CN100531143C - Medium stream repeat method and medium server - Google Patents
Medium stream repeat method and medium server Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The method comprises: by relaying the connection information recording the link state between media servers, the media server self-adaptively selects the path of relaying the stream media. The invention also provides a media server thereof. By the invention, the media server can dynamically and actively switch over the transmission path according to the network state in order to select an optimal path to transmit stream media.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the transmission technique field of Media Stream in network, be specifically related to a kind of Media Stream retransmission method and media server.
Background technology
Along with continuous progress, the very big of Internet resources of network technology are enriched, the multimedia application of transmitting based on broadband network is rapidly developed.For reducing network congestion, shorten the response time, improving network service quality, content distributing network (CDN:Content DistributionNetwork) technology that replaces single division center with distributed frame is arisen at the historic moment.The CDN technology is the multimedia application with the requirement of big bandwidth high-quality, and for example Web TV (IPTV:Internet Protocol Television or Interactive PersonalTelevision) etc. provides strong technical support.
In the CDN network, Media Stream is no longer directly provided to the user by single service centre, but content is pushed to fringe node near the user, so that end user's visit nearby.General complicated IPTV/CDN catenet adopts multistage networking mostly, for example, employing comprises the networking mode of center, zone, the three grades of nodes in edge, and Media Stream is forwarded to the edge media server from higher level's media server, is forwarded to the user by the edge media server by bearer network again.Following two kinds of methods are generally adopted in the forwarding of Media Stream in the CDN network at present:
One, by upper management system human configuration forward-path.
Under this mode,, need a plurality of live forward-paths of configuration for fear of the service disruption that the single medium server failure causes.Judge and to switch to standby media server and to receive when the primary path media server obtains Media Stream when the subordinate media server.The defective of this mode is: path that can only pre-set active and standby forwarding can't on-the-fly modify flexibly; And the configuration of active and standby forward-path is limited, generally only is applicable to the situation of media server fault, and when node failure that the bearer network network equipment failure causes, the media server that can't switch to other node is transmitted.
Two, control active and standby forward-path by special software program.
Under this mode, can be according to node under the media server in the CDN network, and the relationship between superior and subordinate of each node is come the path of the live forwarding of Dynamic Selection Media Stream.Its defective is: need to increase extra equipment operation corresponding software programs and carry out forward-path control, usually, this equipment needs to be connected the control of carrying out the media server state with each media server by heartbeat, has influenced the media server performance greatly; And similar with last mode, the general situation that only is applicable to the media server fault can't be monitored situations such as bandwidth, shake, time delay.For example, under the very congested situation of network,, therefore can't switch to the better forward-path of link circuit condition, thereby influence user's actual experience because media server still can obtain the message bag.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of can be by the Media Stream retransmission method of the adaptive definite Media Stream forward-path of media server, comprising: media server is transmitted link information each other; Media server carries out the selection of Media Stream forward-path according to the link circuit condition of this link information forward-path that link information reflected of receiving.
The present invention also provides corresponding media server, comprising: information sending module is used for link information is sent to continuous media server; Information receiving module is used to receive the link information that continuous media server sends; The path logic module is used for the link circuit condition according to this link information forward-path that link information reflected of receiving, carries out the selection of Media Stream forward-path.
Adopt technique scheme, beneficial technical effects of the present invention is: the present invention is by transmitting the link information of record link circuit condition between media server, by the adaptive selection of carrying out the Media Stream forward-path of media server, because link information changes with the variation of link circuit condition, make that media server can be according to the network condition dynamic switching of carrying out transmission path of active flexibly, always can use optimal path to carry out the transmission of Media Stream, reach the purpose that makes the terminal use obtain optimum experience.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the invention one a Media Stream retransmission method basic procedure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the invention two Media Stream retransmission method schematic flow sheets;
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the invention three media server schematic diagrames;
The two-stage CDN network analog schematic diagram that Fig. 4 is made up of the embodiment of the invention three media servers;
Fig. 5 is a kind of Media Stream forward-path schematic diagram of network among Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is that the network link expense changes schematic diagram among Fig. 4;
Fig. 7 is that the network link expense changes back Media Stream forward-path schematic diagram among Fig. 4.
Also the present invention is described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings below by embodiment.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of Media Stream retransmission method, utilize the forwarding of link information between media server to come the possible transmission path of analog media stream, because link information is writing down the information relevant with the link circuit condition of its forward-path that is experienced, media server can be judged the quality of several possibility forward-paths in view of the above, thereby make one's options; The present invention also provides corresponding media server.Respectively the inventive method and equipment are elaborated with specific embodiment below.
Embodiment one, a kind of Media Stream retransmission method, basic step comprises as shown in Figure 1:
A1, media server are transmitted link information each other;
The various parameters relevant with the forward-path link circuit condition of portability comprise quasi-static parameter in the link information, for example reflect that initial media server is in other parameter of CDN network middle rank; And dynamic parameter, for example reflect the parameter of link load, the parameter of reflection media server health degree etc.; To provide some in follow-up specific embodiment can be by having the examples of parameters that host-host protocol obtains now;
The present invention does not limit the pass-through mode of link information, and both independently the form of message packet was transmitted between media server; Also can adopt the form of the existing message of expansion to carry, to reduce change as far as possible to existing protocol, for example, can adopt the mode of expansion real-time streaming protocol (RTSP:Real-Time StreamingProtocol) message, in message body, add each parameter that link information is carried in relevant privately owned territory;
The link circuit condition of this link information forward-path that link information reflected that A2, media server basis are received carries out the selection of Media Stream forward-path;
Generally can select optimum forward-path according to link information; Because link information can comprise many-sided parameter usually; can compare judgement according to the order of sequence according to the significance level of each parameter; for example; can adopt such strategy: the quality that decides the path with the comparative result of the forward parameter that sorts; have only when sorting and just to carry out the comparison of subsequent parameter when parameter is identical the preceding, then can select at random if all parameters are identical certainly.
Embodiment two, a kind of Media Stream retransmission method, flow process comprises as shown in Figure 2:
B1, media server initialization self link information between media server that links to each other with each sends to corresponding each continuous media server respectively;
In the CDN network, media server generally can connect with other several different media server; In order to embody the link circuit condition information of forward-path that link information is passed through, can comprise various parameters in the link information; Link information adopts following four kinds of parameters in the present embodiment:
Server priority: the rank of media server in the CDN network of this link information of expression initialization, this parameter can be provided with according to actual networking situation is static.For example, for the CDN network of three grades of networkings, the media server priority of Centroid can be made as 0, Area Node media server priority is made as 1, and fringe node media server priority is made as 2.When carrying out the link information comparison, priority has the highest power to make decision, because the rank of its expression path start node when the priority of link information is 0, promptly illustrates the possible media flow transmission path of forward-path for being begun by Centroid of this link information.
Link overhead: the link load of representing forward-path that this link information experiences.Generally speaking, link load is main relevant with the factors such as the network bandwidth, shake and time-delay of link, can think that the high more representative bandwidth of link overhead numerical value is more little, shake and time-delay is serious more, link load is big more.The present invention does not specifically limit the functional relation of factors such as expense numerical value and bandwidth, can be according to real network characteristics design and calculation method.Existing control protocol for example in the RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol (RTCP:Real-time Transport Control Protocol), provides the computational methods to network jitter, time-delay, can utilize the basis of its result as link overhead.Can calculate by message size and the transmission time of reception that transmits on the link as for the network bandwidth.For example, media server can send report (SR:SenderReport) message and receive report (RR:Receiver Report) message and come computation bandwidth by the RTCP that sends out mutually each other, because media server can return RTCP RR message at once after receiving RTCP SR message, therefore can be similar to the NTP (Network Time Protocol) in the RTCPRR message (NTP:Network Time Protocol) timestamp is considered as the time of reception of RTCP SR message.Suppose that media server A sends RTCP SR message to media server B, and the RTCP RR message that returns of receiving media server B, media server A can calculate the network bandwidth between both sides by following formula:
A-＞B:SR message size/(among the SR among NTP timestamp-RR NTP timestamp)
B-＞A:RR message size/(NTP timestamp among the RR-receive the NTP time of RR message)
Because link information is used to select the forward-path of Media Stream, therefore when calculating link overhead, can only consider to send the bandwidth of link.
Transmit jumping figure: represent the number of times of forwarding that this link information experiences, i.e. the number of the media server that passes through.Priority and link overhead homogeneous phase while, relatively this parameter when link information.
Server load state: the health degree of expression current media server, the own load condition value that media server self can obtain by central processing unit (CPU), internal memory, disk read-write situations such as (I/O).Priority, link overhead and forwarding jumping figure homogeneous phase while, relatively this parameter when link information.
For reduce the change to existing protocol as far as possible, present embodiment adopts extension protocol message to carry the mode of link information, comes the link information of mutual each media server by the OPTIONS message that expands RTSP.Example is as follows:
OPTIONS?rtsp://192.168.1.120/test_1.mp4RTSP/1.0
CSeq：1
User-Agent：XXXXXXXX
X_Server_Level：0
X_Link_Status：3
X_Link_TTL：0
X_Server_Status：20
Conventional OPTIONS message content of first three behavior wherein; X_Server_Level is pre-configured media server priority; X_Link_Status is the link overhead value that the embodiment that detects of media server sends bandwidth, time delay, shake etc.; X_Link_TTL is the media server number of process so far; X_Server_Status is media server self a load condition value.
B2, media server receive the link information of other media servers transmissions that link to each other;
For ease of handling, the situation of media server fault can be included in the expression scope of link information, can adopt following strategy: suppose to have two continuous media server A and B, if media server A does not receive the expression link information available that media server B sends in setting-up time, then the value with receiving media server B link information is made as the poorest link circuit condition of correspondence, for example the link overhead value of receiving media server B link information can be made as 9999.Alleged expression link information available can be the various message that normal need regularly sends between media server, for example, can be the link information that media server B sends, also can be the response message of media server B to the link information of media server A transmission.
B3, media server are judged according to the link information of receiving from different media servers, the more link information of shortest path is represented in preservation, and this link information transmitted to send other continuous media servers of media server except that it, when transmitting, superpose the link circuit condition of corresponding transmit path;
Comparison to link information can be carried out according to the order of priority, link overhead, forwarding jumping figure, server load state, certainly, also can change the comparative sequence of link overhead, forwarding jumping figure, server load state according to the practical application needs;
When transmitting preferred link information, the transmission link information of the minute book media server that need in link information, superpose, therefore, and the link information parameter that adopt corresponding front, overlap-add operation can comprise:
In the link information of transmitting, will transmit jumping figure and add one;
In the link information of transmitting this time of stack transmit the link overhead of corresponding transmit path.
In addition, for reducing the transinformation in the network, can adopt such strategy: media server no longer sends link information to the media server that sends this link information that is saved before the link information that is saved is updated.Because, if media server is preserved the link information that certain continuous media server sends, expression selects this continuous media server to carry out the reception of Media Stream, an i.e. last jumping that receives as forwarding with this continuous media server, therefore temporarily can not carry out Media Stream and send, so can no longer send link information to this continuous media server to this continuous media server.It may be the media server with higher priority that in the forward-path last jumped media server, also may be the media server with equal priority.
If the link information that is saved is updated, for example, because variation has taken place in some parameter that network condition has taken place to change in the link information that causes receiving, then media server may be selected new forward-path, then can recover to send link information to sending the former media server that is saved link information.Certainly, under some special situation, also can not recover to send.For example, a typical situation is, priority is as the quasistatic parameter that sets in advance, dynamic change does not generally take place, therefore, if certain media server stops to send link information to it because priority is lower than continuous media server, can think that after this this media server only may all need not send link information to this high level continuous media server from this continuous media server receiving media stream.
B4, media server carry out the selection of Media Stream forward-path according to the representative of the being preserved link information of shortest path more;
Through each other fully mutual of media server, each media server all can preserve and select optimal path to carry out the reception and the forwarding of Media Stream, and total energy forms the stable forward-path from the Centroid to the fringe node at last.
B5, media server are according to selected forward-path, and last one of this path of analog subscriber program request is jumped media server and obtained Media Stream.
Owing to comprise dynamic value such as link overhead, server load state in the link information, therefore can every certain interval of time interactive refreshing once.If link circuit condition does not change, then the result of interactive refreshing is that Media Stream still keeps original forward-path, if link circuit condition is because reasons such as some node failure, network congestion, server overload change, then the possibility of result of interactive refreshing can be used new media stream path, make forward-path dynamically change with network condition, Media Stream can use optimal path to transmit all the time.
Embodiment three, a kind of media server as shown in Figure 3, comprise information sending module 11, information receiving module 12, path logic module 13 and some broadcasting module 14;
The Media Stream retransmission method that provides among the embodiment two can be provided the CDN network that is formed by the networking of present embodiment media server.
For better understanding the foregoing description, below provide the once simulation running of embodiment two methods in a two-stage CDN network of forming by three media servers.
This CDN network comprises MS-A, MS-B, three media servers of MS-C as shown in Figure 4, and MS-A is positioned at Centroid, and priority is 0; MS-B, MS-C are positioned at fringe node, and priority is 1.Interconnection each other between MS-A, MS-B, the MS-C.For the purpose of clear, come annexation between the presentation medium server with different labels respectively: MS-A represented with being connected with the line between AI 1 and the BI 1 of MS-B, MS-A represents that with being connected with the line between AI 2 and the CI 1 of MS-C MS-B represented with being connected with the line between BI 2 and the CI 2 of MS-C.Suppose that having calculated each by rtcp protocol connects the network bandwidth, shake and the time-delay of link, and be converted to concrete bandwidth cost numerical value by certain algorithm, be shown in respectively on the line between the server, the arrow of line is represented the link sending direction.
For convenience of description, below represent the link information that each media server sends with [a, b, c, d], wherein a, b, c, d parameter are represented server priority, link overhead, forwarding jumping figure, server load state successively, and the forwarding of Media Stream is carried out according to following process:
1, the link information that links to each other with each between media server of media server initialization self supposes that each server state is all normal, the load level is 20, each the link overhead value that calculates as shown in Figure 4, then the link information that sends of each media server is upgraded as follows: (arrow is represented the sending direction of this link information)
MS-A：【0、2、0、20】AI?1-＞BI?1
【0、6、0、20】AI?2-＞CI?1
MS-B：【1、3、0、20】BI?1-＞AI?1
【1、3、0、20】BI?2-＞CI?2
MS-C：【1、2、0、20】CI?1-＞AI?2
【1、3、0、20】CI?2-＞BI?2
2, mutual link information
Each media server all comes mutual link information by expanding RTSP OPTIONS message, and link information is sent to continuous media server.
3, select optimum link information and forwarding
Each media server compares the link information of receiving, the link information buffer memory of shortest path gets off with representing more, and no longer sends media server transmission link information to it.And this more excellent link information transmitted to other media servers, transmit that jumping figure adds one, the link overhead stack.Below MS-A, MS-B, MS-C are described respectively.
MS-A: the priority of judging MS-B and MS-C according to the link information of receiving from AI 1, AI 2 all is lower than self, does not have more shortest path, and then the AI 1 of MS-A, AI 2 continuation send the RTSPOPTIONS message of carrying link information and arrive MS-B, MS-C, and are as follows:
MS-A：【0、2、0、20】AI?1-＞BI?1
【0、6、0、20】AI?2-＞CI?1
MS-B: more excellent according to the link information that the link information judgement BI 1 that receives from BI 1, BI 2 receives, BI 1 no longer sends message to AI 1; The link information that BI 1 receives is transmitted at BI 2, and jumping figure is added 1, and the link overhead stack, as follows:
MS-B:BI 1-＞AI 1 stops paying out
【0、5、1、20】BI?2-＞CI?2
MS-C: similar with the MS-B situation, CI 1 no longer sends message to AI 2; The link information that CI 1 receives is transmitted at CI 2, and jumping figure is added 1, and the link overhead stack, as follows:
MS-C:CI 1-＞AI 1 stops paying out
【0、9、1、20】CI?2-＞BI?2
4, select self forward-path
MS-A selection self routing direction: MS-A judges the RX path that does not exist Media Stream to transmit, and thinks that oneself need send to Media Stream two media servers of MS-B, MS-C.
Learn that the path that obtains Media Stream has two after two link informations that MS-B selection self routing direction: MS-B relatively receives, one is that 1, one of AI 1-＞BI is AI 2-＞CI 1/CI 2-＞BI 2.Link overhead is selected which paths to obtain Media Stream from the link information that MS-B passes over according to MS-A, MS-C.Because it is 2 that AI 1 path that BI 1 receives sends expense, it is 9 that CI 2 paths that BI 2 receives send expense, so MS-B can select BI 1 receiving media data.MS-B is by connect receiving media stream of RTSP and MS-A, and thinks it oneself is the media server at edge, can directly transmit medium and flow to the user when the user asks.
MS-C selects self routing direction: and the MS-B judgment mode is similar, MS-C finds that self obtaining media stream path has two, one is that 1, one of AI 2-＞CI is AI 1-＞BI 1/BI 2-＞CI 2.Because article one path link expense is 6, second path link expense is 5, so MS-C finally can select to come receiving media stream from MS-B.Final media flow transmission path as shown in Figure 5.
5, if the media server fault causes Link State to upgrade
Under the situation of certain media server fault, the RTSPOPTIONS message that continuous media server sends over will can not receive the return messages message, and each healthy media server can upgrade the link information row again and transmitted and upgrade to handle this moment.Break down as MS-B, this moment, MS-A was owing to be the higher media server of higher level's priority, and it still sends RTSP OPTIONS message to MS-B, MS-C, and is unaffected; And MS-C is owing to send RTSP OPTIONS message to MS-B, but can't receive response message (also can not send link information renewal message to MS-C for a long time by MS-B judges), then MS-C link information that BI2 is sended over is changed to link overhead maximum " 9999 ", and is as follows:
【0、9999、1、20】BI?2-＞CI?2
Then MS-C can compare the connection lastest imformation that CI 1, CI 2 receive again, and selects AI2-＞CI 1 to come receiving media stream according to link overhead.
6, if changing, link overhead cause Link State to upgrade
As shown in Figure 6, suppose that link overhead changes shown in the double-lined arrow, be changed to 5 by original 6, the link information that this moment, MS-A sent to MS-C will change, and each media server link information is upgraded as follows:
MS-A：【0、2、0、20】AI?1-＞BI?1
【0、5、0、20】AI?2-＞CI?1
MS-B:BI 1-＞AI 1 stops paying out
【0、5、1、20】BI?2-＞CI?2
MS-C:CI 1-＞AI 2 stops paying out
【0、9、1、20】CI?2-＞BI?2
MS-C rejudges CI 1 at this moment, CI 2 receives link information, owing to the reception link overhead in two link informations is 5, MS-C will judge the jumping figure in these two link informations this moment, and the forward-path of selecting the jumping figure minimum is that the direction of AI 2-＞CI 1 comes receiving media stream (under all identical situation of link overhead, jumping figure, can select the lighter media server of load by higher level's server state.If server load condition is also identical, then select one arbitrarily).Final media flow transmission path as shown in Figure 7.
More than Media Stream retransmission method provided by the present invention and media server are described in detail, used specific case herein principle of the present invention and execution mode are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; Simultaneously, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, the part that all can change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of Media Stream retransmission method is characterized in that, comprising:
Media server initialization self link information between media server that links to each other with each sends to corresponding each continuous media server respectively;
Media server receives the link information of the media server transmission that links to each other, judge according to the link information of receiving from different media servers, the more link information of shortest path is represented in preservation, and this link information transmitted to send other continuous media servers of media server except that it, when transmitting, superpose the link circuit condition of corresponding transmit path;
Media server carries out the selection of Media Stream forward-path according to the link circuit condition of this link information forward-path that link information reflected of receiving.
2, Media Stream retransmission method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: before this link information that is saved is updated, no longer send link information to the media server that sends this link information that is saved.
3, Media Stream retransmission method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: if media server is not received the expression link information available that certain continuous media server sends in setting-up time, the value that then will receive this media server link information is made as the poorest link circuit condition of correspondence.
4, Media Stream retransmission method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described expression link information available comprises the link information that media server sends, or the response message of the link information that the media server that links to each other is sent.
5, according to any described Media Stream retransmission method of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that: described link information comprises server priority, and/or link overhead, and/or forwarding jumping figure, and/or the server load state, by ranking the preceding project preferentially determine the link circuit condition of link information representative forward-path.
6, Media Stream retransmission method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described when transmitting link information stack the link circuit condition of corresponding transmit path comprise:
In the link information of transmitting, will transmit jumping figure and add one;
In the link information of transmitting this time of stack transmit the link overhead of corresponding transmit path.
7, Media Stream retransmission method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described link overhead by correspondence send the sign that quantizes of the network bandwidth, shake and the time-delay of link; The described network bandwidth calculates according to message size that transmits on this link and transmission time of reception.
8, Media Stream retransmission method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises: media server is according to selected forward-path, and last one of this path of analog subscriber program request is jumped media server and obtained Media Stream.
9, a kind of media server is characterized in that, comprising:
Information sending module is used for link information is sent to continuous media server;
Information receiving module is used to receive the link information that continuous media server sends;
The path logic module is used for the link circuit condition according to this link information forward-path that link information reflected of receiving, carries out the selection of Media Stream forward-path; Described path logic module comprises:
Logic module is used for judging according to the link information from different media servers that described information receiving module is received, according to representing the more link information selection Media Stream forward-path of shortest path;
Memory module according to the selection of described logic module, is preserved the more link information of shortest path of described representative;
Forwarding module with the link information that described memory module is preserved, is transmitted to send other continuous media servers of media server except that it respectively, when transmitting, superpose the link circuit condition of corresponding transmit path.
10, media server according to claim 9 is characterized in that, also comprises: the some broadcasting module, be used for according to the selected forward-path of described path logic module, and last one of this path of analog subscriber program request is jumped media server and is obtained Media Stream.
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| CN109819285B (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2021-09-21 | 北京乐我无限科技有限责任公司 | Live broadcast method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN110460801A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-11-15 | 北京云中融信网络科技有限公司 | The method and device of data forwarding between a kind of media server |
| CN113038064B (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-08-20 | 北京电信易通信息技术股份有限公司 | Mobile terminal conference system |
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2006
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