CN100514786C - Passive zero breaking automatic de-excitation device and method - Google Patents
Passive zero breaking automatic de-excitation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100514786C CN100514786C CNB2005100196361A CN200510019636A CN100514786C CN 100514786 C CN100514786 C CN 100514786C CN B2005100196361 A CNB2005100196361 A CN B2005100196361A CN 200510019636 A CN200510019636 A CN 200510019636A CN 100514786 C CN100514786 C CN 100514786C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses passive zero on/off automatic excitation cut-off device and method. Said invention utilize passive electric power electronic device assembling plurality of function group to form topology network connection, providing powerful absorbing harmonic overvoltage function, once receiving demagnetization instruction, double starting up function group action, switching-on function discharging channel, function group rapid discharging transferring magnetic field current, reverse charging establishing voltage to conduct demagnetization resistor to complete demagnetization. Said invention can greatly improve demagnetization performance and save cost by more than 50 per cent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is applied to the circuit arrangement of modern big-and-middle-sized synchronous generator internal fault protection; be in case of emergency to force to implement fast eliminating magnetism of generator; protect the final final controlling element of generator to greatest extent; be characteristics at modern large and medium generator and compound rectifier excitation system, and the automatic field suppressing technical method of design.(searching classification HO2H-7/06)
Background technology
Inner accident is taking place in emergency circumstances in big-and-middle-sized synchronous generator (comprising water power and fired power generating unit), and necessary fast trip, demagnetization are to protect the device security of generator to greatest extent.And it is modern large-scale, the ultra-large type synchronous generator, Hydropower Unit particularly, the generally capacity and the electric parameter of the high limited value high power static compound rectifier excitation system of Cai Yonging, the low capacity unit is comparable in non-in the past, but its field suppression equipment and technology, still prolong with original strong switch blocking and shift the demagnetization mode of field supply to de-excitation resistance, make a general survey of domestic, external the old and new power plant does not almost have exception is arranged, that is to say the success or failure of eliminating magnetism of generator, the machinery and the electric property that depend on magnetic field switching fully, thereby formed absolute dependence to magnetic field switching, though some corrective measures are arranged in recent years, but only can alleviate the pressure of magnetic field switching electrical strength deficiency, can not tackle the problem at its root, particularly modern high power static compound rectifier excitation system, very easily the mistake out of control of Fa Shenging is encouraged the limit demagnetization operating mode of demagnetization under the fault condition by force, often causes magnetic field switching to burn, device damage, the serious consequence that accident enlarges.
The present invention is exactly the drawback at above-mentioned traditional demagnetization mode; make full use of the characteristics of modern power electronics technology; broken away from the demagnetization mode that relies on the substitute of mechanical switch or switch completely; realized unrestricted, highly reliable and high performance automatic field suppressing mode; recover desirable demagnetization characteristic in the Generator Set of any capacity comprehensively; promote protective capability comprehensively, satisfy the requirement of national technical standard comprehensively internal fault of electric generator.
Summary of the invention
1 the present invention has changed traditional demagnetization mode by magnetic field switching (15) arc gate voltage conducting de-excitation resistance (17), has realized the zero electrical strength separating brake of magnetic field switching, realizes the zero breaking function; Do not have arc by automatic field suppressing circuit of the present invention then and oppositely build pressure, conducting de-excitation resistance (17) demagnetization, circuit of the present invention is made up of conventional passive electric electronic device, and do not rely on additional power source work, thyristor rectified power supply is withdrawed from by isolation fully in the demagnetization process, no longer influence the demagnetization process of rotor-side, realize passive function.
2 because the field supply of demagnetization process no longer relies on magnetic field switching (15) change of current transfer, the demagnetization performance of its near ideal, be to realize by the cooperation of circuit structure and accurate characterisitic parameter cleverly, need not complex control apparatus or complicated mechanical structure, have extraordinary reliability and stability, and broken through the restriction bottleneck of magnetic field switching capacity and breaking capacity, and can satisfy various capacity and operating mode, comprise the demagnetization requirement of limiting conditions such as unloaded mistake Qiang Li.
Though 3 demagnetization circuits have kept magnetic field switching; because novel circuit has been realized magnetic field switching master fracture (15) zero current and no-voltage and has been cut-off; so the disjunction of magnetic field switching is the not starting the arc; very easily; magnetic field switching master fracture (15) only plays the effect that is electrically connected of isolation rectification device power supply and rotor in the demagnetization process; there is not magnetic field switching master fracture (15) in theory; circuit of the present invention can be guaranteed change of current demagnetization fully; but take all factors into consideration the demagnetization operating mode of various complexity; keep magnetic field switching master's fracture (15), can play need not and the beyond thought effect of usefulness.
Passive absorption device master in 4 circuit of the present invention charge container (1) and auxilliary charging container (3), in normal auto-precharge energy storage in service, also play simultaneously and suppress the rectifier output harmonic wave and absorb the forward and reverse superpotential effect of rotor loop, the EMN/EMC that improves energizing apparatus is of great benefit to.And can eliminate do not paid attention to as yet by people, responded to and " high frequency shaft current " hidden danger of giving birth to by the rotor field harmonic wave, and to the influence of relevant devices such as rotor one-point grounding protection.
The control of 5 startup demagnetizations is simply direct, can use electronic switch (9), and also available magnetic field switching normally closed interlock (7) is realized the double starting demagnetization, and the optimum start-up time is about magnetic field switching master fracture (15) 2～5ms in advance.
After 6 circuit starts of the present invention, very first time positive closing silicon controlled rectifier, cut off the output of rectifier power source, the process that shift exciting current, build pressure automatically, starts non-linear de-excitation resistance (17) is rapid and smooth and easy.The dependence reasonable parameter designs, and takes into account the maximum and the minimum value of system parameters, also for recovering and optimizing desirable demagnetization characteristic and created condition, helps giving full play to the excellent properties of the non-linear de-excitation resistance of homemade high energy ZnO.
7 the present invention also comprise the integrated technology method that matches with the said apparatus circuit, contain test, calculate, analyze and the overall assessment method, thereby guaranteed every function of apparatus of the present invention, performance index reach best configuration and performance, this method can be determined the boundary condition and the demagnetization ability of excitation system maximum by limited test, and use comprehensive energy balance, the design and calculation method of parameter optimization, comprehensively, estimate the overall performance of different demagnetization configurations accurately, for optimize and dispose the structure and parameter of field suppression equipment comprehensively, a kind of effective method and instrument are provided.
Overall technical architecture of the present invention is: described automatic de-excitation equipment and method adopt the initiatively change of current of capacitor discharge, then by field supply to electric capacity counter fill build press move can demagnetization mode, its circuit constitutes utilization passive electric electronic device, form a plurality of function groups such as Fig. 1, among Fig. 3, this automatic de-excitation equipment is to add on the energy type that the moves demagnetization circuit basis of ' de-excitation resistance ' in tradition ' magnetic field switching ', additional to have the initiatively demagnetization converter circuit device (20) of change of current function, this device moves energy circuit unit (11) by discharge, back-pressure supercircuit assembly (12), channel separation assembly (13), demagnetization start-up circuit (14) combines.Back-pressure supercircuit assembly (12) channels in series barrier assembly (13) wherein, again with after demagnetization start-up circuit (14) is in parallel, discharged in series moves energy circuit unit (11), whole cross-over connection is in Generator's Rotor Circuit (+) negative (-) the two poles of the earth just, and draw branch line by the tie point of back-pressure supercircuit assembly (12) and channel separation assembly (13), be connected to the non-power end of backward diode (16), constituted demagnetization converter circuit device (20), this circuit can connect into negative pole and start formula such as Fig. 1 or anodal startup formula such as Fig. 3 mode of connection, the magnetic field switching (15) that adopts with conventional demagnetization circuit again, backward diode (16) and non-linear de-excitation resistance (17) combination, formation has initiatively change of current ability, can realize the automatic de-excitation equipment of passive zero breaking demagnetization effect.
The present invention utilizes the distinctive forward and reverse harmonic energy of synchronous generator silicon controlled rectifier field circuit, is main charging container (1) in the demagnetization converter circuit and auxilliary charging container (3) charging energy storage; Master's appearance (1) of charging at first inserts excitation circuit when the accident demagnetization, and forces rectifier block, cuts off rectifier power source output, realizes passive function, and whole exciting currents are transformed among the demagnetization converter circuit; The main fracture (15) of magnetic field switching non-arc breaking under zero current is disconnected then, realize the zero breaking function, and thoroughly field power supply is isolated in excision; After (1) discharge end is held in main charging, field supply can continue pressure is built in its reverse charging, reach the operation voltage of de-excitation resistance (17) fast, de-excitation resistance is activated, and finish whole demagnetization processes with the safe voltage and the shortest demagnetizing time that limit, realization automatic field suppressing function with the demagnetization converter circuit.
The present invention has made full use of original demagnetization circuit configuration, keep magnetic field switching (15) and non-linear de-excitation resistance (17), and the structure in rotor-exciting loop is constant.Circuit devcie of the present invention has a style of one's own, circuit connects the performance parameters that makes it neither to influence normal operation cleverly, at any time ready for the accident demagnetization again, also taken into account the powerful superpotential function of absorption harmonic wave, obvious power consumption, simple and direct and the field supply of realization transfer efficiently and the function of building the pressure demagnetization of not taking place in service.The present invention program can combine with traditional demagnetization mode easily, realizes the raising on the perfect and performance on the notional breakthrough of demagnetization, the function, and the demagnetization that is difficult to originally be up to state standards is disposed, and satisfies standard-required easily.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: in the time of can stopping to send out under the superelevation electrical strengths such as change group accident or excitation system fault mistake Qiang Li demagnetization, the accident of burning because of the magnetic field switching off-capacity, or because of demagnetizing time is long, the unsuccessful generator accident condition of enlarged that causes of demagnetization takes place, if reduce once the loss that this class accident has just avoided being equivalent to this project investment of several times.This device has very high cost performance and very low maintenance cost simultaneously, and general high-rating generator is compared every cover with existing import magnetic field switching scheme and can be reduced investment outlay about 200,000, is inexpensive, simple and reliable.
The concrete technical problem of improving and solving of various demagnetization modes with respect to existing use is as follows:
1. higher anode voltage and commutation overvoltage and electromagnetic protection problem
2. the rupturing capacity of AC and DC field circuit breaker and performance limitations problem
3. the selection problem of de-excitation resistance capacity and characteristic
4. the efficient of demagnetization (time) problem
5. the allocation problem of rotor over-voltage protection
6. the problem of demagnetization scarce capacity under the accident superelevation electrical strength
7. the overall structure of field suppression equipment and life problems
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the negative pole of circuit of the present invention and the combination of former demagnetization circuit starts schematic diagram
Fig. 2 is the tie lines schematic diagram of circuit negative pole Starting mode of the present invention
Fig. 3 is that the positive pole of circuit of the present invention and the combination of former demagnetization circuit starts schematic diagram
Fig. 4 is the tie lines schematic diagram of circuit anode Starting mode of the present invention
Among the figure: (1) main charge and discharge capacitance, (2) adjust resistance, (3) auxilliary charge and discharge capacitance, (4) current-limiting resistance, (5) the main aisle resistance that fills, (6) main diode that fills, (7) magnetic field switching interlock normally closed interlock, (8) heavy-duty diode, (9) thyristor electronic switch, (11) discharge moves energy circuit unit, (12) back-pressure supercircuit assembly, (13) channel separation assembly, (14) dual demagnetization start assembly, (15) magnetic field switching, (16) demagnetization backward diode, (17) the non-linear de-excitation resistance of high parameter ZnO, (20) demagnetization converter circuit device.
Be demagnetization converter circuit device of the present invention in the frame of broken lines among Fig. 1, Fig. 3 (20), by passive circuit device and topological structure Form, be connected across positive and negative two ends, rotor field. During normal operation, utilize the harmonic component of silicon controlled rectifier output voltage, negative Ripple holds (3) charging to auxiliary charging, and positive wave and auxiliary charging are held the counter voltage stack of (3) to main charging container (1) charging, guarantee main charging The pre-charge pressure at container (1) two ends surpasses the peak value of rectifier output voltage, for the accident demagnetization is got ready. When receiving accident After the demagnetization instruction, normally closed interlock (7) is at first connected in the magnetic field switching action, under the action of high voltage of main charging container (1), forces Silicon controlled rectifier is closed, and cuts off rectifier power source output, and all field supply is transferred to the change of current that discharge moves energy circuit unit (11) Passage, immediately magnetic field switching main contact (15) separating brake action has namely realized zero current no-spark separating brake, then main charging container (1) Continue reverse charging and build pressure, and start non-linear de-excitation resistance (17) demagnetization. The present invention guarantees the key of reliable demagnetization, is accurate Electric parameter and the boundary condition of ground computing system object reasonably dispose parameter and the performance of converter circuit, need not to tangle in multiple Assorted frame for movement and control mode are simplified the formation of system greatly, have improved the reliability of accident demagnetization.
Embodiment
Circuit of the present invention has two kinds of execution modes such as Fig. 2, Fig. 4, and wherein the effect of each functional unit is identical, and main charge and discharge capacitance (1) is connected with adjusting resistance (2), forms discharge and moves energy assembly (11); Auxilliary charge and discharge capacitance (3) is connected with current-limiting resistance (4), forms back-pressure stack assembly (12); Main charge tunnel resistance (5) is connected with main charging diode (6), forms channel separation assembly (13); Magnetic field switching interlock normally closed interlock (7) series diode (8) is in parallel with thyristor electronic switch (9) again, forms dual demagnetization start assembly (14).After receiving the instruction of outside demagnetization, the magnetic field switching action is cut-off, and its interlock normally closed interlock (7) in advance magnetic field switching main contact (15) 2～5ms connect, promptly started the automatic field suppressing function of converter circuit of the present invention.If, also have another road thyristor electronic switch (9) to start measure in support, can start as required wherein and one the tunnel or two the road also use simultaneously just in case the problem of magnetic field switching tripping takes place.
Fig. 1, embodiment illustrated in fig. 2 in, with discharge move can assembly (11) again with after dual demagnetization start assembly (14) is connected, be connected to the both positive and negative polarity of excitation main circuit, in addition channel separation assembly (13) and back-pressure are superposeed and be connected to dual demagnetization start assembly (14) two ends after assembly (12) is connected, and mid point drawn be connected to de-excitation resistance (17), another termination negative pole of de-excitation resistance (17) is so be referred to as the tie lines of negative pole Starting mode.
Fig. 3, embodiment illustrated in fig. 4 in, dual demagnetization start assembly (14) is moved with discharge again can assembly after (11) connect, be connected to the both positive and negative polarity of excitation main circuit, in addition back-pressure is superposeed assembly (12) be connected to dual demagnetization start assembly (14) two ends after channel separation assembly (13) is connected, and mid point drawn be connected to de-excitation resistance (17), another termination positive pole of de-excitation resistance (17) is so be referred to as the tie lines of anodal Starting mode.Two kinds of execution modes there is no difference in essence, just cooperate the nuance on the field condition mode of connection.
Claims (8)
1. the automatic de-excitation equipment of a passive zero breaking is the circuit arrangement that is applied to big-and-middle-sized synchronous generator internal fault protection, is to put teeth in eliminating magnetism of generator under the generator accident conditions, effectively protect the final final controlling element of generator safety; This device adopts the initiatively change of current of capacitor discharge, by field supply counter the filling of electric capacity built pressure then, move the mode of energy demagnetization again to de-excitation resistance, it is characterized in that: this automatic de-excitation equipment comprises having the initiatively demagnetization converter circuit device (20) of change of current function, this demagnetization converter circuit device moves energy circuit unit (11) by discharge, back-pressure supercircuit assembly (12), channel separation assembly (13), dual demagnetization start assembly (14) combines, back-pressure supercircuit assembly (12) channels in series barrier assembly (13) wherein, again with after dual demagnetization start assembly (14) is in parallel, discharged in series moves energy circuit unit (11), whole cross-over connection is in Generator's Rotor Circuit (+) negative (-) the two poles of the earth just, and draw branch line by the tie point of back-pressure supercircuit assembly (12) and channel separation assembly (13), be connected to an end that does not link to each other of backward diode (16) with field power supply, constituted demagnetization converter circuit device (20), this demagnetization converter circuit device can connect into negative pole and start formula or the wiring of anodal startup formula, be that dual demagnetization start assembly (14) is connected to field power supply negative pole (-), or be connected to the mode of connection of field power supply positive pole (+), again with the magnetic field switching (15) that adopts, backward diode (16) and non-linear de-excitation resistance (17) combination, wherein, magnetic field switching (15) is connected in the excitation main circuit, when adopting negative pole to start the formula wiring, the negative pole of backward diode (16) is connected to field power supply positive pole (+), the positive pole of backward diode (16) is connected to an end of non-linear de-excitation resistance (17), and the other end of non-linear de-excitation resistance (17) is connected to field power supply negative pole (-); When adopting anodal startup formula wiring, the positive pole of backward diode (16) is connected to field power supply negative pole (-), the negative pole of backward diode (16) is connected to an end of non-linear de-excitation resistance (17), the other end of non-linear de-excitation resistance (17) is connected to field power supply positive pole (+), formation has initiatively change of current ability, can realize the automatic de-excitation equipment of passive zero breaking demagnetization effect.
2. the automatic de-excitation equipment of passive zero breaking according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: adopt main charging container (1) and auxilliary charging container (3) to constitute the circuit arrangement of automatic forward and reverse stack charging, utilize the reverse harmonic voltage of exciting voltage, by described backward diode (16) to the reverse charging of auxilliary charging container (3), whenever the forward harmonic voltage occurs, after then superposeing with the reverse voltage of assisting charging container (3) by linear resistance (5) and main channels in series of filling diode (6), main charging container (1) is carried out positive charge, make main charging container (1) two ends obtain to be higher than the pre-charge pressure of forward commutating voltage peak value, thereby the preliminary filling energy storage of the active change of current ability when obtaining generator accident demagnetization can be provided, guarantee the maximum boundary condition requirement of accident demagnetization, be not subjected to the restriction of mechanical switch performance, preventing that magnetic field switching from burning with demagnetization fails, and the magnetic field switching (15) that excitation main circuit keeps only plays the effect that starts demagnetization and isolated from power, no longer bears the electrical strength of accident demagnetization blocking arcing.
3. the automatic de-excitation equipment of passive zero breaking according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: channel separation assembly (13) fills diode (6) by linear resistance (5) and master and forms, promptly become the positive charge passage of described main charging container (1), described master fills diode (6) and has also stoped described main charging container (1) to discharge under normal operation, linear resistance (5) also plays the anti-cushioning effect of building the pressure process of filling of described main charging container (1) when implementing demagnetization, and is non-linear de-excitation resistance (17) shunting power consumption.
4. the automatic de-excitation equipment of passive zero breaking according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the dual demagnetization start assembly of generator accident demagnetization (14), form the first via by magnetic field switching interlock normally closed interlock (7) and heavy-duty diode (8) differential concatenation and start passage, thyristor electronic switch in parallel again (9) constitutes the second the tunnel and starts passage, when the accident demagnetization, dual demagnetization start assembly is at first connected the demagnetization change of current passage that discharge moves energy circuit unit (11), guarantees the reliability and the rapidity of automatic de-excitation equipment execution accident demagnetization instruction.
5. the automatic field suppressing method of a passive zero breaking, it is the automatic field suppressing method that is used for the no additional power source of large and medium generator and compound rectifier excitation system, it is characterized in that: described automatic field suppressing method is utilized forward and reverse harmonic energy of synchronous generator silicon controlled rectifier field circuit, is main charging container (1) in the demagnetization converter circuit device (20) and auxilliary charging container (3) charging energy storage; Master's container (1) that charges at first inserts excitation circuit when the accident demagnetization, and forces rectifier block, cuts off rectifier power source output, realizes passive function, and whole field supplies are transformed among the demagnetization converter circuit device; The main fracture (15) of magnetic field switching non-arc breaking under zero current is disconnected then, realize the zero breaking function, and thoroughly field power supply is isolated in excision; After main charging container (1) discharge finishes, field supply can continue pressure is built in its reverse charging, reach the operation voltage of de-excitation resistance (17), de-excitation resistance is activated, and finish whole demagnetization processes fast with the safe voltage that limits with described demagnetization converter circuit device, realize the automatic field suppressing function.
6. the automatic field suppressing method of passive zero breaking according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described automatic field suppressing method is utilized the harmonic energy of field power supply itself, preliminary filling power supply as described demagnetization converter circuit device, and needn't add charge power supply and control circuit, simplify circuit structure, realized passive operation, reduced harmonic wave harm, both be the energy storage of accident demagnetization, taken into account field circuit harmonic elimination and the superpotential effect of inhibition under the normal operation again.
7. the automatic field suppressing method of passive zero breaking according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described automatic field suppressing method is utilized the rectifier element forward conduction, the characteristic of oppositely closing, when carrying out the demagnetization instruction, dual demagnetization start assembly (14) is connected the discharge channel that discharge moves energy circuit unit (11), the pre-charge pressure at main charging container (1) two ends directly is added on rotor loop, force the conducting brachium pontis positive closing of silicon controlled rectifier, cut off the output of rectifier power source, control whole field supplies and change described demagnetization converter circuit device (20) over to, realize directly closing the function of silicon controlled rectifier, need not to use the electronic switch and the control system of highly energy-consuming, and be that mechanical magnetic field switching has been created the condition that zero current cut-offs, alleviated the energy consumption burden of follow-up demagnetization process and the danger that parameter transfinites.
8. the automatic field suppressing method of passive zero breaking according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described automatic field suppressing method has been simplified the operation control procedure to the accident demagnetization, after system receives the instruction of accident demagnetization, only utilize the action time difference naturally of magnetic field switching normally closed interlock (7) and described magnetic field switching master fracture (15), at first start discharge by magnetic field switching normally closed interlock (7) and move energy circuit unit (11), with rapid simple and reliable mode of operation, realized closing the function of the rectifier and the active change of current, magnetic field switching master fracture (15) disjunction under zero current then, or directly start demagnetization by electronic switch (9), and the trigger impulse of sealing field rectifier, demagnetization process is subsequently converted automatically by the circuit parameter characteristic of apolegamy, and need not to use the relay control operation of sequential and logic, simplify correspondent control circuits, improved the reliability of execution accident demagnetization instruction and ageing.
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| CNB2005100196361A CN100514786C (en) | 2005-10-19 | 2005-10-19 | Passive zero breaking automatic de-excitation device and method |
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| CNB2005100196361A CN100514786C (en) | 2005-10-19 | 2005-10-19 | Passive zero breaking automatic de-excitation device and method |
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| CN100514786C true CN100514786C (en) | 2009-07-15 |
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| CN102062804A (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2011-05-18 | 白山发电厂 | On-line monitoring device and method for field suppression process of silicon carbide nonlinear resistor |
| CN105119544A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2015-12-02 | 东方电机控制设备有限公司 | Magnetic blow-out switch protective device |
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Effective date of registration: 20171211 Address after: 443002 Hubei Province, Yichang city Xiling District, Jianshe Road No. 1 Patentee after: China Yangtze Power Co., Ltd. Address before: 443002 Hubei city of Yichang Province, Jianshe Road No. 1 Patentee before: Gezhouba Hydroelectric Station |
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