CN100493800C - Method for producing surface compound billet of cutter by horizontal electro-slag overlaying - Google Patents
Method for producing surface compound billet of cutter by horizontal electro-slag overlaying Download PDFInfo
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- CN100493800C CN100493800C CNB2004100527938A CN200410052793A CN100493800C CN 100493800 C CN100493800 C CN 100493800C CN B2004100527938 A CNB2004100527938 A CN B2004100527938A CN 200410052793 A CN200410052793 A CN 200410052793A CN 100493800 C CN100493800 C CN 100493800C
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Abstract
The preparation method for cutter surface complex billet in this invention belongs to level electro-slag surfacing technique. It has been used to renewing and repairing for crank axle, roller and mould of waste and old, but the complex steel used to cutter requires large overlay welding area, clear interface, even thickness and high adhesion. In this invention, put lowcarbon steel body on workbench horizontally with surface needed overlay welding upside; form one mould cavity by three composite mould plates, a fixed mould plate and part of steel body; the three composite mould plates links workbench to form mobile integer and translate with workbench synchronously; Use highcarbon blade steel as electrode that can cascade with multiple heads; dissolve the electro-slag power into liquid and decant cavity; the electrode fuses into metal liquid and is overlay welding evenly and continually on the steel body by adjust device; translate the workbench and expand the overlay welding layer to prepare two or multiple layers cutter billet with surface composite, then process to complex strip steel, flat material and plate material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the electroslag metallurgy technology, particularly relate to the ESW technology.
Background technology
Make bimetal at present both at home and abroad following several production method is arranged: the one, explosive forming method, the 2nd, roll-bonding method, the 3rd, composite casting method.The explosive forming method is mainly used in military project and national Important Project project, and cost is high.The problem that roll-bonding method exists is that compression ratio is little, and is bonding not ideal enough, and surface treatment requires high, and lumber recovery is low.The bonding quality of composite casting method and cost are all still desirable, but it is different because of the percentage elongation of different metal when the hot-working to surperficial clad steel ingot and steel billet, transition zone is easy to separate, the equipment easy break-down, and these three kinds of methods especially the first two kind are unsuitable for the production that cutter is cut surface recombination steel in the industry.The ESW method is existing in the prior art to be applied to waste and old bent axle, and the renovation reparation of workpiece such as roll and module can make it to reach fully the result of use of new product, makes bimetal precedent is not arranged as yet but use the ESW method.Have a name to be called the Chinese invention patent application of " process of electricity consumption slag muck welding technology renovating old forging die ", it reaches goal of the invention by following technology.Play the weldering base plate and place on the workbench, old forging die is perpendicular having placed on the weldering base plate, constitutes a cavity by several water tanks and old forging die body, and plate is the cavity that the electrode lower end aligned needs built-up welding, and with the inner face maintenance certain clearance of cavity body in case short circuit.Put into the electroslag ground-slag that contains thermite in the cavity, plate moved down with ground-slag contact, make it fusing fast and form slag bath, plate fusing back forms deposited metal, utilize the auto-feeder of machine that plate is at the uniform velocity sent into slag bath, the metal liquid of built-up welding just constantly increases, and the ground-slag liquid level also rises thereupon, receive the feed rate of the plate that at the uniform velocity slows down when welding, the decay welding current is received weldering.
Can know that from above-mentioned technology put because old forging die is perpendicular, promptly needing the position of ESW in this method is a vertical plane.Like this, the rising of temperature in the weld deposit process thereupon, the increasing from bottom to top of the fusibility of old forging die overlaying surface, the metal that new built-up welding is got on also increases thereupon, therefore its interface after compound from bottom to top becomes an inclined-plane, that is to say its overlay cladding along the built-up welding direction by thin thickening, and need the position height of built-up welding high more, the thickness difference of its overlay cladding is just big more.This reparation problem for waste and old module is little, but then inapplicable for cutter is cut the required bimetal of industry.Because as the bimetal of cutter is compound by the bigger material of two kinds of performance differences, the purity that high-carbon alloy steel should be arranged has grinding and processability of low-carbon (LC) body steel again, and requires the interface of built-up welding clear to keep its sharp, hard characteristics, thickness is even, and bonding strength is high again.
The objective of the invention is to the steel billet, the steel that adopt the horizontal type level electroslag surfacing process to produce two layers or multilayer surface recombination, especially can realize the compound of the metal material that differs greatly, reach bonding good, lumber recovery is high, the cutting edge steel material is pure, technology is simple, cost is low, with satisfy every profession and trade particularly cutter scissors tool industry to the needs of bimetal more than two layers.
Summary of the invention
The present invention realizes like this.To need the metal covering of built-up welding to process and clear up before the electroslag earlier, and contain thermite in the electroslag ground-slag, electrode stretches into the electroslag cavity and keeps certain interval on every side with water mold, and the energising rear electrode forms built-up welding from melting metal liquid.The invention is characterized in that the electrode that adopts horizontal type level ESW technology that the cutting edge roundness steel is made becomes the metal liquid horizontal stack to be welded in by on the compound low-carbon (LC) body steel surface by electroslag remelting, and after keeping electroslag molten steel thickness is even in the horizontal direction.Specifically, being about to low-carbon (LC) body steel (2) needs one of built-up welding to face up on the workbench (1) that is positioned over water flowing; Its cross section of the electrode that the high-carbon cutting edge steel is made (3) is a rectangle, can be double end or bull parallel connection, is welded on the link plate (5), is installed on the chuck of welding machine again; Water mold is made up of three combined type water flowing templates (5), (6), (7) and fixedly water flowing template (8), the part of they and low-carbon (LC) body steel (3) forms a die cavity (9), three combined type water flowing templates (6), (7), (8) and workbench (1) are linked to be a movably integral body, can realize synchronous translation with workbench (1); Electrode (3) is sent into die cavity (9), slowly shift near to body steel (2) surface, the electroslag ground-slag is melt into liquid earlier and pours die cavity (9) again in skull melting furnace, charged electrode contacts the work of promptly switching on slag liquid, the heat of slag liquid carries out preheating to the body steel and its surface is melted, electrode (3) at the uniform velocity enters slag bath and melt surface by auto-feeder, and by the adjusting device that the computer control that is installed on the workbench moves horizontally guarantee metal bath surface that electrode (3) fusing back forms evenly constantly built-up welding on the surface of body steel (2); Continuous translation workbench (1), the molten steel that electrode is melt into constantly enters the die cavity of new formation, and the length of overlay cladding along continuous straight runs is constantly extended thereupon, receives weldering at last, thereby produces two layers of compound cutter steel billet.If change electrode material, the utilization said method carries out horizontal ESW once more, just can produce the MULTILAYER COMPOSITE cutter steel billet of different materials.
For the steel billet of need small size ESW, only need the area of die cavity (9) by required ESW fixedly come out, carry out ESW and needn't use move mode to produce in batches by above-mentioned step of manufacturing.
Use the steel billet that the present invention makes, can manufacture the band steel of the surface recombination of all size, the band steel of surface recombination and the sheet material of surface recombination through hot-working, cold machining process.The electrode that the high-carbon cutting edge steel is made can be three, is I-shaped and is welded on the gown plate (4).
The present invention has significant good effect:
1, overlaying surface is a bigger rectangular planes, its length can reach 600-2500mm, width: 100-200mm, and electroslag thickness is at 20-60mm, can satisfy metallurgy industry and realize the hot-strip of " one-heating forming " and the production of band steel, reduce production costs by a relatively large margin.
2, the surface recombination steel billet of producing, its interfacial adhesion rate is up to more than 98% after tested, and bonding quality is higher than the clad steel of blast, hot rolling, casting process production.The shear strength at its interface is under annealed condition〉370 newton/square millimeters.Two kinds of materials of high-carbon steel and mild steel are clear and legible.
3, processing technology is simple, and lumber recovery is up to more than 95%.
4, cost is lower, remarkable in economical benefits.Because of cutting edge steel weight only accounts for the 15-35% of whole clad steel weight, and the compound cost of electroslag only is the part of electroslag cutting edge steel.As general carbon and the compound mechanical bit steel billet of high-speed steel, the compound cost of electroslag hangs down 1/3rd than traditional hot rolling is compound, and lumber recovery improves 20%.
5, to carry out the metal material of surface recombination can be that the surface is compound entirely to required ESW, also different parts local compound.
6, be suitable for the compound of various materials.As general steel and high-speed tool steel, alloy tool steel, carbon tool steel compound, low-carbon (LC) ferrite, martensite, austenitic stainless steel and high carbon martensite are stainless compound.
7, cutting edge steel is after the electroslag remelting refining, and various field trashes greatly reduce, segregation-free, and dense structure, crystal grain is thin, has improved cutting edge steel material and comprehensive mechanical performance thereof comprehensively, has improved the use value of cutter.
8, can make surface recombination hot-strip, cold-strip steel, band steel, the sheet material of all size.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is that A-A of the present invention is to cutaway view;
Accompanying drawing 2 is vertical view of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 3 is an embodiment of the invention schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
With the Q235 straight carbon steel is that body steel and W18Crl4V1 or the compound band steel of W6MO5Cr4V2 high-speed tool steel surface recombination mechanical bit are example:
Needing the body steel dimensions of ESW to be illustrated in figure 3 as 70 X 140mm, also can process breach on one side by technological requirement, is trapezoidal as breach, and its upper base is 55mm, go to the bottom to be 50mm, and, height is 25mm.To keep flat through the body molten steel of processing cleaning and place on the workbench, be fixed the water flowing cooling by four water flowing templates.Wherein three water flowing templates can be made double end or three tip electrodes with the band steel of high-speed steel with the synchronous translation of workbench, and parallel connection slowly moves to body steel top, make electrode and keep certain distance all around.Put into the weldering of promptly switching on of electroslag liquid, along with electrode moves down, the high-speed steel molten steel that melts rises in die cavity gradually, slag liquid also rises thereupon, when the high speed molten steel reach a certain height and body steel plane near the time, utilize slowly mobile working platform of computerized control system, its speed and cutting edge steel electrode melting speed keep synchronously, the built-up welding molten steel continues built-up welding towards extending in the new die cavity that forms on one side, progressively finishes whole ESW processes along its length.Treat that molten steel shrinks, after the cooled and solidified, remove four water tanks, remove the residual layer of electroslag, and the electroslag composite steel billet is carried out slow cooling handle.Composite steel billet after the slow cooling through surface finish, is removed the residual and blemish of electroslag, carry out hot-working,, roll the back and send into heat-treatment furnace at once by high-speed steel heating and the rolling cutter composite surface of rolling mill practice requirement steel billet, carry out annealing in process, promptly made the cutter blank of mechanical bit high speed compound steel.
Claims (5)
1, horizontal ESW is produced the manufacture method of tool surface composite steel billet, to need the low-carbon (LC) body steel surface of built-up welding to process and clear up before the electroslag earlier, contain thermite in the electroslag ground-slag, water mold is by three combined type water flowing templates (5,6,7) reaching fixedly water flowing template (8) forms, the part of they and low-carbon (LC) body steel (2) forms an electroslag cavity (9), three combined type water flowing templates (5,6,7) and workbench (1) be linked to be one movably whole, can realize synchronous translation with workbench (1), electrode stretches into the electroslag cavity and keeps certain interval on every side with water mold, the energising rear electrode forms built-up welding from melting molten steel, electrode is at the uniform velocity sent into slag bath by auto-feeder, it is characterized in that: the electrode that adopts horizontal type level ESW technology that the cutting edge roundness steel is made becomes the molten steel horizontal stack to be welded in by on the compound low-carbon (LC) body steel surface by electroslag remelting, and after keeping electroslag molten steel thickness is even in the horizontal direction;
1. low-carbon (LC) body steel (2) needs one of built-up welding to face up to be placed horizontally on the workbench (1);
2. cutting edge roundness steel its cross section of electrode (3) of making is a rectangle, and electrode (3) is sent into electroslag cavity (9), shifts near to low-carbon (LC) body steel (2) surface;
3. the electroslag ground-slag is melt into liquid earlier and pours electroslag cavity (9) again in skull melting furnace, charged electrode contacts the work of promptly switching on slag liquid, electrode (3) at the uniform velocity enters slag bath and melt surface, and by move horizontally adjusting device guarantee electrode (3) melt metal bath surface that the back forms evenly constantly built-up welding on the surface of low-carbon (LC) body steel (2);
4. continuous translation workbench (1), the molten steel that electrode is melt into constantly enters the electroslag cavity of new formation, and the length of overlay cladding along continuous straight runs is constantly extended thereupon, receives weldering at last, thereby produces the compound cutter steel billet of two-layer surface.
2, the manufacture method of horizontal ESW production tool surface composite steel billet according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the replacing electrode material carries out horizontal ESW once more after producing the compound cutter steel billet of two-layer surface, produces the compound cutter steel billet of multiple-level surface of different materials.
3, the manufacture method of horizontal ESW production tool surface composite steel billet according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the low-carbon (LC) body steel that required ESW carries out surface recombination can be that the surface is compound entirely, also can be the local compound of different parts.
4, the manufacture method of horizontal ESW production tool surface composite steel billet according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the cutter steel billet that described two-layer surface is compound, process hot-working, cold machining process can manufacture band steel, band steel, the sheet material of the surface recombination of all size.
5, the manufacture method of horizontal ESW production tool surface composite steel billet according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the cutter steel billet that described multiple-level surface is compound can manufacture band steel, band steel, the sheet material of the surface recombination of all size through hot-working, cold machining process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100527938A CN100493800C (en) | 2004-07-13 | 2004-07-13 | Method for producing surface compound billet of cutter by horizontal electro-slag overlaying |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100527938A CN100493800C (en) | 2004-07-13 | 2004-07-13 | Method for producing surface compound billet of cutter by horizontal electro-slag overlaying |
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| CN1721117A CN1721117A (en) | 2006-01-18 |
| CN100493800C true CN100493800C (en) | 2009-06-03 |
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| CNB2004100527938A Expired - Fee Related CN100493800C (en) | 2004-07-13 | 2004-07-13 | Method for producing surface compound billet of cutter by horizontal electro-slag overlaying |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101607307B (en) * | 2009-07-08 | 2011-08-17 | 上海建杰国际贸易有限公司 | Manufacture method of stock of high alloy tool steel mechanical cutters and stock |
| CN102513519A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-06-27 | 上海泛屹复合钢有限公司 | Method for making composite steel by composite steel ingot casting and single-heating rolling |
| CN104372177B (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2016-09-28 | 东北大学 | A kind of large-scale alloy pig electroslag remelting tubular type consutrode and preparation method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3766354A (en) * | 1972-03-29 | 1973-10-16 | Great Canadian Oil Sands | Method of manufacturing laminated teeth for bucketwheel excavator using electroslag coating |
| US3922519A (en) * | 1973-06-19 | 1975-11-25 | Japan Steel Works Ltd | Method for a build-up welding of different metals |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3766354A (en) * | 1972-03-29 | 1973-10-16 | Great Canadian Oil Sands | Method of manufacturing laminated teeth for bucketwheel excavator using electroslag coating |
| US3922519A (en) * | 1973-06-19 | 1975-11-25 | Japan Steel Works Ltd | Method for a build-up welding of different metals |
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| CN1721117A (en) | 2006-01-18 |
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Effective date of registration: 20091225 Address after: 56, Lane 32, Jianguo West Road, Shanghai, China: 200020 Patentee after: Shanghai Jisi Compound Steel Technology Development Co., Ltd. Address before: 56, Lane 32, Jianguo West Road, Shanghai, China: 200020 Co-patentee before: Fanyi Composite Steel Co., Ltd., Shanghai Patentee before: Shanghai Chi Si Steel Technology Development Co., Ltd. |
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Granted publication date: 20090603 Termination date: 20120713 |