CN100505539C - High temperature superconductive magnetic pulse forming device - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to a pulse forming device for high temperature super-conductive magnets, in which, this invented charge circuit is connected with a super-conductive magnet storage body, a control circuit and a protection circuit orderly and connected with a super-conductive pulse transformer electrically, the storage magnetic body is composed of N energy storage modules in a low temperature Dewar, the control circuit drives the energy storage modules to operate closely and separately and the super-conduction transformer in the low temperature Dewar discharges to the load to form large current pulse waves, the protection circuit provides over-voltage protection to the energy storage magnetic body and the transformer.

Description

High temperature superconductive magnetic pulse forming device

Technical field

The invention belongs to pulse generating unit, particularly a kind of high temperature superconductive magnetic pulse forming device is applicable to fields such as pulse weapon, electromagnetic propulsion and hypervelocity collision mechanics.

Background technology

Pulse Power Techniques are a kind of technology of studying store energy, energy compression, power conversion and power transfer, it at first gets up electric energy with lower power storage, in a short period of time energy is discharged to load by technology such as switch, pulse modulations, thereby in load, obtain very high-power pulse, so it comes down to a kind of technology of studying the forceful electric power Pulse Power Magnification.The highpowerpulse technology comes into one's own day by day as high-new, sophisticated technology at present, particularly aspect new concept weapon and following high-speed carriering tool, has great development potentiality.At modern science and technology research and industrial circle, as nuclear fusion, accelerator, impulse magnetic field, machining, material processed, environmental protection, electromagnetic propulsion technology, hypervelocity collision mechanics, laser etc.; In the military field engineering field, will become the important force de frappe of following weapon with new concept weapon such as pulse weapon, the particle beams and Electro-magnetic Launcher Systems.This type systematic needs great power pulse power source, and this is to comprising that store energy, high-power release, energy efficient high-speed control technology all are unprecedented.The key problem of highpowerpulse technology is the pulse power energy-storage system of research high energy storage density (kJ/kg) and high power density (kW/kg), and require that the pulsed discharge controllable waveform is good, internal resistance is little of to satisfy the unequally loaded needs, require pulse reproducibility good simultaneously, system constitutes simple, and therefore improving energy storage density, improve repetition rate, make device lightweight, miniaturization and practicability is its future thrust.

Since the notion of electromagnetic emission proposes, various countries all are devoted to emission system in the research of satisfying output of widget miniaturization under the specification requirement and electric energy and control mode, mainly concentrate on key factor---the research of energy-storage travelling wave tube and pulse forming network (PFN), and the integrated research report of globality is seldom.According to present development level and instructions for use, be that the pulse power system of energy-storage travelling wave tube is a kind of selection of electromagnetic path emission system power supply with the pulse capacitor.In such power-supply system, pulse capacitor has occupied most of volume.Therefore has only the capacitor of raising energy storage density, promptly reduce the volume of capacitor, could effectively dwindle the volume of power supply, see document LehmannP.Overview of the electric lauch activities at the French-German ResearchInstitue of Saint-Lois (ISL) .IEEE.On Mag., 2003,39 (1): 24～28 and Weise TH, Mang J, Zimmermann G.National overview of the German ETC Program.IEEE Trans.On Mag., 2003,39 (1): 35～38.The international most advanced level of capacitor research at present is 2kJ/L (life-span is more than 1000 times, China be 1.2kJ/L).For the electromagnetic path emission system, because its output current is big, electric stress and mechanical stress are corresponding very big, so the energy storage density of pulse forming network should be less than above numerical value.

High-temperature superconducting magnet has the energy storage efficiency height, energy storage density is big, characteristics quick, that be easy to control release energy, and along with the progress of superconductor production technology, the unit volume energy storage density of the magnet of its actual production can be more and more higher, be applied to Electro-magnetic Launcher System, under identical volume precondition, can strengthen the increase energy storage, improve emission rate.Practicability along with belt material of high temperature superconduct, high-temperature superconductor is at electric power, high-intensity magnetic field, inductive energy storage, the application study in fields such as Pulse Power Techniques is just in develop rapidly, under the support of state plan, China can produce the Bi based high-temperature superconductive strip at present, and being applied to a plurality of forceful electric power application items such as superconducting power transmission cable, superconducting magnetic energy storage system, the research work of Y frenulum material also is being in full swing.The low-temperature superconducting technology has been applied to produce all kinds of high-intensity magnetic fields, the Bi based high-temperature superconductive strip can be operated in 5-10T below 30K, adopt Y system high-temperature superconducting physical efficiency to obtain high high-intensity magnetic field in higher temperature range, see A.B.Sneary, C.M.Friend, J.C.Vallier, et al.Critical Current Density of Bi-2223/Ag MultifilamentaryTapes from 4.2K up to 90K in Magnetic Fields up to 23T[A] .IEEE Trans onASC[C], 1999,9 (2): 2585-2588, and P.E.Richens and H.jones, A DetailedStudy of the Design, Construction and Cro-Operation of an HTS Magnet[A] .IEEE Trans on ASC[C], 2002,12 (1): 1741-1746.

Belt material of high temperature superconduct has more good thermal stability than low-temperature superconducting, generally originates in the part unlike low-temperature superconducting but in all fronts different parts development when quench, also can be in regular hour, energy range after the local quench loaded current.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of high temperature superconductive magnetic pulse forming device, purpose is to utilize more efficiently the energy storage characteristic and the flash-over characteristic of high-temperature superconducting magnet, improves the power output of magnet and improves waveform.

A kind of high-temperature superconducting magnet pulse shaping device of the present invention, comprise charging circuit, control circuit and protective circuit, it is characterized in that: (1) described charging circuit and super conductive magnetic storage energy magnet, control circuit and protective circuit are electrically connected successively, are electrically connected with the superconduction pulse transformer; (2) the super conductive magnetic storage energy magnet is made of N super conductive magnetic storage energy module, places in the cooled cryostat 1≤N≤50; (3) control circuit makes super conductive magnetic storage energy module operation with closed ring, and disconnects charging circuit, control each super conductive magnetic storage energy module by the superconduction pulse transformer to load discharge, formation heavy current pulse waveform, the superconduction pulse transformer places in the cooled cryostat; Described control circuit is connected and composed by signal processor, switch, speed-sensitive switch and diode electrically signal, and signal processor is drawn the constant-current source of two holding wires to charging circuit; Two terminals of N+1 switch are connected with N super conductive magnetic storage energy module series connection and with charging circuit, and two control ends of N+1 switch link to each other with the signal processor control bus respectively; Two terminals of N speed-sensitive switch are corresponding in parallel with the current feed of N super conductive magnetic storage energy module, terminals of N speed-sensitive switch link to each other with the positive current lead of N super conductive magnetic storage energy module respectively successively in addition, another terminals all link to each other with the positive terminals in former limit of superconduction pulse transformer, and two control ends of all 2N speed-sensitive switch link to each other with the signal processor control bus respectively; The forward end of N diode links to each other with the negative current lead of N super conductive magnetic storage energy module respectively successively, and the negative end of N diode all links to each other with the negative terminals in the former limit of superconduction pulse transformer; (4) described protective circuit provides overvoltage protection to super conductive magnetic storage energy magnet and superconduction pulse transformer, is made of protective resistance, ZnO valve plate and ZnO valve plate group, and protective resistance is in parallel with the constant-current source of charging circuit; N ZnO valve plate is in parallel with the current feed of N super conductive magnetic storage energy module, and the ZnO valve plate group is in parallel with the former limit of superconduction pulse transformer.

The present invention charges to the super conductive magnetic storage energy magnet by charging circuit, super conductive magnetic storage energy magnet separated time cake is arranged to the super conductive magnetic storage energy module, control circuit is controlled the super conductive magnetic storage energy module respectively, make super conductive magnetic storage energy magnet module respectively or simultaneously provide the macro-energy pulse in the former limit of pulse transformer, make the load of superconducting transformer secondary obtain heavy current pulse by the controlling Design requirement.Protective circuit is carried out overvoltage protection to the coil of superconducting magnet and superconduction pulse transformer, burns superconducting coil when preventing to release energy, and protects the ZnO valve plate of usefulness can also play the effect of steepness pulse simultaneously.

The present invention does not need to increase other energy storage device, can improve energy utilization ratio, and can obtain higher instantaneous power; Adopt protective circuit, improved whole device fail safe; This system can control by straight line program, is convenient to operation and debugging.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a kind of specific embodiment of control circuit among Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the control program of debugging and system's operation.

Embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes charging circuit 1, super conductive magnetic storage energy module 2, cooled cryostat 3, control circuit 4, protective circuit 5, superconduction pulse transformer 6.2 chargings of 1 pair of super conductive magnetic storage energy module of charging circuit, make super conductive magnetic storage energy module 2 store certain energy and non-quench, make super conductive magnetic storage energy module 2 sub-module operation with closed ring by control circuit 4 then, and disconnection charging circuit, discharge by 6 pairs of loads 7 of superconduction pulse transformer by control circuit 4 each modules of control at last, thereby form needed heavy current pulse waveform.

Wherein super conductive magnetic storage energy module 2 and superconduction pulse transformer 6 all can adopt belt material of high temperature superconduct Bi2223/Ag coiling.Adopt refrigeration machine direct cooling mode or cryogenic liquid that super conductive magnetic storage energy module 2 and superconduction pulse transformer 6 are cooled to below the critical temperature, super conductive magnetic storage energy module 2 is energy storage centers of the present invention, the energy that needs is provided for the pulse shaping loop, realize modularization management, efficient and be easy to control, have good current-carring characteristic, can bear higher magnetic field.Control circuit 4 adopts gate-controlled switch and high speed gate-controlled switch IGBT and big electric current diode combination, realizes each module difference and time controllable pair superconduction pulse transformer 6 output currents; Superconduction pulse transformer 6 can be realized the function that electric current amplifies, and the energy loss of itself is very little, can bear very big electric current output.

Superconduction pulse transformer 6 is step-down up-flow equipment, and inside is air-core transformer, and former limit is by multiturn superconducting tape coiled in parallel, and its inductance is L ₁, marginal for the flat copper band or organize superconducting tape more and be formed in parallel, its inductance is L ₂, the mutual inductance of the former marginal coil of transformer is M, then its pulse up-flow no-load voltage ratio be $K=M/\sqrt{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="L"\; filenames="C200610125053E00091.png,C200610125053E00101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_1\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="C200610125053E00091.png,C200610125053E00101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_2}$ , no-load voltage ratio is the former marginal inductance L of regulating impulse transformer according to actual needs ₁, L ₂With mutual inductance M, the k value generally gets 5-50.

Protection loop 5 can be realized super conductive magnetic storage energy module 2 and superconduction pulse transformer 6 overvoltage protections, also plays the effect of steepness output waveform simultaneously; Clamp ZnO valve plate by electrode, ZnO valve plate 8 is parallel to protected super conductive magnetic storage energy module 2, and ZnO valve plate group 9 is parallel to the former limit of protected superconduction pulse transformer 6.Select the current value of ZnO valve plate principle for the maximum voltage value that can bear on the former limit of considering super conductive magnetic storage energy module 2 and superconduction pulse transformer 6 and the maximum passed through; When designing, the ZnO valve plate group 9 in parallel with the former limit of superconduction pulse transformer 6 also to consider the non-linear of used ZnO valve plate and the pulse steepness that needs.

Fig. 2 is for implementing a kind of concrete control circuit figure of Fig. 1 function, its structure is, K switch 1, K2, K3, K4 link to each other with the adjacent projected current lead-in wire of 5 super conductive magnetic storage energy modules 2 respectively, 5 super conductive magnetic storage energy modules 2 are together in series, K switch 01 is connected two current feeds that super conductive magnetic storage energy module 2 is left respectively with K02, and the other end of K switch 01 and K02 links to each other with the two poles of the earth of constant-current source Is respectively, and protective resistance R is directly in parallel with the constant-current source Is of charging; Speed-sensitive switch K11, K21, K31, K41 and K51 are corresponding in parallel with 5 super conductive magnetic storage energy modules 2 successively, speed-sensitive switch K12, K22, K32, K42, the end of K53 links to each other with a current feed of super conductive magnetic storage energy module 2 respectively successively, an other end all links to each other with former limit one end of superconduction pulse transformer 6, and each speed-sensitive switch K11, K21, K31, K41, the K51 two ends all link to each other with a ZnO valve plate 8, diode D1, D2, D3, D4, the forward end of D5 links to each other with an other current feed of super conductive magnetic storage energy module 2 respectively successively, diode D1, D2, D3, D4, the other end of D5 link to each other with the other end in the former limit of superconduction pulse transformer 6; ZnO valve plate group 9 is directly in parallel with the former limit of superconduction pulse transformer 6; The secondary shunt load of superconduction pulse transformer 6; Signal processor 10 is drawn holding wire respectively to constant-current source Is and K01, K02, K1, K2, K3, K4, K11, K21, K31, K41, K51, K12, K22, K32, K42, K52.

Adopt computer programming control to realize the operation of test adjustment and pulse shaping, Fig. 3 is the flow chart of control program.

Below in conjunction with Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 whole loop is described in further detail.

During test, control circuit sense switch K11 at first, K12, K21, K22, K31, K32, K41, K42, K51, whether K52 all disconnects, if do not disconnect, signal processor 10 signals and allows its disconnection, signal processor 10 K01 that closes that signals then, K02, K1, K2, K3, K4 allows constant-current source Is begin up-flow, and up-flow is to set point I _m, set point I _mMust be lower than the critical current I of super conductive magnetic storage energy module 2 _c, disconnect Is, at this moment, super conductive magnetic storage energy module 2 is charged successfully; Signal processor 10 K21 that closes that signals, K31, K41 and K51 make each super conductive magnetic storage energy module 2 own operation with closed ring respectively, disconnect K01 again, K02, K1, K2, K3, K4, and slowly make constant-current source Is return zero, the K12 that closes a switch, K22, K32, K42, K52, signal processor 10 signal and disconnect K11, cross t1 after the time, disconnect K21, and t2 disconnects K31 after the time, t3, t4 disconnect K41 successively after the time, K51 is that t5 disconnects K12, K22 simultaneously after the time at last, K32, K42, K52, pulse shaping is finished.Meet the requirements in the time of pulse that artificial check is shaped, if do not meet the requirements, the K01 that closes a switch, K02, K1, K2, K3, K4, make the remaining energy of magnet bleed off after, change time parameter t1 again, t2, t3, t4, t5 repeat above step again and debug pulse again.

Claims (1)

1. high-temperature superconducting magnet pulse shaping device, comprise charging circuit, control circuit and protective circuit, it is characterized in that: (1) described charging circuit and super conductive magnetic storage energy magnet, control circuit and protective circuit are electrically connected successively, are electrically connected with the superconduction pulse transformer; (2) the super conductive magnetic storage energy magnet is made of N super conductive magnetic storage energy module, places in the cooled cryostat 1≤N≤50; (3) control circuit makes super conductive magnetic storage energy module operation with closed ring, and disconnects charging circuit, control each super conductive magnetic storage energy module by the superconduction pulse transformer to load discharge, formation heavy current pulse waveform, the superconduction pulse transformer places in the cooled cryostat; Described control circuit is connected and composed by signal processor, switch, speed-sensitive switch and diode electrically signal, and signal processor is drawn the constant-current source of two holding wires to charging circuit; Two terminals of N+1 switch are connected with N super conductive magnetic storage energy module series connection and with charging circuit, and two control ends of N+1 switch link to each other with the signal processor control bus respectively; Two terminals of N speed-sensitive switch are corresponding in parallel with the current feed of N super conductive magnetic storage energy module, terminals of N speed-sensitive switch link to each other with the positive current lead of N super conductive magnetic storage energy module respectively successively in addition, another terminals all link to each other with the positive terminals in former limit of superconduction pulse transformer, and two control ends of all 2N speed-sensitive switch link to each other with the signal processor control bus respectively; The forward end of N diode links to each other with the negative current lead of N super conductive magnetic storage energy module respectively successively, and the negative end of N diode all links to each other with the negative terminals in the former limit of superconduction pulse transformer; (4) described protective circuit provides overvoltage protection to super conductive magnetic storage energy magnet and superconduction pulse transformer, is made of protective resistance, ZnO valve plate and ZnO valve plate group, and protective resistance is in parallel with the constant-current source of charging circuit; N ZnO valve plate is in parallel with the current feed of N super conductive magnetic storage energy module, and the ZnO valve plate group is in parallel with the former limit of superconduction pulse transformer.

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