CN100534721C

CN100534721C - Metal bond superhard materials abrasive tool radial hot pressing method and abrasive tool thereof

Info

Publication number: CN100534721C
Application number: CNB2006101614491A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 殷凤高
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-12-13
Filing date: 2006-12-13
Publication date: 2009-09-02
Anticipated expiration: 2026-12-13
Also published as: CN101200055A

Abstract

The invention provides a production method and a mould of an abrasive tool made of super hard material, belonging to an abrasive tool, a radial hot pressing method of an abrasive tool made of metal bond super hard material. The production process is: 1.making an external mold; 2.processing an internal mold group; 3. initial installing the internal mold group; 4. mixing material and pressing; 5. final assembling the internal mold group; 6. heating the external mold; 7. hoisting the internal mold group; 8. heating the whole mold; 9. tapping; 10. cooling; 11.decomposing; 12. finishing. The mould produced by the radial hot pressing method for producing the abrasive tool made of metal bond super hard material is characterized in that a ring shaped cooling groove is formed between the external mold whose inner chamber wall surface is in an inversed cone surface and a water jacket arranged on a seat insert; the internal mold group composed of an outer shell, a matrix and an entity internal mold is arranged in the inner chamber of the external mold; a ring shaped space layer is formed between the outer shell whose periphery is an inversed cone surface and the matrix; a working layer is formed by mixing material being filled and cold pressed in the ring shaped space layer. The abrasive tool made of the supper hard material with large diameter can be produced through the radial hot pressing during the heating and quick-cooling process.

Description

The radially pressure sintering and the mould thereof of metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding tool

Technical field

The invention belongs to grinding tool, especially relate to a kind of production method and mould thereof of superhard material grinding tool.

Background technology

The production method of existing metallic bond grinding tool, a kind of is cold sintering, is about to workpiece in cold stamping die, presses the sectional area of working lining, with 4 tons/cm ²The moulding of pressure axial pressure, after the demoulding the protection gas in sintering, its major defect is 1, make the be under pressure restriction of tonnage of large diameter grinding tool, 2, the grinding tool pressed density is very poor, generally be no more than 70% of solid density, reduce the grinding quality and the efficient of grinding tool greatly, so generally do not adopt this method at present; A kind of is hot pressing sintering method, divides usually: Frequency Induction Heating hot pressed sintering and large-current electric thermal resistance are pressed sintering, and this production method generally is limit heating edge hot pressing in graphite jig; Its major defect is after the grinding tool diameter is greater than 320 millimeters, just can't make of said method, and it is limited by graphite jig; In addition, also having a kind of is half hot pressing sintering method, in mould, grinding tool is colded pressing to certain pressure earlier, advance the stove sintering with mould or replacing external mold then, can be in stove the limit sintering limit pressurization pressurization of coming out of the stove after also can sintering finishing will exceed trim ring partly and flatten and get final product, general present diameter is produced greater than exhausted this method of most applications of 250 millimeters grinding tool, its major defect is that the density of metallic bond working lining does not still reach quality requirement, because when heating, its external mold expands simultaneously, and external mold is also softening when 700 ° of left and right sides, when the pressurization trim ring, it is big that outer mouldability becomes, the corresponding increase of working lining volume of grinding tool, therefore the density of working lining reduces greatly, generally be no more than 75% of its solid density, so influence grinding quality and efficient greatly, also shortened the service life of grinding tool, in addition, the grinding tool of large diameter also is subjected to the restriction of equipment tonnage, the diameter of the at present domestic maximum grinding tool product of producing in this way is 750 millimeters, sees for details: the register product overview of Chinese grinding materials and grinding tool manufacturer, compile by national grinding materials and grinding tool industry information network Zhengzhou Abrasive Materials, Abrasive Tools, Grinding Inst. (CN) No.1 Huashan R.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of radially pressure sintering and mould thereof of metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding tool, solve of the manufacturing of domestic still undeveloped diameter greater than 750 millimeters superhard material grinding tool, improve simultaneously the quality of diameter greatly less than 750 millimeters grinding tools, improve the density of working lining metallic bond, reduce production costs, improve the service life and the operating efficiency of grinding tool.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of radially pressure sintering of metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding tool, its production procedure is 1) the making external mold; 2) membrane module in the processing; 3) just adorn interior module; 4) batch mixing, tamp; 5) module in the general assembly; 6) heating external mold; 7) module in the lifting; 8) mold integral heating; 9) come out of the stove; 10) cooling; 11) decompose; 12) finished product.

Wherein: 1, make external mold: adopt common iron and conventional metalworking to make, external mold is an annular element, and outer peripheral face is the face of cylinder, and the inner chamber wall is a big young inverted cone surface down suitable for reading;

2, membrane module in the processing: adopt common iron or ironcasting and non-ferrous casting and conventional metalworking to make, processing entity internal mold, annular matrix and annular outer cover, offer the step central through hole on the entity internal mold, uniform screw on its upper and lower end face, the outer peripheral face of shell is big, a following young inverted cone surface suitable for reading, tapering mates with the tapering of outer mold cavity inverted cone surface, the radial dimension correspondence of shell inverted cone surface is slightly less than the radial dimension of outer mold cavity inverted cone surface behind heat tracing, brushing releasing agent on the inner peripheral surface of shell;

3, just adorn interior module: the annular matrix cunning is contained on the entity internal molds, the following annular connecting plate that has uniform screw is installed with bolt, the bottom of shell and entity internal mold is coupled together, make and form an annular space layer between shell and the matrix, when grinding tool is a solid, then can cancel matrix, solid is internal mold, forms an annular space layer between solid and shell;

4, batch mixing, tamp: by default prescription, batch mixing is all mixed metallic bond powder and superhard material, periphery at shell is installed the position limitation protection cover, with forcing press batch mixing is colded pressing to be filled in then and form the grinding working lining in the annular space layer, batch mixing also can moulding in cold stamping die earlier, carries out the transition in the void layer again;

5, module in the general assembly: the last annular connecting plate that has uniform screw is installed with bolt, the upper surface of shell and entity internal mold is coupled together and installation adjustment packing ring on the upper surface of entity internal mold, annular waterproof limiting plate is installed on the upper surface of external mold, equipped lifting bolt, it is whole to form a lifting;

6, heating external mold: adopts general pit furnace or bell-jar heating furnace and conventional heating process, with external mold heating and be incubated the temperature of default metallic bond alloying, make the expansion of external mold internal diameter;

7, module in the lifting: the interior module after the general assembly is lifted up in the external mold that heat tracing has been crossed;

8, mold integral heating: continue heating, the mold integral that external mold and interior module are formed reaches default temperature, and is incubated to the working lining temperature and reaches the alloying temperature;

9, come out of the stove: when interior module and external mold behind insulation certain hour on the preset temperature, external mold and interior module are come out of the stove, be lifted on default installation on the seat ring of water jacket, form annular cooling bath between external mold and the water jacket;

10, cooling: the rapid pumping of cooling fluid is advanced in the cooling bath, or after bottom is installed is sealed in the bottom of external mold, inside and outside mould integral body is directly hung in the coolant reservoirs, make external mold cool off fast, lower the temperature;

11, decompose: after the cooling, hang out interior module, disassemble waterproof limiting plate, upper and lower connecting plate, shell and internal mold successively;

12, finished product: behind the sintering, grinding working lining and matrix form one, processing back edge fit over aluminium base on, formed the grinding tool finished product.

Adopt this method to produce in the process of grinding tool, after putting into the outer mold cavity that is heated to preset temperature when interior module, heat shell rapidly by the conduction of external mold heat, shell also conducts heat to the metallic bond working lining simultaneously, the rapid expansion was subjected to the spacing of external mold wall thickness after this moment, shell was heated but it is radially expanded, and be therefore main to looser working lining direction expansion, the pressurized operation layer, this is the hot pressing of finishing in the sintering first time;

The hot pressing second time in the sintering is when continuing heating mould when whole, and heat conducts to matrix and entity internal mold, and matrix and entity internal mold expand rapidly, and radially compression work layer from inside to outside makes its density fine and close more;

Hot pressing for the third time is the contraction hot pressing of external mold, because external mold cools off the back rapidly and shrinks fast, and the working lining of the inside still is the thermoplastic state, because external mold shrinks extruding, so far finish whole radially hot pressing, this moment, working lining density can be up to 98% of solid density.

The mould that the radially pressure sintering that is used for the metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding tool proposed by the invention is produced, it is characterized in that external mold 13 is annular element, the outer peripheral face of external mold 13 is the face of cylinder, the inner chamber wall of external mold 13 is up big and down small inverted cone surface, external mold 13 is installed on the toroidal race 24, water jacket 25 is installed above the neighboring of seat ring 24, be annular cooling bath between water jacket 25 and the external mold 13, in the inner chamber of external mold 13, install by shell 14, the interior module that annular matrix 16 and entity internal mold 17 are formed, entity internal mold 17 is a cylinder, little step through hole on offering greatly at the center of entity internal mold 17, in this through hole, install lifting bolt 22 and nut 21, on entity internal mold 17, equal circumference uniform distribution screw on the lower surface, sliding dress annular matrix 16 on the neighboring of entity internal mold 17, and on entity internal mold 17, all annular connecting plate 19 is installed on the lower surface and is connected shell 14 with bolt 18, spacing in addition and to annular matrix 16 simultaneously to the working lining capping, be annular space layer 15 between shell 14 and the annular matrix 16, on shell 14, all offer annular indent step surface on the lower surface, the outer peripheral face of shell 14 is up big and down small inverted cone surface, the tapering coupling of the inverted cone surface of its tapering and external mold 13 inner chamber walls, in addition, annular waterproof limiting plate 20 is installed on the upper surface of external mold 13, on the upper surface of entity internal mold 17, install and adjust packing ring 23, during use, earlier pressure is filled out batch mixing in the annular space layer 15 between shell 14 and the annular matrix 16, with bolt 18 the last annular connecting plate 19 that has uniform screw is installed, the upper surface of shell 14 and entity internal mold 17 is coupled together and installation adjustment packing ring 23 on the upper surface of entity internal mold 17, annular waterproof limiting plate 20 is installed on the upper surface of external mold 13, equipped lifting bolt 22, it is whole to form a lifting, heat external mold 13 earlier, interior module after the general assembly lifted up in the external mold 13 that heat tracing crossed continue heating, being heated to default temperature in heating furnace after, external mold 13 and interior module hang out, on the seat ring 24 of water jacket 25 that has been lifted on default installation, pump into cooling fluid in the annular cooling bath as required and cool off external mold 13 rapidly, in heating, in the cold process of speed, radially hot pressing just can be produced high-quality grinding tool.

The radially pressure sintering and the mould thereof of metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding tool proposed by the invention, produce large diameter high-quality superhard material grinding tool effectively, improve the density of metallic bond greatly, improve the service life and the grinding efficiency of grinding tool, reduce production costs.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the production procedure block diagram representation of the radially pressure sintering of metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding tool proposed by the invention.

Fig. 2 is the main cross-sectional schematic of the mould of the radially pressure sintering that is used for the metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding tool proposed by the invention.

Among Fig. 2: 13, external mold 14, shell 15, annular space layer 16, annular matrix 17, entity internal mold 18, bolt 19, connecting plate 20, waterproof limiting plate 21, nut 22, lifting bolt 23, adjustment packing ring 24, seat ring 25, water jacket

The specific embodiment

Embodiment:

1, the diameter of using for factory of Beijing Capital Iron and Steel mill hard alloy roll hole be 500 millimeters, working lining be 5 millimeters, wide be 30 millimeters diamond pass emery wheel, circular hole R17.5 millimeter, functional after this factory used in 1 year.

2, the diameter of making for Yantai Shoudu Iron and Steel Co company is that 250 millimeters, 4 millimeters of working linings, width are 36 millimeters, and watt shape emery wheel processing neodymium iron boron of circular hole R60 millimeter through many uses half a year, improves the life-span more than 30 times than traditional electroplating abrasion wheel.

3, the threaded grinding wheel of doing for Hebei electronics limited liability company system that grinds the ferroxcube magnetic spiral, its diameter be 305 millimeters, 3 millimeters of working linings, wide be 102 millimeters, this factory is originally with Taiwan and Japanese import emery wheel, this factory is at the skive with Taiwan, every electric spark correction once, can only produce 1,200,000, and can produce 1,350,000 with the skive of manufacturing of the present invention, and the price of emery wheel is less than half of Taiwan, and the emery wheel of domestic other manufacturer production can only reach about 600,000.

Contrast table

Table 1: excellent, the shortcoming contrast of various metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding tool preparation methods:

Sequence number	Preparation method	Sintering process	Advantage	Shortcoming
Sequence number	Preparation method	Sintering process	Advantage	Shortcoming	1	Cold-rolled sintered	After the cold moudling demoulding the protection gas in sintering	Cost is low, makes simple	It is 70% superseded substantially that metallic bond density can only reach
2	Hot pressed sintering	Frequency Induction Heating, the heating of the big electricity sun of big electric current are all carried out in graphite jig	Bond density 95%, the durable quality of grinding tool is good	Can't process during greater than 320 millimeters when diameter, restricted by graphite jig, temperature is wayward	1	Cold-rolled sintered		Cost is low, makes simple
2	Hot pressed sintering				3	Half hot pressed sintering	Elder generation's cold moudling, gang mould tool are advanced stove in stove or come out of the stove remaining decrement is flattened	Bond density reaches about 75%, diameter can reach 750 millimeters	Because during hot axial pressing, the external mold density on expansion reduces, so product quality is not high
4	Hot pressed sintering radially	Colding pressing earlier is placed on decrement radially, the hot pressing of in stove, expanding, and the outer mould of coming out of the stove shrinks hot pressing	Bond density reaches 98%, is not subjected to diameter restrictions, and quality is good	Manufacturing cycle is longer	3	Half hot pressed sintering

Claims

1, a kind of radially pressure sintering of metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding tool, its production procedure comprises: 1) make external mold; 2) membrane module in the processing; 3) just adorn interior module; 4) batch mixing, tamp; 5) module in the general assembly; 7) module in the lifting; 8) mold integral heating; 9) come out of the stove; 10) cooling; 11) decompose; 12) finished product; It is characterized in that:

A, in general assembly, set up 6 between the module in module and the lifting) the heating external mold, this heating external mold is with the external mold heating and is incubated the temperature of the metallic bond alloying of presetting, makes the expansion of external mold internal diameter;

B, cooling are that the rapid pumping of cooling fluid is advanced in the cooling bath, or after installation bottom in the bottom of external mold is sealed, inside and outside mould integral body is directly hung in the coolant reservoirs, make external mold cool off fast, lower the temperature, external mold cools off the back rapidly and shrinks fast, external mold shrinks fast, and the working lining of the inside of extruding thermoplastic state is finished radially hot pressing.

2, a kind of mould that is used for the radially pressure sintering production of metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding tool is characterized in that:

A, external mold (13) are annular element, and the outer peripheral face of external mold (13) is the face of cylinder, and the inner chamber wall of external mold (13) is up big and down small inverted cone surface, and external mold (13) is installed on the toroidal race (24);

B, in the top of the neighboring of seat ring (24) water jacket (25) being installed, is annular cooling bath between water jacket (25) and the external mold (13);

C, in the inner chamber of external mold (13), install by shell (14), the interior module that annular matrix (16) and entity internal mold (17) are formed, entity internal mold (17) is a cylinder, offer the big down little step through hole of at the center of entity internal mold (17), in this through hole, install lifting bolt (22) and nut (21), on entity internal mold (17), equal circumference uniform distribution screw on the lower surface, sliding dress annular matrix (16) on the neighboring of entity internal mold (17), and on entity internal mold (17), all using bolt (18) that annular connecting plate (19) is installed on the lower surface and connect shell (14), is annular space layer (15) between shell (14) and the annular matrix (16);

D, all offer annular indent step surface on the upper and lower end face of shell (14), the outer peripheral face of shell (14) is up big and down small inverted cone surface, the tapering coupling of the inverted cone surface of its tapering and external mold (13) inner chamber wall;

E, annular waterproof limiting plate (20) is installed on the upper surface of external mold (13), on the upper surface of entity internal mold (17), is installed and adjust packing ring (23).