CN100516818C - Artificial joint simple simulated wear test method and its test machine - Google Patents
Artificial joint simple simulated wear test method and its test machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN100516818C CN100516818C CNB2005100184538A CN200510018453A CN100516818C CN 100516818 C CN100516818 C CN 100516818C CN B2005100184538 A CNB2005100184538 A CN B2005100184538A CN 200510018453 A CN200510018453 A CN 200510018453A CN 100516818 C CN100516818 C CN 100516818C
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Abstract
The invention disclose a artificial joint simplified abrading simulating test method which simulating by certain means artificial joint motion and the stress, and is of simple structure and low cost. With two perpendicular round plate as the abrading sample which the upper plate stands for the human joint simulating swing and the benting motion when walking, and the lower plate stands for the human joint simulating reverse rotating when walking; the upper plate cast the dynamic and static loading on the lower plate which is cast on the joint bearing surface when walking. The invention also discloses a test machine for above purpose. Using the two plates as sample replacing the artificial joint normal test machine uses, the test machine is greatly simplified and overcomes the defects that normal test machine is of poor simulating ability, while simpler and cheaper than the existing test machine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of simulation experiment method and equipment that is used for the joint prosthesis wear test, a kind of specifically artificial joint simple simulated wear test method and testing machine thereof.
Background technology
The inefficacy of joint prosthesis 73.3% at present all is to be caused by the caused aseptic loosening institute of wear particle.This ratio is ten times of second largest failure cause-infection.Therefore reduce wearing and tearing, the particle that reduces wear is the key subject that prolongs the joint prosthesis survival at present.
In-vitro simulated wear test is an important means of clinical preceding joint prosthesis Wear Resistance.It is when improving the joint prosthesis wearing quality, and the risk of bringing to the patient when reducing the application of novel artificial joint also provides powerful measure for the wear-resisting mechanism research of joint prosthesis.The abrasion test of joint prosthesis at present has two classes: the one, adopt common abrasion tester, as: pin dish machine, pin plate machine etc. [is seen Besong, A A; Jin, Z M; Fisher, J:Importance of pin geometry on pin-on-plate weartesting of hard-on-hard bearing materials for artificial hip joints.Proc.IMechE., Part H, Journal of Engineering in Medicine, Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 2001,215, Part H, 605-610.].At the bottom of the characteristics of this class test were expense, the time was fast, but falls far short with joint prosthesis abrasive conditions in human body, and test effect is very limited.Another kind of is that joint prosthesis wearing and tearing analog machine [is seen Calonius, O; Saikko, V:Slide trackanalysis of eight contemporary hip simulator designs.Journal of Biomechanics, 2002, Vol.35, pp 1439-1450.].This analoglike machine is anthropomorphic dummy worker joint motion and load condition in vivo on three-dimensional basis, and its wear results is more near clinical.But the construction cost costliness, the testing expenses height, test period is long, thereby also influences and limited the joint prosthesis tribology research.Therefore be necessary to consider, design a kind of device between common abrasion tester and joint prosthesis wearing and tearing simulation test machine, be used for the tribology research of joint prosthesis based on the balance of terseness and simulation accuracy.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: a kind of artificial joint motions and force-bearing situation of simulating to a certain extent is provided, and simultaneously simple in structure, artificial joint simple simulated wear test method that cost and testing expenses are low and testing machine thereof.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of artificial joint simple simulated wear test method, it is characterized in that: with two-phase up and down mutually vertical disk serve as the friction sample, on behalf of the human body ball and socket joint, last disk make reciprocally swinging simulating leg when walking flexion and extension around its axle, and on behalf of the human body cotyla, lower disc do back and forth to rotate to simulate the inside and outside rotation of people's leg when walking; And act on when applying with human body walking vertically downward by last disk the joint load-bearing surface dynamically or static load.
The pattern of the reciprocally swinging of described upward disk, the reciprocal rotation of lower disc and load parameter meets the physiological characteristic of body gait.
Described upward disk and lower disc can replace with artificial ball and socket joint and joint prosthesis mortar.
The described pendulum angle of disk or joint prosthesis head of going up is approximately from-15 ° to+30 °; The rotational angle amplitude of lower disc or joint prosthesis mortar approximately is ± 10 °.
Described dynamic load is bimodal curve or other form; When adopting bimodal curve, two load peaks can be the preceding half cycle (about 0.5 second) that the dynamic load cycle period is formed and occupied to the positive half cycle of 0.5 second sine wave by two cycles that link to each other; The amplitude at two peaks is about 3 times of human body average weight.When adopting the disk sample, should adopt stress simulation, when direct employing joint prosthesis sample, then can be to the human body weight direct modeling, the about 2500-3000N of the amplitude of two peak values at this moment.The later half cycle of load is about 0.1kN weighing apparatus load or corresponding constant stress.Except adopting bimodal curve, the bimodal part of dynamic load also can be by other forms of waveform, as square wave, and replacements such as triangular wave.The means that apply of load can adopt gravity weights, pneumatic, servo-hydraulic and electromagnetic method.
A kind of artificial joint simple simulated wear test machine is made up of last disk 1, lower disc 2, reservoir for lubricant 3, axial support bearing 4, inside and outside rotation of drive rod 5, coupling shaft 6, flexion and extension driving stem 7, movable connecting rod 8, reducer casing 9, motion output crank 10, gravity counterweight 11, CD-ROM drive motor 12, worktable 13, load curve cam support 14, load curve cam 15, load lever 16 and load lever bracing frame 17; Gravity counterweight 11 is suspended on load bar bar and is positioned at for 16 times below worktable 13 table tops, disk 1, lower disc 2, reservoir for lubricant 3, axial support bearing 4, inside and outside rotation of drive rod 5, coupling shaft 6, flexion and extension driving stem 7, movable connecting rod 8, reducer casing 9, motion output crank 10, CD-ROM drive motor 12, load curve cam support 14, load curve cam 15, load lever 16 and load lever bracing frame 17 all are positioned on worktable 13 table tops, and upper and lower disk 1,2 vertically contacts mutually and is positioned at the load lever that is installed on the load lever bracing frame 17 16 times; Lower disc 2 is embedded on the axial support bearing 4 in the reservoir for lubricant 3, and load curve cam 15 is connected with an end of reducer casing 9 output shafts; The other end of reducer casing 9 output shafts is connected with flexion and extension driving stem 7 with movable connecting rod 8 by motion output crank 10, and 7 of flexion and extension driving stems are connected with the coupling shaft 6 of last disk 1; Coupling shaft 6 is connected with inside and outside motion driving stem 5, and inside and outside motion driving stem 5 is connected with reservoir for lubricant 3.
The principle of work of testing machine of the present invention is: when CD-ROM drive motor 12 is rotated, motion is by the two ends output of reducer casing 9 output shafts, one end actuation movement output crank 10, promote flexion and extension connecting rod 7 by movable connecting rod 8, movable connecting rod 7 drives coupling shaft 6 and disk 1 is done-15 °～30 °, simultaneously coupling shaft 6 drives inside and outside pivot link 5 swings, and then promotes reservoir for lubricant 3 and disk 2 is done ± 10 ° swing.The corresponding amplitude of these motions is that the degree of eccentricity of the motion output crank 10 by respective design, inside and outside motion driving stem 5 and flexion and extension driving stem 7 and the respective distance in the inside and outside motion driving stem 5 and disk 2 centers of circle realize.The other end of reducer casing 9 output shafts drives load curve cam 15 and upwards promotes load lever 16 periodically by load curve cam support 14, makes the sample load surface obtain dynamic load thereby discharge the gravity load that is applied on the disk 1 periodically.Phase relation between load and the motion can be adjusted by conversion load curve cam 15 angles.Because total system by same motor driven, has definite phase relation between motion and load.Dynamic load also can adopt pneumaticly except the mechanical means that adopts the load curve cam, and servo-hydraulic or alternate manner make load more steadily and accurately.
The present invention's two orthogonal upward lower discs or joint prosthesis will greatly be simplified specimen preparation as the joint prosthesis that sample replaces the common simulation abrasion tester directly to use.Last disk is represented ball and socket joint, and lower disc is represented cotyla.Gait rule during according to human body walking goes up disk 1 and does-15 ° to+30 ° to-and-fro movement around it during wear test, to represent the flexion and extension of leg when the human body walking; Simultaneously lower disc 2 is made ± 10 ° reciprocally swinging around its axle, to represent the inside and outside rotation of acetabular bone when the human body walking.Act on the dynamic load of joint load-bearing surface when applying with human body walking vertically downward by last disk.According to the physiology movement characteristic, more than two kinematic parameters and a load parameter meet specific phase relation.
The present invention is by the simulation to human hip or knee joint physiological movement and stress characteristic, carry out the joint prosthesis artificial wear-test, it has overcome the weakness of common abrasion tester analog capability difference, simultaneously simple in structure than present joint prosthesis artificial wear-test machine again, cost and testing expenses are low.It both can be used for the material before the artificial wear-test subsequently and the screening of friction pair, also can be used for the fundamental research of joint prosthesis tribology mechanism.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the rub basic principle schematic of sample, motion and load of the present invention.
Fig. 2 adopts the synoptic diagram of joint prosthesis sample for the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the present invention's campaign, load pattern and the example of phase relation between them.
Fig. 5 is the present invention's campaign, load pattern and the example of phase relation between them.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, be the physiologic characteristic of simulation gait during human body walking, disk 1 represent ball and socket joint do-15 ° to+30 ° bend and stretch the rotation to-and-fro movement, disk 2 is represented inner rotary to-and-fro movement in ± 10 ° in the cotyla work.Dynamically or static load N vertically act on the loading end between two disks by disk 1.
As shown in Figure 2, when sample directly adopted joint prosthesis to carry out wear test, (Fig. 2 along the Z axle physiology angle (about 20-30 °) (Fig. 2 b) of setovering, bent and stretched reciprocally swinging around the ball and socket joint ball center of circle a) or at the YOZ face to ball and socket joint vertically downward from last; The joint prosthesis mortar can do that level side puts (Fig. 2 a), also can be at the YOZ face along Z axle about 30-45 ° ° of the physiology angle (Fig. 2 b) of setovering.Dynamically or static load N vertically act on the loading end between joint prosthesis head and the joint prosthesis mortar by the joint prosthesis head.
Shown in Figure 3, be a kind of artificial joint simple simulated wear test machine, by last disk 1 (simulation ball and socket joint), lower disc 2 (simulation cotyla), reservoir for lubricant 3, axial support bearing 4, inside and outside rotation of drive rod 5, coupling shaft 6, flexion and extension driving stem 7, movable connecting rod 8, reducer casing 9, motion output crank 10, gravity counterweight 11, CD-ROM drive motor 12, worktable 13, the load curve cam supports 14, load curve cam 15, load lever 16 and load lever bracing frame 17 are formed, in this mechanism, except that gravity counterweight 11 is suspended on load bar bar is positioned at for 16 times below worktable 13 table tops, remaining part all is positioned on worktable 13 table tops, last lower disc 1,2 mutually vertically contact and are positioned at the load lever 16 times that is installed in load lever bracing frame 17, lower disc 2 is embedded on the axial support bearing 4 in the reservoir for lubricant 3, load lever 16 acts on the load of gravity counterweight 11 on the disk 1 by load lever bracing frame 17, load curve cam 15 is connected with an end of reducer casing 9 output shafts, thus during rotation by load curve cam 14 cycles of the supporting load of pushing tow load lever 16 cycle release action on disk 1 that make progress; The other end of reducer casing 9 output shafts promotes inside and outside motion driving stem 5 by motion output crank 10 and movable connecting rod 8 and is connected with flexion and extension driving stem 7, inside and outside motion driving stem 5 is connected with reservoir for lubricant 3 the lower disc sample 2 that is embedded in the inside with drive do inside and outside rotation, 7 of flexion and extension driving stems are connected to drive disk sample 1 with the coupling shaft 6 of last disk 1 does reciprocal flexion and extension.Dynamic load also can adopt the mode of pneumatic or servo-hydraulic, makes load more steadily with accurate.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are motions, load pattern and an example of phase relation between them.In this example, rotatablely move inside and outside the flexion and extension of disk 1 and the disk 2 and can adopt sinusoidal model.Get 1 hertz of cycle frequency of average frequency of body gait as testing machine.With leg when walking forward extension limit (about 30 °) as the round-robin starting point.In this starting point, the human body heel lands, and begins human weight is transferred on this pin, and first peak value of load (Fig. 3 point 1) results from hitting the place.After human body weight is finished transfer, next be driving phase (Fig. 3 point 2), at this moment load restoration is to the average weight of human body.Be at last toe from stage (Fig. 3 point 3), promptly prepare human body weight is transferred to the another pin.In this, load will reach second peak value.After human body weight was transferred to the another pin, leg was swung (Fig. 3 point 4) forward, returns to the round-robin starting point.In this swing process, load is zero or maintains on the very low level.Be an example of load more than, do not get rid of the load of other form, as the rectangular wave of simplifying, triangular wave, even permanent load.The pattern and the phase relation of motion of people's leg extensions and inside and outside rotation when Fig. 4 is walking.At the beginning of the cycle, leg is positioned at the greatest limit position (about 30 °) of stretching forward, swings to maximum position (-15 ° approximately) then backward, gets back to proal maximum position at last again.The inside and outside rotation starts from the greatest limit position (about 10 °) of outwards rotating, and circulation starts from inside rotation, reach the extreme position (-10 ° approximately) of inside rotation after, outwards rotate and get back to another extreme position (+10 °).Flexion and extension and inside and outside rotation two curves can be roughly sinusoidal curve.Load among the figure and two curve movements must meet illustrated phase relation, or other phase relation designed according to testing requirements.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of artificial joint simple simulated wear test method, the sample that it is characterized in that rubbing is two orthogonal disks up and down, make disk represent the human body ball and socket joint to make reciprocally swinging to simulate leg when walking flexion and extension, make lower disc represent the human body cotyla to do back and forth to rotate to simulate the inside and outside rotation of people's leg when walking around its axle; Dynamic or static load acts on the loading end of two disks vertically downward by last disk; Or the friction sample directly adopt joint prosthesis to test, promptly go up disk and replace with ball and socket joint, lower disc replaces with cotyla.
2, artificial joint simple simulated wear test method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the described reciprocally swinging of going up disk, and the reciprocal rotation of lower disc and the pattern of load parameter meet the phase relation of body gait physiological characteristic.
3, artificial joint simple simulated wear test method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the described pendulum angle of going up disk or joint prosthesis head is-15 ° to+30 °; The rotational angle of lower disc or joint prosthesis mortar is ± 10 °.
4, artificial joint simple simulated wear test method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described dynamic load parameter is a bimodal curve, two load peaks can be the preceding half cycle that the dynamic load cycle period is formed and occupied to the positive half cycle of 0.5 second sine wave by two cycles that link to each other; The amplitude at two peaks is 3 times of human body average weight; When the friction sample adopts the disk sample, should adopt stress simulation; When the friction sample directly adopts the joint prosthesis sample, then can be to the human body weight direct modeling; The later half cycle of load is 0.1kN constant load or corresponding constant stress; The means that apply of load can adopt gravity weights, pneumatic, servo-hydraulic or electromagnetic method.
5, a kind of artificial joint simple simulated wear test machine of implementing the described method of claim 1-4 is characterized in that described testing machine is by last disk (1), lower disc (2), reservoir for lubricant (3), axial support bearing (4), inside and outside rotation of drive rod (5), coupling shaft (6), flexion and extension driving stem (7), movable connecting rod (8), reducer casing (9), motion output crank (10), gravity counterweight (11), CD-ROM drive motor (12), worktable (13), the load curve cam supports (14), load curve cam (15), load lever (16) and load lever bracing frame (17) are formed; Gravity counterweight (11) is suspended under the load bar bar (16) and is positioned at worktable (13) below the table top, last disk (1), lower disc (2), reservoir for lubricant (3), axial support bearing (4), inside and outside rotation of drive rod (5), coupling shaft (6), flexion and extension driving stem (7), movable connecting rod (8), reducer casing (9), motion output crank (10), CD-ROM drive motor (12), the load curve cam supports (14), load curve cam (15), load lever (16) and load lever bracing frame (17) all are positioned on worktable (13) table top, on, lower disc (1,2) vertically contact mutually and be positioned under the load lever (16) that is installed on load lever bracing frame (17); Lower disc (2) is embedded in axial support bearing (4) and goes up in the reservoir for lubricant (3), and load curve cam (15) is connected with an end of reducer casing (9) output shaft, when rotating by load curve cam support (14) the cycle pushing tow lever of loading that makes progress; The other end of reducer casing (9) output shaft is connected with flexion and extension driving stem (7) with movable connecting rod (8) by motion output crank (10), and flexion and extension driving stem (7) then is connected with the coupling shaft (6) of last disk (1); Coupling shaft (6) is connected with inside and outside motion driving stem (5), and inside and outside motion driving stem (5) is connected with reservoir for lubricant (3).
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| CNB2005100184538A CN100516818C (en) | 2005-03-25 | 2005-03-25 | Artificial joint simple simulated wear test method and its test machine |
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| CNB2005100184538A CN100516818C (en) | 2005-03-25 | 2005-03-25 | Artificial joint simple simulated wear test method and its test machine |
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| CN100516818C true CN100516818C (en) | 2009-07-22 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102589998A (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2012-07-18 | 中国矿业大学 | Parallel type biomimetic hip joint friction-wear test machine |
| CN103630490A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2014-03-12 | 西安交通大学 | Multi-physical field integrated test system for natural joint tissue-oriented in vitro evaluation |
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| CN101984338B (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2012-11-14 | 中国矿业大学 | Multiaxial artificial joints tester |
| CN102319131B (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2014-03-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | Abrasion test device for tibiofemoral joint of bi-dimensional rotating and bi-dimensional movement synthesized knee replacement prosthesis |
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| CN104833603B (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2017-12-15 | 济南大学 | A kind of multi-direction movement artificial hip joint frictional wear experimental device |
| CN106448400B (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2022-09-20 | 中南大学 | Human knee joint bone friction simulation test device |
| CN107036897B (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2019-10-11 | 上海大学 | A kind of experimental provision for the test of Patellar joint biomechanical property |
| CN106872351B (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2019-05-17 | 陕西科技大学 | It is a kind of to match ancillary equipment and application method for Ceramic Balls rolling friction test |
| CN107764675A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2018-03-06 | 湖北阳超机电科技有限公司 | A kind of knee joint abrasion tester |
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| CN109374460B (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2023-10-31 | 南昌大学 | Artificial ankle joint friction and wear testing machine |
| CN110082236A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-08-02 | 贵州大学 | A kind of imitative human body knee joint friction wear testing machine of cam load |
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| CN86108801A (en) * | 1986-12-24 | 1987-10-21 | 罗福国 | Articular active function meter |
| CN87103964A (en) * | 1987-05-30 | 1988-02-10 | 浙江大学 | Diagonal angle ball-articulation spatial seven-link assembly simulation tester for artificial hip joint |
| GB2263553A (en) * | 1992-01-22 | 1993-07-28 | Optimol Instr Gmbh | Apparatus for simulating ball rolling and sliding conditions. |
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- 2005-03-25 CN CNB2005100184538A patent/CN100516818C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN86108801A (en) * | 1986-12-24 | 1987-10-21 | 罗福国 | Articular active function meter |
| CN87103964A (en) * | 1987-05-30 | 1988-02-10 | 浙江大学 | Diagonal angle ball-articulation spatial seven-link assembly simulation tester for artificial hip joint |
| GB2263553A (en) * | 1992-01-22 | 1993-07-28 | Optimol Instr Gmbh | Apparatus for simulating ball rolling and sliding conditions. |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102589998A (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2012-07-18 | 中国矿业大学 | Parallel type biomimetic hip joint friction-wear test machine |
| CN103630490A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2014-03-12 | 西安交通大学 | Multi-physical field integrated test system for natural joint tissue-oriented in vitro evaluation |
| CN103630490B (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2015-08-26 | 西安交通大学 | The multiple physical field integrated test system of in-vitro evaluation is organized towards natural joint |
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