CN100529624C

CN100529624C - Pulsation fluidizing drier

Info

Publication number: CN100529624C
Application number: CNB2005100434637A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙传祝; 王相友; 董焕俊
Original assignee: Shandong University of Technology
Current assignee: Shandong University of Technology
Priority date: 2005-04-30
Filing date: 2005-04-30
Publication date: 2009-08-19
Anticipated expiration: 2025-04-30
Also published as: CN1858528A

Abstract

The fluidizing drier includes drying tank, fluidizing bed, guide device, vibrator, air flow distributor and driving device. The air flow distributor includes driving shaft and blades and wind boards on the driving shaft, and the driving shaft is driven with the driving device. The present invention features that the wind boards on the driving shaft have wind shielding areas gradually increased toward the wind direction, and the material guiding device inside the material passage between the feeding end of the fluidizing bed and the inner tank wall and comprising material accepting port and A-shaped guide barrel. The present invention has homogeneous air flow distribution, material passage and air flow passage separated with the material guiding device, one material back flowing and excellent performance.

Description

Pulsation fluidizing drier

Technical field

The invention provides a kind of pulsation fluidizing drier, belong to the mechanical equipment technical field that agricultural product are dehydrated.

Background technology

At present, the domestic agricultural product dried forms that generally adopts is the hot air convection drying, comprises fixed bed and common fluid bed etc.Wherein fixed bed drying speed is slower, and common fluid bed reaches fluidized state in order to make material, guarantees rate of drying, and thermal current pressure is generally all bigger, and flow velocity is higher, so energy consumption is bigger, and very easily produces phenomenons such as cavitation erosion, channel, local caking.The heated-air drying that adopts mostly is open at present, and after the drying, the hot blast of temperature up to 50 ℃ directly is discharged into workshop.Not only wasted the energy greatly, and contaminated environment, cause workman's working condition extremely abominable.In a word, problem such as existing hot air convection drying mode exists the energy consumption height, and link hand-manipulated is many, and production efficiency is low, its market competitiveness is worse and worse.

So-called gas fluidized drying is meant that material in the drying box is in dry run, by a kind of air-flow institute fluidisation of press the some cycles variation.When material carries out drying in this state, help suppressing phenomenons such as the often cavitation erosion of appearance, channel, local caking in the common fluid bed, improve the motion state of material particles in air-flow, help viscous material and the drying that is not easy the fluidisation material.It is compared with traditional fluid bed, has advantages such as the particle size range broad, heat and mass speed height, the energy-saving effect that adapt to material be obvious.Utilize the pulsate fluidizing principle that material is carried out drying, can also reduce the thermograde and the gradation of moisture of granule interior.Result of study shows, because the endocorpuscular pulsation of fluid bed, nusselt number is big when not pulsing, and pulsation phenomenon is obvious more, and the particle heat transfer coefficient is just big more.Therefore, the strong pulsation of fluid bed endoparticle is favourable to conducting heat in the bed.If aggravate the fluctuation intensity of this particle artificially, be a kind of efficient ways of further strengthening the fluid-bed heat transfer mass transport process.For above-mentioned principle and characteristics, we have obtained confirmation by the result of the test that the first generation pulsate fluidizing drying machine of developing is voluntarily obtained, and have applied for patent of invention, and application number is: 200510042417.5.

But, find that by further test the pulsate fluidizing drying machine that the foregoing invention patent application relates to, the pulse pneumatic that is produced distribute even inadequately, have certain buildup phenomenon on bed; In addition, during the lighter powder material of dry density, material through the last layer drying after, removed large quantity of moisture, its moisture content progressively reduces, weight is corresponding to be alleviated, and when falling into down one deck by blanking channel, will produce serious " instead flowing " phenomenon.This be because, below the dried waste gas of bed, also to flow to the top of top bed through this passage, after converging with the waste gas on upper strata, the exhaust outlet through being positioned at the equipment top is discharged outside the case.Therefore, for the less powder material of density, in the dropping process, will be blown afloat by air-flow and get back to last layer once more, material falls less than following one deck at all when serious.In addition, also have partial material to be blown outside the case, both caused waste, also polluted air.Take a broad view of the present situation of the dry industry of above-mentioned agricultural product, be badly in need of a kind of material guide device that has the flow distributor of pulse pneumatic distributed uniform and do not have " anti-stream " phenomenon, mass transport smoothness, to improve the drying effect of pulsate fluidizing drying machine.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of pulsation fluidizing drier that can overcome above-mentioned defective, pulse pneumatic distributed uniform, not have " anti-stream " phenomenon, mass transport smoothness, its technical scheme is:

Comprise drying box, the fluid bed that bed surface reduces gradually along the material moving direction, guiding device, vibrator, flow distributor and power set, wherein the top of casing is provided with charging aperture and exhaust outlet, the sidewall of casing is provided with the air inlet that connects hot air supply device, the bottom of casing is provided with discharging opening, vibrator all is lifted on the flexible link together with fluid bed, the upper end of flexible link is lifted on the top of casing, vibrator is positioned at the bottom of casing, flow distributor and guiding device all be positioned at fluid bed below, flow distributor comprises power transmission shaft and the blade that is installed on the power transmission shaft, deep bead, the two ends of power transmission shaft are supported on the casing by bearing, one end stretches out outside the casing, driven sprocket is equipped with in the end of power transmission shaft, drive rotation by power set, many group blades are installed between the adjacent deep bead, it is characterized in that: the area that keeps out the wind that is installed in the deep bead on the power transmission shaft increases successively from air intake, set up material guide device in the blanking channel that between the blanking end of fluid bed and cabinet wall, is constituted, the guide tube that comprises material receiving port and " people " font, the guide tube bottom is wedge shape, the minor face of guide tube is near cabinet wall, and crotch is positioned at the top of power transmission shaft.

Described pulsation fluidizing drier, material guide device is suspended in the casing top by suspension rod, and the outer wall of guide tube is provided with outrigger support on the inwall of casing.

Described pulsation fluidizing drier, every group of blade is by being mutually 180 ° two or form by three that are mutually 120 °, and the outer rim place circle diameter of each blade is than the little 3～4mm of inwall width of casing.

Described pulsation fluidizing drier, fluid bed are except that minimum blanking end, and its excess-three limit is provided with rib, and charging aperture is positioned at the top at fluid bed top, and discharging opening is positioned at the end of fluid bed.

Described pulsation fluidizing drier, be provided with multicompartment fluidized bed in the casing, every laminarization bed below all disposes flow distributor and guiding device, the incline direction of adjacent fluid bed bed surface is opposite, except that the orlop fluid bed, the blanking end of all the other fluid beds and cabinet wall leave certain blanking space and constitute blanking channel, and the bottom and the end correspondence of the guiding device of fluid bed below configuration be provided with level, vertical clapboard, constitute a cavity with the bed surface of wall box, fluid bed.

Described pulsation fluidizing drier is provided with heat-insulation layer in the tank wall of drying box.

Its operation principle is: when flow distributor rotates, spacing between blade outer rim and the both sides cabinet wall constantly changes, promptly constantly open or close the both sides gas channel, thereby air-flow is blown in the bed of material with the hole that the form of pulsing sees through the fluid bed bed surface; The rotating speed that changes distributor can change ripple frequency, to satisfy the dry requirement of different material; Because the retaining of deep bead

The wind area begins to increase successively to the other end from air intake, thereby will be by hot air supply device for the thermal current that comes, along whole box body length be assigned to more equably fluid bed below, be blown in the bed of material from the hole of bed surface.Vibrator all is lifted on the flexible link together with fluid bed, the fluid bed bed surface reduces gradually along the material moving direction, inclined, blow to air-flow in the bed of material when see through bed surface with the pulsation form, bed momently will be blown off by the material that charging aperture adds, fall back to bed surface afterwards again, but because the inclination of bed, move along parabolic path when making material leave bed surface, be that fall the back position of bed surface of material is positioned at the place ahead of origin-location, thereby can accomplish that material can move in drying continuously, it is further dry that the material on upper strata falls into down one deck by material guide device, and operation principle is identical; Material guide device separates material channel with gas channel, the guide tube bottom is wedge shape, the long limit of wedge mouth is in face of the direction of motion of waste gas, thereby form certain vacuum in the exit of guide tube, further reduced the possibility that air-flow enters the guide tube, fundamentally solved " anti-stream " phenomenon that is produced when the less granular material of dry density falls, made the mass transport smoothness; When water content reaches requirement after discharging opening flows out outside the drying box, so this equipment can be realized continuous production; The vibration that vibrator produced is delivered to bed by flexible link, forces material to produce micro breadth oscillation, has further strengthened the locomotivity of material.

The present invention compares with existing pulsating fluidized bed, is on the technical foundation of " 200510042417.5 " at application number, has improved flow distributor, and has set up material guide device, has following advantage:

1, the area that keeps out the wind of deep bead begins to increase successively from air intake in the flow distributor, has improved the uniformity that thermal current distributes on bed;

2, set up material guide device, material channel has been separated with gas channel, fundamentally solved " anti-stream " phenomenon that is produced when the less granular material of dry density falls, made the mass transport smoothness.Therefore, further improve the serviceability of pulsate fluidizing drying machine, improved drying effect greatly.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the present invention adopts two-layer fluid bed embodiment;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of flow distributor embodiment among the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of another embodiment of flow distributor among the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of material guide device among the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged drawing embodiment illustrated in fig. 4.

The specific embodiment

1, charging aperture 2, fluid bed 3, casing 4, guiding device 5, air inlet 6, discharging opening 7, deep bead 8, vibrator 9, support 10, power set 11, blade 12, power transmission shaft 13, material guide device 14, blanking channel 15, driven sprocket 16, dividing plate 17, exhaust outlet 18, suspension rod 19, material receiving port 20, guide tube 21, supporting leg 22, heat-insulation layer 23, flexible link

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1,2,4,5, casing 3 tops are provided with charging aperture 1 and exhaust outlet 17, and sidewall is provided with air inlet 5, and the bottom is provided with discharging opening 6, and the bottom is provided with support 9.Be provided with the opposite two-layer fluid bed 2 of incline direction in the casing 3, lift by flexible link 23 together with vibrator 8, the upper end of flexible link 23 is lifted on the top of casing 3, vibrator 8 is positioned at the bottom of casing 3, fluid bed 2 is lifted in the casing 3, bed surface reduces gradually along the material moving direction, except that minimum blanking end, its excess-three limit is provided with rib, charging aperture 1 is positioned at the top at fluid bed 2 tops, discharging opening 6 is positioned at the end of fluid bed 2, so that utilize the panting action of air-flow and the vibration effect convey materials of vibrator 8, the blanking end of upper strata fluid bed 2 and casing 3 inwalls leave certain blanking space and constitute blanking channel 14, be provided with material guide device 13 in the blanking channel 14, the guide tube 20 that comprises material receiving port 19 and " people " font, guide tube 20 bottoms are wedge shape, the minor face of guide tube 20 is near casing 3 inwalls, crotch is positioned at the top of power transmission shaft 12, be convenient to material and fall into lower floor's fluid bed 2 by material guide device 13, the waste gas of lower floor then enters last layer by the cavity that material guide device 13 and blanking channel 14 are constituted, after converging with the waste gas on upper strata, discharge from exhaust outlet 17.The bottom of every laminarization bed 14 all disposes flow distributor and guiding device 4, the two ends of the power transmission shaft 12 in the flow distributor are supported on the casing 3 by bearing, one end stretches out outside the casing 3, driven sprocket 15 is equipped with in the end that power transmission shaft 12 stretches out outside the casing 3, drives running through power set 10.A plurality of deep beads 7 and many group blades 11 are housed on the power transmission shaft 12, and the quantity that the group number of blade 11 equals deep bead 7 subtracts 1, and each is organized blade 11 and is mutually 180 °, and the outer rim place circle diameter of each blade 11 is than the little 3mm of inwall width of casing 3.Therefore when flow distributor rotates, constantly open or close the both sides gas channel, its switching frequency is the twice of flow distributor rotating speed, and the area that keeps out the wind of deep bead 7 begins to increase successively to the other end from air intake, to guarantee that distribution of air flow is even substantially.Guiding device 4 is positioned at the below of flow distributor, and the air intake of guiding device 4 is aimed at air inlet 5.The bottom and the end correspondence of the guiding device 4 of upper strata fluid bed 2 configurations are provided with horizontal baffle 16 and vertical clapboard 16, constitute a cavity with the bed surface of casing 3 sidewalls, fluid bed 2, air inlet 5 is the inlet of cavity, and the hole on fluid bed 2 bed surfaces is the outlet of cavity; The cavity of lower floor's fluid bed 2 is made of the bed surface of fluid bed 2 and bottom surface, casing 3 sidewalls of casing 3, and principle is identical.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, every group of blade 11 of flow distributor is mutually 120 °, and the outer rim place circle diameter of each blade 11 is than the little 3mm of inwall width of casing 3.

Claims

1, a kind of pulsation fluidizing drier, comprise drying box (3), the fluid bed that bed surface reduces gradually along the material moving direction (2), guiding device (4), vibrator (8), flow distributor and power set (10), wherein the top of casing (3) is provided with charging aperture (1) and exhaust outlet (17), the sidewall of casing (3) is provided with the air inlet (5) that connects hot air supply device, the bottom of casing (3) is provided with discharging opening (6), vibrator (8) all is lifted on the flexible link (23) together with fluid bed (2), the upper end of flexible link (23) is lifted on the top of casing (3), vibrator (8) is positioned at the bottom of casing (3), flow distributor and guiding device (4) all be positioned at fluid bed (2) below, flow distributor comprises power transmission shaft (12) and is installed in blade (11) on the power transmission shaft (12), deep bead (7), the two ends of power transmission shaft (12) are supported on the casing (3) by bearing, one end stretches out outside the casing (3), driven sprocket (15) is equipped with in the end of power transmission shaft (12), drive rotation by power set (10), many group blades (11) are installed between the adjacent deep bead (7), it is characterized in that: the area that keeps out the wind that is installed in the deep bead (7) on the power transmission shaft (12) increases successively from air intake, set up material guide device (13) in the blanking channel (14) that between the blanking end of fluid bed (2) and casing (3) inwall, is constituted, the guide tube (20) that comprises material receiving port (19) and " people " font, guide tube (20) bottom is wedge shape, the minor face of guide tube (20) is near the inwall of casing (3), and crotch is positioned at the top of power transmission shaft (12).

2, pulsation fluidizing drier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: material guide device (13) is suspended in casing (3) top by suspension rod (18), and the outer wall of guide tube (20) is provided with supporting leg (21) and is supported on the inwall of casing (3).

3, pulsation fluidizing drier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: every group of blade (11) formed by two that are mutually 180 °, and the outer rim place circle diameter of each blade (11) is than the little 3～4mm of inwall width of casing (3).

4, pulsation fluidizing drier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: every group of blade (11) formed by three that are mutually 120 °, and the outer rim place circle diameter of each blade (11) is than the little 3～4mm of inwall width of casing (3).

5, pulsation fluidizing drier as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: fluid bed (2) is except that minimum blanking end, its excess-three limit is provided with rib, and charging aperture (1) is positioned at the top at fluid bed (2) top, and discharging opening (6) is positioned at the end of fluid bed (2).

6, pulsation fluidizing drier as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with multicompartment fluidized bed (2) in the casing (3), every laminarization bed (2) below all disposes flow distributor and guiding device (4), the incline direction of adjacent fluid bed (2) bed surface is opposite, except that orlop fluid bed (2), blanking end of all the other fluid beds (2) and casing (3) inwall leave certain blanking space and constitute blanking channel (14), and the bottom and the end correspondence of the guiding device (4) of fluid bed (2) below configuration are provided with level, vertical clapboard (16) is with casing (3) sidewall, the bed surface of fluid bed (2) constitutes a cavity.

7, pulsation fluidizing drier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with heat-insulation layer (22) in the tank wall of drying box (3).