CN100492742C - Liquid-glue diphasic anti-seeping and poisoned direct methanol fuel cell - Google Patents
Liquid-glue diphasic anti-seeping and poisoned direct methanol fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN100492742C CN100492742C CNB200710023791XA CN200710023791A CN100492742C CN 100492742 C CN100492742 C CN 100492742C CN B200710023791X A CNB200710023791X A CN B200710023791XA CN 200710023791 A CN200710023791 A CN 200710023791A CN 100492742 C CN100492742 C CN 100492742C
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- liquid
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- gel
- methanol
- fuel cell
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a liquid and gel phase leakage and toxicity-resistant direct methanol fuel battery, which comprises a shell, a methanol solution layer, a nonmetallic material multi-pore thin film, a gel layer, a proton exchange film assembly and an air layer. Based on the liquid and gel phase (layer) structure, liquid methanol of the present invention will not directly contact the proton exchange film but contacts the film through a special gel layer, thus solving problems on leakage and positive electrode toxicity and greatly improving battery power density. As the gel containing methanol is completely used, inconvenience in adding fuel (methanol) emerges. Therefore, the present invention adopt liquid and gel phase to solve problems on leakage and positive electrode toxicity and retain an advantage of conveniently refilling DMFC fuel.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of direct methanol fuel cell.
Background technology:
Direct methanol fuel cell (Direct Methanol Fuel Cell, DMFC) have that less energy consumption, energy density height, methyl alcohol source are abundant, low price, system is simple, operation is convenient, low noise advantages and cause people's extensive concern, be considered to the end and come automobile power and the most promising chemical power source of other vehicles, also can be widely used in the electrical equipment etc. that notebook computer, mobile phone etc. have movement requirement.Direct methanol fuel cell development at present faces two big key issues: the one, and the solid electrolyte film that extensively adopts in direct methanol fuel cell is the Nafion film that was designed for originally in the hydrogen-oxygen proton exchange membrane fuel cell, tangible methanol leakage (crossover) phenomenon is arranged, methyl alcohol directly penetrates the Nafion film and runs off, methanol fuel is lost in a large number, the DMFC power density descends, the negative electrode of methanol leakage arrival simultaneously reacts on negative electrode, causes the cathod catalyst poisoning and shortens battery life greatly; The 2nd, methyl alcohol is slower in the anode surface oxidation rate, produces carboxyl species such as the CO of strong adsorption at anode surface in the oxidizing process, poisons electrode, and electrode activity is reduced.
Mostly study at present as compound, the modification of the solid electrolyte film of proton exchange membrane etc. to reduce its seepage methyl alcohol.Document [1] is with chlorosulfonic acid solution sulfonation and the following four kinds of monomer M eSt of hydrolysis, tBuSt, DVB, the BVPE polymerization forms the ETFE film of high chemical stability, than Nafion film to low 6 times of the seepage of methyl alcohol.Document [2] has prepared sulfonation PPEK Doping Phosphorus wolframic acid hybrid films, to the seepage of methyl alcohol than low more than 20 times of Nafion117 film.Though the resistance leakage performance to methyl alcohol improves greatly, but still do not solve the leakage problems of methyl alcohol fully.
Therefore, by solving the methanol leakage problem in the direct methanol fuel cell, reduce its poisoning to cell cathode and anode catalyst, improve the performance of battery, simplify battery structure, reduce production cost of cells, significant to the commercialization that promotes direct methanol fuel cell.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind ofly can effectively solve the leakage problems of methyl alcohol on proton exchange membrane, improve the liquid-glue two-phase antiseep of performance of direct methanol fuel cells and the direct methanol fuel cell that poisons.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of liquid-glue two-phase antiseep and the direct methanol fuel cell that poisons, it is characterized in that: comprise housing, set gradually methanol solution layer, nonmetallic materials porous membrane, gel layer, proton exchange membrane module, air layer in the housing, wherein gel layer is to be made by the raw material of following weight item:
CH
3OH 5～60％
H
2SO
4 10～30％
H
2O 20～60％
Heteroacid 3～10%
Conducting polymer and/or metal dust 2～6%
Metallo-organic compound or slaine 5～30%.
Metallo-organic compound is titanate ester, silicate class, and slaine is a sodium metasilicate.Heteroacid is perfluorinated sulfonic acid, phosphotungstic acid, phosphomolybdic acid, silico-tungstic acid or phosphor tin acid.Conducting polymer is polyaniline or polypyrrole, and metal dust is Cu, Ag or Au powder.
The present invention has adopted liquid-glue two-phase (layer) formula structure, liquid methanol is not directly contacted with proton exchange membrane, but contact with proton exchange membrane by one deck special gel layer, thereby having solved seepage and anode poisons problem, the while has been improved power of battery density greatly.If all adopt the gels that are dissolved with methyl alcohol, then exist fuel (methyl alcohol) to add inconvenient problem again, so the present invention adopts liquid-glue two-phase formula, not only solved seepage and anode poisons problem, also keep DMFC fuel and added advantage easily again.
Description of drawings:
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Accompanying drawing is the configuration diagram of one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment:
A kind of liquid one glue two-phase antiseep and the direct methanol fuel cell that poisons, comprise housing 1, set gradually methanol solution layer 2, nonmetallic materials porous membrane 3, gel layer 4, proton exchange membrane module 5, air layer 6 in the housing 1, wherein gel layer 4 is to be made by the raw material of following weight item:
CH
3OH 20％
H
2SO
4 30％
H
2O 20％
Heteroacid 3%
Conducting polymer and/or metal dust 5%
Metallo-organic compound or slaine 22%.
Metallo-organic compound is titanate ester, silicate class, and slaine is a sodium metasilicate.Heteroacid is perfluorinated sulfonic acid, phosphotungstic acid, phosphomolybdic acid, silico-tungstic acid or phosphor tin acid.Conducting polymer is polyaniline or polypyrrole, and metal dust is Cu, Ag or Au powder.
During the preparation gel layer, with metallo-organic compound or slaine is presoma, and the methyl alcohol in flowing mutually is decentralized medium, adds sulfuric acid, water, form colloidal sol through hydrolysis, polycondensation reaction, and further mix heteroacid, polymer and/or metal dust are made the mobile phase of gel.
Operation principle of the present invention is:
During work, methanol solution partly enters gel layer with diffusion way from fuel storage, arrives Nafion film (proton exchange membrane) at last, simultaneously anode generation electrochemical oxidation under the effect of catalyst, product is carbon dioxide, proton and electronics, and proton passes proton exchange membrane and arrives negative electrode; Electronics then arrives negative electrode and forms electric current by external circuit, to load output electric energy.At negative electrode, electrochemical reduction takes place, oxygen combines with hydrogen proton and electronics, and product is a water.The overall process of battery is that methyl alcohol and oxygen react and generates carbon dioxide and water and produce electric energy.In addition, when methyl alcohol uses up, can directly add again, add advantage easily again so also kept DMFC fuel.
Embodiment 2:
The weight proportion of each raw material is in the gel layer preparation:
CH
3OH 40％
H
2SO
4 20％
H
2O 20％
Heteroacid 5%
Conducting polymer 3%
Metallo-organic compound or slaine 12%.Conducting polymer is polyaniline (or polypyrrole).
All the other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
The weight proportion of each raw material is in the gel layer preparation:
CH
3OH 50％
H
2SO
4 10％
H
2O 10％
Heteroacid 10%
Conducting polymer 5%
Metallo-organic compound or slaine 15%
All the other are with embodiment 2.
Embodiment 4:
The weight proportion of each raw material is in the gel layer preparation:
CH
3OH 50％
H
2SO
4 10％
H
2O 10％
Heteroacid 10%
Conducting polymer 2%
Metal dust 3%
Metallo-organic compound or slaine 15%.
All the other are with embodiment 2.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of liquid-glue two-phase antiseep and the direct methanol fuel cell that poisons, it is characterized in that: comprise housing, set gradually methanol solution layer, nonmetallic materials porous membrane, gel layer, proton exchange membrane module, air layer in the housing, wherein gel layer is to be made by the raw material of following weight item:
CH
3OH 5～60％
H
2SO
4 10～30％
H
2O 20～60％
Heteroacid 3～10%
Conducting polymer and/or metal dust 2～6%
Slaine 5～30%;
Wherein slaine is a sodium metasilicate, and heteroacid is perfluorinated sulfonic acid, phosphotungstic acid, phosphomolybdic acid, silico-tungstic acid or phosphor tin acid, and conducting polymer is polyaniline or polypyrrole, and metal dust is Cu, Ag or Au powder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200710023791XA CN100492742C (en) | 2007-07-11 | 2007-07-11 | Liquid-glue diphasic anti-seeping and poisoned direct methanol fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200710023791XA CN100492742C (en) | 2007-07-11 | 2007-07-11 | Liquid-glue diphasic anti-seeping and poisoned direct methanol fuel cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101110484A CN101110484A (en) | 2008-01-23 |
| CN100492742C true CN100492742C (en) | 2009-05-27 |
Family
ID=39042432
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200710023791XA Expired - Fee Related CN100492742C (en) | 2007-07-11 | 2007-07-11 | Liquid-glue diphasic anti-seeping and poisoned direct methanol fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100492742C (en) |
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2007
- 2007-07-11 CN CNB200710023791XA patent/CN100492742C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101110484A (en) | 2008-01-23 |
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