CN100499407C - Expense message processing apparatus and processing method thereof - Google Patents
Expense message processing apparatus and processing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100499407C CN100499407C CNB2004100481474A CN200410048147A CN100499407C CN 100499407 C CN100499407 C CN 100499407C CN B2004100481474 A CNB2004100481474 A CN B2004100481474A CN 200410048147 A CN200410048147 A CN 200410048147A CN 100499407 C CN100499407 C CN 100499407C
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Abstract
The disclosed device includes following parts: overhead parsing unit carries out protocol analysis processing for overhead message in order to obtain operation attendance management (OAM) information; data packing unit packs OAM inside data frame, and sends the package to relevant functional entities inside devices through bus; data unpacking unit parses out packed OAM feedback information generated by relevant functional entities inside devices from the said data frame sent through bus; after carrying out protocol analysis processing for OAM feedback information, overhead generating unit, packs overhead generated to overhead bytes corresponding to signal in synchronous transmission mode. Thus the new signal carries new overhead message. The invention also discloses a method for processing overhead message. Features are: reducing wiring load on backboard, raising flexibility for treating overhead message, and lowering cost of device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of optical fiber communication, further relate to Overhead Message processing unit and processing method thereof in the optical fiber telecommunications system.
Background technology
Synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH, Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) is a kind of digital communication system in the optical fiber telecommunications system, it is the cover international standard of ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T, InternationalTelecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization Sector) in formal recommendation in 1988.In optical fiber telecommunications system, SDH is a networking principle, is again a cover multiplex mode; Therefore based on the SDH technology, can build up national telecommunications Optical Transmission Network OTN and even whole world telecommunications Optical Transmission Network OTN flexible, reliable and that can carry out control and management.Can expand new business easily with the Optical Transmission Network OTN that the SDH technology is set up, the communication equipment of different manufacturers production is interconnected.
Before the SDH standard technique is released, optical fiber telecommunications system does not have a cover international uniform standard to be used for reference, all be to develop different optical fiber telecommunications systems separately, promptly adopt PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy) (PDH, Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy) to set up fiber optic communication network by each country.If but adopt the PDH art to set up fiber optic communication network, the signal transmission rate that each system adopted, line code, interface standard and network configuration are all inequality, interconnecting or directly networking between the devices from different manufacturers can't realized on the fibre circuit, cause the performance difficulty of many technology, and increased networking cost.
And the SDH standard technique produces for the above-mentioned shortcoming that overcomes the PDH technology, and it at first has a definite target, again according to the goal-setting standard, then according to setting standard development equipment; So just can set system and the equipment that following fiber optic communication network requires according to the most perfect mode.
The SDH standard technique had following major advantage for former PDH technology:
(1) SDH has unified the transmission rate of signals at different levels in the optical fiber communication system in worldwide; Wherein the signal transformat of SDH definition is STM-N, its corresponding signal transmission rate is that (Mb/s represents the megabit number of per second transmission signals to N * 155.520Mb/s, bit is the unit of measurement information length, N=1 wherein, 4,16 ...), the transmission rate of STM signal increases progressively with 4 times.
At present, the most frequently used SDH signal transformat is STM-1, STM-4, STM-16 and STM-64 etc., and Dui Ying signal transmission rate is 155Mb/s, 622Mb/s, 2.5Gb/s and 10Gb/s etc. respectively.
(2) SDH has simplified multiple connection and has divided connection technology, and SDH can be PDH branch services such as 2Mb/s stream directly multiple connection or tap from the SDH signal, carries out multiple connection or tap and needn't resemble the PDH Technology Need step by step from base speed group to group at a high speed.Thereby simplified multiple connection, divided connection technology, tributary signal is convenient up and down, has improved the flexibility and the reliability of communication network greatly.
(3) SDH has customized the interface standard that whole world fiber optic communication network is adopted; So just make the communication equipment of different manufacturers production to have saved the cost of networking according to the unified interface standard use of interconnecting of customization.
(4) SDH is in the line code of Network Transmission, arranged more bit more than needed, these bits more than needed can be used as the carrying Overhead Message and use, so-called Overhead Message is meant operation, manages, safeguards (OAM, Operation Administration Maintenance) message is used for operations such as the fault detect at networking and monitoring transmission performance parameter.
At present, be used to define the SDH bit rate series of G.707 advising having stipulated six grades of SDH bit rate, wherein STM-N (N=0,1,4,16,64,256) the meaning is meant the signal transmission rate of N level synchronous transfer module (STM, Synchronous Transport Module).The baseband signal transmission rate of STM is 155520kbit/s (being STM-1), and higher signal transmission rate is that 4 integral multiples with N double on the basis of STM-1 transmission rate.
Above-mentionedly describe, a distinguishing feature of SDH technology is to have abundant overhead-bits resource in the line code of Network Transmission, and the overhead byte (overhead) that arrangement is enriched in the frame structure of its tangible SDH is exactly for operation, the management that realizes network system, safeguards (OAM) function.Described expense is exactly that some are attached to added bit or extra byte on the service message bit basis.
Wherein G.707 in the suggestion synchronous transfer module (STM) form specifically is being divided into regenerator section, multiplex section, AU pointer, higher order path, higher order virtual container, low order channel and Lower Order Virtual Container, for regenerator section, multiplex section, higher order path and low order channel, utilize overhead byte separately to carry corresponding management information exactly, to finish the OAM(Operation Administration Maintenance) of network system.
Because in optical fiber telecommunications system, the extraction of Overhead Message/insertion circuit and analyzing and processing circuit be more complicated all, so at present optical fiber telecommunications system all is independently to finish the extraction processing of Overhead Message on each veneer of communication equipment, the overhead bus by special use is sent to special Overhead Message analysis and processing unit and focuses on then; And the extraction processing procedure contrary of the insertion processing of Overhead Message and Overhead Message.
It is at present, a kind of in optical fiber telecommunications system that to use commonplace Overhead Message treatment technology be to utilize the mode of overhead bus to realize Overhead Message transmission between Overhead Message extraction/insertion unit and the Overhead Message analysis and processing unit.As follows:
With reference to Fig. 1, this figure is that Overhead Message extracts the process schematic diagram of handling in the prior art; On the circuit veneer of each equipment, all be provided with Overhead Message extraction unit functional module 10 shown in the figure, after receiving the next fiber-optic signal of transmission line transmission, 10 pairs of fiber-optic signals of Overhead Message extraction unit on the circuit veneer extract the Overhead Message operation, fiber-optic signal on the general transmission line mainly is made up of service message and Overhead Message, so Overhead Message extraction unit 10 is sent to the Overhead Message analysis and processing unit with the Overhead Message that extracts by overhead bus, and the service message that will extract Overhead Message is transferred in the service message processing unit by service bus and handles.
With reference to Fig. 2, this figure is that Overhead Message inserts the process schematic diagram of handling in the prior art; On the circuit veneer of each equipment, also be provided with Overhead Message shown in the figure simultaneously and insert Elementary Function module 20, wherein the Overhead Message on the circuit veneer inserts unit 20 and is used for the service message that Overhead Message that the Overhead Message analysis and processing unit is sent and service message processing unit send and merges processing, be about in the respective byte that Overhead Message is inserted into service message and service message sends on the optical fiber transmission line after making up together.
With reference to Fig. 3, this figure is the main process schematic diagram that the inner Overhead Message of communication equipment is handled in the prior art; Wherein at the SDH/SONET signal receiving end, system utilizes the Overhead Message extraction unit 10 on the circuit veneer 1 to separate Overhead Message and Business Stream to received signal, then the Overhead Message that separates is utilized time division multiplexing (TDM, Time Division Multiplexing) technology, send by overhead bus (overhead bus be parallel bus or for universal serial bus), overhead bus passes to be delivered to the Overhead Message analysis and processing unit 30 that is specifically designed to overhead processing that is provided with in the expense veneer 2 with Overhead Message behind the backboard 3 and focuses on.
And at the SDH/SONET signal sending end, after Overhead Message after system handles Overhead Message analysis and processing unit in the expense veneer 2 30 utilizes the TDM technology multiplexing, send by overhead bus, overhead bus passes the Overhead Message of Overhead Message being delivered on the circuit veneer 1 behind the backboard 3 and inserts unit 20, and Overhead Message inserts and is sent to the transmitting terminal transmission unit 20 merges the Overhead Message that receives with Business Stream after.
With reference to Fig. 4, this figure is the Overhead Message processing procedure schematic diagram that has polylith circuit veneer in the prior art; All be provided with Overhead Message extraction unit and Overhead Message among the figure on circuit veneer 1, the circuit veneer 2...... circuit veneer n and insert the unit, the Overhead Message that the Overhead Message extraction unit on each circuit veneer will extract in received signal passes by overhead bus and is transferred to Overhead Message analysis and processing unit 30 behind the backboard 3 and focuses on; While Overhead Message analysis and processing unit 30 is passed the Overhead Message insertion unit that is transferred on each circuit veneer behind the backboard 3 with Overhead Message by overhead bus respectively and is carried out Overhead Message insertion processing.
In sum, utilize the Overhead Message processing mode of prior art can have following drawback:
1) overhead bus connects each circuit veneer and Overhead Message analysis and processing unit by backboard, so when having polylith circuit veneer, will there be a large amount of overhead bus, cause backboard wiring pressure excessive, the wiring density and the number of plies of backboard have also been increased, thereby increased the cost of system, also made the transmission signals quality be subjected to negative effect simultaneously;
2) in the Overhead Message analysis and processing unit, to have a large amount of to be respectively applied for the extraction unit that extracts Overhead Message from each overhead bus, if at the inner extraction unit that uses hardware mode that corresponding each overhead bus is set of Overhead Message analysis and processing unit, then each extraction unit is separate, can't share, therefore cause the increase of system cost.
3) can't directly transmit Overhead Message between two circuit veneers, must operate through the analyzing and processing of Overhead Message analysis and processing unit, thereby make the system applies underaction, this point has apparent in view shortcoming in the loop multiplexing section protection.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to propose a kind of Overhead Message processing unit and processing method thereof, to alleviate the cloth linear pressure of backboard, the flexibility that improves the Overhead Message processing procedure simultaneously, and the cost of reduction Overhead Message processing unit.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention proposes a kind of Overhead Message processing unit, be used for making every circuit veneer of communication equipment respectively the Overhead Message in the optical fiber telecommunications system to be handled, connect by communication bus between the described circuit veneer, comprising:
The expense resolution unit, the Overhead Message that overhead byte carried that is used for synchronous transfer module signal that optical transmission line is sent carries out protocal analysis respectively to be handled, to obtain oam information;
The data encapsulation unit is connected with communication bus with described expense resolution unit respectively, is used for oam information is encapsulated into Frame sends to described device interior by communication bus corresponding function entity; With
The data decapsulation unit is connected with communication bus, is used for parsing at the Frame that communication bus is sent the oam feedback information by described device interior corresponding function entity generation of encapsulation;
The expense generation unit, be connected with described data decapsulation unit, be used for the oam feedback information is carried out being encapsulated into respectively after protocal analysis is handled the corresponding overhead byte of synchronous transfer module signal, produce the synchronous transfer module signal that carries new Overhead Message and send to optical transmission line.
Described device also comprises:
The uplink communication physical interface, described data encapsulation unit is connected with communication bus by this uplink communication physical interface, is used for that data frame signal is converted to the signal that is adapted at transmitting on the communication bus and sends to communication bus; With
Downlink communication physical interface, described data decapsulation unit are connected with communication bus by this downlink communication physical interface, are used for the data frame signal that communication bus is sent is converted to being adapted at the signal that transmits on the circuit veneer.
Wherein said data encapsulation unit further comprises:
Datagram forms the unit, is connected with described expense resolution unit, is used for oam information is added priority tag and source physical address, to form datagram;
The Frame encapsulation unit, forming the unit with described datagram respectively is connected with the uplink communication physical interface, the datagram that is used for forming is encapsulated into the data frame structure of the groove position physical address that includes corresponding function entity place, forms Frame and sends to the processing of uplink communication physical interface.
Wherein said data decapsulation unit further comprises:
Frame deblocking unit is connected with described downlink communication physical interface, and the Frame that is used for sending at the downlink communication physical interface extracts the datagram of the oam feedback information, source physical address and the priority tag that include each functional entity generation;
The datagram resolution unit is connected with the expense generation unit with described Frame deblocking unit respectively, is used for the datagram of extracting is carried out dissection process, and the oam feedback information that parses is sent to the processing of expense generation unit.
Wherein said expense resolution unit and expense generation unit further comprise:
The public affair processing module is used for Overhead Message that E1 byte, E2 byte, F1 byte and F2 byte to the synchronous transfer module signal carried and carries out protocal analysis and handle;
The multiplex section protection processing module is used for that the Overhead Message that the K1 byte and the K2 byte of synchronous transfer module signal are carried is carried out protocal analysis and handles;
The data communication channel processing module is used for that the Overhead Message that the D1 byte of synchronous transfer module signal is carried to the D12 byte is carried out protocal analysis and handles;
The Synchronization Status Message processing module is used for the Overhead Message that S1 byte carried of synchronous transfer module signal is carried out the protocal analysis processing;
The alarm performance processing module is used for Overhead Message that B1 byte, B2 byte, B3 byte, M1 byte, G1 byte and N1 byte to the synchronous transfer module signal carried and carries out protocal analysis and handle;
The adaptation processing module is used for Overhead Message that J0 byte, j1 byte and C2 byte to the synchronous transfer module signal carried and carries out protocal analysis and handle.
Accordingly, the invention allows for a kind of Overhead Message processing method, be used for making every circuit veneer of communication equipment respectively the Overhead Message in the optical fiber telecommunications system to be handled, connect by communication bus between the described circuit veneer, comprising:
Up overhead processing step
The Overhead Message that overhead byte carried in the synchronous transfer module signal that-source circuit veneer is sent optical transmission line carries out protocal analysis to be handled, to obtain oam information; And
Oam information is encapsulated into the corresponding function entity that sends to described device interior in the Frame by communication bus;
Descending overhead processing step
-purpose circuit veneer extracts the oam feedback information by the corresponding function entity generation of described device interior in the Frame that communication bus is sent; And
The oam feedback information is carried out being encapsulated in the corresponding overhead byte of synchronous transfer module signal after protocal analysis is handled, produce the STM signal that carries new Overhead Message and send to optical transmission line.
Wherein said Frame is sent to also comprises step before the communication bus:
-data frame signal is converted to the signal that is adapted at transmitting on the communication bus;
Wherein said purpose circuit veneer receives and also comprises step behind the Frame that communication bus sends:
-data frame signal is converted to is adapted at the signal that transmits on the circuit veneer.
The wherein said process that oam information is encapsulated in the Frame further comprises:
-oam information is encapsulated in the datagram of the groove position physical address information that includes priority tag and circuit veneer place, source;
-described datagram is encapsulated in the data frame format of the groove position physical address information that includes corresponding function entity place, form described Frame.
The wherein said process of extracting the oam feedback information from Frame further comprises:
-in the Frame that communication bus is sent, extract the datagram of the groove position physical address information at the corresponding function entity place include oam feedback information, priority tag and transmission feedback information;
-extraction oam feedback information in the datagram that obtains.
The process of the Frame that wherein said purpose circuit veneer received communication bus is sent also comprises step: purpose circuit veneer judges that whether the target physical address that comprises in the receiving data frames is the groove position physical address at self place; If continue follow-up and extract processing; Otherwise abandon Frame.
Overhead Message processing unit of the present invention and processing method thereof can reach following beneficial effect:
(1) Overhead Message that respectively self is received by every circuit veneer extracts with protocal analysis and handles, needn't be transferred to the Overhead Message analysis and processing unit by backboard respectively again and carry out the centralized Analysis processing, therefore reduced the cloth linear pressure of backboard, guarantee signal transmission quality, saved the cost of Overhead Message treatment system simultaneously;
(2) can directly transmit Overhead Message between any two circuit veneers, thereby improve the flexibility of Overhead Message treatment system, in loop multiplexing section protection configuration, needn't be subjected to the restriction of antithesis veneer.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that Overhead Message extracts the process schematic diagram of handling in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is that Overhead Message inserts the process schematic diagram of handling in the prior art;
Fig. 3 is the main process schematic diagram that the inner Overhead Message of communication equipment is handled in the prior art;
Fig. 4 is the Overhead Message processing procedure schematic diagram that has polylith circuit veneer in the prior art;
Fig. 5 is that Overhead Message processing unit of the present invention and processing method thereof adopt the process schematic diagram that respectively Overhead Message that overhead byte carried in the STM signal is carried out the protocal analysis processing by every in communication equipment circuit veneer;
Fig. 6 is that structural representation is formed in the major function unit of Overhead Message processing unit of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is that the concrete enforcement structure of Overhead Message processing unit of the present invention is formed schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is that the simple signal structure of STM-1 signal is formed schematic diagram;
Fig. 9 is the flow chart of in the Overhead Message processing method of the present invention up Overhead Message being handled;
Figure 10 is the flow chart of in the Overhead Message processing method of the present invention descending Overhead Message being handled.
Embodiment
Overhead Message processing unit of the present invention and processing method thereof are used for handling the synchronous transfer module (STM that optical fiber telecommunications system transmits, Synchronous Transport Module) Overhead Message that overhead byte carried in the signal carries out OAM information to finish between the distinct device alternately.And implementation is to adopt by every in communication equipment circuit veneer respectively the Overhead Message that overhead byte carried in the STM signal to be carried out the protocal analysis processing, extract Overhead Message in the STM signal respectively and no longer adopt in the prior art by every circuit veneer, finally send to the Overhead Message analysis and processing unit again and focus on, the last respectively Overhead Message after the analyzing and processing being inserted into by every circuit veneer again sends to optical fiber transmission line in the STM signal and gets on.
With reference to Fig. 5, Overhead Message processing unit of the present invention and processing method thereof adopt that respectively the Overhead Message that overhead byte carried in the STM signal to be carried out the process that protocal analysis handles by every in communication equipment circuit veneer mainly as follows:
Each circuit veneer (circuit veneer 1 of receiver side in the communication equipment, circuit veneer 2...... circuit veneer n) in plate, directly the Overhead Message in the STM signal flow is carried out analyzing and processing (being handled by overhead processing unit 200), its analyzing and processing process is carried out according to the analysis protocol of regulation in G.707 advising, and then the OAM information that obtains after the analyzing and processing carried out encapsulation process (being handled by data processing unit 100), in the information encapsulation process, add information source address and information destination address, then the Frame after the encapsulation process is sent by sharing formula communication between plates bus 300, after the All other routes veneer is received the Frame of sending on the communication bus, parse addresses information, and judge whether the Frame that receives into this plate needs according to address information, if not the Frame that this plate will receive, then abandon and do not process; And if judgement is the Frame of the required reception of this plate, then receive this Frame, carry out decapsulation, obtain OAM feedback information (handling) wherein by data processing unit 100, and the OAM feedback information is carried out being encapsulated into after protocal analysis is handled in the respective byte of STM signal (handling by overhead processing unit 200), send to the light mouth and send on the optical fiber transmission line after handling.It is more flexible that thereby this overhead processing mode is implemented, and can reduce the cloth linear pressure of communication equipment dorsulum.
With reference to Fig. 6, this figure is that structural representation is formed in the major function unit of Overhead Message processing unit of the present invention; Wherein in communication equipment, include polylith circuit veneer, communication bus by device interior between every circuit veneer connects, then on every circuit veneer, all comprise up optical line interface cell S 110, expense resolution unit S120, data encapsulation cell S 130, uplink communication physical interface (PI, PhysicalInterface) S140, downlink communication physical interface S150, data decapsulation unit S160, expense generation unit S170 and downstream optical interface unit S180, the effect of each functional unit and contact relation thereof are as follows:
Up optical line interface cell S 110 is connected with optical transmission line, is used to receive the light signal (STM signal) that optical transmission line transmits, and the STM light signal that receives is carried out opto-electronic conversion and serial to parallel conversion;
Expense resolution unit S120, be connected with up optical line interface cell S 110, being used for the Overhead Message that overhead byte carried to the STM signal behind up optical line interface cell S 110 serial to parallel conversion carries out protocal analysis and handles (wherein the process that Overhead Message that overhead byte carries is carried out analyzing and processing adopts the standard operation of G.707 advising), because Overhead Message promptly is the OAM data in the optical fiber telecommunications system, so can obtain OAM information by analyzing Overhead Message;
Data encapsulation cell S 130, S120 is connected with the expense resolution unit, and the OAM information that is used for obtaining after handling through expense resolution unit S120 protocal analysis is encapsulated into Frame;
Uplink communication PI S140, be connected with communication bus 300 with data encapsulation cell S 130 respectively, send to communication bus 300 after being used for being converted to the signal form that is adapted at transmission on the communication bus 300 by the Frame that data encapsulation cell S 130 generates, the Frame that will be packaged with OAM information by communication bus 300 sends to the corresponding function entity in the communication equipment then; If certainly the signal form that transmits on communication bus 300 and the circuit veneer is the same, then this uplink communication PI S140 can omit, and then upstream data processing unit S130 directly is connected with communication bus 300;
Downlink communication PI S150, be connected with communication bus 300, be used for the data frame signal (this Frame encapsulated information is mainly the OAM feedback information that each functional entity generated in the communication equipment) that received communication bus 300 is sent, and data frame signal is converted to is adapted at the signal form that transmits on the circuit veneer; If in like manner the signal form that transmits on communication bus 300 and the circuit veneer is the same, then this downlink communication PI S150 can omit, and then follow-up downlink data processing unit S160 directly is connected with communication bus 300;
Data decapsulation unit S160 is connected with downlink communication PI S150, is used to receive the Frame after downlink communication PIS150 handles, and extracts the OAM feedback information by each functional entity generation of encapsulation in the Frame that receives;
Expense generation unit S170, S160 is connected with the data decapsulation unit, be used for the STM feedback information that extracts is carried out being encapsulated into after protocal analysis is handled the corresponding byte of STM signal, carry the STM signal (in like manner the OAM information that will carry the STM signal overhead byte process of carrying out analyzing and processing adopts the G.707 standard operation of suggestion) of new Overhead Message with generation, because Overhead Message promptly is the OAM data in the optical fiber telecommunications system, so can the maintenance management data to telecommunication equipment be set by analyzing Overhead Message;
Downstream optical interface unit S180, be connected with optical transmission line with expense generation unit S170 respectively, be used for the STM signal that carries new Overhead Message after handling through expense generation unit S170 protocal analysis is carried out sending to optical transmission line after parallel serial conversion and the electric light conversion.
Wherein up optical line interface cell S 110 further comprises up-link physical interface (SPI, System Physical Interface) S112 and decides frame unit S114; Data encapsulation cell S 130 comprises further that again datagram forms cell S 132 and Frame encapsulation unit S134; Data decapsulation unit S160 further comprises Frame deblocking cell S 162 and datagram resolution unit S164 again; Downstream optical interface unit S180 further comprises framing cell S 182 and downlink system physical interface S184 again, as shown in Figure 7.Below in conjunction with Fig. 7 the specific implementation process of Overhead Message processing unit of the present invention is described in further detail, the Overhead Message processing unit among this figure mainly comprises:
Up SPI S112 is connected with optical transmission line, is used to receive the STM light signal that optical transmission line transmits, and the STM light signal that receives is carried out opto-electronic conversion; Wherein up SPI S112 mainly receives the STM-N signal that transmits from fibre circuit, and the STM-N signal is carried out opto-electronic conversion, to produce the STM-N signal of telecommunication.
Decide frame unit S114, be connected with up SPI S112, be used for the STM-N signal of telecommunication after the up SPI S112 opto-electronic conversion processing is carried out serial to parallel conversion, wherein deciding frame unit S114 can position the frame signal of the serial signal form of the STM-N signal of telecommunication, the search byte is the byte location of F628, is the parallel signal in cycle to produce with 125us.
Expense resolution unit S120, with decide frame unit S114 and be connected, be used for the Overhead Message that overhead byte carried to the STM-N signal after deciding frame unit S114 serial to parallel conversion and carry out protocal analysis and handle (wherein Overhead Message that overhead byte carries is carried out the process that protocal analysis handles and adopt the standard operation of G.707 advising).
Because the STM-N signal is the signal of sync byte structure, decide to produce parallel signal after frame is handled by deciding frame unit S114, promptly can determine the definite position of each overhead byte in the STM-N signal according to parallel signal, and then carry out protocal analysis according to the Overhead Message that configuration is in advance carried each byte and handle, wherein the protocal analysis processing procedure of Overhead Message both can be finished by hardware, also can finish by software, generally finish by hardware module for the strict protocal analysis of real-time, and real-time requires not too strict protocal analysis to be finished by software, to reduce cost.
With reference to Fig. 8, this figure is that the simple signal structure of STM-1 signal is formed schematic diagram; International Telecommunications Union has made regulation to the frame structure of STM-1 signal in G.707 ITU-T advises.Regulation STM-1 signal frame is made of the data block of 9 row, 270 row, transmits successively by lining up serial code stream by order left-to-right, from top to bottom during transmission, and the frame period is 125 μ s.Wherein first row comprises 9 overhead bytes and 261 bytes of payload (shade parts among the figure).The overhead byte zone is divided into section overhead district (SOH, Section again
Overhead) and Administrative Unit Pointer district (AU-PTR:Administrative Unit-Pointer).Section overhead SOH district mainly comprises the information such as configuration, operation and management of frame.Administrative Unit Pointer district AU-PTR is used to refer to the actual start point of data in payload section.Payload section mainly comprises the data of data channel and low order signal at the path overhead that is added when higher order signal is multiplexing.
Following table is the frame structure of STM-1 signal:
Wherein first row all bytes except that the byte J14 on the right side are scrambler byte not;
All X bytes are reserve bytes;
All bytes of the right side one row are path overhead POH byte;
Wherein preceding 9 all bytes of row in the 1st, 2,3 row are RSOH (RSOH, RegeneratorSection Overhead) byte;
Preceding 9 all bytes of row in the 4th row are Administrative Unit Pointer AU-PTR byte;
5th, preceding 9 all bytes of row in 6,7,8,9 row are MSOH (MSOH, MultiplexSection Overhead) byte.
Wherein mainly comprise among expense resolution unit S120 and the expense generation unit S170:
The public affair processing module is used for Overhead Message that E1 byte, E2 byte, F1 byte and F2 byte to the STM-1 signal carried and carries out protocal analysis and handle, to produce corresponding OAM information; Wherein the Overhead Message of E1 byte carrying is used for regenerator section public affair interconnection, and a 64kbit/s path can be provided; The Overhead Message of E2 byte carrying is used for multiplex section public affair interconnection, and a 64kbit/s path can be provided; The Overhead Message of F1 byte carrying provides a 64kbit/s path for the network operator, for the special maintenance purpose provides historical data/speech path; The Overhead Message of F2 byte carrying provides communication path between the channel unit for the user;
Multiplex section protection (MSP, Multiplex Section Protection) processing module is used for that the Overhead Message that the K1 byte and the K2 byte of STM-1 signal are carried is carried out protocal analysis and handles, to produce corresponding OAM information; The MSP processing module is used for the multiplex section protection exchanging signaling, wherein G.783 the arrangement of each bit and Bit-Oriented Protocol are being stipulated in the suggestion: the Overhead Message of the 1st to the 4th bit (B1-B4) carrying in the K1 byte is used to indicate the reason of switching request, the Overhead Message of the 5th to the 8th bit (B5-B8) in K1 byte carrying is used to indicate the work system sequence number that proposes switching request, and the Overhead Message of the 1st to the 5th bit (B1-B5) carrying in the K2 byte is used in reference to and shows that multiplex section place back-up system switches the work system sequence number that switch is bridged to;
Data communication channel (DCC, Data Communication Channel) processing module is used for that the Overhead Message that the D1 byte of STM-1 signal is carried to the D12 byte is carried out protocal analysis and handles, to produce corresponding OAM information; D1 byte wherein, operation, the maintenance and management information that regenerator section transmits regenerator, the DCC path that can provide speed to reach 192kbit/s are provided the Overhead Message of D2 byte and the carrying of D3 byte; Operation, the maintenance and management information that multiplex section transmits regenerator, the DCC path that can provide speed to reach 576kbit/s are provided the Overhead Message that the D4-D12 byte is carried;
Synchronization Status Message (SSM, Synchronization status message) processing module is used for the Overhead Message that S1 byte carried of STM-1 signal is carried out the protocal analysis processing, to produce corresponding OAM information; Wherein the Overhead Message that S1 byte carried is used to transmit Synchronization Status Message SSM;
The alarm performance processing module is used for Overhead Message that B1 byte, B2 byte, B3 byte, M1 byte, G1 byte and N1 byte to the STM-1 signal carried and carries out protocal analysis and handle, to produce corresponding OAM information; Wherein the Overhead Message of B1 byte carrying is used for the regenerator section bit error monitoring, uses 8 bits to do odd even (BIP) verification, is BIP-8; The Overhead Message of B2 byte carrying is used for the multiplex section error monitoring, use 3 B2 bytes totally 24 bits do odd even (BIP) verification, be BIP-24.The Overhead Message of M1 byte carrying is used for the detected error message passback of multiplex section far-end; The Overhead Message of B3 byte carrying is used for the higher order path error monitoring, uses 8 bits to do odd even (BIP) verification, is BIP-8; The Overhead Message of G1 byte carrying is used for the source end that destination passes back to detected channel status and performance in passage; The Overhead Message of N1 byte carrying is used for the measuring ability that is connected in series of higher order path.
The adaptation processing module is used for Overhead Message that J0 byte, j1 byte and C2 byte to the STM-1 signal carried and carries out protocal analysis and handle, to produce corresponding OAM information; Wherein the Overhead Message of J0 byte carrying is the identifier of regenerator section access point, is used to repeat to send a sign of representing certain section access point, thereby makes receiving terminal can confirm whether the transmitting terminal of own with predetermined section is keeping being connected; The Overhead Message of J14 byte carrying is used to repeat to send the higher order path Access point identifier, and the Overhead Message that receiving terminal utilizes j1 byte to carry determines whether own with predetermined transmitting terminal is keeping being connected; The Overhead Message that the C2 byte is carried is used for the professional component type of indicating virtual container to load.
Here advise the K1 byte, the K2 byte, the E1 byte, the protocal analysis of E2 byte and F1 byte is handled and is finished by hardware module, the protocal analysis of other bytes is handled then finished by software module.
Datagram forms cell S 132, and S120 is connected with the expense resolution unit, is used for the OAM information that obtains after being handled by expense resolution unit S120 protocal analysis is added priority tag and source physical address information, to form datagram; Newly-generated datagram, the real-time that will be comprised Overhead Message according to it requires the mark priority level, and concrete regulation sees the following form, but is not limited to following table.
| Overhead byte | The real-time requirement | Priority level | |
| K1， | High | 1 | |
| E1，E2，F1，F2 | In | 2 | |
| D1-D12 | In | 3 | |
| Other | Low | 4 |
Priority level is divided into 4 grades, and 1 grade the highest, is followed successively by 2,3,4 grades.The sequencing that priority level sends the specified data newspaper.
Wherein sending rule is:
The datagram that priority level is high can be seized the low datagram position of priority level and preferentially send;
The datagram of grade that All factors being equal, preference will be give to sends in order.
Simultaneously, the groove position physical address with local line veneer place marks in the datagram of this generation as source physical address.Then the datagram format of Xing Chenging sees the following form:
| Source address (8bit) | Priority level (2bit) | Data message (length is not limit) |
At last, the datagram of formation is made up of OAM information, priority level and source physical address (forming the groove position physical address at the circuit veneer place of this datagram) 3 parts.
Frame encapsulation unit S134 forms cell S 132 with datagram and is connected, and the datagram that is used for forming is encapsulated into data frame structure; Here preferred High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC, High-level datalink control) agreement is carried out the Frame encapsulation, but is not limited thereto agreement, for example can also select for use Ethernet agreement or mailbox agreement etc. to finish the encapsulation of Frame.
Because High level data link control HDLC is bit-oriented LCP, it is by realize the monitoring to link with represented order of certain bit combination and response.HDLC has following characteristics:
1, transparent transmission: the transmission information bit structure is not had any restriction, and information can be character code collection and Bit String arbitrarily arbitrarily, comprises that 8bits is the character string that unit forms;
2, reliability height: in all frames, all adopt cyclic redundancy check (CRC), and information frame is numbered in order, send out and heavily receive with the leakage that prevents the information code group;
3, efficiency of transmission height: needn't wait until in communication that the other side just replys can send next frame, can transmit continuously, and can carry out two-way simultaneous communication;
4, have great flexibility: transmission control separates with processing capacity, uses very extensive;
Based on the above-mentioned advantage of HDLC, therefore preferably use the HDLC agreement datagram to be packaged into the HDLC form of data frames of standard here.
Wherein the frame structure of HDLC is as shown below:
The frame format of last figure HDLC is made up of flag sequence, address field, control field, information field and Frame Check Sequence field;
The content of encapsulation is in the processing method of Overhead Message of the present invention and the processing unit specified address field A thereof: the groove position physical address at each functional entity in equipment (comprising the circuit veneer) place, with this physical address as the address in the HDLC frame format.When sending signal as this circuit veneer like this, source address is the groove position physical address at this circuit veneer place, and destination address is the groove position physical address at the functional entity place that OAM information will send to.Relevant address field A is exemplified below:
| Groove position physical address | The |
| 1 | |
| 2 | 0x02 |
| 3 | 0x03 |
| 4 | 0x04 |
| ... | ... |
And the content that encapsulates among the information field I of the HDLC Frame after the encapsulation is OAM information and priority tag in the above-mentioned formed datagram.And all adopt HDLC criteria field content to encapsulate in other fields of HDLC Frame (as flag sequence, control field and Frame Check Sequence field) after the encapsulation.
Uplink communication physical interface S140, be connected with communication bus 300 with Frame encapsulation unit S134 respectively, send to communication bus 300 after being used for to be converted to the signal form that is adapted at transmission on the communication bus 300 by the HDLC Frame after the Frame encapsulation unit S134 encapsulation, send to function corresponding entity in the equipment by communication bus 300 again; Here advise that uplink communication PI S140 uses the RS-485 serial port protocol that the HDLC Frame is carried out signal conversion processes, because the RS-485 serial port protocol has following characteristics:
1) is the balanced differential interface;
2) support intercommunication mutually between multi-multipoint;
3) stand-7V is to the common mode disturbances of 12V;
4) can drive 32 loads;
Flank speed can reach 10Mbps when 5) transmission range was no more than 50Ft;
Maximum transmission distance can reach 4000Ft when 6) transmission rate was 100Kbps;
7) support full and half duplex communication, support the collision detection of shared bus;
8) use twisted-pair feeder transmission data, have stronger antijamming capability.
Just the processing unit of on the circuit veneer the up Overhead Message that is mail to communication bus by optical transmission line being handled is illustrated above; The processing unit that the descending Overhead Message that is mail to optical transmission line by communication bus is handled is described below again:
Downlink communication PI S150, be connected with communication bus 300, be used for the data frame signal that received communication bus 300 sends (the main encapsulation of this data frame signal be the OAM feedback information that each functional entity generated in the equipment), and data frame signal is converted to is adapted at the signal form that transmits on the circuit veneer; If above-mentioned uplink communication PI S140 uses the RS-485 serial port protocol, the corresponding RS-485 serial port protocol that also will use of downlink communication PI S150 is changed the data frame signal here, so that the data frame signal that receives is adapted at transmitting on the circuit veneer.
Frame deblocking cell S 162, S150 is connected with the downlink communication physical interface, and the Frame that is used for sending at downlink communication physical interface S150 extracts the datagram that includes OAM feedback information, source physical address information and priority tag; Wherein Frame deblocking cell S 162 judged at first whether the target physical address that encapsulates among the HDLC Frame address field A is the groove position physical address at this circuit veneer place before the Frame that reception downlink communication physical interface S150 sends, groove position physical address if not this circuit veneer place then abandons this Frame; Otherwise the HDLC data frame structure that receives is resolved, remove information such as target physical address information, control information and frame check, extract the datagram that includes OAM feedback information, priority tag and source physical address information, and the datagram of extracting is sent to follow-up datagram parsing module S164.
Datagram resolution unit S164, be connected with Frame deblocking cell S 162, be used for datagram that receiving data frames deblocking cell S 162 sends and it is carried out dissection process, and the OAM feedback information that is generated by the corresponding function entity that will parse sends to follow-up expense generation unit S170 and handles.Datagram resolution unit S164 mainly extracts the OAM feedback information that comprises in the datagram, and the information of extracting is sent to follow-up expense generation unit S170 successively according to the priority tag in the datagram.
Expense generation unit S170, the OAM feedback information that receives is carried out being encapsulated in the corresponding byte of STM signal after protocal analysis is handled, carry the STM signal (wherein the Overhead Message that will be encapsulated in the OAM feedback information in the corresponding overhead byte being carried out the same G.707 standard procedure of suggestion that adopts of protocal analysis processing) of new Overhead Message with generation.
Framing cell S 182, S170 is connected with the expense generation unit, is used for the STM signal that carries new Overhead Message after handling through expense generation unit S170 protocal analysis is carried out parallel serial conversion, to form the serial STM-N signal of telecommunication of framing.
System physical interface S184 is connected with optical transmission line with framing cell S 182 respectively, is used for that framing cell S 182 is handled the STM-N signal that generates and carries out the electric light conversion, to send to optical transmission line after the light signal form that generates the STM-N signal.
In fact as mentioned above, all should possess above-mentioned up Overhead Message processing unit and descending Overhead Message processing unit on the every circuit veneer in an equipment simultaneously, so that the Overhead Message after the interaction process mutually between the different circuit veneers.
Accordingly, the invention allows for a kind of Overhead Message processing method, with reference to Fig. 9, this figure is the flow chart of in the Overhead Message processing method of the present invention up Overhead Message being handled; Wherein up Overhead Message is meant the Overhead Message that is sent to communication bus by optical transmission line, and its processing procedure is as follows:
Step S10, source circuit veneer (will be defined as source circuit veneer from the circuit veneer that optical transmission line receives Overhead Message here) receives the STM-N light signal that optical transmission line is sent;
Step S20, source circuit veneer carries out opto-electronic conversion to the STM-N light signal that receives, to obtain the STM-N electrical signal form;
Step S30, source circuit veneer carries out frame alignment processing and serial to parallel conversion to the STM-N signal of telecommunication, obtains the parallel signal form of STM-N;
The Overhead Message that overhead byte carried in step S40, the source circuit veneer STM-N parallel signal after to conversion carries out protocal analysis and handles (wherein the protocal analysis processing procedure is based on G.707 suggestion), to obtain OAM information;
OAM signal after step S50, source circuit veneer handle protocal analysis is encapsulated in the normal data frame format and sends to communication bus, gives corresponding functional entity by transmission again; The process that OAM information after wherein protocal analysis being handled is encapsulated in the Frame is as follows:
OAM information after the protocal analysis processing is encapsulated into the datagram of the groove position physical address information that includes priority tag (being used for indicating the sending order of each datagram) and circuit veneer place, source;
Again the datagram that forms is encapsulated in the normal data frame format of the groove position physical address information that includes the functional entity place that OAM information will send to, forms normal data frame form, can on communication bus, transmitting; Wherein can adopt HDLC agreement, Ethernet agreement or mailbox agreement etc. respectively datagram to be packaged into the forms such as HDLC Frame, Ethernet Frame or mailbox data frame of standard, the frame format of these standards can both be transmitted on communication bus.
And if the signal that transmits on signal form that transmits on the circuit veneer and the communication bus is inconsistent, then the data frame signal after the encapsulation to be re-send on the communication bus after being converted to the signal form that is adapted at transmitting on the communication bus.
With reference to Figure 10, this figure is the flow chart of in the Overhead Message processing method of the present invention descending Overhead Message being handled; Wherein descending Overhead Message is meant the Overhead Message that is sent to optical transmission line by communication bus, and its processing procedure is as follows:
Step S60, the Frame that purpose circuit veneer (will be defined as purpose circuit veneer from the circuit veneer that communication bus receives Overhead Message here) received communication bus is sent; If in like manner the signal that transmits on signal form that transmits on the circuit veneer and the communication bus is inconsistent, then purpose circuit veneer will be to be adapted at the signal form that transmits on the circuit veneer with the receiving data frames conversion of signals.
Step S65, purpose circuit veneer judge that whether the target physical address information that comprises in the receiving data frames is the groove position physical address information at self place; If continue to carry out subsequent step S70; Otherwise execution in step S90 abandons Frame.
Step S70, purpose circuit veneer extract the OAM feedback information that is produced by the corresponding function entity from receiving data frames; Its process of extracting the OAM feedback information in receiving data frames is as follows:
In the Frame that communication bus is sent, extract the datagram that includes OAM feedback information, priority tag and source physical address information;
In the datagram that obtains, extract the OAM feedback information that produces by the corresponding function entity then.
Step S75, the OAM feedback information that purpose circuit veneer obtains extraction carries out protocal analysis and handles (wherein the protocal analysis processing procedure is based on G.707 suggestion), OAM feedback information after then protocal analysis being handled is encapsulated in the corresponding byte of STM signal, carries the STM signal of new Overhead Message with generation;
Step S80, purpose circuit veneer carry out framing to the STM signal that carries new Overhead Message to be handled and parallel serial conversion, to obtain the STM-N signal of serial;
Step S85, purpose circuit veneer carries out the electric light conversion process to the serial STM-N signal that obtains, and obtains STM-N light signal form, then the STM-N light signal is sent to optical transmission line.
Said process has realized that based on the circuit veneer Overhead Message directly being carried out protocal analysis handles; to finish the processing procedure of the Overhead Message in the optical fiber telecommunications system; make the processing of OAM message more succinct; and this Overhead Message processing mode can reduce the cloth linear pressure of optical communication equipment dorsulum; and the flexibility that has improved the Overhead Message processing procedure; particularly at configuration multiplex section protection (MSP; to no longer require coupled board location when Multiplex SectionProtection) professional, save the cost of system.
In the present invention above-mentioned Overhead Message processing unit and processing method thereof, every circuit veneer carries out to the Overhead Message that overhead byte carried in the STM-N signal that protocal analysis is handled or the OAM information that will be encapsulated into the corresponding overhead byte of STM signal is carried out protocal analysis when handling, all adopt the protocal analysis processing procedure (this processing procedure just repeats no more G.707 describing in the suggestion) of existing standard here.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of Overhead Message processing unit is used for making every circuit veneer of communication equipment respectively the Overhead Message in the optical fiber telecommunications system to be handled, and connects by communication bus between the described circuit veneer, it is characterized in that, comprising:
The expense resolution unit, the Overhead Message that overhead byte carried that is used for synchronous transfer module signal that optical transmission line is sent carries out protocal analysis respectively to be handled, to obtain oam information;
The data encapsulation unit is connected with communication bus with described expense resolution unit respectively, is used for oam information is encapsulated into Frame sends to described device interior by communication bus corresponding function entity; With
The data decapsulation unit is connected with communication bus, is used for parsing at the Frame that communication bus is sent the oam feedback information by described device interior corresponding function entity generation of encapsulation;
The expense generation unit, be connected with described data decapsulation unit, be used for the oam feedback information is carried out being encapsulated into respectively after protocal analysis is handled the corresponding overhead byte of synchronous transfer module signal, produce the synchronous transfer module signal that carries new Overhead Message and send to optical transmission line.
2, Overhead Message processing unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:
The uplink communication physical interface, described data encapsulation unit is connected with communication bus by this uplink communication physical interface, is used for that data frame signal is converted to the signal that is adapted at transmitting on the communication bus and sends to communication bus; With
Downlink communication physical interface, described data decapsulation unit are connected with communication bus by this downlink communication physical interface, are used for the data frame signal that communication bus is sent is converted to being adapted at the signal that transmits on the circuit veneer.
3, Overhead Message processing unit according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described data encapsulation unit further comprises:
Datagram forms the unit, is connected with described expense resolution unit, is used for oam information is added priority tag and source physical address, to form datagram;
The Frame encapsulation unit, forming the unit with described datagram respectively is connected with the uplink communication physical interface, the datagram that is used for forming is encapsulated into the data frame structure of the groove position physical address that includes corresponding function entity place, forms Frame and sends to the processing of uplink communication physical interface.
4, Overhead Message processing unit according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described data decapsulation unit further comprises:
Frame deblocking unit is connected with described downlink communication physical interface, and the Frame that is used for sending at the downlink communication physical interface extracts the datagram of the oam feedback information, source physical address and the priority tag that include each functional entity generation;
The datagram resolution unit is connected with the expense generation unit with described Frame deblocking unit respectively, is used for the datagram of extracting is carried out dissection process, and the oam feedback information that parses is sent to the processing of expense generation unit.
5, Overhead Message processing unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described expense resolution unit and expense generation unit further comprise:
The public affair processing module is used for Overhead Message that E1 byte, E2 byte, F1 byte and F2 byte to the synchronous transfer module signal carried and carries out protocal analysis and handle;
The multiplex section protection processing module is used for that the Overhead Message that the K1 byte and the K2 byte of synchronous transfer module signal are carried is carried out protocal analysis and handles;
The data communication channel processing module is used for that the Overhead Message that the D1 byte of synchronous transfer module signal is carried to the D12 byte is carried out protocal analysis and handles;
The Synchronization Status Message processing module is used for the Overhead Message that S1 byte carried of synchronous transfer module signal is carried out the protocal analysis processing;
The alarm performance processing module is used for Overhead Message that B1 byte, B2 byte, B3 byte, M1 byte, G1 byte and N1 byte to the synchronous transfer module signal carried and carries out protocal analysis and handle;
The adaptation processing module is used for Overhead Message that J0 byte, j1 byte and C2 byte to the synchronous transfer module signal carried and carries out protocal analysis and handle.
6, a kind of Overhead Message processing method is used for making every circuit veneer of communication equipment respectively the Overhead Message in the optical fiber telecommunications system to be handled, and connects by communication bus between the described circuit veneer, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Up overhead processing step
The Overhead Message that overhead byte carried in the synchronous transfer module signal that-source circuit veneer is sent optical transmission line carries out protocal analysis to be handled, to obtain oam information; And
Oam information is encapsulated into the corresponding function entity that sends to described device interior in the Frame by communication bus;
Descending overhead processing step
-purpose circuit veneer extracts the oam feedback information by the corresponding function entity generation of described device interior in the Frame that communication bus is sent; And
The oam feedback information is carried out being encapsulated in the corresponding overhead byte of synchronous transfer module signal after protocal analysis is handled, produce the STM signal that carries new Overhead Message and send to optical transmission line.
7, Overhead Message processing method according to claim 6 is characterized in that,
Described Frame is sent to also comprises step before the communication bus:
-data frame signal is converted to the signal that is adapted at transmitting on the communication bus;
Described purpose circuit veneer receives and also comprises step behind the Frame that communication bus sends:
-data frame signal is converted to is adapted at the signal that transmits on the circuit veneer.
8, Overhead Message processing method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the described process that oam information is encapsulated in the Frame further comprises:
-oam information is encapsulated in the datagram of the groove position physical address information that includes priority tag and circuit veneer place, source;
-described datagram is encapsulated in the data frame format of the groove position physical address information that includes corresponding function entity place, form described Frame.
9, Overhead Message processing method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the described process of extracting the oam feedback information from Frame further comprises:
-in the Frame that communication bus is sent, extract the datagram of the groove position physical address information at the corresponding function entity place include oam feedback information, priority tag and transmission feedback information;
-extraction oam feedback information in the datagram that obtains.
10, Overhead Message processing method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the process of the Frame that described purpose circuit veneer received communication bus is sent also comprises step:
Purpose circuit veneer judges that whether the target physical address that comprises in the receiving data frames is the groove position physical address at self place; If continue follow-up and extract processing; Otherwise abandon Frame.
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| CN101145872B (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2011-07-13 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Consumption processing method for optical synchronization digital transmission device |
| CN101447975B (en) * | 2007-11-26 | 2013-12-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method for processing Ethernet physical layer OAM overhead and device thereof |
| CN101453289B (en) * | 2007-11-29 | 2011-12-07 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Channel overhead processing equipment for optical synchronous digital transmission system |
| CN101184036B (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2012-04-25 | 上海华为技术有限公司 | Port multiplexing method and device, veneer |
| CN101834686B (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2014-11-05 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and system for synchronizing comprehensive communication channel work mode |
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| 程控交换机中光接口的设计. 汪瑾.世界电子元器件，第3期. 2004 |
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