CN100510182C - Plasma melting coating iron-base amorphous nano-crystalline coat and preparing method thereof - Google Patents
Plasma melting coating iron-base amorphous nano-crystalline coat and preparing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100510182C CN100510182C CNB2007100652823A CN200710065282A CN100510182C CN 100510182 C CN100510182 C CN 100510182C CN B2007100652823 A CNB2007100652823 A CN B2007100652823A CN 200710065282 A CN200710065282 A CN 200710065282A CN 100510182 C CN100510182 C CN 100510182C
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Abstract
This invention relates to plasma cladding Fe base non-crystal nanometer crystal foating and its preparation method, in which, the cladding material includes the following components in weight percentages: C 0.5-3.0, B 2-5, Si 2-6, P 0.9-3.0, Mo 12.0-26.0, Ni 5.0-15.0, Cr 2.0-15.0, Re 0.8-3.0 and Fe for the rest the size is 106-180mum. The preparation method includes: cladding plasma on an A3 steel base to prepare a coating in the following technical parameters: Ar is the protection and ionization gas, the Ar flow for transmitting powder is 0.2-0.8m3/h, the protection flow is 0.4-1.0m3/h, the ionization gas flow is 0.5-1.2m3/h, the current is 280-380A and the scan speed is 350-480mm/min. Advantage: a non-crystal nanometer crystal compound coating containing either a non-crystal structure or a nanometer structure is prepared having excellent performance of wear resistance and anti-corrosion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plasma cladding alloy coat technical field, particularly relate to a kind of plasma melting coating iron-base amorphous nano-crystalline coat and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The amorphous nano-crystalline material has the performance more excellent more than traditional material, as higher intensity, hardness and good wear and corrosion behavior, thereby is a kind of very promising type material.Amorphous, nanocrystalline coating technology of preparing were also in continuous development, still because the difficulty of preparation bulk amorphous alloy, nanocrystalline material preparation has had a strong impact on amorphous, nanocrystalline material in actual central application in recent years.Prepare amorphous, nanocrystalline top layer at material surface comparatively speaking, more help realizing.Therefore utilize the amorphous of technology preparations such as plating, electroless plating, thermospray, laser melting coating, nanocrystalline and amorphous nano-crystalline top layer to develop in succession.
Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 2000,36 (12): 1244-1247. report, people such as Wu Xiaolei utilize laser melting and coating technique No. 5 steel surface preparation the Fe of big thickness
57Co
8Ni
8Zr
10Si
4B
13Amorphous coating, this amorphous coating and matrix are metallurgical binding and have good corrosion resisting property.
China's Surface Engineering, 2004,69 (6): the 22-26. report, people such as Pan Jigang utilize the hypersonic flame spraying technology to prepare molybdenum matrix amorphous nanocrystalline coating. and this coating has good corrosion-proof wear performance and good thermostability.
Surface and Coating Technology, 2005,192:311～316.Lingzhong, people such as Du utilize electro-plating method to prepare nanometer Al
2O
3-Ni composite deposite, this coating have good corrosion-proof wear performance.
The plasma melting coating technique is compared with above-mentioned several sufacings and is started late, and the report that utilizes the plasma melting coating technique to prepare amorphous coating, nanocrystalline coating and amorphous nano-crystalline top layer at present rarely has discovery.The plasma melting coating technique is a kind of new top coat technology that grows up on the basis of sufacings such as thermospray, laser melting coating.The process of plasma cladding is a process of fusing, rapid solidification fast, satisfies the required fast cool condition of non-crystaline amorphous metal.
Beam-plasma takes place under normal pressure, so the plasma melting coating equipment does not need vacuum system; The plasma melting coating technique is used for metal finishing, do not need any pre-treatment, and coating and matrix are metallurgical binding, technological process is simple, equipment cost is low, (metallic surface needs pre-treatment with the hot-spraying techniques that is all thick coating, bonding force is relatively poor) and laser melting and coating technique (need vacuum system, equipment cost is about 10 times of plasma melting coating equipment) compare, be that a kind of preparation more effective, more economical, that the coating technique of sufacing, so plasma melting more easily is used for amorphous nanocrystalline coating has wide prospect more.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of plasma melting coating iron-base amorphous nano-crystalline coat and preparation method thereof, it is relatively poor to have overcome original preparation amorphous nanocrystalline coating technology or coating and basal body binding force, the deficiency of cost costliness, prepared alloy coat and matrix are metallurgical binding.Utilize the plasma melting coating technique to prepare the amorphous nanocrystalline composite coating that not only contains non-crystal structure but also contain nanostructure, this coating has excellent wear-corrosion resistance, and cost reduces greatly.
It is cladding material that plasma melting coating iron-base amorphous nano-crystalline coat of the present invention adopts multiple metal and non-metal powder, and its composition is by weight percentage; C 0.5-3.0, B 2-5, Si 2-6, P 0.9-3.0, Mo 12.0-26.0, Ni 5.0-15.0, Cr 2.0-15.0, Re 0.8-3.0, Fe surplus, 106～180 microns of size ranges.
The homemade plasma melting coating equipment of employing of the present invention, the melting and coating process parameter is: as protection and ionized gas, the powder feeding argon flow amount is 0.2-0.8m with Ar
3/ h, the protection argon flow amount is 0.4-1.0m
3/ h, ionized gas flow are 0.5-1.2m
3/ h, electric current are 280-380A, and sweep velocity is 350-480mm/min.
The invention has the advantages that, prepared alloy coat and matrix are metallurgical binding, because employed equipment and raw materials cost are lower, therefore preparation cost reduces greatly, its principle is by appropriate design cladding powder composition, and quick cold true characteristics obtain amorphous nanocrystalline coating in the dependence plasma cladding process.Resulting amorphous nanocrystalline composite coating not only has excellent wear-corrosion resistance, and good thermostability is arranged.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a plasma cladding iron-based coating transverse section pattern photo
Fig. 2 is a plasma cladding iron-based coating X ray diffracting spectrum
Fig. 3 is plasma cladding iron-based coating field emission Electronic Speculum (FESEM) photo
Fig. 4 is plasma cladding iron-based coating transmission electron microscope (TEM) shape appearance figure
Fig. 5 is differential thermal analysis (DSC) curve of plasma cladding iron-based coating
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The composition of multi-element alloy powder is by weight percentage: C 0.5-3.0, B 2-5, Si 2-6, P 0.9-3.0, Mo 12.0-26.0, Ni 5.0-15.0, Cr 2.0-15.0, Re 0.8-3.0, Fe surplus, 106～180 microns of size ranges.Overlay on the A3 steel matrix with plasma melting and to prepare coating, the melting and coating process parameter is: as protection and ionized gas, the powder feeding argon flow amount is 0.2-0.8m with Ar
3/ h, the protection argon flow amount is 0.4-1.0m
3/ h, ionized gas flow are 0.5-1.2m
3/ h, electric current are 280-380A, and sweep velocity is 350-480mm/min.
Embodiment 2
The composition of multi-element alloy powder is by weight percentage: C 0.5-3.0, B 0.5-1.0, Si 1-3.5, P 0.9-3.0, Mo 12.0-26.0, Ni 5.0-15.0, Cr 2.0-15.0, Re 0.8-3.0, Fe surplus, 106～180 microns of size ranges.Overlay on the A3 steel matrix with plasma melting and to prepare coating, the melting and coating process parameter is: as protection and ionized gas, the powder feeding argon flow amount is 0.2-0.8m with Ar
3/ h, the protection argon flow amount is 0.4-1.0m
3/ h, ionized gas flow are 0.5-1.2m
3/ h, electric current are 280-380A, and sweep velocity is 350-480mm/min.
Embodiment 3
The composition of multi-element alloy powder is by weight percentage: C 0.5-3.0, B 0.5-1.0, P 1.0-2.0, Al 2.5-3.0, Mo 18.0-25.0, Ni 7.0-10.0, Cr 4.0-8.0, Zr 2.5-3.0, Fe surplus, 106～180 microns of size ranges.Overlay on the A3 steel matrix with plasma melting and to prepare coating, the melting and coating process parameter is: as protection and ionized gas, the powder feeding argon flow amount is 0.2-0.8m with Ar
3/ h, the protection argon flow amount is 0.4-1.0m
3/ h, ionized gas flow are 0.5-1.2m
3/ h, electric current are 280-380A, and sweep velocity is 350-480mm/min.
Select embodiment 1 to do and be coated with layer analysis.
The crystalline structure of coating
Fig. 1 is a plasma cladding iron-based coating transverse section pattern photo, is the overlap joint pattern of coating as can be seen, and coating and matrix are good metallurgical binding, crackle, pore and defective such as to be mingled with also less in the top layer.Fig. 2 is a plasma cladding iron-based coating X ray diffracting spectrum, as can be seen from the figure: except containing amorphous, also contain crystalline material in the coating.The reference standard diffracting spectrum can be found coating and contain (FeNi), Fe
1.91C
0.09And Fe
0.54Mo
0.37Phase, according to the halfwidth of diffraction peak, utilize Scherrer formula (wherein constant gets 0.89, and λ gets 0.1542nm) to calculate the average grain size of these three kinds of materials respectively: average grain size (FeNi) is 24nm, Fe
1.91C
0.09Average grain size be 23nm, Fe
0.54Mo
0.37Average grain size be 22nm.Adopt method of the present invention to prepare iron-based amorphous nanocrystalline composite coating.
The heterogeneous microstructure of coating
Use emission surface sweeping electron microscopic observation the heterogeneous microstructure of coating, the results are shown in accompanying drawing 3.Therefrom as can be seen: the microtexture of coating is more even, disperse is distributed with the polycrystalline composition of variable grain size in the coating, measure the size of these polycrystalline compositions, measure its distribution of sizes between 10～100nm, identical substantially with the halfwidth of the diffraction peak of using the X diffraction through the grain-size that the Scherrer formula calculates.Utilize transmission electron microscope that the micro-area diffraction style (see figure 4) of coating has also been shown and except containing amorphous, also contain crystalline material in the coating, and crystalline material is a nano-scale, as seen adopts method of the present invention to prepare iron-based amorphous nanocrystalline composite coating.
The hardness of coating
The present invention has measured the gained coating hardness with the digital microhardness tester of HXD-1000TM of Shanghai Tai Ming company, and the highest microhardness reaches 1390.2HV
100, average microhardness is 1052.2HV
100
The thermostability of coating
With the DSC curve of having measured coating on the NETZSCH STA409C thermal analyzer, selecting argon gas for use is protective gas, and the flow velocity of argon gas is 50ml/min, and heat-up rate is 30.0 ℃/min, is heated to 850 ℃.Experimental data is seen accompanying drawing 5, therefrom as can be seen: the amorphous transition temperature T of analysis revealed coating amorphous
gAnd crystallization temperature T
xBe respectively 626.9 ℃ and 696.4 ℃, characterize the Δ T=T of non-crystaline amorphous metal supercooling liquid phase region
x-T
g=69.5 ℃, show that resulting coating has stronger amorphous formation ability, coating also has good thermostability (696.4 ℃ of coatings just begin crystallization) simultaneously.Initial crystallization temperature is about 696.4 ℃, and this shows that 696.4 ℃ of following coatings be stable, crystallization process can not take place.The prepared iron-based amorphous nanocrystalline composite coating of the present invention has very high thermostability.
Coating wear-resisting
Experimental installation: the vertical omnipotent friction and wear tester of MM-W1 type, the preparation of wearing and tearing sample: it is 31.7mm that sample is cut into diameter, thickness is the circular specimen of 8mm, parameter: used friction pair is an alumina globule, rotating speed is about 200 commentaries on classics/min, the load that applies is about 50N, and experimental period is 60 minutes.Control sample is No. 45 steel (average microhardness 830HV after the quench treatment
100), testing data sees attached list 1, can find: the prepared molybdenum matrix amorphous nanocrystalline coating of the present invention has very high solidity to corrosion.
The frictional wear coefficient of subordinate list 1 iron-based cladding coating
| Sample | Hardness HV | Weight mg before the wearing and tearing | Wearing and tearing back weight mg | Weight loss mg | Frictional coefficient |
| Steel quenches No. 45 | 830 | 48148.4 | 48140.0 | 8.4 | 0.56 |
| Cladding coating | 980 | 43956.1 | 43951.6 | 4.5 | 0.42 |
Coating corrosion-resistant
Adopt homemade CHI660B electrochemical workstation to measure the chemical property of coating, sample size is 10mm * 6mm, carry out the moving electricity of electrochemistry for scanning after in 3.5% NaCl solution, soaking 10min, sweep velocity is 0.01V/s, reference electrode is a saturated calomel electrode, and the platinum electrode of 2cm*2cm is as supporting electrode.Control sample is the 0Cr13Ni5Mo stainless steel.Testing data sees attached list 2, can find: the prepared molybdenum matrix amorphous nanocrystalline coating of the present invention has very high solidity to corrosion.
The electrochemical parameter of subordinate list 2 plasma cladding iron-based coatings
Claims (2)
1, a kind of plasma melting coating iron-base amorphous nano-crystalline coat, it is characterized in that, the composition of each mischmetal powder is by weight percentage: C 0.5-3.0, B 2-5, Si 2-6, P 0.9-3.0, Mo 12.0-26.0, Ni 5.0-15.0, Cr 2.0-15.0, RE 0.8-3.0, Fe surplus, 106～180 microns of size ranges.
2, a kind of method for preparing the described plasma melting coating iron-base amorphous nano-crystalline coat of claim 1; it is characterized in that; overlay on the A3 steel matrix with plasma melting and to prepare coating, the melting and coating process parameter is: as protection and ionized gas, the powder feeding argon flow amount is 0.2-0.8m with Ar
3/ h, the protection argon flow amount is 0.4-1.0m
3/ h, ionized gas flow are 0.5-1.2m
3/ h, electric current are 280-380A, and sweep velocity is 350-480mm/min.
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Families Citing this family (15)
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| CN100535190C (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2009-09-02 | 北京科技大学 | A preparation method of composite coating (FeAl+Cr7C3)/γ-(Fe, ni) |
| CN101441914B (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2011-08-31 | 安泰科技股份有限公司 | Amorphous soft magnetic alloy coatings and preparation method thereof |
| CN101709469B (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2011-09-21 | 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 | Iron-based alloy powder material for plasma cladding quick forming |
| CN101899663B (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2011-06-29 | 上海交通大学 | Laser preparation method of iron-based amorphous nanometer crystalline coat |
| CN102011065B (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2012-09-26 | 南车长江车辆有限公司 | Alloy powder for manufacturing embossed label plate by laser cladding |
| CN104120424B (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2016-10-05 | 天津大学 | Iron based laser cladding powder and cladding layer preparation method |
| CN105671544B (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2018-02-06 | 天津大学 | The method for improving 42CrMo steel anti-wear performances in laser melting coating using cladding powder |
| CN103938208B (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2016-01-20 | 辽宁工业大学 | Q235D laser single track melting and coating process method |
| CN103938209B (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2015-12-30 | 辽宁工业大学 | Q235D laser multiple tracks melting and coating process method |
| CN105256259B (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2017-12-01 | 西安创亿能源科技有限公司 | A kind of high thermal stability iron-based amorphous coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN108165985B (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-11-12 | 大同市巴什卡机械制造有限公司 | A kind of plasma melting coating process for vibrating screen inlet port and outlet port |
| CN108977752A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-12-11 | 湖南工业大学 | A method of wear resistant corrosion resistant composite coating is prepared using plasma cladding |
| CN108914042B (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2020-09-11 | 安徽大地熊新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant sintered neodymium-iron-boron magnet |
| CN114351047B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-10-21 | 广东省科学院中乌焊接研究所 | Iron-based alloy powder for plasma cladding, preparation method thereof and plasma cladding method |
| CN116657130B (en) * | 2023-05-22 | 2024-04-05 | 广东省科学院中乌焊接研究所 | Iron-based alloy powder for plasma cladding and preparation method and application thereof |
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