CN100489437C - Shell-and-tube type heat exchanger employing crossed spiral tube - Google Patents
Shell-and-tube type heat exchanger employing crossed spiral tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN100489437C CN100489437C CNB200610089640XA CN200610089640A CN100489437C CN 100489437 C CN100489437 C CN 100489437C CN B200610089640X A CNB200610089640X A CN B200610089640XA CN 200610089640 A CN200610089640 A CN 200610089640A CN 100489437 C CN100489437 C CN 100489437C
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tube-shell type heat exchanger which used the U-shaped cross-helical tube, involving an engine exhaust recycle heat exchanger. For improving the engine exhaust recycle system, accelerating the exhaust cooling and increasing the heat exchange efficiency. The heat exchanger includes the heat exchange tube, shell and the tube board, the heat exchange tube is the U shaped siphon, whose two ends fixed on the same tube board, the heat exchange tube is the stainless steel tube which has the entad raised cross-helical groove on the surface, the cross is the 'X'-shaped, the section shape of the stainless steel pipe is a special flat shape, and the height and width of the section shape in the flat shape heat exchange tube are unlikeness. Because of the application of the cross-helical heat exchange tube, the tube inside and outside produce the turbulent flow, not easy to dirty and increase the heat exchange efficiency. The heat exchanger has a compact structure, is particularly suitable for the exhaust gas recycle coolers of a vehicle engine, reduce the discharge of the nitrogen oxygen compound and enhance the exhaust discharge performance indicators, at the same time, the invention can also be used as the mid cooler of a turbocharger system to improve the engine performance.
Description
Technical field
The shell-and-tube heat exchanger of a kind of employing crossed spiral pipe of the present invention relates to a kind of waste gas recycle heat exchanger of engine, is a kind of inlet and outlet attachment device of engine, is the heat exchanger of the passage traversed by of a kind of heat exchanger tube and heat exchange medium.
Background technology
The application of heat exchanger in industrial production is very general, for example all obtained extensive use, and in some industrial enterprises, had very consequence in all departments such as chemical industry, power, metallurgy, food, oil refining, building, machine-building, medicine and Aero-Space.Therefore the heat exchanging device is optimized design to improve its heat exchange efficiency, and is extremely important concerning every profession and trade.Along with countries in the world require more and more strictness to discharge standard, the optimal design of heat exchanger is particularly important to automobile industry in the automobile exhaust gas recirculated cooling system.
Cooler for recycled exhaust gas is the nucleus equipment of waste gas recirculation cooling technology, and the application of cooler can effectively reduce the discharge capacity of oxynitrides.The principle of waste gas recirculation cooling technology is: guarantee under the prerequisite that combustion engine powered property do not reduce, the part waste gas of engine being discharged according to the temperature of internal combustion engine and payload by the cooler for recycled exhaust gas cooling after, send air inlet pipe again back to, enter cylinder once more after mixing with incoming mixture and participate in burning, so promptly reduced the temperature of cylinder, having introduced not again, active gases (mainly is CO
2), reduced nitrogen content, the reaction condition of nitrogen and oxygen is lacked, the speed of combustion reaction slows down, thereby reduces the discharge capacity of oxynitrides (NOx), reaches the technology that suppresses or reduce NOx generation and discharging.Therefore in gas recirculation system, having efficiently, cooler for recycled exhaust gas can make the discharge capacity of automobile reach higher standard.
At present, the heat exchanger used of vehicle engine exhaust gas recirculation system has two big classes.
The first kind is a plate-fin heat exchanger, is by the secondary surface composition between a lot of piece thin plates and plate, and two subsurfaces are both as the rib face, can play the tube sheet spacing again and strengthen the effect of rigidity, this type of heat converter structure complexity, manufacturing cost height.But along with the raising of stainless steel preservative treatment technology and soldering processes technology, plate-fin heat exchanger is considered to one of up-and-coming heat-exchange apparatus.Also considered the high efficiency design advantage of plate-fin heat exchanger in the design of the present invention.
Second class is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and shell-and-tube exchanger is that many parallel pipes (claiming these parallel pipes to be tube bank) are set in a cylindrical shell, and cold and hot two kinds of fluids flow through the exchange of carrying out heat from managing interior space (pipe side) and managing the external space (shell-side) respectively; Usually can the shell-side device longitudinal baffle parallel with tube bank or with restrain vertical deflection plate; To improve flow rate of fluid and to strengthen disturbance, improve heat exchange efficiency; This type of heat converter structure is simple, and selection range is wide, but heat exchange efficiency is lower, uses wider at emission request than low country.
The shell-and-tube heat exchanger that generally uses now is to arrange cross section that a kind of surface the has inwardly protruded helical groove heat exchanger tube as the stainless steel tube of circle in housing in proper order, and heat exchange efficiency has improved many relatively.This cross sectional shape is very extensive comparatively speaking at present for being applied in of circular helical groove heat exchange tube; But along with the requirement of environmental regulation to motor vehicle exhaust emission improves day by day, existing these heat exchangers as cooler for recycled exhaust gas can not satisfy the needs of future development and the market of keen competition.In order to satisfy environmental regulation to the requirement of the motor vehicle exhaust emission that improves day by day and enhance one's market competitiveness, this heat exchanger as exhaust gas recirculation cooling device commonly used needs constantly to improve, and has considered the shell-and-tube heat exchanger advantage of simple structure in the design of the present invention.
In a word, for improving the discharge performance index of engine, making waste gas recirculation cooling system have higher heat exchange efficiency, is the transformation key of heat exchanger.
The content of invention
The present invention can not satisfy the present situation that following automobile exhaust emission standard requires at above-mentioned heat exchanger as cooling device in the cooling system for recycled exhaust gas at present commonly used and propose; Its objective is the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of a kind of pipe of employing crossed spiral efficiently of design, be particularly suited for being applied in the automobile engine system, under the prerequisite that does not influence engine performance, as exhaust gas recirculation cooling device improving the performance indications of motor vehicle emission, or as the charge air cooler of turbo charge system to improve engine performance.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of shell-and-tube heat exchanger of employing crossed spiral pipe comprises: housing, heat exchanger tube, tube sheet; Housing one end opening, end sealing; One end of shell nozzle is sealed by tube sheet, and described heat exchanger tube is " U " font bend pipe, and two ends are fixed on on the tube sheet, and it is special flat-shaped that the cross sectional shape of described heat exchanger tube is, and its height and the width are unequal; The cross section is made up of with two relative minor faces two relative long limits, in serving as reasons in described long limit to the camber line or the straight line of outer lug, in described minor face is also served as reasons to the camber line or the straight line of outer lug, and linking to each other of long limit and minor face slyness, the outer surface of heat exchanger tube has continuous two inside recessed helical grooves that the hand of spiral is opposite, the groove intersection is " X " shape, and the inner surface of heat exchanger tube has and the corresponding cross-helicity projection of outer surface groove, and the two ends of body are smooth section.
The two ends of described heat exchanger tube are weldingly fixed on the same tube sheet in the housing, and the degree of crook of heat exchanger tube and housing be complementary, and body is arranged in the housing in proper order.Described heat exchanger tube is made up of two opposite helical grooves of direction of rotation, and the intersection is " X " shape.The long limit and the minor face of described heat exchanger tube all are made up of circular arc, and long limit arc radius is more a lot of greatly than minor face arc radius, the linking to each other of four circular arc slynesses.The long limit of described heat exchanger tube and minor face are all by rectilinear(-al), and long limit and minor face are by the circular arc smooth connection.The long limit of described heat exchanger tube is a straight line, and minor face is a semi arch.The cross sectional shape ovalize of described heat exchanger tube, and the ratio of major axis and minor axis is not more than 4.The lead angle of described helical groove is 20～75 degree.Described depth of groove is greater than 0.4mm.Housing be shaped as rectangle, circle, form such as square.Be furnished with deflection plate in the described housing.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: owing to used crossing spiral recess heat-exchanging pipe, when waste gas flows in pipe by heat exchanger tube, be subjected to the guiding of cross-helicity groove line, near wall crisscross motion vertically, the projection of cross-helicity shape also makes the fluid of crisscross motion produce periodic disturbance mutually simultaneously, tube fluid is substantially based on turbulent flow, telling on is the raising of heat exchange effect, the faster cooling of waste gas in the pipe, in other words the gas temperature at heat exchanger exit is lower, can produce better exhaust gas utilization effect.Owing to adopt the arrangement of U-shaped pipe, fully take into account the reasonable utilization in space in the housing, and the layout of heat exchanger tube compactness wherein, guarantees under equal volume size, can effectively carry out heat exchange.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Description of drawings
When Fig. 1 is rectangle for the housing cross sectional shape, be example a kind of arrangement schematic diagram in housing with a kind of flat-shaped helical groove heat exchange tube;
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-section at heat exchanger tube sheet shown in Figure 1 place;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of flat-shaped U font helical groove heat exchange tube for cross sectional shape;
Fig. 4 is first kind of cross sectional shape schematic diagram of heat exchanger tube shown in Figure 3;
Fig. 5 is second kind of cross sectional shape schematic diagram of heat exchanger tube shown in Figure 3;
Fig. 6 is the third cross sectional shape schematic diagram of heat exchanger tube shown in Figure 3;
Fig. 7 is the 4th a kind of cross sectional shape schematic diagram of heat exchanger tube shown in Figure 3.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one:
Be respectively the perspective view of first embodiment of the invention and the schematic cross-section at tube sheet place shown in Fig. 1,2.What the sequence number among the figure was represented is: 1. housing, and 2. heat exchanger tube, 3. tube sheet, 4. waste gas is imported and exported, 5. deflection plate.Be illustrated in figure 1 as a kind of arrangement schematic diagram of flat-shaped cross-helicity pipe in the U-shaped pipe heat exchanger.One end of housing 1 is provided with opening, and opening part is provided with tube sheet 3, and the two ends of U-shaped heat exchanger tube 2 (being exhaust gas inlet end and waste gas outlet end 4) is assemblied in the homonymy of tube sheet; Import and export 4 junction end faces with waste gas on the tube sheet 3 and have the fixedly through hole of U-shaped heat exchanger tube; Heat exchanger tube 2 is made up of two straight lengths and a bend loss, and shape is the U font.The two ends of U-shaped heat exchanger tube are welded on respectively on the through hole of with it corresponding tube sheet, and are parallel to each other and are fixed in the housing; Air inlet place near tube sheet on housing 1 is provided with cooling medium inlet, and the corresponding shell opposite side is provided with the cooling medium outlet with it.The housings close end is the curved surface setting consistent with the bend pipe shape.
The outer surface of heat exchange tube body have inwardly recessed interrupted or continuously, one or more helical groove is arranged in a crossed manner, and the inner surface of heat exchange tube body has and the corresponding cross-helicity projection of outer surface groove, the two ends of body are smooth section.Flat-shaped cross-helicity pipe is " U " font bend pipe, and heat exchanger tube is the stainless steel body that the surface has two mutual intersections and inwardly protruded helical groove, and the helical groove infall is " X " shape.This spiral salient can be more than two.The cross sectional shape of helical groove can be set to " U " shape, " V " shape or circular arc, is beneficial to the generation of small size shape face.The groove lead angle is designed between 20～75 degree, and depth of groove is not less than 0.4mm.This set of crossing spiral recess pipe can make fluid produce turbulent flow fully in pipe; Simultaneously,, simplify difficulty of processing,, make all surface all can carry out heat exchange fully well, thoroughly eliminated the heat exchange dead angle so all acute angles of cross section all are designed to arc transition in order to ensure economical and practical.In the crossing spiral recess heat-exchanging pipe section is arranged, when waste gas flows in pipe by heat exchanger tube, be subjected to the guiding of helicla flute line, to move vertically simultaneously near wall, spiral projection also makes fluid produce periodic disturbance.Preceding kind effect helps reducing the fluid boundary layer thickness; The back is a kind of to act on the disturbance that can cause fluid particle in the boundary layer, thereby can accelerate by the heat transmission of wall to bodies of fluid.Run into the inhibition at spiral salient position specifically when waste gas, flow direction changes, and produces complicated secondary stream vortex flow; Simultaneously because the direction of rotation of crossing spiral recess is opposite, strong collision takes place at infall in the fluid along screw, make the disturbance of fluid strengthen, moreover, because the inhibition of spiral has also formed vortex in the back of spiral salient, increased the turbulivity of waste gas, especially increased disturbance to the near wall region boundary layer, destroy or attenuate the boundary layer of fluid, thereby strengthened heat exchange; Simultaneously, the enhancing of flow disturbance makes critical Reynolds number reduce, promptly take place ahead of time from the transformation of laminar flow to turbulent flow, tube fluid produces and rotatablely moves consumingly, and the heat exchanging tube wall has souring strongly, and spiral grooved tube itself has the thermal compensation ability, expand with heat and contract with cold, tube wall is less scaling, and, even fouling, snaking are also more convenient.In addition, the fin of this intersection has strengthened the mechanical strength of heat exchanger tube.
Fig. 3 is a kind of perspective view of flat-shaped crossing spiral recess heat-exchanging pipe of the present invention; As shown in the figure, the cross sectional shape of body is flat-shaped, and the cross section is made up of with two relative minor faces two relative long limits, wherein, in serving as reasons, described long limit, to the camber line or the straight line of outer lug, grows linking to each other of limit and minor face slyness in described minor face is also served as reasons to the camber line or the straight line of outer lug.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram under first kind of cross sectional shape of flat-shaped crossing spiral recess heat-exchanging pipe shown in Figure 3.What sequence number was represented among the figure is: 21. helical grooves, 22. groove infalls, long limit, 23. cross sections, 24. cross section minor faces.Realize the heat exchange of maximal efficiency for the surface that makes full use of heat exchanger tube, and be easy to production and processing, present embodiment has the heat exchanger tube body under helical groove 21 situations, and long limit 23, its cross section and cross section minor face 24 all are arranged to arc, and the linking to each other of long limit, cross section and cross section minor face slyness.As shown in Figure 4, the arc radius on long limit, cross section is far longer than the radius of minor face, the phenomenon that the surface " subsides " can not occur like this.
Arrange in the cooler for recycled exhaust gas that cross sectional shape is that flat-shaped spiral heat exchange tube is compared with currently used round screw thread heat exchanger tube; At first, under the constant prerequisite of the volume that guarantees cooler and exhaust gas flow, just under the situation that the heat exchanger tube area of section is constant, the perimeter of section of flat pipe is greater than the perimeter of section of pipe, thereby the heat exchange area of flat pipe is greater than the heat exchange area of pipe, and then improved the heat exchange area of whole heat exchanger, make heat exchanger reach higher heat exchange effect.
The arrangement of heat exchanger tube fully takes into account the reasonable utilization in space in the housing in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of employing crossed spiral pipe, and the layout of heat exchanger tube compactness wherein, can effectively carry out heat exchange, when at first waste gas is flowed through U-shaped Guan Yiduan, carry out heat exchange with the outer cooling agent of pipe, when waste gas streams the other end, continue and the cooling agent heat-shift, this process makes heat exchange abundant, effectively reduces the temperature of waste gas, improves the heat exchange efficiency of heat exchanger.
Simultaneously, the present invention improves performance as starting point to save cost, for organically integrating, engine exhaust recirculated cooling system and dynamical system provide technology platform, saved between engine air greatly and volume, reduced unnecessary setting effectively, when improving engine performance, greatly save manufacturing cost for the producer.
The shell-and-tube heat exchanger of employing crossed spiral pipe can guarantee under equal volume size with the design and the rational layout of its compactness among the present invention, this heat exchanger is as the cooling device of gas recirculation system, can obtain bigger cooling effect, improve the discharge performance index of automobile engine greatly, satisfy higher environment protection emission requirement.Equally,, can improve the power and the moment of torsion of engine to greatest extent, improve the performance of engine as the charge air cooler of pressure charging system in the automotive fittings.
Embodiment two:
Fig. 5 is the heat exchanger tube profile in the present embodiment.The difference of present embodiment and the described embodiment of above-mentioned Fig. 4 is that the cross sectional shape of stainless steel body is flat, and two relative long limits are straight line, and relative short edge is the semicircle cambered surface of curved projection from inside to outside, and such setting can improve heat exchange efficiency.
The flat-shaped spiral heat exchange tube of being arranged in the cooler for recycled exhaust gas not only increases to some extent than the heat exchange area of pipe, and the disturbance of tube fluid is played the effect of reinforcement.Because flat pipe is not centrosymmetric shape with respect to pipe, the geometric center of flat-shaped helix tube is littler than the distance of round screw thread tube and tube wall with the distance of tube wall, most of fluid in the pipe can participate in heat exchange, and the shape of flat pipe makes the disturbance of fluid strengthen, the heat exchange effect strengthens, thereby wanting that the temperature of tube fluid descends is fast, and the temperature difference of import and export increases, and heat exchange efficiency improves.
Embodiment three:
Fig. 6 is the heat exchanger tube profile in the present embodiment.Present embodiment is a distortion on the basis of the described embodiment of above-mentioned Fig. 4, with coupling together of the whole cross section slyness of heat exchanger tube, promptly, under the situation of the cross sectional shape of removing helical groove, the cross sectional shape of body is arranged to ellipse for convenient processing;
Embodiment four:
Fig. 7 is the heat exchanger tube profile in the present embodiment.The semicircular arc transition is set between present embodiment the two sides that heat exchanger tube is adjacent connects, the cross sectional shape of helical groove is removed in this heat exchanger tube cross section, and the cross sectional shape of stainless steel body is rectangle, and links to each other by circular arc chamfering between the adjacent two sides; This set makes heat exchange efficiency effectively to be increased.
The non-centrosymmetry of flat-shaped helix tube is with respect to the helix tube of circle, different arrangement modes can produce different effects, therefore according to different demands, can have multiple on the mode of the layout of heat exchanger tube, heat exchanger tube in-line arrangement, wrong row or in-line arrangement and wrong row use simultaneously, the effect difference that different arrangement modes makes the outer flow of coolant generation disturbance of pipe, thereby the heat exchange of outer fluid in also can reinforced pipe, the heat exchange efficiency of enhancing heat exchanger;
Below just shown the arrangement of several typical heat exchanger tubes in U-shaped cross-helicity heat exchanger tube heat exchanger of the present invention, wherein can revise about length, number and the heat exchanger tube arrangement mode in housing of heat exchanger tube; The rational deployment of heat exchanger tube can reinforced pipe the disturbance of outer cooling agent, improve the heat exchange effect of heat exchanger, thereby improve the discharge performance index of automobile engine, satisfy the environment protection emission requirement of increasingly stringent.
It should be noted last that, below only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to the preferred arrangement scheme, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention (such as the arrangement mode of heat exchanger tube in housing), and not break away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of shell-and-tube heat exchanger of employing crossed spiral pipe comprises: housing, heat exchanger tube, tube sheet; Housing one end opening, end sealing; One end of shell nozzle is sealed by tube sheet, and described heat exchanger tube is " U " font bend pipe, and two ends are fixed on the tube sheet, and it is special flat-shaped that the cross sectional shape of described heat exchanger tube is, and its height and the width are unequal; The cross section is made up of with two relative minor faces two relative long limits, in serving as reasons in described long limit to the camber line or the straight line of outer lug, in described minor face is also served as reasons to the camber line or the straight line of outer lug, and linking to each other of long limit and minor face slyness, it is characterized in that: the outer surface of heat exchanger tube has continuous two inside recessed helical grooves that the hand of spiral is opposite, the groove intersection is " X " shape, the inner surface of heat exchanger tube has and the corresponding cross-helicity projection of outer surface groove, and the two ends of body are smooth section.
2, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of a kind of employing crossed spiral pipe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the two ends of described heat exchanger tube are weldingly fixed on the same tube sheet in the housing, and the degree of crook and the housing of heat exchanger tube are complementary, and body is arranged in the housing in proper order.
3, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of a kind of employing crossed spiral pipe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the long limit and the minor face of described heat exchanger tube all are made up of circular arc, and long limit arc radius is more a lot of greatly than minor face arc radius, the linking to each other of four circular arc slynesses.
4, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of a kind of employing crossed spiral pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the long limit of described heat exchanger tube and minor face are all by rectilinear(-al), and long limit and minor face are by the circular arc smooth connection.
5, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of a kind of employing crossed spiral pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the long limit of described heat exchanger tube is a straight line, and minor face is a semi arch.
6, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of a kind of employing crossed spiral pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the cross sectional shape ovalize of described heat exchanger tube, and the ratio of major axis and minor axis is not more than 4.
7, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of a kind of employing crossed spiral pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the lead angle of described helical groove is 20～75 degree.
8, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of a kind of employing crossed spiral pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described depth of groove is greater than 0.4mm.
9, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of a kind of employing crossed spiral pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: housing be shaped as rectangle, circle, square form.
10, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of a kind of employing crossed spiral pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be furnished with deflection plate in the described housing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB200610089640XA CN100489437C (en) | 2006-07-07 | 2006-07-07 | Shell-and-tube type heat exchanger employing crossed spiral tube |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB200610089640XA CN100489437C (en) | 2006-07-07 | 2006-07-07 | Shell-and-tube type heat exchanger employing crossed spiral tube |
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| CN101101186A CN101101186A (en) | 2008-01-09 |
| CN100489437C true CN100489437C (en) | 2009-05-20 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101240958B (en) * | 2008-03-14 | 2010-10-06 | 阿尔西制冷工程技术（北京）有限公司 | Pipe shell type ultra- short -type evaporator |
| CN102313478A (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2012-01-11 | 上海科米钢管有限公司 | Heat exchange equipment utilizing flat type spiral heat exchange tubes |
| CN103940258A (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2014-07-23 | 李华彬 | Grading liquid temperature regulation system |
| CN109029051A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-12-18 | 浙江环宸超通量管科技有限公司 | A kind of square spiral flat pipe heat exchanger and its manufacturing method |
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Address after: 100124 Chen Jialin, 9 hospital, eight Li Zhuang village, Gaobeidian Township, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 7 floor 705, 706 rooms, building 1, Co-patentee after: Jinzhou Meilianqiao Automobile Parts Co., Ltd. Patentee after: Beijing United Bridge Technology Group Co., Ltd. Address before: 100022 room 2503, block A, North office building, Jian Wai SOHO, 39 East Third Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing. Co-patentee before: Jinzhou Meilianqiao Automobile Parts Co., Ltd. Patentee before: Meilianqioa Sci. & Tech. Development Co., Ltd., Beijing |
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