivalent to faropenem 10mg/kg solid preparation, every day three times.
The drug administration by injection group: modeling is the same, and intramuscular injection is equivalent to faropenem 10mg/kg ejection preparation, every day three times.
Experimental result:
Each group Cavia porcellus is carried out different route of administration administrations, and discovery drug administration by injection group more can well be brought into play the effect that suppresses leukocyte and neutrophilic granulocyte than gastric infusion group, and drug administration by injection has significant therapeutical effect than gastric infusion, and concrete experimental result sees Table 3.
The inhibition leukocyte that table 3. drug administration by injection is different with gastric infusion and the effect of neutrophilic granulocyte
*Compare p<0.01 with model group.
※ ※With gastric infusion group p<0.01.