CN1005211B - Water heater - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- CN1005211B CN1005211B CN85105231.2A CN85105231A CN1005211B CN 1005211 B CN1005211 B CN 1005211B CN 85105231 A CN85105231 A CN 85105231A CN 1005211 B CN1005211 B CN 1005211B
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- water heater
- shell
- plastic casing
- water
- ring flange
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a water heater with a jet combustion device and a combustion chamber, combusted gas flows out from a combustion chamber and flows into an annular space, and then, the combusted gas flows through an exhaust outlet arranged on a jet combustion device along a heat exchanger. A casing of the heat exchanger is made of plastic, the casing and a metal inner sleeve jointly form the annular space, and water is used as heat conducting medium and flows. The connection of the plastic casing and the metal inner sleeve is airtight and is in pressure resistance, and the stabilization can be maintained at temperature change time. As a result, the plastic casing can lighten the self weight of the water heater, and the reduction of heat flow loss of the casing can improve the efficiency of the water heater.
Description
The present invention relates to water heater, especially for the water heater of motor vehicle.This water heater has an air-cone and a combustion chamber, is surrounded by a heat exchanger.Form the outer fluid space of an annular between air-cone and combustion chamber and heat exchanger, burnt gas flows out from the combustion chamber, by annular outward fluid space be forced to the direction of switched in opposite, flow to exhaust outlet then.
Above-mentioned this water heater is used as motor vehicle heater or auxiliary heater.In the heat-conducting system of the water heater of routine, the combustion chamber that not only constitutes inwall is a metal, and shell also is steel, or the metal casting part.Consequently, it is very heavy that the water heater complete machine becomes, and selects steel or cast metal material also to limit the shaping of these parts.This is because will select suitable shape that it can be made under cost-effective condition, and using pressure casting method is exactly an example.In addition, the cast metal, for example steel because its thermal conductivity is good, has reduced the efficient of whole water heater thereby radiations heat energy causes heat to run off.The special disadvantageously shell of water heater also is the shell of complete machine, and heating when it is worked at water heater is so can only correspondingly be installed in it suitable position of motor vehicle.As a rule, shell need carry out surface treatment to reduce thermal conductivity.
No. the 2847525th, Germany's specification or Europe patent are being used for evaporimeter No. 0029859, point out in the explanation especially for the heat exchanger of air handling system, consider the specific (special) requirements of the heat exchanger of this evaporimeter made of plastic, to make a connecting box for it, by corresponding design, cooling fluid or cold-producing medium that apolegamy is consistent as far as possible.
Learn that a kind of heater that is used for motor vehicle is arranged from No. 8009473, Deutsche Bundespatent communique, there is a discharge pipe this heater inside, and pipe ends has two end plates, and this two end plates is connected with two water tanks respectively, and water tank is made by monoblock plastics.According to West Germany DE-OS2013754, a kind of heater is arranged, particularly a kind of air heater that is used for motor vehicle, there is an annular space its inside, at the end input fresh air in space, because the other end seals, air is forced to oppositely flow in another annular space.The housing that constitutes first annular space is to be made by two blocks of plastics.Because in this embodiment, fresh air is mobile along the inwall of these two plastic housings, so can not produce because the problem that unnecessary heat causes.The sort of connection of needed hermetic seal when particularly this air heater does not need to resemble metal parts and is connected with plastic components, resistance to compression and temperature resistance difference.Because this heater does not use liquid, seepage so can not take place in water for example.If use liquid seepage may take place, and seepage may make heater scrap, even may damage motor vehicle.
In view of above-mentioned knowledge; so we suppose in the structure of water heater; in order to form the annular space that heat-conducting medium is flow through; the parts that contact with the heat-conducting medium water all must be made by hard stainless steel or cast metal, guarantee that with this annular space can be isolated from the outside with hermetic seal and measuring body mode.In order to guarantee that this water heater can work stably in a long term, an above-mentioned difficult problem is generally acknowledged.
In addition, represented as United States Patent (USP) the 3779229th, routinely, after the conversion of heat-conducting medium heat, the hot gas that burnt is discharged by blast pipe, and blast pipe is through the annular space of heat-conducting medium flow path, because some local pyrexia points have appearred in the influence of effluent air temp around blast pipe.Near blast pipe, similar phenomenon has also appearred in the end, space of heat-conducting medium flow path, and this is because due to the burnt gas flow path cast member, No. the 4395225th, United States Patent (USP) had been done explanation to this.Only under the identical situation of the component materials character that is connected to each other, this pipeline could be sturdy and durable, so people are forced to the material that adopts identical materials or have identical hot property, make the valve jacket spare and the blast pipe of the annular space of liquid thermal conductivity media flow path.In water heater, the water that the be considered as heat-conducting medium annular space of heat-transfer device of must under certain working pressure promotes, directly flowing through, so all junctions must be resistance to compression and hermetic seal.
Like this, the invention provides a kind of water heater mentioned above, its objective is the above said difficult problem of solution.This water heater is compact to design, has alleviated weight, and good airproof performance also is fit to mass production.Particularly it is hermetic seal and measuring body, and can keep the flowing space of heat-conducting medium isolated with the external world reliably.
Key of the present invention is a heat exchanger.This heat exchanger has a plastic shell and a metal interior cover.Heat-conducting medium flows between shell and interior cover.Shell is airtight with being connected of interior cover, and is measuring body, and is not acted upon by temperature changes.
Unexpected, it is found that shell has not only constituted boundary's wall of the annular space that heat-conducting medium flows through, be again the shell of water heater simultaneously.This shell can be used the plastics manufacturing, thereby has alleviated the weight of heater greatly.Simultaneously, make shell with plastics and also provide possibility for random designed enclosures shape, because the condition restriction, particularly plastic casing that needn't make its structural requirement remove to satisfy metal casting can be accomplished hermetic seal with being connected of inner metal sleeve, resistance to compression also keeps stable in variations in temperature.And, to compare with the heater of band metal shell, the outer cover intensity of this water heater is not inferior yet.
This invention makes that making heat exchanger housing with plastics becomes possibility.Particularly because the hot waste gas blast pipe is to be positioned near the air-cone, rather than the heat transfer medium flows of flowing through, the annular space of forming by shell and interior cover, gas is also without the end of enclosed annular space simultaneously.Connection between plastic casing and the inner metal sleeve is away from blast pipe, so too high temperature can not give rise to trouble in the junction yet.The temperature of junction is with roughly the same as the temperature of heat-conducting medium water.As heat-conducting medium, the temperature of water is much lower than the temperature of waste gas in the blast pipe.Therefore, according to the present invention, make under the situation of water, the junction is to be arranged in so-called low-temperature space.
The present invention uses plastics to make shell, compares with metal shell, and it also makes skin temperature reduce except making shell weight alleviates greatly.Because the hot-fluid that heat radiation is caused loss reduces, water heater has higher efficient.Because the shell of water heater of the present invention is made with plastics, its temperature can not resemble the metal shell high, so needn't consider the problem of its heating when water heater is installed.Simultaneously, plastic casing does not need to carry out surface treatment yet.Owing to cancelled the required operation of additional processing in advance of metal shell, so this heater is well suited for producing by batch.The shell materials are preferably selected thermosetting plastics for use.Even this shell does not carry out surface treatment, also be salt water resistance and erosion-resisting.
Because the present invention has adopted a kind of easy constructive method that is rich in, improved the efficient of water heater.As for the water heater that is installed on the motor vehicle, because of its deadweight alleviates greatly, then advantage seems outstanding especially.
For most preferred embodiment, being connected between plastic casing and the inner metal sleeve is hermetic seal, measuring body, and can keep stable in temperature changing process.And under any circumstance, this connection can both adapt to the desired condition of work of water heater, and it all is easy connecting and assembling.Selected for use the bonding lacquer of dryness to realize bonding connection from embodiment.This adhesive does not corrode joint face, after chemical reaction, and bonding lacquer sticks together plastic casing and inner metal sleeve securely.
For hard sealing of protecting the junction, also can take other measures, as the employing O-ring seals, or the junction between metal and plastics is coated with a kind of sealant.
Use plastic casing greatly to simplify the manufacturing of deflection plate.Baffle means adopts current limliting fin form on the inwall of plastic casing, and needn't be shaped interior putting with metal casting.Compare with the metal casting part, the characteristics of plastic components make design more flexible.
According to the present invention, because shell is made of plastics, feedwater and water drainage part are during fabrication, can directly injection moulding on shell, and can not bring difficulty to manufacturing, also can make for wet part and water drainage part respectively, for example with metal when the plastic casing injection moulding and shell link together; Or the Same Way that is connected with inner metal sleeve with above-mentioned plastic casing connects.
Even giving wet part and water drainage part all is made of plastic together with shell, they still can be connected with metal connecting piece, then tube connector are linked to each other with metal connecting piece again.The installation advantage of this water heater is, when the material of metal and hose connector adapts, from hose connector, connector so that to give, connection the water drainage part can carry out according to a conventional method.
At last, according to the present invention, use plastic casing to make that the injection moulding optional feature becomes possibility on shell.They can be used for device such as bunch of cables, also can be injection molded into cable trough or as the fixing and bracing or strutting arrangement of heater.Can on plastic casing, open a little holes in addition, so that the auxiliary equipment such as thermostat to be installed without difficultyly.
As mentioned above, according to the present invention, make the weight that shell has not only alleviated water heater greatly with plastics, bringing simultaneously with weight reduction does not have direct relation, beat all benefit yet.
Referring to accompanying drawing, and by following description, in conjunction with diagram to several embodiment, above-mentioned purpose of the present invention and further purpose, its characteristics and advantage all show more obviously.
Accompanying drawing is briefly described below:
Fig. 1 is the part sectioned view of whole water heater.
Fig. 2 is the plastic casing partial sectional view.
Fig. 3 to Fig. 6 is several embodiment that plastic casing is connected with inner metal sleeve.Water is as the heat-conducting medium annular space that plastic casing and inner metal sleeve constitute of flowing through.
Fig. 7 is the partial sectional view of plastic casing.
Fig. 8 to Figure 10 is other embodiment that plastic casing is connected with inner metal sleeve.
Being described in detail as follows of most preferred embodiment:
Fig. 1 represents water heater according to the present invention, its integral body of said water heater is 1 with reference to piece number.Water heater 1 has an air-cone, and this device stretches in the combustion chamber 3.Facing to air-cone 2,3 tail end burnt gas is forced to turn to and flows into an annular vent space 4 in the combustion chamber, and flows along heat exchanger 5 in this space.Burnt gas is flowed through after the heat exchanger 5, through near the dried up heater of 6 rows of the blast pipes the air-cone 2.Air-cone 2 among the figure, combustion chamber 3 and exhaust space 4 only reach with graphic technique and are explained in specification, make the people understand the present invention.
As implied above, plastic casing 11 is not only the outer wall of heat exchanger, still is the shell of water heater 1 simultaneously.A casing 19 is arranged, the various control elements of the heater of can packing on the outer wall 18 of shell 11.And make such casing, can't make manufacture process more complicated.Equally, also can make fixing and support heater 1 and other annex, device as thermostat, because the major part of the plastics outer wall 18 of shell 11 can both arbitrarily be shaped, casing 19 and fixed mount 20 be two examples just, and about fixed mount, it can be with the clamping plate of a unshowned cast form, pass the hollow space of fixed mount 20, water heater 1 is fixed on the corresponding site of motor vehicle.
Fig. 2 is the details drawing of whole plastic casing 11.Represent feedwater and water drainage part respectively with reference to piece number 14 and 15.Water is poured into and is discharged heat exchanger 5 by them.Plastic casing is cup-shaped, and its inwall 13 has constituted a board of the annular space 7 of heat exchanger 5.Casing 19 and fixed mount 20 are positioned on the outer wall 18 of shell 11, and be also represented by Fig. 2.
Fig. 3 to Fig. 6 describes the various connected modes between plastic casing 11 and the inner metal sleeve 10 in detail.These connections are hermetic seals, and are measuring body, and can keep stable when variations in temperature, and interior cover 10 is aluminium castings.Very natural, various methods of attachment shown among Fig. 3 to Fig. 6 can combine, and also can exchange.
Fig. 3 represents to be threaded 21.A threaded hole 22 is arranged on the ring flange 17 of plastic casing 11; There is a countersunk 23 to cooperate on the ring flange 16 of interior cover 10 with screwed hole 22.With screw 24 ring flange 16 and 17 is coupled together securely.As shown in the figure, settle an O-ring seals 25 between the contacted parts of outer wall of the inwall of plastic casing 11 and inner metal sleeve 10, it is tight by two wall pressures.After screw 24 was tightened, connection 21 had guaranteed the gas tightness of annular space.Although Fig. 3 only shows the screw of ring flange at 21 places, can around ring flange 16 and 17, use several screws equably as required.
Fig. 4 has represented a kind of bonding connection, and its whole numbering is 26.The inner face of ring flange 16 and ring flange 17 outer surfaces have constituted makes its adhesive surface that is bonded together 27.Scribble the bonding lacquer of a kind of dryness on the adhesive surface 27, after chemical reaction, this lacquer solidifies the formation hermetic seal between inner metal sleeve 10 and plastic casing 11, resistance to compression, and can keep stable connection when variations in temperature, and this lacquer can not corrode the coupling part between plastic casing 11 and the inner metal sleeve 10.Certainly, adhesive surface must have sizable area to guarantee that the connection between shell on the adhesive surface 27 11 and interior cover 10 is safe and reliable.In addition, for the sake of assurance, as shown in Figure 1, also can select for use a metal ring cover 8 with ring flange 16 and 17 covers.
Connection label among Fig. 5 is 28.It is to mill processing and the injection molding of cast form with one to overlap 29 the ring flange 17 of plastic casing 11 and the ring flange 16 of inner metal sleeve wrapped.To overlap 29 engaging force in order guaranteeing to be shaped, a protuberance 30,31 that direction is opposite respectively to be arranged on the ring flange 16 and 17.
Riveted connects 32 plastic casing 11 and inner metal sleeve 10 is coupled together among Fig. 6.On the ring flange 16 of interior cover 10 several holes 33 is arranged, plastic rivet assembly after it matches, adds thermosetting riveted joint 35 by these holes.For the reliability that guarantees to seal, on ring flange 16 and 17 corresponding sealing surfaces 36 and 37, scribble a kind of sealant.This sealant also can be used for other above-mentioned connection.Equally, in order to increase this connection stability, can also use that said shaping cover is used as outer wrapper attached among Fig. 5.Other various concrete methods of attachment also can mix uses or intercourses.
Fig. 7 for example understands the structure of giving wet part 14 and water drainage part 15 of heat exchanger 5.In this embodiment, parts 14 and 15 are shaped with plastic casing 11.Although do not add explanation, also on the plastic casing 11 two holes are arranged as can be seen, to insert again among the plastic casing 11 when the parts 14 and 15 of Zhi Zaoing are in the end assembled respectively, the identical or similar method illustrated with Fig. 3 to Fig. 6 is connected it with shell.In this case, feedwater and water drainage part can be made with metal alloy.Fig. 7 explanation can be inserted metal connecting piece 45 among feedwater and water drainage part 14 and 15 that shell is shaped, and the similarity method with Fig. 3 to Fig. 6 explanation couples together again.Connector is used for connecting water pipe, so just can water pipe head be connected on the metal parts with usual way.
Fig. 8, Fig. 9 and Figure 10 have represented to be connected other embodiment of plastic casing 11 and inner metal sleeve 10.The part consistent or similar with the foregoing description used same as piece number.
As shown in Figure 8, the ring flange 16 of inner metal sleeve 10 is made into thick and circular.Its external zones almost is in the same plane of plastic casing 11 inwalls.For the ring flange 16 of the interior cover 10 that makes such design is connected with shell 11, contacted part is bonded together.In this case, adhesive surface is along the direction as far as possible extension parallel with the longitudinal axis of inner metal sleeve 10 with plastic casing 11.For the purpose of sealing, between air-cone 2 and ring flange 16, settled an O-ring seals 25.In this embodiment, enough big adhesive surface might with shell 11 and the parallel existence of the longitudinal axis of interior cover 10, simultaneously, also must consider along the thickness of the plastic casing material of radial direction.
Fig. 9 represents a kind of similar embodiment.It is a kind of design of two unifications.In annular element 38 is welded on and places then on the outer wall of inner metal sleeve 10 between the inwall of the outer wall of cover 10 and shell 11.Annular element 38 almost extends to the inwall of shell 11, and as the situation among Fig. 8, it is bonding correspondingly to have formed the large tracts of land that is parallel to interior cover 10 and shell 11 longitudinal axis.In Fig. 9, also there is one to place the ring flange 46 of air-cone 2 and the O-ring seals 25 between the annular element 38.
According to the embodiment among Figure 10, the ring flange 16 of interior cover 10 is to make like this, roughly on the inner wall surface of plastic casing 11, lay with surface 9 coaxial hearts, the longitudinal axis of ring surface 39 parallel housings 10, extend bond plastic shell 11 on the ring surface 39 of ring flange 16 forward along the direction of leaving air-cone 2.Owing between ring surface 39 and interior cover 10, exist space 40, or overlap in saying on 10 the cylinder body groove is arranged, so the heat that plastic casing 11 on the annular element of ring flange 16 and the bonding opposed face 9 between the inner metal sleeve 10 are distributed plays heat-blocking action.Bonding connection face just is unlikely and overheats like this.
Although, illustrate according to the present invention and to have explained various embodiment, should be understood that understanding this invention is not limited in these embodiment.It is not difficult that those people that are proficient in this technology are done some change.Therefore, determinate to above-mentioned diagram and explanation right and wrong of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1, be specially adapted to the water heater of motor vehicles, one air-cone and a combustion chamber are arranged, burnt gas is discharged from the combustion chamber, turn to then and flow into the combustion gas space, flow to the exhaust outlet that is arranged on the air-cone along a heat exchanger, this heat exchanger has an annular space, this annular space is to constitute by a shell with by the interior cover with the metal manufacturing, shell and in put ring flange, described annular space has a current limliting inside spin rib-type deflection plate, and an admission port and a discharge outlet arranged, flow into and discharge from admission port and discharge outlet as the water of heat exchange medium, it is characterized in that: shell (11) is made with plastics, and being connected between interior cover (10) and the shell (11) is airtight, measuring body, and can in temperature changing process, keep stable connection.
2, water heater as claimed in claim 1, its characteristics are: the formed hermetic seal of ring flange (16,17) of inner metal sleeve (10) and plastic casing (11), resistance to compression also can keep stable connection in temperature changing process, be threaded (21) finish, and put into an O-ring seals (25).
3, water heater according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the formed hermetic seal of ring flange (16,17) of inner metal sleeve (10) and plastic casing (11), resistance to compression also can keep stable being connected in temperature changing process, be a kind of bonding.
4, water heater according to claim 1, its characteristics are: the formed hermetic seal of ring flange (16,17) of inner metal sleeve (10) and plastic casing (11), resistance to compression also can keep stable being connected in temperature changing process, are to form a shell with an injection molding cover (29).
5, water heater according to claim 1, its characteristics are: the formed hermetic seal of ring flange (16,17) of inner metal sleeve (10) and plastic casing (11), resistance to compression also can keep stable being connected in temperature changing process, are to adopt riveted to connect (32).
6, according to any one described water heater in the claim 2～5, it is characterized in that: the contact-making surface (36) of the join domain of inner metal sleeve (10) and plastic wrapper (11) has sealant (37).
7, water heater according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the deflection plate that exists with current limliting inside spin fin (12) form is on the inner surface (13) that is injection-moulded in metal shell (11).
8, water heater according to claim 1 is characterized in that: feedwater and water drainage part (14,15) are to be molded on the plastic casing (11).
9, water heater according to claim 1 is characterized in that: feedwater and water drainage part (14,15) are made respectively, with the mentioned any method of attachment of claim 2 to 6, are installed on the metallo-plastic shell (11).
10, according to Claim 8 or the water heater described in 9, its characteristics are: feedwater and water drainage part (14,15) and metal connecting piece link together.
11, water heater according to claim 1 is characterized in that: for support, fixing cord, heater 1 and (perhaps) other annex such as thermostat one class device, have a cable trough (19) to be molded into the outer surface (18) of plastic casing (11).
12, water heater according to claim 1 is characterized in that: on the ring flange (16) of interior cover (10), an annular element (38) or a ring surface (39) are arranged, make the plastic casing (11) can be bonding along the longitudinal axis of heater 1 abreast.
13, water heater according to claim 12 is characterized in that: annular element (38) is the parts of opening in a minute, is welded on the interior cover (10).
14, according to the water heater described in claim 12 or 13, it is characterized in that: being present between ring surface (39) and interior cover (10) outer surface has a space, and it is provided with for heat insulation.
15, water heater according to claim 3 is characterized in that described inner metal sleeve and plastic casing are bonding bonding with adhesive.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85105231.2A CN1005211B (en) | 1985-07-08 | 1985-07-08 | Water heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85105231.2A CN1005211B (en) | 1985-07-08 | 1985-07-08 | Water heater |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85105231A CN85105231A (en) | 1987-01-07 |
| CN1005211B true CN1005211B (en) | 1989-09-20 |
Family
ID=4794342
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85105231.2A Expired CN1005211B (en) | 1985-07-08 | 1985-07-08 | Water heater |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1005211B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2854229A1 (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2004-10-29 | Realisation Mecaniques Engenee | Heat exchanger for use in gas boiler, has primary and secondary heat exchanger arranged to transverse flow of hot air towards interstice of exchangers, and duct passing another flow of hot air into secondary exchanger |
| CN100412461C (en) * | 2006-09-28 | 2008-08-20 | 山东大学 | Heat exchanger for fuel oil heater with heat exchange pipe |
| CN101922792B (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2012-02-29 | 无锡锡州机械有限公司 | Cylindrical heat exchanger |
| CN101943475B (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2012-05-30 | 无锡锡州机械有限公司 | Combustion chamber structure for heat exchanger |
| CN103352741B (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2015-12-09 | 杭叉集团股份有限公司 | Main cooler assembly |
| DE102013020469A1 (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-11 | Webasto SE | Heat exchanger and method for producing a heat exchanger |
| CN107816800A (en) * | 2016-09-11 | 2018-03-20 | 郎风 | Multiple-effect heater |
| EP3517874B1 (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2023-09-13 | Valeo Autosystemy SP. Z.O.O. | Heat exchanging module having a housing comprising an inner frame and an outer frame |
-
1985
- 1985-07-08 CN CN85105231.2A patent/CN1005211B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN85105231A (en) | 1987-01-07 |
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