CN100516326C - Process for preparing cellulose carbamate fibre - Google Patents
Process for preparing cellulose carbamate fibre Download PDFInfo
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- CN100516326C CN100516326C CNB2007101451802A CN200710145180A CN100516326C CN 100516326 C CN100516326 C CN 100516326C CN B2007101451802 A CNB2007101451802 A CN B2007101451802A CN 200710145180 A CN200710145180 A CN 200710145180A CN 100516326 C CN100516326 C CN 100516326C
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing cellulose carbamate, which comprises directly dissolving dried cellulose carbamate in a sodium hydroxide solution to obtain a cellulose carbamate solution for the next spinning; transferring the solution to a permeable bag in a low-temperature purified water bath to allow permeation; partially removing sodium hydroxide to obtain a spinning solution composed of cellulose carbamate and sodium hydroxide; under the low-temperature shield, allowing the spinning solution, after filtration and vacuum debubbling and with the actions of nitrogen gas and metering pump, to flow through a pipeline with condenser water jacket and then ejected out of the spinning nozzle and to enter an acid coagulation bath, precipitating cellulose carbamate fibers; mechanically stretching in a water bath to allow the cellulose molecules to be highly oriented and simultaneously regenerating in a high-temperature dilute base bath, producing cellulose carbamate fibers with a certain strength.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cellulose carbamate by dry state; under cryogenic conditions, dissolve in the spinning solution that forms in the sodium hydroxide solution; after under low-temperature protection, handling by infiltration, filtration, deaeration; extrude through spinneret orifice; enter in the sour coagulating bath and solidify, prepare the method for cellulose carbamate fibre again through operations such as washing bathe to stretch, regenerates in the high temperature sig water.
Background technology
Along with the more and more stricter control of environmental pollution in the world wide, technological process is long, exists the production of the viscose of serious environmental problems to be restricted, novel and can solve environmental issue cellulose fibre the production technology application and give birth to.At present, relatively success has two kinds of production technologies, and a kind of is to be solvent with N-methyl morpholine oxide (NMMO), utilizes the ability of amine oxide derivative dissolving cellulos under controlled condition, with cellulose dissolution, and spinning then.This technology at first realizes industrialization by Britain countaulds company in the eighties in last century, and sell with " Tensel " trade name, thereafter suitability for industrialized production has been carried out after having several companies that this technology is suitably improved again in Europe, this fiber lyocell fiber that is otherwise known as.Compare with viscose, the lyocell fiber has higher dried, wet strength; Another kind of production technology is a cellulose carbamate technology.This technology be with cellulose and urea in the product under the hot conditions---cellulose carbamate is dissolved under cryogenic conditions in rare sodium hydroxide solution, adopts wet spinning process to prepare cellulose carbamate fibre then.The overall process safety non-toxic, and can maximally utilise the production equipment of original viscose, it is the most potential alternative to be considered to existing cellulose viscose manufacturing technique, existing a lot of at present related process produce, and mainly are to have described spinning process around spinning equipment and spinning coagulation bath and the composition and the temperature conditions of bathing of regenerating.As: Deutsche Bundespatent 102004007616-A1, the technology that 102004007616-B4 and European patent 1716273-A1 disclose, having described cellulose carbamate solution suppresses by air, extrude spinneret orifice, enter coagulating bath, be settled out the method for cellulose carbamate fibre, the emphasis of these patents be spinnerets proposed major diameter when the as-spun fibre silk under 60-95 ℃ of temperature, the importance of in the 0.3-1% sodium hydroxide solution, regenerating, and, point out to be higher than the lyocell fiber by the cellulose fibre intensity of this method preparation by comparing with United States Patent (USP) 3767756 and Deutsche Bundespatent 2830685.Other technologies, as: European patent: 097685 and 103618, BP: 2164941,2164942 and 2164943, emphasis is to have provided coagulation bath composition.Other technology has then been carried out some to above-mentioned technology and has been replenished, as: the method that Deutsche Bundespatent 10203071-A1 discloses, point out under higher relatively temperature, cellulose carbamate solution to be carried suffered friction in the time of can reducing flow of solution in pipeline.But it is general, these technologies do not consider that all the dissolubility of cellulose carbamate and stability of solution are all relatively poor, if in spinning process, do not take suitable safeguard procedures, even good again equipment is arranged, reasonably coagulating bath and regeneration are bathed again, spinning solution also can very fast generation gelation or decomposition emit gas, bring numerous inconvenience to spinning process.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, a kind of method for preparing cellulose carbamate fibre is provided.This method is to dissolve in the spinning solution that forms in the sodium hydroxide solution under cryogenic conditions; after under low-temperature protection, handling by infiltration, filtration, deaeration; extrude through spinneret orifice; enter in the sour coagulating bath and solidify, prepare cellulose carbamate fibre through operations such as washing bathe to stretch, regenerates in the high temperature sig water again.
The preparation method of cellulose carbamate fibre of the present invention; this method is with the cellulose carbamate of dry state; under cryogenic conditions, dissolve in the sodium hydroxide solution; after forming homogeneous solution; immigration places the osmotic bag of low temperature pure water to permeate; obtain cellulose carbamate and the NaOH mass ratio approaches 1 solution; and under low-temperature protection, this cellulose carbamate solution is carried out deaeration; after the filtration treatment; suppress with nitrogen; the measuring pump suction; it is extruded by spinneret orifice; enter in the sour coagulating bath and solidify; bathe through washing again and stretch; the cellulose carbamate fibre of regenerating in the high temperature sig water, concrete operations follow these steps to carry out:
A, with cellulose carbamate, under-5-0 ℃ temperature, fully be dissolved in the sodium hydroxide solution of 10% concentration and form the plain carbamate solution of uniform fibers;
B, the cellulose carbamate solution among the step a moved into to place temperature be that the osmotic bag of 3-8 ℃ of pure water permeates, time of penetration is 10-30 minute, remove part sodium hydroxide, obtain cellulose carbamate/NaOH mass ratio and approach 1 spinning solution;
C, the spinning solution among the step b is filtered, carries out the vacuum standing and defoaming handle and make treatment fluid in the filter under the low temperature chuck cooling water protection in the deaeration tower, the deaeration processing time is 8-10 hour;
D, the treatment fluid among the step c is suppressed with nitrogen under low temperature jacket water (J.W.) protection; the measuring pump suction; enter acid cure after it is extruded by spinneret orifice and solidify in bathing admittedly, bathe through washing again the regeneration that stretches, constitutes by sig water bathe in regeneration, can obtain cellulose carbamate fibre.
The degree of polymerization of cellulose carbamate is 200-350, and nitrogen content is 2.0%-3.5%.
Osmotic bag among the step b is that organic pellicle bag or fineness are less than 350 purpose nylon filter clothes.
Pure water volume among the step b is 6-10 a times of cellulose carbamate solution.
Deaeration tower among the step c, filter have 3-8 ℃ of cold water protection chuck, and deaeration vacuum is 0.095-0.1MPa.
The content of air bubble should be less than 0.001% in the spinning solution among the step c.
Carry spinning solution with the pipeline that has 3-8 ℃ of chuck condensed water in the steps d,, make it to spray the spinning nozzle that the aperture is the 0.05-0.09 millimeter with the measuring pump suction.
Sour coagulating bath in the steps d consists of: mass fraction is the sulfuric acid of 8-12%, mass fraction is that sodium sulphate and the mass fraction of 20-25% is the aluminum sulfate of 5-7%, coagulation bath temperature is 20-50 ℃, strand Immersion time in sour coagulating bath is 0.1-0.2 second, the washing bath temperature is 20-50 ℃, regeneration is bathed to mass fraction is the sodium hydroxide solution of 0.2-1.0%, and the regeneration bath temperature is 60-98 ℃.
The method for preparing cellulose carbamate fibre of the present invention; this method is under-5-0 ℃ condition; it is in 10% the sodium hydroxide solution that the cellulose carbamate of dry state is directly dissolved in mass percent concentration; form the cellulose carbamate solution of spinning desired content (as 7%); and place the osmotic bag of low temperature pure water to permeate its immigration; remove part sodium hydroxide; obtain the required cellulose carbamate of spinning/NaOH mass ratio and approach 1 spinning solution; under low-temperature protection; this solution is by filtering; after the vacuum defoamation nitrogen suppress and the measuring pump swabbing action under; flow through the pipeline that has the condensed water chuck; spray by spinning nozzle; enter in the sour coagulating bath and be settled out cellulose carbamate fibre; exist side by side to be engraved in the washing bath and carry out mechanical stretching; make cellulosic molecule height trend, enter regeneration in the bath of high temperature diluted alkaline simultaneously, thus the cellulose carbamate fibre that acquisition has certain intensity.
Method of the present invention has: the solvent concentration of sodium hydroxide solution of (1) dissolving cellulos carbamate no longer needs so harsh, cellulose carbamate is indissoluble no longer so, can adopt the sodium hydroxide solution of high concentration (as 10%) slightly, after fully dissolving Deng cellulose carbamate, increase the infiltration operation, by regulating infiltration water and time of penetration, the ratio of cellulose carbamate and NaOH in the adjusting spinning solution, there is not insoluble matter to exist in the solution and can not cause, more can not influence the spinning solution quality, this has not only been avoided making solvent with low-concentration sodium hydroxide solution can not make raw material dissolve fully and the significant loss that causes, and can be for follow-up filtration operation guarantee is provided smoothly; (2) conveying of spinning solution is to suppress with the measuring pump swabbing action by nitrogen to carry out simultaneously among the present invention, thereby can ensure that spinning solution is in ducted unimpeded operation; (3) infiltration of spinning solution among the present invention, filtration, deaeration and ducted transportation, spray silk process are all carried out under low-temperature protection, this can make the stability of spinning solution strengthen, and can not occur because of spinning solution gelation blocking pipe in the spinning process or meets thermal decomposition because of spinning solution and emit the phenomenon that gas produces cavity filament; (4) the infiltration water can directly be used for doing diluted alkaline regeneration and bathes, perhaps wait naoh concentration in the water to reach certain value after, can be used to do the solvent of dissolving cellulos carbamate, whole process does not have the characteristics of any significant loss etc.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A, with 35 the gram degree of polymerization be 350, nitrogen content (esterification degree) is 2.8% cellulose carbamate, stir the mass percent concentration that dissolves in 500 milliliters-5 ℃ down and be fully dissolving in 10% the sodium hydroxide solution, form the plain carbamate solution of uniform fibers;
B, the cellulose carbamate mixed solution after will dissolving move in organic translucent osmotic bag, the temperature that places 2 liters is that 5 ℃ pure water permeates 20min, remove part sodium hydroxide, obtaining cellulose carbamate/NaOH mass ratio is 1.0 spinning solution;
C, with the spinning solution among the step b under the protection of 5 ℃ of chuck cooling waters, filter, the vacuum standing and defoaming handles, deaeration vacuum is 0.095MPa, 8 hours time, the content of air bubble is less than 0.001%;
D; treatment fluid among the step c is suppressed with nitrogen under 5 ℃ of jacket water (J.W.) protections; under the measuring pump swabbing action; make it flow through the pipeline that has the condensed water chuck; spray by spinning nozzle; the ejection aperture is 0.05 millimeter; enter in the sour coagulating bath and solidify; the acid coagulating bath consists of: mass fraction is 8% sulfuric acid; mass fraction is that 20% sodium sulphate and mass fraction are 5% aluminum sulfate; coagulation bath temperature is 20 ℃, and strand Immersion time in bath is 0.1 second, and the washing bath temperature is 20 ℃; the regeneration bath is 0.2 sodium hydroxide solution for mass fraction; the regeneration bath temperature is 60 ℃, is settled out cellulose carbamate fibre, bathes through washing to stretch again; lead simultaneously regeneration and drying in the bath of high temperature diluted alkaline at once, obtain high-intensity cellulose carbamate fibre.
Embodiment 2
A, with 35 the gram degree of polymerization be 290, nitrogen content (esterification degree) is 3.2% cellulose carbamate, stir the mass percent concentration that dissolves in 500 milliliters-3 ℃ down and be fully dissolving in 10% the sodium hydroxide solution, form the plain carbamate solution of uniform fibers;
It is in the 300 purpose nylon cloth osmotic bags that b, the cellulose carbamate mixed solution after will dissolving move into fineness, the temperature that places 2.5 liters is that 3 ℃ pure water permeates 15min, remove part sodium hydroxide, obtaining cellulose carbamate/NaOH mass ratio is 1.05 spinning solution;
C, with the spinning solution among the step b under the protection of 3 ℃ of chuck cooling waters, filter, the vacuum standing and defoaming handles, deaeration vacuum is 0.098MPa, 10 hours time, the content of air bubble is less than 0.001%;
D; treatment fluid among the step c is suppressed with nitrogen under 3 ℃ of jacket water (J.W.) protections; under the measuring pump swabbing action; make it flow through the pipeline that has the condensed water chuck; spray by spinning nozzle; the ejection aperture is 0.09 millimeter; enter in the sour coagulating bath and solidify; the acid coagulating bath consists of: mass fraction is 12% sulfuric acid; mass fraction is that 25% sodium sulphate and mass fraction are 7% aluminum sulfate; coagulation bath temperature is 50 ℃, and strand Immersion time in bath is 0.2 second, and the washing bath temperature is 50 ℃; the regeneration bath is 1.0% sodium hydroxide solution for mass fraction; the regeneration bath temperature is 98 ℃, is settled out cellulose carbamate fibre, bathes through washing to stretch again; lead simultaneously regeneration and drying in the bath of high temperature diluted alkaline at once, obtain high-intensity cellulose carbamate fibre.
Embodiment 3
A, with 35 the gram degree of polymerization be 200, nitrogen content (esterification degree) is 2.0% cellulose carbamate, stir the mass percent concentration that dissolves in 500 milliliters 0 ℃ down and be fully dissolving in 10% the sodium hydroxide solution, form mass fraction and be 7% the plain carbamate solution of uniform fiber;
B, the cellulose carbamate mixed solution after will dissolving move in organic translucent osmotic bag, the temperature that places 2 liters is that 8 ℃ pure water permeates 30min, remove part sodium hydroxide, obtaining cellulose carbamate/NaOH mass ratio is 1.0 spinning solution;
C, with the spinning solution among the step b under the protection of 8 ℃ of chuck cooling waters, filter, the vacuum standing and defoaming handles, deaeration vacuum is 0.1MPa, 9 hours time, the content of air bubble is less than 0.001%;
D; treatment fluid among the step c is suppressed with nitrogen under 8 ℃ of jacket water (J.W.) protections; under the measuring pump swabbing action; make it flow through the pipeline that has the condensed water chuck; spray by spinning nozzle; the ejection aperture is 0.07 millimeter; enter in the sour coagulating bath and solidify; the acid coagulating bath consists of: mass fraction is 10% sulfuric acid; mass fraction is that 23% sodium sulphate and mass fraction are 6% aluminum sulfate; coagulation bath temperature is 35 ℃, and strand Immersion time in bath is 0.15 second, and the washing bath temperature is 35 ℃; the regeneration bath is 0.5 sodium hydroxide solution for mass fraction; the regeneration bath temperature is 80 ℃, is settled out cellulose carbamate fibre, bathes through washing to stretch again; lead simultaneously regeneration and drying in the bath of high temperature diluted alkaline at once, obtain high-intensity cellulose carbamate fibre.
Embodiment 4
A, with 35 the gram degree of polymerization be 250, nitrogen content (esterification degree) is 3.0% cellulose carbamate, stir the mass percent concentration that dissolves in 500 milliliters-2 ℃ down and be fully dissolving in 10% the sodium hydroxide solution, form the plain carbamate solution of uniform fibers;
It is in the 350 purpose nylon cloth osmotic bags that b, the cellulose carbamate mixed solution after will dissolving move into fineness, the temperature that places 2 liters is that 7 ℃ pure water permeates 10min, remove part sodium hydroxide, obtaining cellulose carbamate/NaOH mass ratio is 1.0 spinning solution;
C, with the spinning solution among the step b under the protection of 7 ℃ of chuck cooling waters, filter, the vacuum standing and defoaming handles, deaeration vacuum is 0.097MPa, 8 hours time, the content of air bubble is less than 0.001%;
D; treatment fluid among the step c is suppressed with nitrogen under 7 ℃ of jacket water (J.W.) protections; under the measuring pump swabbing action; make it flow through the pipeline that has the condensed water chuck; spray by spinning nozzle; the ejection aperture is 0.07 millimeter; enter in the sour coagulating bath and solidify; the acid coagulating bath consists of: mass fraction is 8% sulfuric acid; mass fraction is that 22% sodium sulphate and mass fraction are 5% aluminum sulfate; coagulation bath temperature is 40 ℃, and strand Immersion time in bath is 0.2 second, and the washing bath temperature is 40 ℃; the regeneration bath is 0.8 sodium hydroxide solution for mass fraction; the regeneration bath temperature is 90 ℃, is settled out cellulose carbamate fibre, bathes through washing to stretch again; lead simultaneously regeneration and drying in the bath of high temperature diluted alkaline at once, obtain high-intensity cellulose carbamate fibre.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of method for preparing cellulose carbamate fibre is characterized in that following these steps to carrying out:
A, with the cellulose carbamate of dry state, under-5-0 ℃ temperature, fully be dissolved in mass fraction and be that to form mass fraction in 10% the sodium hydroxide solution be 7% the plain carbamate solution of uniform fibers;
B, the cellulose carbamate solution among the step a moved into to place temperature be that the osmotic bag of 3-8 ℃ of pure water permeates, time of penetration is 10-30 minute, remove part sodium hydroxide, obtain cellulose carbamate/NaOH mass ratio and approach 1 spinning solution;
C, the spinning solution among the step b is filtered, carries out the vacuum standing and defoaming handle and make treatment fluid in the filter under the low temperature chuck cooling water protection in the deaeration tower, the deaeration processing time is 8-10 hour;
D, the treatment fluid among the step c is suppressed with nitrogen under low temperature jacket water (J.W.) protection; the measuring pump suction; enter acid cure after it is extruded by spinneret orifice and solidify in bathing admittedly, bathe through washing again the regeneration that stretches, constitutes by sig water bathe in regeneration, can obtain cellulose carbamate fibre.
2, the described method for preparing cellulose carbamate fibre of claim 1, the degree of polymerization that it is characterized in that the cellulose carbamate of dry state is 200-350, nitrogen content is 2.0%-3.5%.
3, the described method for preparing cellulose carbamate fibre of claim 1 is characterized in that osmotic bag among the step b is that organic pellicle bag or fineness are less than 350 purpose nylon filter clothes.
4, the described method for preparing cellulose carbamate fibre of claim 1, it is characterized in that pure water volume among the step b be cellulose carbamate solution 6-10 doubly.
5, the described method for preparing cellulose carbamate fibre of claim 1 is characterized in that deaeration tower, the filter among the step c has 3-8 ℃ of cold water protection chuck, and deaeration vacuum is 0.095-0.1MPa.
6, the described method for preparing cellulose carbamate fibre of claim 1 is characterized in that carrying spinning solution with the pipeline that has 3-8 ℃ of chuck condensed water in the steps d, with the measuring pump suction, makes it to spray the spinning nozzle that the aperture is the 0.05-0.09 millimeter.
7, the described method for preparing cellulose carbamate fibre of claim 1, it is characterized in that the sour coagulating bath in the steps d consists of: mass fraction is the sulfuric acid of 8-12%, mass fraction is that sodium sulphate and the mass fraction of 20-25% is the aluminum sulfate of 5-7%, coagulation bath temperature is 20-50 ℃, strand Immersion time in sour coagulating bath is 0.1-0.2 second, the washing bath temperature is 20-50 ℃, and regeneration is bathed to mass fraction is the sodium hydroxide solution of 0.2-1.0%, and the regeneration bath temperature is 60-98 ℃.
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CN101550614B (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2011-04-20 | 新疆大学 | Method of using non-adhesive method to prepare cellulose base fiber |
CN102691125B (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2014-01-01 | 武汉大学 | Method for preparing regenerated cellulose fibers with cellulose carbamate |
CN102965765B (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-10-15 | 东华大学 | Preparation method of cellulose spinning dope for carbon fibers |
CN103012822B (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2015-10-21 | 武汉大学 | A kind of method being prepared regenerated cellulose film by cellulose carbamate |
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CN104195662A (en) * | 2013-11-10 | 2014-12-10 | 湖北金环股份有限公司 | CC cellulose filament producing method by semicontinuous spinning |
CN106702515B (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2018-12-14 | 宜宾丝丽雅集团有限公司 | A kind of production technology of cellulose carbamate fibre long filament |
CN106702514B (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2019-04-02 | 宜宾丝丽雅集团有限公司 | A kind of short silk of regenerated celulose fibre |
CN107523889A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-12-29 | 孙飞勇 | The wet spinning process of cellulose carbamate |
CN112390281A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-23 | 冉国庆 | Method for recovering zinc oxide from Cellulose Carbamate (CC) fiber coagulation bath and application |
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