CN100520863C - Sectional type consumer waste ecological burying simulating device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological landfill simulation device for sectional type household garbage, comprising an upper end reactor, a hollow post and a lower end reactor which are connected with each other in the same axis line from top to bottom. The hollow post is in favor of the establishment of the environment of 'from aerobiosis to oxygen poor to anaerobic process' under the whole simulation environment, facilitates percolation liquid to have natural re-oxygenation when the percolation liquid drips in the hollow post, strengthens the nitrification and promotes the elimination of nitrogen in garbage dump bodies while methanogenesis is not interfered. With the operation of the simulation device, the nitrogen migration and transformation and the variation rule of nitrogen circulation function microbial community structure of the percolation liquid in artificial recharge process are identified and provide theoretical base for actual construction application. Meanwhile, after the disassembly of the hollow post in the invention, the upper end reactor and lower end reactor can be respectively assembled into general integral type garbage ecological landfill simulation devices, which are used for implementing garbage degradation research experiment in the artificial recharge process of the percolation liquid under general condition and greatly widens the application scope of the invention.

Description

Sectional type consumer waste ecological burying simulating device

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of sectional type consumer waste ecological burying simulating device, belong to environmental technology field.

Background technology

Along with the raising of the urbanization and the resident living level of consumption, the generation of domestic waste grows with each passing day.Sanitary landfill is as a kind of final processing disposal options, and, reduced investment simple with its technology, the characteristics that treatment capacity is big, operating cost is low have obtained widespread use, are that one of the most frequently used method is disposed in domestic waste harmless treatment both at home and abroad at present.Yet, this technology also exposed day by day goes out its limitation, as take up an area of that big, difficult, the peripheral ecoscape of addressing destroys serious, stench and mosquitos and flies multiplies, the high-concentration hardly-degradable percolate that distinct issues are a large amount of complicated components of meeting generation in the landfill process the most, character is changeable, ammonia nitrogen in high density wherein is especially difficult.And aspect percolate processing disposal technology, the existing most refuse landfills of China lack special percolate and handle disposal facility, even the technical three grades of emission standards that also are primarily aimed at percolate high concentration COD, BOD of the landfill yard of these facilities are arranged, then still there is not the ability that solves percolate ammonia nitrogen in high density problem economically.According to reports, if make percolate water quality reach the ammonia nitrogen emission standard (25mg/L) of regulation in " household refuse landfill sites pollution control criterion " (GB16889-1997), operating cost is all up to 30～45 yuan/ton, for domestic most garbage loading embeadings place is difficult to bear outside the venue.Thereby the percolate that contains ammonia nitrogen in high density in a large number mainly relies on to be received pipe dilution and enters the municipal wastewater pipe network and handle, and has directly caused pollutant transfer, water body eutrophication degree aggravation and municipal wastewater to handle serious problems such as cost of disposal increases substantially.

Be that the bio-reactor garbage loading embeading technology of feature has for garbage loading embeading heap body necessary moisture is provided with the leachate recirculation, promote aerogenesis and the stabilization of piling body, improve leachate quality, reduce characteristics such as percolate generation, caused domestic and international researcher's extensive concern, also existing part practical engineering application.Yet a large amount of researchs show that also because junk-heap body belongs to anaerobic environment, denitrification is obvious, but not good to the removal effect of ammonia nitrogen.For the flora structural change situation of the removal efficient, the migration transformation rule of verifying nitrogen in the leachate recirculation process and the denitrification microorganism that improve ammonia nitrogen, at present this a large amount of theoretical researches are carried out.These researchs utilize the home-made contrivance simulation to carry out mostly under laboratory environment.Common analogue means generally comprises rubbish loading system, leachate recirculation system, gas gathering system etc.Apparatus main body is the rubbish loading system, and is often cylindrical, adopts organic glass or PVC to make.For improving the junk-heap body anaerobic environment, promoting ammonia nitrogen removal, there is the scholar to propose in the original junk-heap body of analogue means, to set up ventilating system.So design can effectively increase the oxygen content in the junk-heap body, help the conversion of ammonia nitrogen, but also there is drawback in setting up of this system: junk-heap body ventilates, and is unfavorable for the growth of methanogen, has suppressed aerogenesis and heap body stabilization.In addition, be that the ambient temperature reduce the experimental provision run duration disturbs, the temperature difference influence that brings of seasonal variations especially manyly in the present research is put in analogue means in the constant temperature enclosure that temperature-controlling system is housed.But because the general volume of analogue means is little, be used for placing as building a constant temperature enclosure separately, capital construction and operating cost are higher; And as with the reactor of other class with being put in the constant temperature enclosure, then will produce the difference that different temperatures is selected between different reactor, what be unfavorable for studying carries out.

In sum as can be known, ecological burying The Application of Technology key is the removal problem that solves the percolate ammonia nitrogen in high density.Though organic degradation rule is verified in present laboratory theoretical research substantially, but fail also that the migration of nitrogen form transforms and Nitrogen Cycling functional microorganism flora diversity Changing Pattern in the clear and definite leachate recirculation process, can not provide theoretical foundation to practical engineering application.Therefore, to be suitable for the low and analogue means that be beneficial to ammonia nitrogen removal of the operating cost of laboratory study be the key point that addresses these problems in exploitation.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a cover can move, help the percolate ammonia nitrogen removal under laboratory conditions consumer waste ecological burying simulating device.

Sectional type consumer waste ecological burying simulating device of the present invention, the upper end reactor that comprises coaxial cable connection from top to bottom, open column and lower end reactor, on, the housing of lower end reactor has chuck respectively, in chuck, be provided with the fair water fin of spiral surrounding housing, chuck is provided with water inlet and water delivering orifice, water inlet is communicated with the hot water outlet pipe of temperature control system, the uniform aperture of base of upper end reactor, device ventilation and gas sampling valve on the top cover of upper end reactor, temp probe and tensimeter, shower nozzle is installed on top in the reactor of upper end, the bottom that reaches the upper end reactor below shower nozzle is provided with filtering layer respectively, top and bottom at the lower end reactor are provided with filtering layer respectively, on each reactor, the cavity that forms between the following filtering layer is the sanitary fill chamber, the below of each reactor is provided with the percolate sample tap that is communicated with cavity, the percolate sample tap links to each other with the leachate collection bucket through pipeline, the outlet of leachate collection bucket links to each other with shower nozzle through pump, offers the ventilating opening of plug with holes on the wall of open column.

Above-mentioned filtering layer can insert and put gravel bed by upper and lower two-layer stainless (steel) wire and constitute.

Apparatus of the present invention are according to the ammonia nitrogen in high density in the biological denitrificaion principle removal percolate, the biological denitrificaion principle generally comprises nitrification and two steps of denitrification, promptly earlier under aerobic condition, ammonia nitrogen is changed into nitrous acid, nitrate by nitrobacteria, subsequently under anoxia condition further by the denitrifying bacterium effect, nitrate and nitrite are reduced into nitrogen, are discharged in the environment.The emphasis of bio-denitrification technology is finishing of nitrification, and the construction of aerobic environment is the key of reaction.Sectional type consumer waste ecological burying simulating device by two independently the open column of ecological burying analogue reactor and perforate all around form, be followed successively by " upper end reactor-open column-lower end reactor " from top to bottom.Load junk-heap body in the upper and lower end reactor, built anaerobic environment, realize denitrification when percolate is flowed in the heap body.The open column part that adds can realize ventilating and handle, and builds aerobic environment, after making leachate recirculation, the state of change oxygen lack behind process ground floor junk-heap body is realized natural reaeration, is finished nitrification when percolate is dripped in open column, promote the conversion of ammonia nitrogen.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is:

(1) this device has added the open column part between two reactors, can make whole device form good " aerobic-anoxic-anaerobism " environment, after making leachate recirculation, the state of change oxygen lack behind process ground floor junk-heap body, realize natural reaeration when percolate is dripped in open column, finish nitrification, promote the further removal of nitrogen in following one deck junk-heap body.In other experiments, be the way that promotes nitrification, perforate is ventilated in junk-heap body, this device has reduced the disturbance to biological community structure in the junk-heap body, especially methanogen is so also can guarantee to produce carrying out smoothly of methane process in the percolate denitrogenation.

(2) this device open column is flexible with being connected of two reactors, capable of being combined, detachable, when disassembling open column, two reactors can be assembled into common integral refuse ecological burying simulating device, are used for carrying out the Study on degradation experiment of leachate recirculation process rubbish under the normal state.Therefore apparatus of the present invention can be served different experimental designs, have expanded the scope of application of device greatly.

(3) this device reaction device main body peripheral hardware chuck, and connect the temperature adjusting system, and changed in the past to guaranteeing that reactor is in the way that isoperibol is positioned over a room separately, effectively saved the cost of creating isoperibol, maintenance management is convenient, and heat insulation effect is desirable more.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of sectional type consumer waste ecological burying simulating device

Embodiment

With reference to Fig. 1, sectional type consumer waste ecological burying simulating device of the present invention comprises upper end reactor I, open column II and the lower end reactor III of coaxial cable connection from top to bottom, can directly adopt flange 15 to connect.The housing of upper end reactor I and lower end reactor III has chuck 17 respectively, is provided with the fair water fin 16 of spiral surrounding housing in chuck 17, can prevent in the chuck current inequality of being heated; Chuck 17 is provided with water inlet 3 and water delivering orifice 12, and water inlet 3 links to each other by water-supply-pipe with the hot water outlet of temperature control system 9; The base 19 uniform apertures of upper end reactor I, so that be seeped in the open column under the percolate, device ventilation and gas sampling valve 1, temp probe 2 and tensimeter 10 on the top cover 18 of upper end reactor I, shower nozzle 11 is installed on top in the reactor I of upper end, the bottom that reaches the upper end reactor below shower nozzle 11 is provided with filtering layer respectively, top and bottom at lower end reactor III also are provided with filtering layer respectively, and in the illustrated example, filtering layer inserts and puts gravel bed 4 by upper and lower two-layer stainless (steel) wire 5 and constitutes.The cavity that forms between the upper and lower filtering layer of each reactor is sanitary fill chamber 6, the below of each reactor is provided with the percolate sample tap 7 that is communicated with cavity, need for ease of percolate outflow and sampling, generally be symmetrical arranged two sample taps at same surface level.Percolate sample tap 7 links to each other with leachate collection bucket 13 through pipeline, and the outlet of leachate collection bucket 13 links to each other with shower nozzle 11 through pump 14; On the wall of open column II, offer the ventilating opening 8 of eight plugs with holes.In the legend, the ventilating opening extension on the cylinder, the epitaxial part front end is processed into screw-like, makes corresponding nut, and it is airtight to be used for cylinder.

During experiment, in the cavity of upper and lower end reactor, put into junk-heap body, utilize the temperature adjusting system in the reactor shell chuck, to feed hot water, and the current temperature constant in the control importing chuck is in the predefined value of experiment.Utilize pump that the percolate in the leachate collection bucket is regularly evenly watered to junk-heap body by shower nozzle, the speed of recharging can utilize pump to regulate.Regularly gather percolate according to predefined sample frequency, and carry out water analysis from the sample tap of reactor.When the open column ventilating opening is airtight, can be from the gas sampling mouth sample analysis gas componant and the concentration of top cover, also can be by gaseous tension and junk-heap body temperature in tensimeter and the temp probe monitoring reaction device.According to the experiment needs, but but also forced draft of open column ventilating opening natural ventilation is opened the stopple of open column ventilating opening, be the natural ventilation state.As desire further to improve nitrification, can adopt the forced draft measure, promptly at the external air-blast device in ventilating opening place.

Claims (1)

1. sectional type consumer waste ecological burying simulating device, it is characterized in that comprising the upper end reactor (I) of coaxial cable connection from top to bottom, open column (II) and lower end reactor (III), on, lower end reactor (I, III) housing has chuck (17) respectively, in chuck (17), be provided with the fair water fin (16) of spiral surrounding housing, chuck (17) is provided with water inlet (3) and water delivering orifice (12), water inlet (3) is communicated with the hot water outlet pipe of temperature control system (9), the uniform aperture of base (19) of upper end reactor (I), the top cover (18) of upper end reactor (I) is gone up device ventilation and gas sampling valve (1), temp probe (2) and tensimeter (10), shower nozzle (11) is installed on top in the upper end reactor (I), in the below of shower nozzle (11) and the bottom of upper end reactor filtering layer is set respectively, top and bottom at lower end reactor (III) are provided with filtering layer respectively, on each reactor, the cavity that forms between the following filtering layer is sanitary fill chamber (6), the below of each reactor is provided with the percolate sample tap (7) that is communicated with cavity, percolate sample tap (7) links to each other with leachate collection bucket (13) through pipeline, the outlet of leachate collection bucket (13) links to each other with shower nozzle (11) through pump (14), offer the ventilating opening (8) of plug with holes on the wall of open column (II), said filtering layer is by last, two-layer stainless (steel) wire (5) inserts and puts gravel bed (4) formation down.

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