CN100492765C - Slot array antenna - Google Patents
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- CN100492765C CN100492765C CNB031274846A CN03127484A CN100492765C CN 100492765 C CN100492765 C CN 100492765C CN B031274846 A CNB031274846 A CN B031274846A CN 03127484 A CN03127484 A CN 03127484A CN 100492765 C CN100492765 C CN 100492765C
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Abstract
A slot array antenna comprises a slot array antenna main body (111) and a dielectric cover (116). The slot array antenna main body (111) has a slot plate (113). A main beam (115) having radiation directivity, extending in a direction inclined a tilt angle theta alone from a direction normal to a plane P1 of the slot plate (113) is set to the slot array antenna main body (111). The dielectric cover (116) has an inclination angle alpha formed by an outer plane P3 and an inner plane P4 and is comprised of a dielectric material having a refractive index n. The inner plane P4 of the dielectric cover (116) is provided so as to oppose to the slot plate (113) of the slot array antenna main body (111). Thus, the main beam (115) having the radiation directivity is transmitted through and refracted by the dielectric cover (116), so that the tilt angle theta is corrected to allow the main beam to extend in a direction orthogonal to the outer plane P3 of the dielectric cover (116).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly constitute and comprise a slot array (antenna) antenna with slit plate of a plurality of slots by a plurality of element antennas.
Background technology
Array antenna is a kind of antenna of arranging a plurality of element antennas and having the characteristic that individual antenna is difficult to obtain with predetermined pattern.Phase place to each element antenna of forming array antenna is controlled the directivity that can control whole array antenna.Therefore, array antenna can be used as the beam scanning antenna fully and use, and need not mechanical triggering array antenna body.
Obtained in wireless communication technology under the situation of significant development, for the frequency range that various communicator distributed not enough trend has appearred in recent years. for this is remedied, the exploitation of effectively using and transform to the required technology of upper frequency of frequency has been imperative. for example, the millimeter wave that in fact only was used for basic research in the past has been used in intelligent transmission system now and (ITS).As Japan, US and European, the communicator relevant with millimeter wave estimated to be used in the Automobile Associations, and will obtain flourish in the near future as household supplies.
In this millimetre-wave attenuator field, it is advised that the use of millimeter wave becomes indispensable for various parts and device. support that the device of a kind of most worthy of millimetre-wave attenuator is an antenna. and antenna is that to transmit and receive millimeter-wave signal necessary and be that millimetre-wave attenuator is indispensable. the whole world has participated in the research institution of research and development of millimetre-wave attenuator and manufacturer now all at competition ground exploitation high-performance millimeter wave antenna each other.The millimeter wave antenna of being developed existed very big difference in configuration aspects in the past.Wherein, the slot array (antenna) antenna is acknowledged as the very excellent millimeter wave antenna of performance.
As its name suggests, the slot array (antenna) antenna is a kind of therein with the array antenna of predetermined pattern layout as the slot aerial of element antenna.By determining each slot aerial size of component and layout, can in presumptive area, obtain desired Electric Field Distribution.For example, a plurality of slot aerials are arranged in the square area with two-dimensional approach, so that can obtain relating to the uniform electric field distribution of direction, phase place and amplitude.Such antenna in theory almost with have the aperture antenna that uniform electric field distributes and have identical radiation characteristic, but be better than this aperture antenna aspect the uniformity of the degrees of freedom of its structure and Electric Field Distribution.
Arrange that abreast the slot array (antenna) antenna can obtain one and blazon and two-dimentional slot array (antenna) antenna.Two-dimentional slot array (antenna) antenna (hereafter is " a slot array (antenna) antenna ") is is so researched and developed in individual other place. and introduced in as following document, this is by testing and turn out to be a high-gain aerial on principle.
" characteristic feature (PrototypeCharacteristics of Waveguide Slot Array Having 76.5GHz Low SidelobeLayer Structure) " (institute of electronics's society conference (Society Conference of theInstitute of Electronics) with waveguide slot array (antenna) of the low secondary lobe layer structure of 76.5GHz, information and communication enineer (Information andCommunication Engineers), in March, 2000, B-1-130).
When wanting to design a slot array (antenna) antenna, we know that common permission centre frequency has predetermined bandwidth.In other words, if the actual frequency of using drops in the predetermined scope, even it has departed from set centre frequency, if the radiation direction of antenna, impedance operator and reflection characteristic etc. can not worsen yet so. frequency drops in the preset range about centre frequency, so just can use this frequency. this frequency range (width) is called as " bandwidth ". usually, the bandwidth of this frequency is expanded widely more, and the value of antenna is just big more.Yet, spread bandwidth easily.
On the other hand, have predetermined angle, bandwidth can be expanded to a certain degree by the antenna pattern main beam that allows the slot array (antenna) antenna.Yet the main beam with radiation directivity of slot array (antenna) antenna becomes and is substantially perpendicular to the slit plate of slot array (antenna) antenna., make main beam with radiation directivity with respect to the normal direction of the slit plate a few degrees that vertically tilts (this angle is called as " inclination angle ") at slot if antenna is designed to be, bandwidth can be extended to a predetermined degree so.
Yet when the main beam with radiation directivity has this inclination angle, this will cause some inconvenience when the slot array (antenna) antenna is used to transmit or receives.In other words, when the directed target of the main beam with radiation directivity carrying out electromagnetic transmission and when receiving, slit plate can not be in the rectangular direction of its transmission/receive direction in.Therefore, when this antenna is installed on the transceiver, produced sizable unnecessary space.If the direction of the main beam of antenna is not calibrated, what replace this adjustment so will be a large amount of troubles.
Summary of the invention
The application's goal of the invention provides such one type slot array (antenna) antenna: the main beam of antenna pattern is set to the radiating surface perpendicular to antenna clearly, has the bandwidth of the required frequency of the slot array (antenna) antenna here simultaneously.
For the problem of being introduced above solving, slot array (antenna) antenna of the present invention is made of slot array (antenna) antenna body and dielectric cap.
The slot array (antenna) antenna body has slit plate.For the slot array (antenna) antenna body, be provided with at only the tilt main beam of the upwardly extending antenna pattern in side of a tiltangle of the vertical direction from the slit plate plane.Dielectric cap has an outerplanar that disposes in fact abreast with the slit plate plane.This dielectric cap also has the inner plane that forms inclination alpha between and outerplanar, and this dielectric cap is that the dielectric material of n constitutes by refractive index.Dispose the inner plane of dielectric cap facing to the slit plate of slot array (antenna) antenna body.Therefore, electromagnetic wave passes the dielectric cap emission and is reflected by dielectric cap, thereby has revised tiltangle, extends on the outerplanar direction perpendicular to dielectric cap to allow main beam.
According to an aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of slot array (antenna) antenna, comprising: the slot array (antenna) antenna body, its main beam that is set to antenna pattern extends in only the tilt direction of a tiltangle of the vertical direction from the slit plate plane; And dielectric cap, comprising dielectric material with refraction coefficient n, described dielectric cap has the inner plane that an outerplanar of arranging with the plane parallel of slit plate and and outerplanar have formed inclination alpha; Wherein, the slit plate of the inner plane of described dielectric cap and described slot array (antenna) antenna body relatively disposes, so that have that the main beam of radiation directivity passes the emission of described dielectric cap and by described dielectric cap refraction, revised tiltangle thus, so that main beam extends on the outerplanar direction perpendicular to described dielectric cap.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of method of direction of main beam of the antenna pattern of adjusting the slot array (antenna) antenna is proposed, be made up of the following step: prepare a slot array (antenna) antenna body, its main beam that is set to antenna pattern extends in only the tilt direction of a tiltangle of the vertical direction from the slit plate plane; Prepare a plurality of dielectric caps, each all is made of the dielectric material with refraction coefficient n, and wherein each outerplanar and slit plate plane parallel are arranged, and outerplanar and the formed inclination angle of inner plane are made into predetermined angle, and described predetermined angle is different each other; Fix and install the slot array (antenna) antenna body; Settle relatively with one inner plane will from described a plurality of dielectric caps, choosing with the slit plate of slot array (antenna) antenna body, thereby the main beam that emission has a radiation directivity passes dielectric cap and therefore it is reflected, therefore revise tiltangle, on outerplanar any direction, to adjust main beam with respect to described dielectric cap.
According to another aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of flat plane antenna, comprising: the flat plane antenna main body, its main beam that is set to antenna pattern extends in only the tilt direction of a tiltangle of the vertical direction from antenna plane; And dielectric cap, comprising dielectric material with refraction coefficient n, described dielectric cap has the inner plane that an outerplanar that is arranged in parallel with antenna plane and and outerplanar have formed inclination alpha; Wherein, the inner plane of described dielectric cap and the antenna plane of described flat plane antenna relatively dispose, so that the main beam with radiation directivity passes described dielectric cap emission and is reflected by described dielectric cap, revised tiltangle thus, so that main beam extends on the outerplanar direction perpendicular to described dielectric cap.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of aperture antenna is proposed, comprise the aperture antenna main body, have an aperture plane or a surface suitable with aperture plane, its main beam that is set to antenna pattern extends in only the tilt direction of a tiltangle of the vertical direction from aperture plane or surface; And dielectric cap, comprise dielectric material with refraction coefficient n, described dielectric cap have one with aperture plane or the outerplanar that is arranged in parallel of surface and one inner plane with outerplanar formation inclination alpha; Wherein, the aperture plane or the surface of the inner plane of described dielectric cap and aperture antenna main body relatively dispose, so that the main beam with radiation directivity passes described dielectric cap emission and is reflected by described dielectric cap, revised tiltangle thus, so that main beam extends on the outerplanar direction perpendicular to described dielectric cap.
Description of drawings
When specification at length to point out and when clearly having required claims about theme of the present invention, in phase believer in a certain religion's given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings explanation subsequently, can understand the present invention, purpose of the present invention and characteristics and the present invention's purpose, characteristics and advantage in addition well, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that is used to illustrate the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the perspective view of slot array (antenna) antenna;
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of slit plate;
Fig. 4 is the plane graph of waveguide plate;
Fig. 5 is the perspective view that is used to understand the peculiar polarised direction of slot array (antenna) antenna;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of main beam (its inclination angle: 0 °) that is used to illustrate the antenna pattern of slot array (antenna) antenna;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the main beam with radiation directivity (its inclination angle is to feed-in port lopsidedness) that is used to illustrate the slot array (antenna) antenna;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the main beam with radiation directivity (its inclination angle is to the opposite lopsidedness of feed-in port) that is used to illustrate the slot array (antenna) antenna;
Fig. 9 is that the expression dielectric cap is installed in the schematic diagram of situation of slit plate one side that its main beam has the slot array (antenna) antenna at inclination angle;
Figure 10 is expression according to the profile of the slot array (antenna) antenna of the first embodiment of the present invention and the dielectric cap that wherein adopted, and this figure also includes the section of radiating guide;
Figure 11 is the slot array (antenna) antenna of the expression second embodiment of the present invention and the profile of the dielectric cap that wherein adopted;
Figure 12 is that the expression dielectric cap is installed in the schematic diagram according to the situation of slit plate one side of the slot array (antenna) antenna of the second embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the slot array (antenna) antenna of expression second embodiment and the profile of the dielectric cap that wherein adopted, and this figure also includes the section of radiating guide;
Figure 14 is the curve chart of the relation between the angle that forms between the outerplanar of the inclination angle of main beam of explanation slot array (antenna) antenna and dielectric cap and its inner plane;
Figure 15 is the schematic diagram that is illustrated in the propagation path (wherein the main beam of the antenna pattern of slot array (antenna) antenna is to the feed-in port lopsidedness of radiating guide) of launching electromagnetic wave on the interior outerplanar of dielectric cap;
Figure 16 is the schematic diagram that is illustrated in the propagation path (wherein the main beam of the antenna pattern of slot array (antenna) antenna is to the opposite lopsidedness of the feed-in port of radiating guide) of launching electromagnetic wave on the interior outerplanar of dielectric cap;
Figure 17 is the schematic diagram that is illustrated in the propagation path (wherein the main beam of the antenna pattern of slot array (antenna) antenna emits obliquely from the outerplanar of dielectric cap) of launching electromagnetic wave on the interior outerplanar of dielectric cap;
Figure 18 be expression slot array (antenna) antenna main beam the inclination angle and by the curve chart of the relation between the formed angle of interior outerplanar of the dielectric cap that is wherein adopted;
Figure 19 is the schematic diagram of the expression third embodiment of the present invention; With
Figure 20 is expression according to the profile of the slot array (antenna) antenna of the third embodiment of the present invention and the dielectric cap that wherein adopted, and this figure also includes the section of radiating guide.
Embodiment
In explanation slot array (antenna) antenna of the present invention, the structure to antenna body is at first described.
Fig. 2 is the perspective view of the main body of expression slot array (antenna) antenna. the slot array (antenna) antenna body is to be made of slit plate 201 and the waveguide plate 202 that uses as waveguide.Fig. 2 represents that slit plate 201 and waveguide plate 202 are in the situation under the released state.Slit plate 201 normally is made of thin conductor plate. and conductor plate is provided with a plurality of slots (otch) 203.Waveguide plate 202 is provided with the groove 205 of rectangle, so that can offer all slots 203. of being arranged on the slit plate 201 when slit plate 201 and waveguide plate 202 are combined together so that overlapped with deriving from an input electromagnetic wave that is limited to the feed-in port 204 on the quite thick conductor plate, can be in slit plate 201 wave guide wall in alignment on form delegation's slot 203 so that should integral body form a slot array (antenna) antenna 200.
Along with the rising of the conductivity of each employed conductor in slit plate 201 and the waveguide plate 202 or conductor plate, ohmic loss has reduced.This loss that will help to reduce antenna slit plate 201 and the processing of waveguide plate 202 or the precision of making and precision that the two is bonded to each other in addition will cause tremendous influence to the radiation characteristic of antenna.
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of slit plate 201. when the shape of each slot 203 is rectangular basically, for the ease of processing, the two ends of each slot 203 can be circular arc. the length of slot 203 approximately is half of wavelength X that is input to the radiated electromagnetic wave in the waveguide, and its width approximately is its 1/20th, be positioned at the Center Gap between the adjacent slot of delegation approx with guide wavelength λ
gEquate.
Fig. 4 is the plane graph of waveguide plate 202. disposes a groove and makes it extend to waveguide plate 202 from feed-in port 204.This groove is guided the branched structure 432. that centered on by circular dashed line under the state that slit plate 201 and waveguide plate 202 combine togather, this branched structure 432 plays the effect of said H face T junction in the microwave circuit device. and passing through at H face T junction 432 from the electromagnetic wave of feed-in port 204 input is divided into the electromagnetic wave that the two-way of homophase equates at power. here, at H face T junction place, from feed-in port 204, dispose the function that a projection 433. should projection 433 be born the matching pillar of H face T junction in the position of electromagnetic wave bump. under the situation that slit plate 201 and waveguide plate 202 combine togather, each groove 434 that is connected to the left end of H face T junction and right-hand member plays the effect of waveguide.This waveguide will be called as " feed-in waveguide " now. because feed-in waveguide 434 is about the axis symmetry of feed-in port 204, therefore the explanation to the structure of waveguide plate 202 will only provide according to the one side.
Feed-in waveguide 434 is played the effect of feed side to each radiating guide 437, and its sectional dimension is approximate to be equated with the sectional dimension of each feed-in waveguide 434. on wall surface, dispose each protruding 433. projection 435 is being born matching pillar in the mode similar to protruding 433 function corresponding to each part 438 relative side of the feed side of radiating guide 437.Be set to about 1/4 guide wavelength λ from the front end 439 of feed-in waveguide 434 to length corresponding to the part 438 of last feed side
gWith the inhibitory reflex ripple.Be divided into two equal parts from the electromagnetic wave of importing corresponding to each part 438 of each feed side by its corresponding median wall 436, be provided for two radiating guides 437. then under the situation that slit plate 201 and waveguide plate 202 combine togather, a plurality of slots are disposed in them above the corresponding wave guide wall, these wave guide walls are corresponding with each radiating guide 437, obtained an array antenna thus.Because such structure, the quantity that causes constituting the radiating guide 437 of slot array (antenna) antenna must be four multiple.If, determined so the size of entire antenna is also just similar owing to determined the quantity that desired radiation characteristic and available frequencies just simultaneously can determine the quantity of radiating guide and be positioned at each slot above radiating guide wall.
The perspective view that Fig. 5 is an expression slot array (antenna) antenna 200 after slit plate 201 and waveguide plate 202 combine togather.Because the electromagnetic mould in each radiating guide is given as TE
10Mould, causing the magnetic direction 51 of slot array (antenna) antenna 200 is longitudinal directions of each slot, and the horizontal direction that to cause its direction of an electric field 52 are each slots.Owing to all slots 203 are arranged with identical direction, thus cause the interior direction of an electric field of the neighborhood on slot array (antenna) antenna 200 surfaces identical in fact with direction of an electric field 52, except the edge of slot array (antenna) antenna 200.Therefore, direction of an electric field 52 that we can say slot array (antenna) antenna 200 has also determined its polarised direction.
Usually, because principle of reciprocity goes for all types of antennas, so the emission characteristics of antenna and receiving feature are mutually the same.Though aforesaid explanation concentrates in the emission, process shown and explanation is just opposite with situation about receiving.Therefore, similar for the explanation that receives to emission, so with its omission.
To the main beam of the antenna pattern of slot array (antenna) antenna be described below.
Though Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that is used to illustrate the main beam of the radiation directivity with slot array (antenna) antenna. only be to use the part of a radiating guide 60 to demonstrate here, but this radiation direction is in fact corresponding to the radiation direction of entire antenna. Fig. 6 illustrates the radiation direction that does not have the inclination angle, promptly, the inclination angle is " zero ". here, the Center Gap between the adjacent slot 601 equals the guide wavelength λ corresponding to radiating guide
g1/2nd wavelength.In slot array (antenna) antenna shown in Figure 6, radiation direction 62 is that the vertically extending axle 61 along slit plate forms. in other words, because having the inclination angle of the main beam of radiation directivity is " zero ", so radiation direction 62 is perpendicular to slit plate. by the way, because the feed side 63 of radiating guide 60 disposes abreast with slit plate, so input electromagnetic wave 64 is also imported with slit plate with paralleling.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of main beam that is used to illustrate the antenna pattern of slot array (antenna) antenna, and expresses main beam with tiltangle
1Situation about tilting towards the feed side of radiating guide. in radiating guide shown in Figure 7 70, the Center Gap L that adjacent slot is 701
1Less than corresponding to 1/2nd guide wavelength λ
g0.5 λ
g. by the way, though do not illustrate in the figure, the condition that is used to import electromagnetic wave etc. is similar to Fig. 6. because in this way with the Center Gap L between the slot 701
1Be set to less than 0.5 λ
g, radiation direction 72 with respect to perpendicular to the direction 61 of slit plate with θ
173 lopsidedness towards the feed side.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of main beam that is used to illustrate the antenna pattern of slot array (antenna) antenna, and the expression main beam is with tiltangle
2Situation towards the opposite lopsidedness in the feed side of radiating guide. in radiating guide shown in Figure 8 80, the centre distance L between each and the adjacent slot 801
2Greater than corresponding to 1/2nd guide wavelength λ
g0.5 λ
gBy the way, though not expression in the figure, the condition that is used to import electromagnetic wave etc. is similar to Fig. 6.Because in this way with the Center Gap L between the slot 801
2Be provided with greater than 0.5 λ
g, radiation direction 82 with respect to the vertical direction 61 of slit plate with θ
283 the opposite lopsidedness towards the feed side.
In the superincumbent explanation, the impedance mismatching that produces in each radiating guide owing to the appearance at inclination angle to suppress has been carried out adjusting in the interval between the adjacent slot.Because the inclination angle calculates according to the predetermined equations formula, so can calculate Center Gap between the adjacent slot according to the value at inclination angle.
To describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention with the aforesaid prerequisite that is illustrated as below.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that is used to illustrate the first embodiment of the present invention. by the way, Fig. 1 represents that state that dielectric cap also do not have to install is so that explanation. Fig. 9 and 10 is respectively the schematic diagram that is used to illustrate according to the slot array (antenna) antenna under the state that dielectric cap has been installed of first embodiment. for convenience of explanation, with utilization corresponding to present embodiment being described along Fig. 9 of the axial profile of radiating guide with corresponding to Figure 10 of the profile of the section that is comprising radiating guide.
In the slot array (antenna) antenna shown in Fig. 1, have feed side 112 lopsidedness of the main beam 115 of radiation directivity towards radiating guide according to the first embodiment of the present invention. figure 1 illustrates main beam 115 wherein and have tiltangle with respect to the vertical direction 114 of the slit plate 113 of slot array (antenna) antenna 111
1Slot array (antenna) antenna 111 and a tiltangle that is used to revise main beam 115
1Dielectric cap (hereinafter will abbreviate " dielectric cap " as) 116.
The dielectric cap 116 that is adopted among first embodiment can be passed by and electromagnetic wave lower at the frequency range internal loss of slot array (antenna) antenna 111 and can constitute by absorbed dielectric material hardly. and in other words, it is a kind ofly can not influence electromagnetic material in fact.But because this dielectric material has DIELECTRIC CONSTANT, when electromagnetic wave incident thereon, it can reflect and reflect electromagnetic wave. therefore, dielectric material and electromagnetic relation object are similar to the relation between light and the clear glass. therefore as can be known, if the theorem of many processing optical problem can be applied to electromagnetic wave and dielectric material comparably. the dielectric constant of dielectric cap is represented as ε and for example, given relative dielectric constant is ε
r, refraction coefficient n equals ε in fact so
rSquare root. in other words:
(1)
On the other hand, emphasis of the present invention is, the inclination angle that the electromagnetic refraction effect that is caused by dielectric material is used to proofread and correct the main beam with radiation directivity. the dielectric cap 116 that adopts in first embodiment mainly is made of the tabular medium with outerplanar P3 and inner plane P4, wherein outerplanar P3 is parallel to the surface of the slit plate 113 of slot array (antenna) antenna, be the emission/reception plane P 1 of antenna, and inner plane P4 is not parallel to plane P 1.The inner plane P4 of dielectric cap 116 has the inclination alpha with respect to outerplanar P3
1. inclination alpha
1Derive by following equation:
(2)α
1＝arctan{sinθ
1/(n-cosθ
1)}
Fig. 9 represents that dielectric cap 116 is installed to main beam and has tiltangle
1The situation of slit plate one side of slot array (antenna) antenna 111. after the inner surface or plane P 4 refraction of dielectric cap and therefrom passing, the radiation direction 117 of slot array (antenna) antenna 111 is extended on perpendicular to the direction 114 of the slit plate of slot array (antenna) antenna 111. and in other words, main beam 117 has pointed to the direction perpendicular to the outerplanar P3 of dielectric cap 116.Therefore, the inclination angle of the main beam of slot array (antenna) antenna 111 has obviously reached about 0 °, seems to be eliminated or to have suppressed so can be considered as the inclination angle of main beam.
Figure 10 is expression according to the profile of the slot array (antenna) antenna 111 of first embodiment and the dielectric cap 116 that adopted, this figure includes the section of radiating guide. and the electromagnetic wave of cross section 118 feed-ins by each radiating guide is gone out from unshowned each slot radiation that is configured on the slit plate 113. and among Figure 10, the outerplanar P3 of dielectric cap 116 looks it is parallel with inner plane P4, but in fact as shown in Figure 9, inner plane P4 is with respect to the axial formation inclined angle alpha of outerplanar P3 along each radiating guide
1.
Top first embodiment that introduces has showed that a main beam with radiation directivity is towards the embodiment of the feed side lopsidedness of radiating guide and improvement countermeasure to the situation shown in Fig. 7 has been described.
Figure 11 is expression according to the profile of the slot array (antenna) antenna 121 of the second embodiment of the present invention and the dielectric cap 126 that wherein adopted.In the slot array (antenna) antenna 121 according to second embodiment shown in Figure 11, have the opposite lopsidedness of the main beam 125 of radiation directivity towards the feed side 122 of radiating guide.Figure 11 illustrates main beam 125 therein and have tiltangle with respect to the vertical direction 114 of the slit plate 123 of slot array (antenna) antenna 121
2Slot array (antenna) antenna 121 and be used to revise the tiltangle of main beam 125
2 Dielectric cap 126.
On principle, second embodiment also is similar to first embodiment. in other words, and in available frequency range, when by ε
rWhen representing the relative dielectric constant of dielectric material, equally in a second embodiment, given as equation (1), refraction coefficient n equals ε in fact
rSquare root.
On the other hand, the dielectric cap 126 that is adopted among second embodiment also has an outerplanar P5 and an inner plane P6. plane P 6 to have an inclination alpha with respect to plane P 5
2, and α
2Derive by following equation:
(3)α
2＝arctan{sinθ
2/(n-cosθ
2)}
Figure 12 represents that dielectric cap 126 is installed to main beam and has tiltangle
2The situation of slit plate 123 1 sides of slot array (antenna) antenna 121.Inner plane P6 by dielectric cap 126 reflects the radiation direction 127 of the slot array (antenna) antenna 121 that has also therefrom passed towards the direction 124 vertical with the outerplanar P5 of dielectric cap 126.In other words, main beam 127 has pointed to the direction perpendicular to the slit plate 123 of slot array (antenna) antenna 121.Therefore, the inclination angle of the main beam of slot array (antenna) antenna 121 has obviously reached about 0 °, so the inclination angle of main beam can be regarded as being eliminated or having suppressed.
Figure 13 is expression according to the profile of the slot array (antenna) antenna 121 of second embodiment and the dielectric cap 126 that wherein adopted, and this figure includes the section of radiating guide.Even the manifestation mode of Figure 13 is similar to FIG. 10. under the situation similar to the mode of Figure 10, the inner plane p6 of dielectric cap 126 in fact as shown in figure 12, with respect to the axial formation inclination alpha of outerplanar P5 along each radiating guide
2.
Second embodiment has the embodiment of the main beam of radiation directivity towards the opposite lopsidedness of the feed side of radiating guide, and shows the improvement countermeasure to the situation shown in Fig. 8.
Because above-mentioned equation (2) and (3) have similar forms respectively, so they can be summarized in following equation (4):
(4)α＝arctan{sinθ/(n-cosθ)}
Wherein θ represents the inclination angle of the main beam of slot array (antenna) antenna, and α represents the angle that outerplanar and inner plane by dielectric cap form. in first and second embodiment, and the tiltangle (=θ of the main beam of slot array (antenna) antenna
1=θ
2) be 2.8 °, and special teflon (brand name) is as the material of dielectric cap. relative dielectric constant ε
rBe given as 2.7. according to equation (1), because refraction coefficient n equals relative dielectric constant ε
rSquare root, so n=1.64. is therefore, when user's formula (4) was carried out angle calculation, the result of the angle [alpha] that is formed by the outerplanar and the inner plane of dielectric cap was 4.36 °.
Figure 14 is the tiltangle of main beam of expression slot array (antenna) antenna and the curve chart of the relation between the angle [alpha] that formed by the outerplanar and the inner plane of dielectric cap. provided the characteristic value n=1.4 of refraction coefficient among Figure 14, n=1.6, n=1.64, n=1.8, n=2.0. by the way, the point 131 of n=1.64 is to represent the θ that adopted among first and second embodiment and the position of the relation between the α. from Figure 14, can find out significantly, increase along with the value of refraction coefficient n, the slight variation meeting of inclination alpha causes very big influence to the inclination angle. therefore, when making or machining medium lid, the relative dielectric constant ε of dielectric material
rOr big more to electromagnetic refraction coefficient n, just require the machining accuracy of inclination alpha high more.Preferably the value of refraction coefficient n is less than or equal to about 2. in practice
In slot array (antenna) antenna according to first and second embodiment, the electromagnetic wave that radiates from the slit plate of routine or common slot array (antenna) antenna reflects through dielectric cap. by the figure that is used for this operating process is elaborated, current operating process is divided into the operating process of slot array (antenna) antenna body and through the refraction of electromagnetic wave process of dielectric cap, and will the operating process according to the slot array (antenna) antenna of first and second embodiment be described.
At first will utilize Fig. 5 that the operating process of slot array (antenna) antenna body is described.
As shown in Figure 5, described the outward appearance of slot array (antenna) antenna body 200. when electromagnetic wave during from feed-in port 204 feed-ins of slot array (antenna) antenna body 200, electromagnetic wave is by the feed-in waveguide so that flow into their corresponding radiating guide.In addition, the electromagnetic wave that flows into each radiating guide radiate from each slot element 203 of slit plate.Making electromagnetic wave by the feed-in waveguide be arranged in the process of the radiating guide of slot array (antenna) antenna body 200 inside, the electromagnetic energy that flows into each slot element is adjusted so that realize predetermined distribution (promptly, Taylor (Taylor) distributes, is evenly distributed). therefore, emittance concentrates on the main beam of radiation direction, thereby obtaining high radiation efficiency. radiation efficiency is high more, and electromagenetic wave radiation must be far away more.
The process that will reflect the electromagnetic wave of being realized by dielectric cap to institute's radiation describes below.
Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of the propagation path of electromagnetic wave on the interior outerplanar of dielectric cap of expression radiation.Figure 15 represents the situation that the main beam of the antenna pattern of slot array (antenna) antenna tilts towards feed side one side (left side among this figure) of radiating guide.Figure 15 can be considered to the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 1.Therefore, with Fig. 1 in identical part indicate and therefore omitted explanation to them with identical Reference numeral.
In Figure 15, point A is a lip-deep point of slit plate 113. think that the main beam of antenna pattern radiate from an A, if and its direction is shown in this figure. owing to observe antenna from distance enough far away, this antenna can be regarded as a point usually, so think that the starting point of main beam with radiation directivity is an A, and therefore main beam 150a and 150b can be considered to a light beam. because the inclination angle of main beam 150a is θ
1, so that the angle between the normal of the plane P 1 of main beam 150a and slit plate 113 is θ
1. the inner plane of main beam 150a and dielectric cap 116 intersects at a B place. have relative dielectric constant ε owing to be used for the dielectric material of dielectric cap 116
r, so it also has the refraction coefficient n by equation (1) expression.To be similar to the mode of light, according to Si Nieer (Snell) law, main beam 150a is refracted and has changed direction at a B.Because the main beam 150b after the refraction is considered to be similar to light beam, so the outerplanar P3 of it and dielectric cap 116 sentences right angle intersection at a C.
Because main beam 150b along the normal direction of the outerplanar P3 of dielectric cap 116 (promptly, direction perpendicular to the plane P 1 of slit plate 113) extends, therefore, even it passes dielectric cap 116 and therefrom passes, it does not change the samely to propagating at a distance with the direction of main beam 150b yet. under this condition, determined the inclination alpha of the inner plane P4 of dielectric cap 116 with respect to outerplanar P3
1. as shown in figure 15, the angle theta of the normal of the inner plane P4 of dielectric cap 116 to form with main beam 150a
1+ α
1With with refraction after the angle α that forms of main beam 150b
1Represent.According to snell law, set up following equation:
(5)sin(θ
1+α
1)＝nsinα
1
Find the solution this equation (5) and derive equation (2).
Therefore, owing to pass through the refraction action of the inner plane P4 of dielectric cap 116 to main beam, the direction of main beam 150b perpendicular to the plane P 1. of the outerplanar P3 of dielectric cap 116 and slit plate 113 therefore, if antenna is made into the slot array (antenna) antenna that has dielectric cap mounted thereto 116, tiltangle so
1Reached zero in fact.Yet, in the slot array (antenna) antenna body, have the tiltangle of main beam
1Situation under, can keep wide bandwidth and needn't change the frequency band of antenna.
Figure 16 is that the expression radiated electromagnetic wave is at the inner plane of dielectric cap and the schematic diagram of the propagation path on the outerplanar.Figure 16 represents the situation that the main beam of the antenna pattern of slot array (antenna) antenna tilts towards the opposite side (right side among this figure) of the feed side of radiating guide. Figure 16 can be regarded as the partial enlarged drawing of Figure 11. therefore, indicate and will therefore omit explanation by identical Reference numeral to them with identical part among Fig. 1.
In Figure 16, point D is a lip-deep point of slit plate 123. the main beam of antenna pattern is regarded as from a D to be launched, and its direction is shown in this figure. to be similar to the mode of Figure 15, main beam 160a and 160b can be regarded as a light beam. because the inclination angle of main beam 160a is θ
2Therefore, causing the angle between the normal of plane P 1 of main beam 160a and slit plate 123 is θ
2. the inner plane P6 of main beam 160a and dielectric cap 126 intersects at an E place.Has relative dielectric constant ε owing to be used for the dielectric material of dielectric cap 126
rSo it also has by the represented refraction coefficient n. of equation (1) being similar to the mode of Figure 15, main beam 160a is refracted at an E place according to snell law and has changed direction. the main beam 160b after the refraction and the outerplanar P5 of dielectric cap 126 sentence right angle intersection at a F.
Because main beam 160b extends with the normal direction of the outerplanar P5 of dielectric cap 126 (that is, perpendicular to the direction of the plane P 1 of slit plate 123), so even it passes dielectric cap 126 and therefrom passes, the direction of main beam 160b also remains unchanged.Under this condition, determined the inclination alpha of the inner plane P6 of dielectric cap 126 with respect to outerplanar P5
2
In order the main beam of slot array (antenna) antenna to be corrected to the dead ahead (normal direction of plane P 1) of antenna as described abovely, yet need to be 0.1 ° or littler according to the making precision setting of the angle α that forms between the outerplanar of dielectric cap of the present invention and the inner plane., when producing the slot array (antenna) antenna in batches, even be difficult to keep so high precision. can reach the high accuracy of making, yet can not realize the reduction of cost., even if because the deterioration of the making precision of dielectric cap has caused the variation of angle [alpha], the angle of main beam of having passed the slot array (antenna) antenna of the dielectric cap that is adopted among the present invention changes and can be limited in one within the angular range of the observed permission in dead ahead of antenna, therefore it drops in the scope of permission of slot array (antenna) antenna, and can produce the slot array (antenna) antenna at low cost in batches.Therefore, need understand because the relation between the tiltangle of the main beam of the variation of the angle [alpha] that the making precision of dielectric cap is caused and slot array (antenna) antenna.
Figure 17 is the schematic diagram of expression electromagnetic radiation wave trajectory, and wherein the angle that forms between the inner plane of dielectric cap and the outerplanar is α
3Figure 17 represents the situation that the main beam of the antenna pattern of slot array (antenna) antenna tilts towards feed side one side (left side among this figure) of radiating guide.This figure can be regarded as because the variation of the making precision of dielectric cap has caused the angle [alpha] shown in Figure 15
1Become angle [alpha]
3Schematic diagram. in Figure 17, indicate by identical Reference numeral, and will therefore omit explanation them with part identical among Figure 15.
As described above, in Figure 17, the inner plane P7 of dielectric cap 136 is given as α with respect to the inclination angle of outerplanar P8
3If inclination alpha
3Equal the represented α of equation (2) as the aforementioned
1So as shown in figure 15, just make the outerplanar P3 of the main beam 150b of the slot array (antenna) antenna that has passed dielectric cap 116 perpendicular to dielectric cap 116, yet so that the main beam 150b of slot array (antenna) antenna looks like and radiates from the dead ahead of slot array (antenna) antenna. because the inclination angle of the dielectric cap 136 among Figure 17 is α
3Rather than α
1Therefore, the main beam that radiates from the outerplanar P8 of dielectric cap 136 has tiltangle
3, it is not the normal of plane P 8 but is got by its vertical direction.
Observe from vertical direction in the mode that is similar to Figure 15, the main beam 170a with radiation directivity is with tiltangle
1Some A from the slit plate 113 of slot array (antenna) antenna 111 radiates. and the some G. that the main beam 170a with radiation directivity enters on the inner plane P7 of dielectric cap 136 shows the normal of the some G on the plane P 7, thereby provides the angle theta that the main beam 170a of normal and radiation direction forms
1+ α
3, and the angle α of the main beam 170b formation after providing normal and reflecting
4. according to snell law, set up these angles θ
1, α
3And α
4Between relation as follows:
(6)sin(θ
1+α
3)＝n?sinα
4
Main beam 170b after the refraction arrive by the some G place on the inner plane P7 of dielectric cap 136 on the outerplanar P8 of dielectric cap 136 some H. perpendicular to the straight line (vertical line) of outerplanar P8 with reflect after main beam 170b angulation (inclination angle) α
5This angle α
5Equal α
4-α
3.
(7)α
5＝α
4-α
3
In addition, the outerplanar P8 of main beam 170b after the refraction and dielectric cap 136 intersects at a H place.The normal angulation that causes the outerplanar P8 of main beam 170b and dielectric cap 136 is α
5. and, the main beam 170b crossing point H after reflecting after refraction, and it has obtained main beam 170c by main beam 170b when wearing out from dielectric cap 136.The angle (inclination angle) that forms between the vertical line at main beam 170c and some H place is θ
3According to snell law, the equation below setting up:
(8)sinθ
3＝n?sinα
5
Utilize equation (6), (7) and (8) to derive tiltangle
3, and produced following equation (9).
(9)
Figure 18 is a performance diagram of representing equation (9) with diagrammatic form.The refraction coefficient n of dielectric cap 136 in the mode of similar Figure 14 as a parameter.Work as tiltangle
3Become at 0 o'clock, main beam 170c becomes perpendicular to the outerplanar P8 of dielectric cap 136, and therefore main beam 170c launches from the dead ahead of antenna. on the other hand, work as inclination alpha
3Be 0 o'clock, θ
3=θ 1, and therefore the inclination angle of the main beam of antenna is not corrected.
Work as inclination alpha
3When reaching 4.36 °, and this moment refraction coefficient n be 1.64, for example, in Figure 18, tiltangle
3Equal 0.If the position of point 201 the above-mentioned situation of coordinate representation. corresponding to the inclination alpha of the X coordinate of point 201
3In about 20% scope, change, so corresponding to the tiltangle of Y coordinate
3Value in about 0.5 ° scope, change.If tiltangle
3According to the variation of refraction coefficient n slightly different but drop on one for example according to the value of actual refraction coefficient n be 2 or littler scope in, so as from tiltangle
3Zero point see, work as inclination alpha
3When in about 20% scope, changing, tiltangle
3In about 0.5 ° scope, change.As according to actual tilt angles θ
1Value calculate tiltangle
3Excursion be about 20%, and be equivalent to antenna mount in the identical angle of error that produces.Therefore, when normally fixing up an aerial wire, tiltangle
3Excursion drop in the scope of a permission.
The refracting process and the variation thereof of main beam have been described among Figure 19, this moment the slot array (antenna) antenna main beam towards feed side one side (as the left side of arriving seen in this figure) however tilt., even when main beam during towards the lopsidedness opposite with the feed side, the refracting process of main beam and change also similar to above-mentioned situation.If, can carry out similar explanation, so if will omit explanation to them to them owing to use explanation to Figure 16. machining medium covers 136 inner plane P7 and the inclined angle alpha between the outerplanar P8
3Precision all drop in either case in 20% the scope, so passed dielectric cap 136 the slot array (antenna) antenna main beam 170c the dead ahead of antenna to about 0.5 ° scope in change. drop in this scope in order to make main beam, the excursion of the value of actual tilt angles need be limited within about 20% the scope.
Therefore, when at the tiltangle of having considered main beam
3The prerequisite of excursion under when producing dielectric cap 136 in batches, the inclined angle alpha between processing inner plane P7 and the outerplanar P8
3Precision can be set within 20% the scope. in other words, inclined angle alpha
3Excursion can be between 0.8 times of its value and this value 1.2 times, with the value that calculates by equation (4) as the center.
Figure 19 is the schematic diagram of the expression third embodiment of the present invention.Figure 19 shows the situation that dielectric cap 146 is installed in slit plate one side of slot array (antenna) antenna 111.Dielectric cap 146 has the post 151 of the cylindrical or wall shape that is configured in its inboard corner that forms.Because post 151 is made when dielectric cap 146 is installed on the slot array (antenna) antenna 111, directly the slit plate 113 with corresponding slot array (antenna) antenna 111 contacts, so the value at the inclination angle between the outerplanar P9 of the inner plane P10 of dielectric cap 146 and dielectric cap 146 can be stabilized all the time.
Figure 20 is that expression is according to the slot array (antenna) antenna 111 of the third embodiment of the present invention and the profile of dielectric cap 156, though this figure includes the section of radiating guide. the outerplanar P11 at Figure 20 medium lid 156 looks like parallel with inner plane P12, but in fact, as shown in figure 19, inner plane P12 has axioversion along each radiating guide in the predetermined angular of outerplanar P11. by the way, the method of determining the inclination angle is similar to first and second embodiment, and therefore with the explanation of omitting about it.
As described above, yet each of first to the 3rd embodiment has such inclination angle so that can have the inclination angle of the main beam of radiation directivity by the dielectric cap inhibition., should be taken into account that also dielectric cap is to be made in advance that to have in 0 ° to 20 ° scope with 0.5 ° be the form at the increment inclination angle that changes, or not according to the inclination angle of the main beam of the radiation directivity of slot array (antenna) antenna, be used for making under the situation at its inclination angles of calculating such as refraction coefficient of material of dielectric cap. by doing like this, the angle with main beam of radiation directivity also can be by choosing dielectric cap adjustment after the installation of slot array (antenna) antenna body.
If slot array (antenna) antenna of the present invention is applicable to millimetre-wave attenuator and is used as ETC and the antenna of ITS. increase the quantity of the slot element of slot array (antenna) antenna, radiation gain will uprise and the width of main beam will become sharp-pointed so.Therefore, this slot array (antenna) antenna even can be used in the system of the high-gain aerial of needs resemble the cubical antenna. as application, can be referred, for example, be used for the relaying antenna of telephone communication base station, the relaying antenna that is used for the TV base station, satellite communication antena, radio astronomy antenna or the like.
Flat plane antenna, such as sticking patch array antenna, radial alignment slot aerial etc., perhaps aperture plane antenna is such as cubical antenna, horn antenna etc., compare with other antenna and to have higher radiation gain, and be applicable to the frequency band of scope from the frequency range of hundreds of MHz to the frequency range of tens GHz.Because each all has the main beam that has sharp-pointed radiation directivity these antenna, therefore, when they are used as transmit/receive antenna in practice, if be difficult to the direction of each main beam and required direction being mated. main beam is accurately perpendicular to the radiation areas of each antenna or radiating surface or perpendicular to its open surfaces or plane, yet the coupling that transmits and receives direction of antenna can be simple a little so., for the ease of design and installation and assembling antenna, there is no need to make radiating surface or its opening surface of main beam perpendicular to antenna. in other words, according to above-mentioned principle of convenience, may exist the inherent situation in inclination angle of main beam.
Though the dielectric cap at inclination angle that being used for of being adopted among the present invention revised the main beam of slot array (antenna) antenna is illustrated, but need not to point out that dielectric cap also can be applied to flat plane antenna and the aperture antenna that its main beam has the inclination angle equally, and can bring similar effect.
As described above, slot array (antenna) antenna of the present invention disposes a dielectric cap on its slit plate, be used to revise the inclination angle of the main beam of antenna pattern. for the extension frequency bandwidth, the main beam with radiation directivity of slot array (antenna) antenna must be adjusted to have an inclination angle.Yet, according to the present invention, though on the main beam with radiation directivity of slot array (antenna) antenna, be provided with the inclination angle, can revise the emission/receive direction of antenna, so that this direction becomes perpendicular to slit plate. therefore, when slot array (antenna) antenna of the present invention was installed in the transreceiver, it had not only eliminated unnecessary space, and eliminated necessity of the direction of the main beam of adjusting antenna, and can make huge contribution to the size and the cost that reduce communicator.
If a kind of low-loss and chemically stable material; such as special teflon (brand name); the material that is used as dielectric cap; the slit plate that so just can protect antenna is with dust protection, anti-fouling, the shockproof and pollution that prevents chemical substance. therefore; because the assembling radome is protected the slit plate of antenna to become and there is no need, therefore can realize the further reduction of cost.
Though describe the present invention with reference to the embodiment that is exemplified, but this explanation is not intended to be limited to such understanding. on basis, be conspicuous for a person skilled in the art to the embodiment that exemplified and the various modification of other embodiments of the invention with reference to this explanation. and therefore appended claim will attempt to cover any true scope of the present invention interior modification or embodiment of belonging to.
Claims (21)
1. slot array (antenna) antenna comprises:
The slot array (antenna) antenna body, its main beam that is set to antenna pattern extends in only the tilt direction of a tiltangle of the vertical direction from the slit plate plane; With
Dielectric cap comprises the dielectric material with refraction coefficient n, and described dielectric cap has the inner plane that an outerplanar of arranging with the plane parallel of slit plate and and outerplanar have formed inclination alpha;
Wherein, the slit plate of the inner plane of described dielectric cap and described slot array (antenna) antenna body relatively disposes, so that have that the main beam of radiation directivity passes the emission of described dielectric cap and by described dielectric cap refraction, revised tiltangle thus, so that main beam extends on the outerplanar direction perpendicular to described dielectric cap.
2. according to the slot array (antenna) antenna of claim 1, wherein inclination alpha is approximately equal to the value that is calculated by following equation (i):
(i)α＝arctan{sinθ/(n-cosθ)}
3. according to the slot array (antenna) antenna of claim 1, wherein inclination alpha is approximately equal at 0.8 * arctan{sin θ/(n-cos θ) } to 1.2 * arctan{sin θ/(n-cos θ) scope in the value of trying to achieve.
4. according to the slot array (antenna) antenna of claim 1, wherein said dielectric cap has a projection that contacts and stably fix described dielectric cap with slit plate.
5. according to the slot array (antenna) antenna of claim 1, wherein said slot array (antenna) antenna body has one and is used for the electromagnetic feed-in port of I/O in perpendicular to the plane of slit plate, and the main beam with radiation directivity with tiltangle to this feed-in port lopsidedness.
6. according to the slot array (antenna) antenna of claim 1, wherein said slot array (antenna) antenna body has one and is used for the electromagnetic feed-in port of I/O in perpendicular to the plane of slit plate, and the main beam with radiation directivity with tiltangle to the lopsidedness opposite with this feed-in port.
7. according to the slot array (antenna) antenna of claim 1, wherein said slot array (antenna) antenna body has radiating guide, and the electromagnetic wave of importing from the feed-in port is introduced in this radiating guide, and the inner plane of described dielectric cap is along the fore-and-aft tilt of described each radiating guide.
8. the method for the direction of the main beam of an antenna pattern of adjusting the slot array (antenna) antenna, form by the following step:
Prepare a slot array (antenna) antenna body, its main beam that is set to antenna pattern extends in only the tilt direction of a tiltangle of the vertical direction from the slit plate plane;
Prepare a plurality of dielectric caps, each all is made of the dielectric material with refraction coefficient n, and wherein each outerplanar and slit plate plane parallel are arranged, and outerplanar and the formed inclination angle of inner plane are made into predetermined angle, and described predetermined angle is different each other;
Fix and install the slot array (antenna) antenna body; With
One inner plane to choosing from described a plurality of dielectric caps is settled relatively with the slit plate of slot array (antenna) antenna body, thereby the main beam that emission has a radiation directivity passes dielectric cap and therefore it is reflected, therefore revise tiltangle, on outerplanar any direction, to adjust main beam with respect to described dielectric cap.
9. according to the method for claim 8, wherein when given inclination angle was α, this inclination angle was approximately equal to the value that is (ii) calculated by following equation:
(ii)α＝arctan{sinθ/(n-cosθ)}
10. according to the method for claim 8, wherein when incidence meter was shown α, this inclination alpha was approximately equal at 0.8 * arctan{sin θ/(n-cos θ) } to 1.2 * arctan{sin θ/(n-cos θ) scope in the value of trying to achieve.
11. according to the method for claim 8, wherein said dielectric cap has a projection that contacts and stably fix described dielectric cap with slit plate.
12. method according to claim 8, wherein said slot array (antenna) antenna body has one and is used for the electromagnetic feed-in port of I/O in perpendicular to the plane of slit plate, and the main beam with radiation directivity with tiltangle to this feed-in port lopsidedness.
13. method according to claim 8, wherein said slot array (antenna) antenna body has one and is used for the electromagnetic feed-in port of I/O in perpendicular to the plane of slit plate, and the main beam with radiation directivity with tiltangle to the lopsidedness opposite with this feed-in port.
14. method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein said slot array (antenna) antenna body has radiating guide, be introduced in this radiating guide from the electromagnetic wave of feed-in port input, and the inner plane of described dielectric cap is along the fore-and-aft tilt of described each radiating guide.
15. a flat plane antenna comprises:
The flat plane antenna main body, its main beam that is set to antenna pattern extends in only the tilt direction of a tiltangle of the vertical direction from antenna plane; With
Dielectric cap comprises the dielectric material with refraction coefficient n, and described dielectric cap has the inner plane that an outerplanar that is arranged in parallel with antenna plane and and outerplanar have formed inclination alpha;
Wherein, the inner plane of described dielectric cap and the antenna plane of described flat plane antenna relatively dispose, so that the main beam with radiation directivity passes described dielectric cap emission and is reflected by described dielectric cap, revised tiltangle thus, so that main beam extends on the outerplanar direction perpendicular to described dielectric cap.
16. according to the flat plane antenna of claim 15, wherein inclination alpha is approximately equal to the value that is (iii) calculated by following equation:
(iii)α＝arctan{sinθ/(n-cosθ)}
17. according to the flat plane antenna of claim 15, wherein inclination alpha is approximately equal at 0.8 * arctan{sin θ/(n-cos θ) } to 1.2 * arctan{sin θ/(n-cos θ) scope in the value of trying to achieve.
18. according to the flat plane antenna of claim 15, wherein said dielectric cap has a projection that contacts and stably fix described dielectric cap with antenna plane.
19. an aperture antenna comprises
The aperture antenna main body has an aperture plane or a surface suitable with aperture plane, and its main beam that is set to antenna pattern extends in only the tilt direction of a tiltangle of the vertical direction from aperture plane or surface; With
Dielectric cap comprises the dielectric material with refraction coefficient n, described dielectric cap have one with aperture plane or the outerplanar that is arranged in parallel of surface and one inner plane with outerplanar formation inclination alpha;
Wherein, the aperture plane or the surface of the inner plane of described dielectric cap and aperture antenna main body relatively dispose, so that the main beam with radiation directivity passes described dielectric cap emission and is reflected by described dielectric cap, revised tiltangle thus, so that main beam extends on the outerplanar direction perpendicular to described dielectric cap.
20. according to the aperture antenna of claim 19, wherein inclination alpha is approximately equal to the value that is (iv) calculated by following equation:
(iv)α＝arctan{sinθ/(n-cosθ)}
21. according to the aperture antenna of claim 19, wherein inclination alpha is approximately equal at 0.8 * arctan{sin θ/(n-cos θ) } to 1.2 * arctan{sin θ/(n-cos θ) scope in the value of trying to achieve.
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP165823/2002 | 2002-06-06 | ||
| JP2002165823A JP2004015408A (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2002-06-06 | Slot array antenna |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1523708A CN1523708A (en) | 2004-08-25 |
| CN100492765C true CN100492765C (en) | 2009-05-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB031274846A Expired - Fee Related CN100492765C (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2003-06-06 | Slot array antenna |
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| KR20170083949A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2017-07-19 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Wireless communication device with leaky wave phased array antenna |
| US10522900B2 (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2019-12-31 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Wireless communication device with leaky-wave phased array antenna |
| KR102505800B1 (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2023-03-06 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Wireless communication device with leaky wave phased array antenna |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1523708A (en) | 2004-08-25 |
| JP2004015408A (en) | 2004-01-15 |
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