CN100514107C - Optical fiber safety early warning sensor installation method - Google Patents
Optical fiber safety early warning sensor installation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100514107C CN100514107C CNB200610090595XA CN200610090595A CN100514107C CN 100514107 C CN100514107 C CN 100514107C CN B200610090595X A CNB200610090595X A CN B200610090595XA CN 200610090595 A CN200610090595 A CN 200610090595A CN 100514107 C CN100514107 C CN 100514107C
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Abstract
The invention is an installing method of optic fiber safety prewarning sensor of buried tube, construction or ground construction. For buried tube, based on distance from sensing cable [2] to protected pipeline [1] and ratio between sum of diameter of protected pipeline [1] and sensitivity radius of sensing cable [2], one or more sensing cable [2] are mounted on different positions of pipeline [1] along the pipeline [1], so the pipeline [1] is entirely in sensitive range of the sensing cable [2]. For the construction or ground construction, one or more circles of the sensing cable [2] are buried under ground of protected construction nearly in shape of projection of construction on flat, and distance between circles is less or equal with two times of sensitivity radius of sensing cable [2], depth of burying of the sensing cable [2] is less than sensitivity radius of sensing cable [2]. The sensitivity of the optic fiber sensor installed by the method is high, effective, and reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is the optical fiber safety early warning sensor installation method of a kind of buried pipeline, structures or ground structures, installation security protection early warning.Relate to the measurement of mechanical vibration, the measurement and the piping system technical field of impact.
Background technology
For materials such as oil, rock gas, product oil, coal slurry and water, pipeline transportation is a kind of safe, economic and means of transportation efficiently, in global carrier, bringing into play more and more important effect, especially at oil, finished product oil and gas these have inflammable and explosive and energy substance transportation that transaction value is high in occupy very important position, in our country, annual newly-built several thousand kilometers at least pipeline be we can say, pipeline is the main artery of energy transportation.The oil of pipeline transportation, the existing high transaction value of finished product oil and gas also have inflammable and explosive this characteristic, pipeline is in case leak, combustion explosion very easily takes place in leakage region, not only influence the safety in production of pipeline industry, cause enormous economic loss, and all edge line people's property and life security in serious threat.In addition, the pipeline leakage can't be estimated especially to the harm that peripheral ecologic environment causes.
Since pipeline has been arranged, the destruction that comes from the outside has just been arranged also.Especially in the last few years, rise of the oil price, under the driving of interests, the lawless person is possessed with a lust for gain, drilling hole of oil stolen, robber's gas on pipeline; Capital construction starts in a large number, and pipeline construction site along the line is seen everywhere; In addition, disasteies such as landslide, rubble flow take place again and again, the production safety that these are all constantly threatening pipeline, and wherein drilling hole of oil stolen and illegal construction become the primary factor of threat tube safety in production.
According to incompletely statistics, only China destroys the pipe leakage that causes because of the external world or explode last over thousands of time every year, and direct economic loss reaches several hundred million yuan, and indirect losses such as environmental disruption and social influence can't be estimated especially.For preventing outer bound pair pipeline destroyed, the pipeline transportation industry has dropped into lot of manpower and material resources every year, but still can't effectively prevent and stop destruction.The safety in production form of pipeline transportation industry is very severe, and it is extremely urgent to seek means and the method for guaranteeing the pipeline transportation safety in production.
Along with the development of pipeline transportation industry, various pipeline transportation safety monitoring technologies are also in continuous development, and present existing pipe safety production monitoring technology mainly contains two classes.One: the monitoring technology after the pipe leakage incident takes place, this technology mainly contains " tube fluid mechanical state detection technique and distribution type fiber-optic temperature and stress monitoring technology ".Tube fluid mechanical state detection technique is to gather signals such as the flow of fluid in the pipeline, temperature and pressure in real time, carry out pipeline leakage testing and location, this technology is subjected to the effects limit such as performance of fluid behaviour, delivery technology and testing tool in the pipeline, sensitivity and bearing accuracy to line leakage are lower, and this class technology comprises: pressure gradient method, negative pressure wave method, flow equilibrium method.Distribution type fiber-optic temperature and stress monitoring technology are the positions that the medium that utilizes the nonlinear characteristic of optical fiber (Ramam effect and brillouin effect) to gather pipe leakage is in real time determined leakage point to the temperature effect and the shock stress of optical fiber, and this technology is subjected to the distance limit of the structure of optical cable and optical cable and leakage point and influences monitoring effect.They are two years old, prevention monitoring technology before the pipeline damage incident takes place, pipeline damage early warning technology just, existing such technology mainly is " technology of acoustic wave monitoring " at present, this technology is to utilize sound wave along the pipeline transmission principle, an active sensor is being installed every about 1 kilometer, picking up pipeline voice signal along the line is analyzed, determine event property, and then the incident of destroying pipeline found in advance, but each senser element must be equipped with a cover electric supply installation and a communicator, not only increases the investment and the maintenance cost of equipment, and these facilities are also destroyed easily itself, and device can not normally be moved.
At the problem of existing pipeline and the existence of similar facilities safety monitoring technology, the monitoring technology of Australian Patent proposition based on Mach-Zehnder (Mach-zehnder) fibre optic interferometer principle arranged, but this patent is because unstable, also immature technically.And the installation method of Fibre Optical Sensor does not relate to yet.
Optical fiber safety early-warning system has very high sensitivity to the detection of soil vibration signal, can effectively detect near the optical cable 3 meters with interior soil vibration signal; But the intensity of soil vibration signal is big more or the vibration occurrence positions is near more from sensing optic cable, and system is just high more to the bearing accuracy of vibration event, and signal identification is just accurate more.With the position influence optical fiber safety early-warning system of sensing optic cable in pipe alley of pipeline laying in one ditch effective protective capability, so installation site and the method for sensing optic cable in pipe alley is one of gordian technique of optical fiber safety early-warning system to pipeline.
At present, with pipeline laying in one ditch optical cable just in order to satisfy the communications needs, optical cable is pipeline one side below the top of pipeline in the position of pipe alley, is in order to utilize pipeline to protect optical cable like this.And optical cable is during as sensor, and because of its perception sensitive volume is to be the scope at center with the optical cable, protection then is to be the scope at center with the pipeline to picture.When pipeline in the optical cable sensing range, then can detect the soil vibration signal that may endanger the pipeline destroyed incident.So; the installation method of existing pipeline laying in one ditch optical cable is for the bigger pipeline of bore and do not have the validity of protection of the pipeline opposite side of optical fiber to reduce greatly; as can be seen, this method utilizes optical cable for protect pipeline to have many defectives and deficiency as sensor.
Critical facilitys such as other underground structure or communications optical cable, means of transportation, historic reservation, armory, emphasis office and essential industry plant area then also do not have effective way with the safeguard protection in zone.As adopt this efficient system of optical fiber safety early-warning system, the installation method problem of an optical fiber safety early warning sensor is arranged equally.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to invent effective, the reliable optical fiber safety early warning sensor installation method of Fibre Optical Sensor of a kind of buried pipeline, structures or ground structures, installation security protection early warning.
The present invention has different technical schemes according to the difference of protected object.Technical requirement according to optical fiber safety early-warning system; at the technological deficiency problem of present pipeline laying in one ditch Fibre Optical Sensor (hereinafter to be referred as sensing optic cable) in existence aspect effective protection pipeline; the give chapter and verse diameter of protected pipeline; utilize one or more sensing optic cables; these sensing optic cables are installed in positions different in the pipe alley; pipeline is placed fully in the sensitive volume of sensing optic cable monitoring, play the effect of effective protection pipeline.
For buried pipeline is that reportedly sensitization cable 2 to the distance of protected pipeline 1 adds the ratio size of the sensitivity radius of the diameter sum of protected pipeline 1 and sensing optic cable 2; different position around pipeline 1 is installed in one or more sensing optic cables 2 in pipeline 1 places pipeline 1 in the sensitive volume of sensing optic cable 2 monitorings fully.
If wherein sensing optic cable 2 is to the diameter sum of the distance of protected pipeline 1 and protected pipeline 1 during less than the sensitivity radius of sensing optic cable 2, with a sensing optic cable 2 be installed in pipeline 1 directly over [seeing Fig. 1].
Mainly come from the face of land because pipeline 1 is subjected to the threat of extraneous destruction, i.e. the top of pipeline 1 is so the installation site of sensing optic cable 2 is directly over pipeline 1.If pipe diameter r, sensing optic cable 2 is as the transducer sensitivity sensing range, that is: sensing optic cable 2 is in the circle of R rice for center radius, sensing optic cable 2 is D apart from the outer wall distance of pipeline 1 nearside, the distance of sensing optic cable 2 outside pipeline 1 distally is L, d is the deposit distance of optical-fiber security early-warning sensing optic cable 2 sensing ranges, and two interference arm optical fiber of interferometer can only be in same optical cable with passback optical fiber.
The condition of installation method is:
R>2r+D d>0，
R>L，R＝L+d
Needs do not install sensing optic cable 2 additional when not satisfying this condition, the radical of sensing optic cable 2 is installed can be determined as follows:
If sensing optic cable 2 to the diameter sum of the distance of protected pipeline 1 and protected pipeline 1 when the sensitivity radius of sensing optic cable 2 and protected pipeline 1 are in two sensing optic cable 2 sensitive volumes; as shown in Figure 2; two sensing optic cables 2 are installed in pipeline 1 both sides oblique upper to be bordering on the position of same surface level; and two of the optical fiber safety early-warning system interferometer interfere the arm optical fiber respectively in two optical cables, and passback optical fiber is in two optical cables in any sensing optic cable 2.
If sensing optic cable 2 to the diameter sum of the distance of protected pipeline 1 and protected pipeline 1 when the sensitivity radius of sensing optic cable 2 and protected pipeline 1 are still not in two sensing optic cable 2 sensitive volumes; as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4; different position around protected pipeline 1; three above sensing optic cables 2 are installed symmetrically; can be many unjacketed optical fibers safety pre-warning system Fibre Optical Sensor is provided, the interference arm optical fiber of each system's interferometer can be dispensed on respectively in the different sensing optic cable 2 with passback optical fiber.
The present invention proposes to use 2 pairs of pipelines of one to many sensing optic cables 1 soil vibration signal on every side effectively to detect.It is no problem that pipeline 1 nearly sensing optic cable 2 sides are subjected to effective protection of sensing optic cable 2, to such an extent as to when too big teletransmission sensitization cable 2 sides of pipeline 1 diameter are not in the valid analysing range of sensing optic cable 2, increase a sensing optic cable 2 again in teletransmission sensitization cable 2 sides.When pipeline 1 more greatly when two sensing optic cables 2 can not effectively be protected, sensing optic cable 2 numbers are increased to three, three are increased to four can not cover the time, the rest may be inferred, can be with the unconfined increase of the radical of sensing optic cable 2, and then protect the pipeline 1 of any caliber.
For burying ground structures or ground structures, facility; be underground around protected structures, facility 3; bury one or multi-turn sensing optic cable 2 to be bordering on protected structures, facility 3 underground in the shape of surface level projection; and the circle spacing is less than or equal to the twice of sensing optic cable 2 monitoring sensitivity radiuses, and sensing optic cable 2 buries the sensitivity radius of the deposited degree of depth less than sensing optic cable 2 monitorings.
In this case; three kinds of schemes are arranged again; the one, underground around protected structures, facility 3; with be bordering on protected structures, facility 3 is buried spiral fashion multi-turn sensing optic cable 2 underground in the shape of surface level projection; and pitch is less than the twice of the sensitivity radius of sensing optic cable 2 monitorings, and sensing optic cable 2 buries the sensitivity radius of the deposited degree of depth less than sensing optic cable 2 monitorings.The 2nd, underground around protected structures, facility 3; with be bordering on protected structures, facility 3 is buried parallel multi-turn sensing optic cable 2 underground in the shape of surface level projection; and the circle spacing is less than or equal to the twice of the sensitivity radius of sensing optic cable 2 monitorings; sensing optic cable 2 buries the sensitivity radius of the deposited degree of depth less than sensing optic cable 2 monitorings, and every circle sensing optic cable 2 is joined a unjacketed optical fiber safety pre-warning system.The 3rd, underground around protected structures, facility 3; to be bordering on protected structures, facility 3 shape in the surface level projection; bury a sensing optic cable 2 underground parallel multi-turn in the end to end mode of two adjacent rings; the gap is not stayed at the place of meeting that connects at sensing optic cable 2 every circles; and the circle spacing is joined a unjacketed optical fiber safety pre-warning system less than the twice of the sensitivity radius of sensing optic cable 2 monitorings.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 buried pipeline is the sensing optic cable scheme of installation one by one
Two sensing optic cable scheme of installations of Fig. 2 buried pipeline
Three sensing optic cable scheme of installations of Fig. 3 buried pipeline
Four sensing optic cable scheme of installations of Fig. 4 buried pipeline
Fig. 5 buries ground structures or ground structures, facility sensing optic cable scheme of installation
Fig. 6 buries ground structures or ground structures, facility sensing optic cable scheme of installation
1-pipeline, 2-sensing optic cable wherein
3-structures, facility
Embodiment
2. examples of embodiment are 100,000 cubes of crude oil storage tanks of all the people present of quadrate layout to be installed the Fibre Optical Sensor of optical fiber safety early-warning system.Because the tank station floor area is 400 * 400m, adopt a unjacketed optical fiber safety pre-warning system, sensing optic cable 2 around the tank station three circle quadrate spiral fashions lay and be embedded in underground 1 meter depths, 6 meters of pitch.The sensing optic cable of installing with this method 2 uses through optical fiber safety early-warning system, can the early warning tank station around 18 meters wide square endless belt, and the signal sensitivity height, effectively, reliable, also very desirable.
As seen, this method optical fiber sensor installed signal sensitivity height, effective, reliable is for optical fiber safety early-warning system provides desirable fiber optic sensor mounting method.
Claims (4)
1. the optical fiber safety early warning sensor installation method of a buried pipeline safeguard protection early warning; comprise sensing optic cable [2] with pipeline [1] laying in one ditch; it is characterized in that sensitization cable [2] reportedly to the distance of protected pipeline [1] adds the ratio size of the sensitivity radius of the diameter sum of protected pipeline [1] and sensing optic cable [2]; along pipeline [1] one or more sensing optic cables [2] are installed in the different position of pipeline [1] on every side, pipeline [1] are placed fully in the sensitive volume of sensing optic cable [2] monitoring.
2. optical fiber safety early warning sensor installation method according to claim 1; it is characterized in that at sensing optic cable [2] to the diameter sum of the distance of protected pipeline [1] and protected pipeline [1] during less than the sensitivity radius of sensing optic cable [2], a sensing optic cable [2] be installed in pipeline [1] directly over.
3. optical fiber safety early warning sensor installation method according to claim 1; it is characterized in that sensing optic cable [2] to the diameter sum of the distance of protected pipeline [1] and protected pipeline [1] when the sensitivity radius of sensing optic cable [2] and protected pipeline [1] are in two sensing optic cables [2] sensitive volume; two sensing optic cables [2] are installed in pipeline [1] both sides oblique upper and are bordering on the position of same surface level; and two of the optical fiber safety early-warning system interferometer interfere the arm optical fiber respectively in two sensing optic cables [2], passback optical fiber is in two sensing optic cables [2] in any one.
4. optical fiber safety early warning sensor installation method according to claim 1; it is characterized in that sensing optic cable [2] to the diameter sum of the distance of protected pipeline [1] and protected pipeline [1] when the sensitivity radius of sensing optic cable [2] and protected pipeline [1] are still not in two sensing optic cables [2] sensitive volume; in the different on every side position of protected pipeline [1]; three above sensing optic cables [2] are installed symmetrically; can be for many unjacketed optical fibers safety pre-warning system provide Fibre Optical Sensor, the interference arm optical fiber of each system's interferometer can be dispensed on respectively in the different sensing optic cable [2] with passback optical fiber.
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| CNB200610090595XA CN100514107C (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2006-06-30 | Optical fiber safety early warning sensor installation method |
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| CNB200610090595XA CN100514107C (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2006-06-30 | Optical fiber safety early warning sensor installation method |
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| CN 200810167877 Division CN101446384B (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2006-06-30 | Method for installing an optical fiber safety prewarning sensor |
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| CN101566586B (en) * | 2008-04-22 | 2012-02-22 | 宁波诺可电子科技发展有限公司 | External safety early-warning and positioning system of optical cable and optical-electrical compound cable |
| CN104135779A (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2014-11-05 | 长江大学 | Pipeline system oriented three-dimensional deployment method for wireless sensor network |
| CN112233388A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-01-15 | 中科（深圳）能源物联网有限公司 | Cable pile based on optical fiber protection and cable pile monitoring system |
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Effective date of registration: 20170308 Address after: 100007 Beijing, Dongzhimen, North Street, No. 9, No. Patentee after: China National Petroleum Corporation Patentee after: China Petroleum Pipeline Bureau Engineering Co., Ltd. Address before: 100724 Beijing, Xicheng District, shop No. six Kang Street, No. six Patentee before: China National Petroleum Corporation Patentee before: China Petroleum and Natural Gas Pipeline Bureau |