CN100491433C - Composite material of microporous polyurethane elastomer and its preparation - Google Patents
Composite material of microporous polyurethane elastomer and its preparation Download PDFInfo
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- CN100491433C CN100491433C CNB2006100211633A CN200610021163A CN100491433C CN 100491433 C CN100491433 C CN 100491433C CN B2006100211633 A CNB2006100211633 A CN B2006100211633A CN 200610021163 A CN200610021163 A CN 200610021163A CN 100491433 C CN100491433 C CN 100491433C
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Abstract
The present invention is one kind of composite material of microporous polyurethane elastomer and its preparation process. The recipe consists of polyether polyol 50-80 wt%, isocyanate 15-40 wt%, chain expander of alcohol 2-10 wt%, catalyst 0.05-1 wt%, montmorillonite 0-3 wt%, foaming agent 0-6 wt% and foam stabilizer 0.1 wt%. The preparation process includes the steps of: shearing and dispersing montmorillonite in polyether polyol, adding assistant, adding isocyanate via stirring, molding, stoving, cooling, deolding, etc to obtain the composite material of microporous polyurethane elastomer. By means of nanometer intercalation technology, the present invention prepares modified microporous polyurethane elastomer material with greatly raised stretch modulus.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the elastic composite field, be specifically related to a kind of composite material of microporous polyurethane elastomer and preparation method thereof, particularly relate to a kind of Nano filling enhanced composite material of microporous polyurethane elastomer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In the prior art, people can make the composite material of microporous polyurethane elastomer performance improve by the structure of regulating molecular chain in the polymerization process.On February 8th, 2000, U.S.'s patent 6022903 disclosed the manufacture method with the microporous polyurethane elastomer of inert gas blown.The applying date is that the Chinese patent literature that March 28, application number in 2003 are 03116062.x discloses the patent application of invention and created name for " production method of microporous polyurethane elastomer ", by adopting the retardance tertiary amine catalyst, optimized the physical and mechanical properties of product.
Above-mentioned patented method all adopts common material that microporous polyurethane elastomer is carried out modification, and the tensile modulus of prepared microporous polyurethane elastomer is on the low side, the material abscess is evenly poor, can not satisfy the application of special occasions such as national defence field.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of composite material of microporous polyurethane elastomer and preparation method thereof.Adopt the composite material of microporous polyurethane elastomer of the present invention's preparation, under the situation that toughness does not descend, tensile modulus has raising by a relatively large margin.
A kind of composite material of microporous polyurethane elastomer of the present invention, the quality percentage composition that its prescription is formed is:
Polyether glycol: 50%～80%
Isocyanic ester: 15%～40%
Alcohols chainextender: 2%～10%
Catalyzer: 0.05%～1%
Polynite: 0%～3%
Whipping agent: 0%～6%
Suds-stabilizing agent: 0.1%
Described polynite is an organo montmorillonite, and its quality percentage composition is: 0.5%～1.9%.
Described polyether glycol is that molecular weight is 1000～3000 polyoxytrimethylene ethoxylated polyhydric alcohol or polytetrahydrofuran polyvalent alcohol, and its quality percentage composition is 58%～65%.
Described isocyanic ester is that ammonia is ester modified 4,4 '-diphenylmethanediisocyanate, its-content of NCO base is (28 ± 1) %, its quality percentage composition is 28%～36%.
Described alcohols chainextender is the glycol of small molecular weight, the diol chain-extension agent consumption be polyvalent alcohol the quality percentage composition 4%～8%.
The glycol of described small molecular weight is 1,4-butyleneglycol or ethylene glycol.
It is a condensed ethandiol solution of 33% triethylene diamine that described catalyzer adopts volume content.
Described whipping agent adopts 1-one fluorine 1,1-ethylene dichloride.
The preparation method of composite material of microporous polyurethane elastomer of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
(1) polynite is added in the polyethers, through the speed down cut dispersion treatment of high-shearing dispersion emulsifying machine at 10000rpm, 1～2 hour treatment time;
(2) in the mixture that chainextender, catalyzer, whipping agent, suds-stabilizing agent adding step (1) are obtained, stir, the temperature of regulating mixture is 25 ℃～35 ℃ scopes;
(3) take by weighing isocyanic ester, be heated 25 ℃～35 ℃ temperature ranges;
(4) the metal die inwall that will have pouring slot and venting hole is coated releasing agent equably, and the oven dry releasing agent is heated to metal die 40 ℃～50 ℃ temperature ranges again;
(5) in the mixture that the adding step of the isocyanic ester in the step (3) (2) is obtained, under the rotating speed of machine,massing, stir 10s～25s at 1000rpm～3000rpm, rapidly mixture after being mixed is poured into then in the mould in the step (4), and the pouring slot of mould is sealed;
(6) mould of step (5) is put into baking oven and be heated to 100 ℃, insulation 1h, the cooling back demoulding obtains polyurethane micropore elastomer material.
The present invention is by adopting nano-intercalation technology, and in polynite, the polyurethane micropore elastomer material that makes modification is under the prerequisite that toughness does not descend substantially with the reactive monomer polyether glycol intercalation of urethane, and tensile modulus has raising by a relatively large margin.Preparation method of the present invention is simple, easy handling.
Embodiment
A kind of composite material of microporous polyurethane elastomer prescription of the present invention is formed (quality percentage composition):
Polyether glycol: 50%～80%
Isocyanic ester: 15%～40%
Alcohols chainextender: 2%～10%
Catalyzer: 0.05%～1%
Polynite: 0%～3%
Whipping agent: 0%～6%
Suds-stabilizing agent: 0.1%
During above-mentioned polyurethane micropore elastomer material was formed, described polyether glycol was polyoxytrimethylene ethoxylated polyhydric alcohol or polytetrahydrofuran polyvalent alcohol (being called for short PTMG), and it act as and forms the flexible polyurethane section.It is 1000～3000 polyether glycol that described polyether glycol is adopted as molecular weight, and it is 3000 TEP-330N that described polyoxytrimethylene ethoxylated polyhydric alcohol adopts molecular weight.
Described isocyanic ester adopts ammonia ester modified 4,4 '-diphenylmethanediisocyanate (being called for short modification MDI), its-mass content of NCO base be (28 ± 1) %, in its effect and polyethers or the chainextender-and OH reaction formation carbamate.
1 of the preferred small molecular weight of described alcohols chainextender, 4-butyleneglycol or ethylene glycol, itself and isocyanic ester constitute segmented polyurethane.
It is a condensed ethandiol solution of 33% triethylene diamine that described catalyzer adopts volume content.
Described polynite is an organo montmorillonite, and its sheet interlayer spacing is (2.19～2.05) nm.
Described whipping agent is 1-one fluorine 1,1-ethylene dichloride (be called for short HCFC-141b), and its effect is to utilize the vaporization of reaction liberated heat to form gas and foam.
Described suds-stabilizing agent is a silicone oil, and its effect is stable and refinement abscess.
The intercalation technique that the present invention adopts is meant that the method that adopts chemistry or physics is inserted into the molecule of the molecule of polymkeric substance or polymer monomer the sheet interlayer of polynite, the montmorillonite layer spacing is increased or peel off, thereby make montmorillonite layer be dispersed in technology in the polymkeric substance.
The preparation method of polyurethane micropore elastomer material of the present invention comprises the step of following order:
(1) polynite is added in the polyether glycol, utilize the speed down cut dispersion treatment of laboratory high-shearing dispersion emulsifying machine, in 1～2 hour treatment time, make it to be dispersed in the polyethers at 10000rpm;
(2) take by weighing chainextender, catalyzer, whipping agent, suds-stabilizing agent respectively, add in the polyethers of step (1), stir, with the temperature regulation of mixture to (25～35) ℃;
(3) take by weighing isocyanic ester, with its temperature regulation to (25～35) ℃;
(4) the metal die inwall that will have pouring slot and venting hole is coated releasing agent equably, and the oven dry releasing agent is heated to metal die (40～50) ℃ again;
(5) isocyanic ester in the step (3) is added the component of mixture of step (2), under the rotating speed of (1000～3000) rpm, stir (10～25) s, rapidly mixture after being mixed is poured in the mould in the step (4), pouring slot sealing with mould, when having treated that gas is emerged from venting hole venting hole is sealed, make it to form the system of a sealing;
(6) mould is placed in 100 ℃ the baking oven and heats 1h, the cooling back demoulding obtains composite material of microporous polyurethane elastomer.
Embodiment 1:
With molecular weight be 3000 polyoxytrimethylene ethoxylated polyhydric alcohol (be called for short polyethers, TEP-330N) in 120 ℃ vacuum drying oven, vacuumize and handle 1h, be cooled to room temperature, standby.With organo montmorillonite heat treated 1h in 120 ℃ baking oven, the cooling back is standby.Get 61.11 parts of polyether glycols, add 1.83 parts of organo montmorillonites, adopt the laboratory high-shearing dispersion emulsifying machine under the speed of 10000rpm organo montmorillonite to be dispersed in the polyether glycol, jitter time is 30min, and polyether glycol and organo montmorillonite are mixed.Add 7.09 part 1 in said mixture respectively, 4-butyleneglycol, 0.21 part of triethylene diamine, 0.12 part of suds-stabilizing agent are formed resin compound.Add 29.64 parts of modification MDI in said mixture, rapidly mixture is stirred, and be poured into 45 ℃ mould, at 100 ℃ of following slaking 2h, the cooling back demoulding obtains flaxen microporous polyurethane elastomer.
The density of prepared material is 0.78g/cm
3, hardness (Shao Er A) is 80, and tensile strength is 2.19MPa, and tensile modulus is 22.51MPa, and elongation at break is 52%.
Embodiment 2:
Present embodiment other with embodiment 1, difference is: polyether glycol is 61.86 parts, polynite is 0.62 part, 1, the 4-butyleneglycol is 7.18 parts, and triethylene diamine is 0.22 part, and suds-stabilizing agent is 0.12 part, modification MDI is 30.00 parts, and the performance of prepared material is: density of material is 0.78g/cm
3, hardness (Shao Er A) is 75, and tensile strength is 2.37MPa, and tensile modulus is 13.54MPa, and elongation at break is 67.4%.
Embodiment 3:
Present embodiment other with embodiment 1, difference is: polyether glycol is 61.98 parts, polynite is 0.43 part, 1, the 4-butyleneglycol is 7.19 parts, and triethylene diamine is 0.22 part, and suds-stabilizing agent is 0.12 part, modification MDI is 30.06 parts, and the performance of prepared material is: density of material is 0.78g/cm
3, hardness (Shao Er A) is 67, and tensile strength is 2.13MPa, and tensile modulus is 6.26MPa, and elongation at break is 64.6%.
Embodiment 4:
Present embodiment other with embodiment 1, difference is: polyether glycol is 62.05 parts, polynite is 0.31 part, 1, the 4-butyleneglycol is 7.20 parts, and triethylene diamine is 0.22 part, and suds-stabilizing agent is 0.12 part, modification MDI is 30.10 parts, and the performance of prepared material is: density of material is 0.78g/cm
3, hardness (Shao Er A) is 71, and tensile strength is 2.02MPa, and tensile modulus is 5.37MPa, and elongation at break is 69.4%.
Embodiment 5:
Present embodiment other with embodiment 1, difference is: polyether glycol is 62.13 parts, polynite is 0.19 part, 1, the 4-butyleneglycol is 7.21 parts, and triethylene diamine is 0.22 part, and suds-stabilizing agent is 0.12 part, modification MDI is 30.13 parts, and the performance of prepared material is: density of material is 0.78g/cm
3, hardness (Shao Er A) is 72, and tensile strength is 2.03MPa, and tensile modulus is 5.92MPa, and elongation at break is 66.4%.
Embodiment 6:
Present embodiment other with embodiment 1, difference is: polyether glycol is 62.21 parts, polynite is 0.06 part, 1, the 4-butyleneglycol is 7.22 parts, and triethylene diamine is 0.22 part, and suds-stabilizing agent is 0.12 part, modification MDI is 30.17 parts, and the performance of prepared material is: density of material is 0.78g/cm
3, hardness (Shao Er A) is 65, and tensile strength is 2.02MPa, and tensile modulus is 6.10MPa, and elongation at break is 61.6%.
Embodiment 7:
Present embodiment other with embodiment 1, difference is: add blowing agent H CFC-141b in resin matrix, wherein polyether glycol is 60.01 parts, and polynite is 0.60 part, 1, the 4-butyleneglycol is 6.96 parts, triethylene diamine is 0.21 part, and suds-stabilizing agent is 0.12 part, and modification MDI is 29.10 parts, HCFC-141b is 3.00 parts, and prepared density of material is 0.61g/cm
3, hardness (Shao Er A) is 55, and tensile strength is 1.17MPa, and tensile modulus is 2.91MPa, and elongation at break is 60.9%.
Embodiment 8:
Present embodiment other with embodiment 7, difference is: polyether glycol is 58.26 parts, polynite is 0.58 part, 1, the 4-butyleneglycol is 6.76 parts, and triethylene diamine is 0.20 part, suds-stabilizing agent is 0.12 part, modification MDI is 28.26 parts, and HCFC-141b is 5.83 parts, and prepared density of material is 0.44g/cm
3, hardness (Shao Er A) is 40, and tensile strength is 0.78MPa, and tensile modulus is 1.58MPa, and elongation at break is 79.3%.
Embodiment 9:
Present embodiment other with embodiment 1, difference is: chainextender is an ethylene glycol, wherein polyether glycol is 62.87 parts, polynite is 1.26 parts, ethylene glycol is 5.03 parts, and triethylene diamine is 0.22 part, and suds-stabilizing agent is 0.13 part, modification MDI is 30.49 parts, and the performance of prepared material is: density of material is 0.78g/cm
3, hardness (Shao Er A) is 80, and tensile strength is 2.65MPa, and tensile modulus is 14.26MPa, and elongation at break is 52.9%.
Embodiment 10:
Present embodiment other with embodiment 9, difference is: polyether glycol is 63.47 parts, polynite is 0.32 part, ethylene glycol is 5.08 parts, triethylene diamine is 0.22 part, suds-stabilizing agent is 0.13 part, and modification MDI is 30.78 parts, and the performance of prepared material is: density of material is 0.78g/cm
3, hardness (Shao Er A) is 84, and tensile strength is 2.23MPa, and tensile modulus is 7.81MPa, and elongation at break is 55.8%.
Embodiment 17:
With molecular weight is that 1000 polytetrahydrofuran polyvalent alcohol vacuumizes in 120 ℃ vacuum drying oven and handles 1h, is cooled to room temperature, standby.With organo montmorillonite heat treated 1h in 120 ℃ baking oven, the cooling back is standby.Get 58.44 parts of polytetrahydrofuran polyvalent alcohols, add 0.58 part of organo montmorillonite, adopt the laboratory high-shearing dispersion emulsifying machine under the speed of 10000rpm organo montmorillonite to be dispersed in the polyether glycol, jitter time is 30min, and polyether glycol and organo montmorillonite are mixed.Add 4.77 part 1 in said mixture respectively, 4-butyleneglycol, 0.20 part of triethylene diamine, 0.12 part of suds-stabilizing agent are formed resin compound.Add 35.88 parts of modification MDI in said mixture, rapidly mixture is stirred, and be poured into 45 ℃ mould, at 100 ℃ of following slaking 2h, the cooling back demoulding obtains flaxen microporous polyurethane elastomer.
The density of prepared material is 0.78g/cm
3, hardness (Shao Er A) is 57, and tensile strength is 2.28MPa, and tensile modulus is 5.43MPa, and elongation at break is 92%.
Comparative Examples 1:
Polyethers (TEP330N) is vacuumized processing 1h in 120 ℃ vacuum drying oven, be cooled to room temperature, take by weighing 62.25 parts of polyether glycols, add 7.22 part 1 then respectively, 4-butyleneglycol, 0.22 part of triethylene diamine, 0.12 part of suds-stabilizing agent are formed resin compound.Add 30.19 parts of modification MDI in said mixture, rapidly mixture is stirred, and be poured into 45 ℃ mould, at 100 ℃ of following slaking 2h, the cooling back demoulding obtains flaxen microporous polyurethane elastomer.The performance of prepared material is: density of material is 0.78g/cm
3, hardness (Shao Er A) is 65, and tensile strength is 1.84MPa, and tensile modulus is 4.82MPa, and elongation at break is 68.1%.
Comparative Examples 2:
Polyethers (TEP330N) is vacuumized processing 1h in 120 ℃ vacuum drying oven, be cooled to room temperature, take by weighing 63.67 parts of polyether glycols, add 5.09 parts of ethylene glycol, 0.22 part of triethylene diamine, 0.13 part of suds-stabilizing agent then respectively, form resin compound.Add 30.88 parts of modification MDI in said mixture, rapidly mixture is stirred, and be poured into 45 ℃ mould, at 100 ℃ of following slaking 2h, the cooling back demoulding obtains flaxen microporous polyurethane elastomer.The performance of prepared material is: density of material is 0.78g/cm
3, hardness (Shao Er A) is 84, and tensile strength is 2.24MPa, and tensile modulus is 7.55MPa, and elongation at break is 56.4%.
Comparative Examples 3:
Polyethers (PTMG) is vacuumized processing 1h in 120 ℃ vacuum drying oven, be cooled to room temperature, take by weighing 58.79 parts of polyether glycols, add 4.80 part 1 then, 4-butyleneglycol, 0.21 part of triethylene diamine, 0.12 part of suds-stabilizing agent are formed resin compound.Add 36.09 parts of modification MDI in said mixture, rapidly mixture is stirred, and be poured into 45 ℃ mould, at 100 ℃ of following slaking 2h, the cooling back demoulding obtains flaxen microporous polyurethane elastomer.The performance of prepared material is: density of material is 0.78g/cm
3, hardness (Shao Er A) is 59, and tensile strength is 1.64MPa, and tensile modulus is 3.17MPa, and elongation at break is 88.4%.
Comprehensive the foregoing description and Comparative Examples, mainly the performance of prescription and prepared material is listed in table 1.As can be seen from Table 1, microporous polyurethane elastomer foamy tensile strength and tensile modulus increase along with the increase of organo montmorillonite consumption, particularly when the consumption of organic polynite be the polyether glycol consumption 1% the time, made microporous polyurethane elastomer foam is compared with Comparative Examples 1, its tensile strength has increased by 28.8%, tensile modulus has increased by 180.9%, and elongation at break is constant substantially; The consumption of organo montmorillonite is 3% o'clock of polyether glycol consumption, and made microporous polyurethane elastomer foam is compared with Comparative Examples 1, and its tensile strength has increased by 19.0%, and tensile modulus has increased by 367.0%.Adopting ethylene glycol to make chainextender also has similar result, when the consumption of organic polynite be the polyether glycol consumption 2% the time, made microporous polyurethane elastomer foam is compared with Comparative Examples 2, its tensile strength has increased by 18.3%, tensile modulus has increased by 88.9%.Adopting the polytetrahydrofuran polyvalent alcohol is raw material, when the consumption of organic polynite be polytetrahydrofuran polyvalent alcohol consumption 1% the time, made microporous polyurethane elastomer foam is compared with Comparative Examples 3, its tensile strength has increased by 39.0%, tensile modulus has increased by 71.3%.
Claims (7)
1. composite material of microporous polyurethane elastomer is characterized in that:
(1) the quality percentage composition of composition of raw materials composition is:
Polyether glycol: 50%～80%
Isocyanic ester: 15%～40%
Alcohols chainextender: 2%～10%
Catalyzer: 0.05%～1%
Whipping agent: 0%～6%
Suds-stabilizing agent: 0.1%
Organo montmorillonite: 0.5%～1.9%
(2) preparation method of matrix material may further comprise the steps:
A. polynite is added in the polyethers, through the speed down cut dispersion treatment of high-shearing dispersion emulsifying machine at 10000rpm, 1～2 hour treatment time;
B. in the mixture that chainextender, catalyzer, whipping agent, suds-stabilizing agent adding step a are obtained, stir, the temperature of regulating mixture is 25 ℃～35 ℃ scopes;
C. take by weighing isocyanic ester, be heated 25 ℃～35 ℃ temperature ranges;
The metal die inwall that d. will have pouring slot and venting hole is coated releasing agent equably, and the oven dry releasing agent is heated to metal die 40 ℃～50 ℃ temperature ranges again;
E. in the mixture that the adding of the isocyanic ester among step c step b is obtained, under the rotating speed of machine,massing, stir 10s～25s at 1000rpm～3000rpm, rapidly mixture after being mixed is poured into then in the mould in the steps d, and the pouring slot of mould is sealed;
F. the mould of step e is put into baking oven and be heated to 100 ℃, insulation 1h, the cooling back demoulding obtains polyurethane micropore elastomer material.
2. composite material of microporous polyurethane elastomer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described polyether glycol is that molecular weight is 1000～3000 polyoxytrimethylene ethoxylated polyhydric alcohol or polytetrahydrofuran polyvalent alcohol, and its quality percentage composition is 58%～65%.
3. composite material of microporous polyurethane elastomer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described isocyanic ester is an ammonia ester modified 4,4 '-diphenylmethanediisocyanate, its-content of NCO base is (28 ± 1) %, its quality percentage composition is 28%～36%.
4. composite material of microporous polyurethane elastomer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described alcohols chainextender is the glycol of small molecular weight, the glycol consumption be polyvalent alcohol the quality percentage composition 4%～8%.
5. composite material of microporous polyurethane elastomer according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the glycol of described small molecular weight is 1,4-butyleneglycol or ethylene glycol.
6. composite material of microporous polyurethane elastomer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: it is a condensed ethandiol solution of 33% triethylene diamine that described catalyzer adopts volume content.
7. composite material of microporous polyurethane elastomer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described whipping agent adopts 1-one fluorine 1,1-ethylene dichloride.
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| CN101885854B (en) * | 2009-05-11 | 2013-09-11 | 陈罘杲 | Method for preparing nanometer modified elastomer material with double penetration effect |
| CN103613737B (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-08-05 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | A kind of High-temperature-respolyurethane polyurethane foam and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104262568A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2015-01-07 | 苏州市景荣科技有限公司 | High-bending-resistance PU (polyurethane) shoe material and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN109535375B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2021-06-25 | 广东石油化工学院 | Preparation method of highly-stripped two-dimensional nanosheet-reinforced polyurethane composite material |
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