CN100501751C - Device and method for gem three-dimensional blank reconstruction design based on machine vision - Google Patents
Device and method for gem three-dimensional blank reconstruction design based on machine vision Download PDFInfo
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- CN100501751C CN100501751C CNB2007100727730A CN200710072773A CN100501751C CN 100501751 C CN100501751 C CN 100501751C CN B2007100727730 A CNB2007100727730 A CN B2007100727730A CN 200710072773 A CN200710072773 A CN 200710072773A CN 100501751 C CN100501751 C CN 100501751C
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Abstract
A device and a method for reconstruction designing of the precious stone three-dimensional blank based on mechanical vision relates to a device and a method for reconstruction cutting work designing of the precious stone three-dimensional blank based on mechanical vision method, so as to solve the problems that the blank reconstruction device of the existing precious stone is complicated in structure and expensive in cost; as well as the designing method exists the problems that the designing method cannot support automatic designing, the manual design parameter process is fussy and wastes a long time, the experience of the designer is depended on very much, and the best design is very difficult to achieve. The signal output terminal of the picture collection equipment of the present invention is connected with the signal input terminal of the processing system, the control input terminal of the rotate platform equipment and the illumination equipment are connected with the control output terminal of the processing system, the output light of the illumination equipment supplies the input terminal of the picture collection equipment. The method and the step of the present invention is as follows: step one, start; step two, blank reconstruction; step three, cutting work designing; step four, three-dimensional modeling. The present invention has the advantages that the testing time is short, the cutting work designing is flexible and the cost performance is high, and is convenient for users to purchase and apply.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of jewel blank design system, be specifically related to a kind of device and method that carries out jewel blank reconstruction cutting work designing based on machine vision method.
Background technology
The jewel cutting work designing is a most important procedure in the gem processing technological process, need weigh index, finds out an equilibrium point.The quality of jewel cutting work designing directly has influence on this jewel commercial value in the future.It requires the deviser accurately measuring on the basis of jewel blank, according to having experience and customer requirement to be optimized design, needs very strong space imagining ability and abundant gem processing and commercial experience.Existing manual mode can't meet the demands along with the increasingly sophisticated and demand of customer requirements continues to increase, thereby intellectual technology and Automatic Measurement Technique must be introduced the jewel design field.
The method that the reconstruct of workpiece 3D shape is mainly adopted is structured light scanning reconstruct and multiple-camera imaging method.First kind method precision height, algorithm are ripe relatively, existing lot of research and preliminary realization industrialization in this field at present, as products such as three-dimensional imaging instrument and spatial digitizers, yet the common complex structure of this series products involves great expense, and can't realize miniaturization and requirement cheaply; Second class methods then need to use a plurality of video cameras and carry out precise synchronization, there is the high problem of complex structure and hardware cost equally, existing restructing algorithm is generally only considered the smooth object surface, when having the jewel blank of corner angle or obvious face feature, processing can occur than mistake, and can't be as measurement result and further design use.For the jewel cutting work designing, at present existing multiclass cut Autocad, as GemCAD, JewelCAD etc., can design 3-D display jewel cut and comparing result according to the user, shortcoming is not support automatic design, observations after the necessary one group of parameter of manual designs of user, adjust parameter repeatedly until finally reaching satisfied result according to the result again, whole process is loaded down with trivial details, and length consuming time generally needs dozens of minutes even a few hours just can finish, and the result seriously relies on deviser's experience, is difficult to reach optimal design.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the complex structure that solves existing jewel blank reconstruction device existence, the problem that involves great expense; And method for designing exist do not support automatic design, the loaded down with trivial details length consuming time of manual design parameter process, too rely on deviser's experience, be difficult to reach the problem of optimal design, a kind of device and method of the gem three-dimensional blank reconstruction design based on machine vision is provided.
The device that designs based on the gem three-dimensional blank reconstruction of machine vision of the present invention is by image capture device 1, rotatable platform equipment 2, disposal system 3 and light fixture 4 are formed, the signal output part of image capture device 1 is connected with the signal input part of disposal system 3, the control input end of rotatable platform equipment 2 and light fixture 4 is connected with the control output end of disposal system 3, the output light of light fixture 4 is supplied with the input end of image capture device 1, described image capture device 1 is made up of video camera 1-1 and image pick-up card 1-2, the signal output part of video camera 1-1 is connected with the signal input part of image pick-up card 1-2, described rotatable platform equipment 2 is by platform body 2-1, drive motor 2-2 and device control card 2-3 form, the transmission output terminal of drive motor 2-2 and platform body 2-1 are in transmission connection, the control input end of the 2-2 of drive motor is connected with the control output end of device control card 2-3, described disposal system 3 is made up of processor 3-1 and display device 3-2, the signal input part of processor 3-1 is connected with the signal output part of image pick-up card 1-2, the signal output part of processor 3-1 is connected with the signal input part of display device 3-2, the control output end of processor 3-1 is connected with the control input end of device control card 2-3, described light fixture 4 comprises secondary light source 4-1, Fresnel Lenses 4-2 and camera lens 4-3, the control input end of secondary light source 4-1 is connected with the control output end of processor 3-1, secondary light source 4-1, Fresnel Lenses 4-2, jewel blank W to be measured, camera lens 4-3 and video camera 1-1 are provided with point-blank successively from right to left, and secondary light source 4-1 and video camera 1-1 are separately positioned on the focus place of Fresnel Lenses 4-2 and camera lens 4-3.
The method step of gem three-dimensional blank reconstruction design of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention has following characteristics:
(1) detection time short, every jewel blank detection time, only about 10 seconds, the cutting work designing time was about 20 seconds; It is convenient to measure, and only needs the jewel blank is arbitrarily placed on the rotation platform, need not manual calibrating position and can realize gem three-dimensional blank reconstruction and cutting work designing, the process full automation.
(2) cutting work designing is flexible, but design parameter is many, and it is accurate to optimize the result, not only can design single jewel cut according to cutting weight maximal criterion according to conventional method, and can finish flaw jewel cutting work designing, many jewels design simultaneously, can carry out manual correction to design result simultaneously; Design parameter not only comprises each cut surface and precious stone shape parameter, also comprises the main shaft three-dimensional, jewel rank, jewel cutting standard etc.
(3) show blank reconstruction and jewel design result intuitively with three dimensional constitution, by superpose with picture 3-D display jewel blank shape and cutting work designing result, the user can carry out the whole and any local facet of jewel intuitively, and with the contrast of former blank shape, allow the user design result to be revised simultaneously, unreasonable part is intuitively demonstrated false alarm by three-dimensional so that interactive mode is manual.
(4) based on the machine vision principle, use component equipments such as video camera, control card, secondary light source, homogeneous system need not special measuring appliance relatively, thereby easy to use, and the cost performance height is convenient to the user and is bought application.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the inventive method, and Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of blank reconstruction method, and Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram of cutting work designing method, and Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram of three-dimensional modeling method.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: referring to Fig. 1, the device of present embodiment is by image capture device 1, rotatable platform equipment 2, disposal system 3 and light fixture 4 are formed, the signal output part of image capture device 1 is connected with the signal input part of disposal system 3, the control input end of rotatable platform equipment 2 and light fixture 4 is connected with the control output end of disposal system 3, the output light of light fixture 4 is supplied with the input end of image capture device 1, described image capture device 1 is made up of video camera 1-1 and image pick-up card 1-2, the signal output part of video camera 1-1 is connected with the signal input part of image pick-up card 1-2, described rotatable platform equipment 2 is by platform body 2-1, drive motor 2-2 and device control card 2-3 form, the transmission output terminal of drive motor 2-2 and platform body 2-1 are in transmission connection, the control input end of the 2-2 of drive motor is connected with the control output end of device control card 2-3, described disposal system 3 is made up of processor 3-1 and display device 3-2, the signal input part of processor 3-1 is connected with the signal output part of image pick-up card 1-2, the signal output part of processor 3-1 is connected with the signal input part of display device 3-2, the control output end of processor 3-1 is connected with the control input end of device control card 2-3, described light fixture 4 comprises secondary light source 4-1, Fresnel Lenses 4-2 and camera lens 4-3, the control input end of secondary light source 4-1 is connected with the control output end of processor 3-1, secondary light source 4-1, Fresnel Lenses 4-2, jewel blank W to be measured, camera lens 4-3 and video camera 1-1 are provided with point-blank successively from right to left, and secondary light source 4-1 and video camera 1-1 are separately positioned on the focus place of Fresnel Lenses 4-2 and camera lens 4-3.The light fixture 4 of present embodiment can also increase laser diode 4-4 and slit lens 4-5, laser diode 4-4 is arranged on the focus place of slit lens 4-5, jewel blank W to be measured, slit lens 4-5 and laser diode 4-4 set gradually on an axis, and the straight line at this axis and Fresnel Lenses 4-2, jewel blank W to be measured and camera lens 4-3 place is in same surface level.When there is pit in jewel blank surface, open laser diode 4-4 emission laser, laser becomes linear light radiation to jewel blank surface after by slit lens 4-5, and the pit on jewel blank surface is discerned by the variation of light source projection straight line degree.
Embodiment two: referring to Fig. 2, the method step of present embodiment is:
Embodiment three: referring to Fig. 3, the difference of present embodiment and embodiment two is that the step of blank reconstruction of step 3 is as follows: steps A, start rotating machinery: start video camera 1-1 and rotatable platform body 2-1, drive platform body 2-1 by device control card 2-3 controlling and driving motor 2-2 with assigned rate and carry out the high precision rotation; Step B, image acquisition: by video camera 1-1 jewel blank W to be measured is carried out image acquisition, and the image that collects is sent to processor 3-1 by image pick-up card 1-2; Step C, image pre-service: remove noise, thresholding, jewel blank W to be measured is carried out image segmentation; Step D, the match of jewel outline polygon: from quadrilateral, increase the limit number gradually, surround error less than specifying numerical value until polygon and jewel profile; Step e, calculate each apex coordinate: at first calculate the two-dimensional coordinate on each summit of polygon, then according to current platform angle and table top center calculation summit depth information; Step F, judgement collection finish: judge whether platform body 2-1 rotates a circle, and is, then image acquisition process is finished, and turns to step G, not, then return step B; Step G, divide network: use Delaunday to improve algorithm and divide according to the three-dimensional vertices coordinate; Step H, computing grid normal vector, grid optimization: be optimized according to network flatness constraint, to each grid computing normal vector and with the distance at platform center, calculate adjacent mesh normal vector and distance error then; Step I, judge whether that all grids all can't merge: be, then turn to step J, not, then turn to step H; Step J, obtain each vertex of surface, summit order and face parameter: according to the space law vector and initial point distance of optimizing the back grid, usage space cartesian geometry formula calculates each hand-deliver point as the summit, determines the vertex index and the some preface of each grid then.Other step is identical with embodiment two.
Embodiment four: referring to Fig. 4, the difference of present embodiment and embodiment two is that the step of cutting work designing of step 4 is as follows: step 1., read in designing requirement: judge whether to be then to turn to step 2. into formulating shaped design,, then do not turn to step 7.; Step 2., designated shape design: at first design axially three-dimensional in blank according to shape; Step 3., is further determined the size of wide part of jewel; Step 4., according to the size of wide part and the range of size that cutting work designing requires to determine remainder; Step 5., optimized design: in range of size according to the design objective requirement, jewel to be designed at first is divided into a plurality of basic comprising voxels according to each summit, to each voxel calculation Design index and add up, adopt exploratory searching method in the optimization procedure based on golden section; Step 6., judge whether to reach optimized design: will optimize the result and compare, and be, and then turn to step 8., not, then turn to step 5. with the standard database that is kept among the processor 3-1; Step is 7., freely design: determine the basic configuration classification set of jewel to be designed, to each class shape, according to step 2.～step method is 6. carried out optimal design, and the record design result; Step 8., all kinds of shaped design results are compared is selected optimal result.Other step is identical with embodiment two.
Embodiment five: referring to Fig. 5, the difference of present embodiment and embodiment three is that the step of three-dimensional modeling of step 4 is as follows: step I, initialization: determine true origin, initial visual angle, jewel material, light source parameters; Step I i, eliminate invisible intersection point: each laminar surface is obtained and last layer, one deck adjacent surface down, calculate the hand-deliver point, whether as seen to calculate each intersection point; Step I ii, judge whether to eliminate invisible intersection point: be, then turn to step I v, not, then turn to step I i; Step I v, output parameter: draw jewel envelope grid by the summit, and export the corresponding parameter of each face on the whole; Step v, Rendering: carry out painted to jewel and drafting according to the material of light source position, lighting angle and setting; Step vi, operation response: the input of response user's mouse or keyboard, to jewel be rotated, zoom operations.Other step is identical with embodiment two.
Claims (6)
1, device based on the design of the gem three-dimensional blank reconstruction of machine vision, it is by image capture device (1), rotatable platform equipment (2), disposal system (3) and light fixture (4) are formed, the signal output part that it is characterized in that image capture device (1) is connected with the signal input part of disposal system (3), the control input end of rotatable platform equipment (2) and light fixture (4) is connected with the control output end of disposal system (3), the output light of light fixture (4) is supplied with the input end of image capture device (1), described image capture device (1) is made up of video camera (1-1) and image pick-up card (1-2), the signal output part of video camera (1-1) is connected with the signal input part of image pick-up card (1-2), described rotatable platform equipment (2) is by platform body (2-1), drive motor (2-2) and device control card (2-3) are formed, the transmission output terminal of drive motor (2-2) and platform body (2-1) are in transmission connection, the control input end of (2-2) of drive motor is connected with the control output end of device control card (2-3), described disposal system (3) is made up of processor (3-1) and display device (3-2), the signal input part of processor (3-1) is connected with the signal output part of image pick-up card (1-2), the signal output part of processor (3-1) is connected with the signal input part of display device (3-2), the control output end of processor (3-1) is connected with the control input end of device control card (2-3), described light fixture (4) comprises secondary light source (4-1), Fresnel Lenses (4-2) and camera lens (4-3), the control input end of secondary light source (4-1) is connected with the control output end of processor (3-1), secondary light source (4-1), Fresnel Lenses (4-2), jewel blank to be measured (W), camera lens (4-3) and video camera (1-1) are provided with point-blank successively from right to left, and secondary light source (4-1) and video camera (1-1) are separately positioned on the focus place of Fresnel Lenses (4-2) and camera lens (4-3).
2, the device that designs based on the gem three-dimensional blank reconstruction of machine vision according to claim 1, the light fixture (4) that it is characterized in that it has increased laser diode (4-4) and slit lens (4-5), laser diode (4-4) is arranged on the focus place of slit lens (4-5), jewel blank to be measured (W), slit lens (4-5) and laser diode (4-4) set gradually on an axis, and the straight line at this axis and Fresnel Lenses (4-2), jewel blank to be measured (W) and camera lens (4-3) place is in same surface level.
3, based on the method for the gem three-dimensional blank reconstruction of machine vision design, it is characterized in that its step is as follows:
Step 1, startup: jewel blank to be measured (W) is placed on the platform body (2-1), sends steering order by processor (3-1) and provide back lighting for platform body (2-1) for secondary light source (4-1);
Step 2, blank reconstruction: drive platform body (2-1) by device control card (2-3) controlling and driving motor (2-2) with assigned rate and carry out the high precision rotation, gather the video of jewel blank to be measured (W) all angles by video camera (1-1), the video of gathering is converted into the multiframe digital image sequence by image pick-up card (1-2) and imports in the processor (3-1), the multiframe digital image sequence is calculated the three-dimensional surface and the form parameter of jewel blank to be measured (W) by processor (3-1), and in processor (3-1) shape of reconstruct jewel blank;
Step 3, cutting work designing: according to the cutting profile of the three-dimensionalreconstruction result of jewel blank to be measured (W), jewel to be designed and follow the initial parameter that standard-required is optimized major axes orientation, the size parameter of jewel to be designed by processor (3-1) and calculated each cut surface, compare with the standard database that is kept in the processor (3-1) again, further obtain concrete parameter of each cut surface of jewel to be designed and complete final design result, and reconstruct and design result are kept in the processor (3-1) for consulting retrieval and printout;
Step 4, three-dimensional modeling: by processor (3-1) 3D shape of jewel blank to be measured (W) and cutting parameter are provided with form in the mode of three-dimensional stack by the user by the OpenGL technology and are presented on the display device (3-2), and to 3-D view be rotated, local amplify and with jewel blank to be measured (W) and design result stack demonstration.
4, the method that designs based on the gem three-dimensional blank reconstruction of machine vision according to claim 3, the step of blank reconstruction that it is characterized in that step 2 is as follows: steps A, start rotating machinery: start video camera (1-1) and rotatable platform body (2-1), drive platform body (2-1) by device control card (2-3) controlling and driving motor (2-2) with assigned rate and carry out high precision and rotate; Step B, image acquisition: by video camera (1-1) jewel blank to be measured (W) is carried out image acquisition, and the image that collects is sent to processor (3-1) by image pick-up card (1-2); Step C, image pre-service: remove noise, thresholding, jewel blank to be measured (W) is carried out image segmentation; Step D, the match of jewel outline polygon: from quadrilateral, increase the limit number gradually, surround error less than specifying numerical value until polygon and jewel profile; Step e, calculate each apex coordinate: at first calculate the two-dimensional coordinate on each summit of polygon, then according to current platform angle and table top center calculation summit depth information; Step F, judgement collection finish: judge whether platform body (2-1) rotates a circle, and is, then image acquisition process is finished, and turns to step G, not, then return step B; Step G, divide network: use Delaunday to improve algorithm and divide according to the three-dimensional vertices coordinate; Step H, computing grid normal vector, grid optimization: be optimized according to network flatness constraint, to each grid computing normal vector and with the distance at platform center, calculate adjacent mesh normal vector and distance error then; Step I, judge whether that all grids all can't merge: be, then turn to step J, not, then turn to step H; Step J, obtain each vertex of surface, summit order and face parameter: according to the space law vector and initial point distance of optimizing the back grid, usage space cartesian geometry formula calculates each hand-deliver point as the summit, determines the vertex index and the some preface of each grid then.
5, the method that designs based on the gem three-dimensional blank reconstruction of machine vision according to claim 3, the step of cutting work designing that it is characterized in that step 3 is as follows: step 1., read in designing requirement: judge whether it is then to turn to step 2. for designated shape designs,, then do not turn to step 7.; Step 2., designated shape design: at first design axially three-dimensional in blank according to shape; Step 3., is further determined the size of wide part of jewel; Step 4., according to the size of wide part and the range of size that cutting work designing requires to determine remainder; Step 5., optimized design: in range of size according to the design objective requirement, jewel to be designed at first is divided into a plurality of basic comprising voxels according to each summit, to each voxel calculation Design index and add up, adopt exploratory searching method in the optimization procedure based on golden section; Step 6., judge whether to reach optimized design: will optimize the result and compare, and be, and then turn to step 8., not, then turn to step 5. with the standard database that is kept in the processor (3-1); Step is 7., freely design: determine the basic configuration classification set of jewel to be designed, to each class shape, according to step 2.～step method is 6. carried out optimal design, and the record design result; Step 8., all kinds of shaped design results are compared is selected optimal result.
6, the method for the gem three-dimensional blank reconstruction design based on machine vision according to claim 3 is characterized in that the step of three-dimensional modeling of step 4 is as follows: step I, initialization: determine true origin, initial visual angle, jewel material, light source parameters; Step I i, eliminate invisible intersection point: each laminar surface is obtained and last layer, one deck adjacent surface down, calculate the hand-deliver point, whether as seen to calculate each intersection point; Step I ii, judge whether to eliminate invisible intersection point: be, then turn to step I v, not, then turn to step I i; Step I v, output parameter: draw jewel envelope grid by the summit, and export the corresponding parameter of each face on the whole; Step v, Rendering: carry out painted to jewel and drafting according to the material of light source position, lighting angle and setting; Step vi, operation response: the input of response user's mouse or keyboard, to jewel be rotated, zoom operations.
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| CNB2007100727730A CN100501751C (en) | 2007-09-06 | 2007-09-06 | Device and method for gem three-dimensional blank reconstruction design based on machine vision |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB0919235D0 (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2009-12-16 | De Beers Centenary AG | Inclusion detection in polished gemstones |
| CN102175175B (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2012-11-28 | 中国地震局地质研究所 | Small slice type three-dimensional structure reconstruction system |
| CN103218849A (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2013-07-24 | 数伦计算机技术（上海）有限公司 | Image modeling system |
| WO2014097298A2 (en) | 2012-12-20 | 2014-06-26 | Sarine Technologies Ltd. | System for accurate 3d modeling of gemstones |
| CN103488849A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2014-01-01 | 梧州学院 | Method for restoring original design of bright circular polished gemstone by using image processing technology |
| CN104282037A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-01-14 | 广东惠利普路桥信息工程有限公司 | Three-dimensional modeling system |
| CN109459589B (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2020-04-17 | 东莞市凯融光学科技有限公司 | Method for measuring surface type of product with equal-height Fresnel structure |
| CN111161179B (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2023-06-16 | 华南理工大学 | Point cloud smoothing method based on normal vector |
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