CN100488576C - Intelligent cerebrospinal fluid displacement instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The intelligent cerebrospinal fluid replacing instrument consists of two parts, including a disposable replacing cylinder and a driving and controlling device capable of being reused. Inside the replacing cylinder with replacing port for the drainage pipe to be connected on and sucker, artificial cerebrospinal fluid is held. The driving and controlling device includes mainly a mechanical driving unit and an automatic control unit. The present invention has a program driven pushing and sucking pump with constant speed and constant displacement, and parameters capable of being set based on disease condition, so that it has intelligently controlled speed, time and pushing and sucking amount of the replaced cerebrospinal fluid and is scientific, accurate, safe and efficient.

Description

A kind of intelligent cerebrospinal fluid displacement instrument

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of armarium, particularly a kind of intelligent cerebrospinal fluid displacement instrument is mainly used in the cerebrospinal fluid that courage and uprightness, inflammatory or the abnormal immune thing of the cavitas subarachnoidealis spinalis that purification causes by the various patient's condition pollute.

Background technology

Proved already, remove blood, inflammatory or abnormal immune material in the human body cerebrospinal fluid, it is the cerebrospinal fluid displacement technology, be the major disease of treatment and prevention serious threat human health---a kind of effective ways of hemorrhagic apoplexy (as subarachnoid hemorrhage, ventricular hemorrhage), central nervous system infection (as tuberculosis, suppurative, mycotic and viral meningitis etc.) and demyelinating neuropathy and complication thereof, the clinical value of generally acknowledged this technology of people at present.The existing main operational approach of this technology is: after row lumbar vertebra or the ventricular puncture, through the body cavity extraction and remove a certain amount of ill cerebrospinal fluid, the normal saline of the equivalent of reinjecting or woods Ge Shi liquid repeat aforesaid operations to the patient again after staying for some time with ordinary syringe.Through the artificial replacement of " it is clear to inhale turbid notes " repeatedly, make ill cerebrospinal fluid progressively be injected into liquid and dilute and reach the purpose of removing harmful substance composition in the cerebrospinal fluid.The cerebrospinal fluid displacement technology also has means such as liquid input method, two drainage tube displacement methods, but these simple and crude artificial or semi-automatic operation methods are big because of randomness, be difficult to quantification etc. and have many drawbacks: one, can't accurately control replacing velocity, amount of fluid and displacement and the time of staying, its curative effect instability that often causes lack of standardization of operating process, limit extensive popularization, pressed high and the too fast case of replacing velocity, the cerebral hernia death that happens suddenly of can die-offing because of body cavity is intrinsic pressure if meet cranium simultaneously; Its two, frequently be exposed in the air and operate, increased the chance of body cavity nosocomial infection; They are three years old, used displacement liquid is not and the very approaching liquid of human body cerebrospinal fluid composition at present, but only close normal saline or woods Ge Shi liquid with human blood part electrolyte, not taking its osmotic pressure, pH value and other fully into account must the material composition and the influence of differing greatly of human body cerebrospinal fluid, and a large amount of displacements certainly will cause harmful effect to human body; Its four, the time-consuming difficulty of manual operation is adhered to.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, has proposed a kind of cerebrospinal fluid displacement instrument that can accurately control the full-automation of replacing velocity, time and liquid measure.

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, a kind of intelligent cerebrospinal fluid displacement instrument, be characterized in: it mainly is made of displacer cylinder and driving control device two parts, artificial cerebrospinal fluid is housed in the displacer cylinder, have the displacement mouth that is connected with drainage tube on the displacer cylinder, the displacer cylinder internal fixation has aspirator, and driving control device mainly is provided with mechanical actuation device and the automaton that is connected with aspirator.

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention can also come further to realize by the following technical programs, artificial cerebrospinal fluid is the special multiple compound solution of the sterilization that is exclusively used in cerebrospinal fluid displacement of imitation normal brain activity spinal fluid biochemical characteristic, its prescription is: potassium 2.5～5.5mMol/L, sodium 135～145mMol/L, calcium 1.18～1.38mMol/L, chloride 115～130mMol/L, lactate 20～40mMol/L, glucose 2.5～4.5mMol/L, pH value is 7.28～7.34, osmotic pressure 250～310m0sm/L.The quality of artificial cerebrospinal fluid and technological requirement are consistent with venoclysis liquid.

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention can also come by the following technical programs further to realize that the displacement mouth is located at the top of displacer cylinder, is provided with the precipitation ditch in the displacer cylinder near displacement mouthful place.

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention can also come further to realize by the following technical programs, automaton is provided with a main control single-chip microcomputer, the interface of single-chip microcomputer is connected with power circuit, control panel circuit, control output circuit and feedback signal circuit, and the control panel circuit is provided with parameter setting apparatus, display and display lamp.

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention can also come further to realize by the following technical programs, described aspirator is the piston type aspirator that is fixed on the displacer cylinder bottom, aspirator is provided with suction chamber, suction chamber be provided with displacer cylinder in pushing away of displacement liquid UNICOM inhale the hole, suction chamber is provided with piston body, suction chamber is connected with piston rod and comes and goes the chamber, the piston rod that the round chamber of piston rod is connected with piston body is located at piston rod and comes and goes indoor, piston-rod end is fixed with driving handle downwards, the displacer cylinder of bottom, the round chamber of piston rod has the bar hole of driving handle back and forth movement, driving control device is provided with the caulking groove that cooperates with driving handle, and the reciprocating drive unit of caulking groove and driven by motor joins.

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention can also come by the following technical programs further to realize that the displacer cylinder inherence is replaced mouth and pushed away to inhale between the hole Filtration Adsorption barrier film is housed.Described barrier film can be used resin barrier film or biological barrier film, to filter and absorption visible component or protein substance.

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention can also come to realize that further in the front and back of caulking groove a pressure transducer is installed respectively, pressure transducer joins by feedback signal circuit and main control singlechip by the following technical programs.

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention can also come further to realize by the following technical programs, described aspirator also can be the air bag that is contained in the displacer cylinder, air bag is provided with access port in the bottom of displacer cylinder, is provided with the driving pump that joins with the air bag access port on driving control device.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

1, can be according to any setup parameter of the state of an illness, full intellectuality can accurately be controlled speed, the time of cerebrospinal fluid displacement and push away the suction amount, make more constant, the timing and quantitatively more accurate of its flow velocity, can avoid artificial or semi-automatic replacing velocity non-constant, regularly, quantitative coarse drawback, improved science, accuracy, safety and the displacement efficiency of cerebrospinal fluid displacement technology.

2, can be continuously with ill cerebrospinal fluid displacement to drafting degree, can save manpower greatly, reduce and pollute, overcome the blindness and the randomness of artificial or semi-automatic displacement method, can replace existing various method of replacing fully.

3, scientific and reasonable artificial cerebrospinal fluid prescription, the compositions such as osmotic pressure, pH value, sugar part, electrolyte and inorganic salt that make displacement liquid can reduce the harmful effect of displacement liquid to human body more near the human body needs when a large amount of displacement.

4, promote the scientific value of cerebrospinal fluid displacement technology, enlarged cerebrospinal fluid displacement The Application of Technology scope, made it more standard of rule of operation and control parameter, be easy to extensive popularization.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structure chart of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the displacer cylinder structure diagram.

Fig. 3 is the driving control device vertical view.

Fig. 4 is the control principle figure of automaton.

Fig. 5 is the another kind of structure diagram of displacer cylinder.

The specific embodiment

A kind of intelligent cerebrospinal fluid displacement instrument is made up of displacer cylinder 4 and driving control device 8 two parts.Displacer cylinder 4 is designed to disposable use, and driving control device 8 is permanent use.In the displacer cylinder 4 artificial cerebrospinal fluid is housed, displacer cylinder 4 is the main bodys that store artificial cerebrospinal fluid and exchange cerebrospinal fluid, place on the driving control device 8 the rigid container of making by transparent (be convenient to observe) nontoxic (harmless) plastics class material (being convenient to molding and abutment pressure).Fill (be convenient to pressure evenly transmits in the container) artificial cerebrospinal fluid in it, its size and its driving control device coupling, and meet and draft capacity requirement.

Artificial cerebrospinal fluid: be the special multiple compound solution of the sterilization that is exclusively used in cerebrospinal fluid displacement of imitation normal brain activity spinal fluid biochemical characteristic.Its prescription is: potassium 2.5～5.5mMol/L, sodium 135～145mMol/L, calcium 1.18～1,38mMol/L, chloride 115～130mMol/L, lactate 20～40mMol/L, glucose 2.5～4.5mMol/L, pH value is 7.28～7.34, osmotic pressure 250～310m0sm/L.Its best prescription proportioning is: potassium 3mMol/L, sodium 140mMol/L, calcium 1.2mMol/L, chloride 120mMol/L, lactate 30mMol/L, glucose 3.5mMol/L, pH value are 7.30, osmotic pressure 290m0sm/L.The quality of artificial cerebrospinal fluid and technological requirement are consistent with venoclysis liquid.

Have the displacement mouth 3 that is connected with drainage tube on the displacer cylinder 4, displacer cylinder 4 internal fixation have aspirator 6, and driving control device 8 mainly is provided with mechanical actuation device and the automaton that is connected with aspirator 6.Automaton is provided with a main control single-chip microcomputer 20, and the interface of single-chip microcomputer 20 is connected with power circuit 24, control panel circuit 19, control output circuit 22 and feedback signal circuit 23.

Control panel circuit 19 is provided with 1, power on light: the on off state of display power supply.Behind the on and off switch of opening the driving control device back side, this lamp continues shinny; On the contrary, powered-down, this lamp extinguishes.2, operation display lamp: the operation of display device and halted state.After pressing start key, this lamp continues shinny; On the contrary, after having pressed start key, this lamp extinguishes.3, start key: device start operation and shutdown switch.After pressing this key, equipment brings into operation; On the contrary, after having pressed this key, equipment is out of service.4, undervoltage warning display lamp: show that voltage in service is lower than equipment minimum requirements value.When voltage be lower than equipment required following in limited time, this lamp flicker is with reporting to the police with sound.5, block alarm display lamp: show the super more resistance of defined of equipment in service.When push away inhale plug do not reach set each bolus amount or aspiration and on super more its resistance in limited time, this lamp flicker is with reporting to the police with sound.6, ventil: elimination sound, light are reported to the police.7, display lamp out of service: display device has been finished and has been estimated total replacement amount.After default replacement amount was finished, this lamp continued shinny, with reporting to the police with sound.8, parameter options button: select setup parameter.After clicking, parameter jumps to next adjacent parameter from last parameter, several draft parameter and set up after, click again, jump to first parameter again, by it, withdraw from the parameter setting for a long time.9, push away the setting of suction speed: pairing top display parameters are set, upwards for increasing, downwards for subtracting.Suction and the speed of injecting equate.10, push away the setting of suction amount: pairing top display parameters are set, upwards for increasing, downwards for subtracting.Aspiration and bolus amount equate.11, push away and inhale back and forth number of times (displacement total amount) and be provided with: pairing top display parameters are set, upwards, downward for subtracting for increasing.Equal to push away for 1 time and inhale 1 cycle back and forth.12, be provided with between a stopping time: pairing top display parameters are set, upwards for increasing, downwards for subtracting.Between mean between the stopping time and inject the time that finishes to the suction beginning.13, pushing away suction speed shows: during setup parameter, the display setting number is set when finishing, and shows the last number of setting.14, push away the suction amount shows at every turn: during setup parameter, the display setting number is set when finishing, and shows the last number of setting.15, pushing away the suction number of times shows: during setup parameter, the display setting number is set when finishing, and shows last setting number.16, show between a stopping time: during setup parameter, the display setting number is set when finishing, and shows the last number of setting.17, total amount shows: real-time metathetical cumulative amount in the display device running.

Aspirator 6 is for being fixed on the piston type aspirator of displacer cylinder 4 bottoms, aspirator is provided with suction chamber 11, suction chamber 11 is provided with pushing away of displacer cylinder 4 interior displacement liquid UNICOMs inhales hole 9, suction chamber 11 is provided with piston body 10, suction chamber 11 is connected with piston rod and comes and goes chamber 14, the piston rod 12 that the round chamber 14 of piston rod is connected with piston body 10 is located at piston rod and comes and goes in the chamber 14, piston rod 12 ends are fixed with driving handle 13 downwards, the displacer cylinder 4 of round 14 bottoms, chamber of piston rod has the bar hole of driving handle 13 back and forth movements, driving control device 8 is provided with the caulking groove 16 that cooperates with driving handle 13, and caulking groove 16 joins with the reciprocating drive unit 21 of driven by motor.In the front and back of caulking groove 16 pressure transducer 15 is installed respectively, pressure transducer 15 joins by feedback signal circuit 23 and main control singlechip 20.Displacement mouth 3 is located at the top of displacer cylinder 4, is provided with precipitation ditch 2 in the displacer cylinder 4 at close displacement mouthful 3 places, precipitates ditch 2 and is made of round 14 rear portions, chamber of piston rod and displacer cylinder 4 sidewalls; Or adopt special-purpose dividing plate and displacer cylinder 4 sidewalls to constitute.Displacer cylinder 4 inherences are replaced mouth 3 and are pushed away to inhale between the hole 9 Filtration Adsorption barrier film 5 is housed.Described barrier film 5 can be used resin barrier film or biological barrier film, to filter and absorption visible component or protein substance.

Operation principle

1, driving control device operation principle

This appliance design is that program control driving constant speed, volum-controlled type push away sucking pump, promptly pushes away suction speed at the appointed time and pushes away the influence that the suction amount is not subjected to the exchange system internal resistance.Therefore, the actual injection or the speed of sucking-off and speed and the capacity that capacity equals to preestablish injection or sucking-off.

After lumbar vertebra or ventricular puncture and inserting drainage tube, drainage tube is connected on the displacement mouth 3 of displacer cylinder.Behind the breakdown power supply, each parameter of equipment automatically restores to default conditions.After need configuring each parameter according to the state of an illness, press start key, equipment is started working by the parameter request of setting.Single-chip microcomputer at first sends suction operating instruction (CW), and commander's current feedback circuit is pressed setting speed (electric current granting amount) operation digital motor (motor or servomotor), and drives piston rod suction operation.When aspiration (aspiration procedure running time) when finishing, single-chip microcomputer sends inverted running instruction (CCW), commander's current feedback circuit and digital motor inverted running.This moment, piston rod was injected operation immediately.When bolus amount (bolus infusion processes running time) when finishing, single-chip microcomputer sends a stop instruction, and current feedback circuit is in " Free " state, stops between digital motor.When finishing between a stopping time, single-chip microcomputer sends the suction operating instruction once more, and commander's current feedback circuit and digital motor etc. carry out relevant work.Go round and begin again.Always push away when inhaling number of times and finishing when setting, single-chip microcomputer will send the operation of instruction arrestment automatically, and send that sustained sound is carried out in instruction, light is reported to the police.In service at equipment, if being lower than the lower limit or the resistance of equipment requirements, voltage is higher than going up in limited time of equipment requirements, equipment is out of service, and interruption sound, light are reported to the police respectively.In addition, push away in the suction process single-chip microcomputer constantly record push away the suction cumulative amount, and do to show in real time.

Realize principle that caulking groove 16 moves be the single-chip microcomputer output of directly controlling current feedback circuit with stop, output and the sense of current and regulating and controlling digital machine operation, the straight line back and forth movement that gear and screw mandrel rotatablely move it and change slide head into again.

2, displacer cylinder operation principle

Along with the piston rod commute, cause the positive and negative pressure reduction that pushes away in the suction tube with displacer cylinder between interior, artificial cerebrospinal fluid is pushed out or sucks along this pressure reduction and pushes away suction tube.According to volume pressure transfer principle in the hermetic container, synchronous pressure reduction between displacer cylinder and drainage tube, also occurs and change, and import the body cavity of being inserted into along drainage tube.By this pressure reduction, inject in the body cavity equally with human body cerebrospinal fluid suction displacer cylinder or with artificial cerebrospinal fluid.

According to solution dilution principle and precipitation principle and Filtration Adsorption principle, the cerebrospinal fluid that at first sucks displacer cylinder is had more hundreds of times displacement liquid dilution, and proportion wherein begins to sink than heavy substance (as cell or inflammatory grumeleuse) immediately simultaneously.Owing to aspirate and inject and be slow uniform motion, there is time enough to precipitate by it, design space-constrained precipitation ditch in addition again and pushed away and inhaled hole and the higher position of replacing mouth, having significantly reduced sedimentary disturbance swims, again by membranous filtration of Filtration Adsorption and biological adsorption, filter with absorption and fall protein-based composition, thus the mixed liquor that at every turn pushes body cavity always cylinder at the middle and upper levels through the liquid of purification.

Each inject that the mixed liquor of body cavity through purifying constantly mixes with the denseer condensed human body cerebrospinal fluid of ventricular system and cavitas subarachnoidealis spinalis top or the inflow of ventricles of the brain chamber along with pressure reduction and the concentration that reduces its harmful substance gradually.Move in circles, thereby reach the purpose of removing harmful substance in the SACSF.

This equipment displacement efficiency can be calculated by following formula:

If: push away the suction amount is c at every turn ₀The concentration of cerebrospinal fluid after n displacement is α in the body cavity ⁿThe concentration of artificial cerebrospinal fluid after n displacement is β in the displacer cylinder ⁿThe cerebrospinal fluid volume is c in the body cavity ₁The artificial cerebrospinal fluid volume is c in the displacer cylinder ₂In the body cavity cerebrospinal fluid draft the displacement concentration be α 0, then setting up mathematical model is the recurrence formula model.

If the concentration of the k time two container is respectively α ^k, β ^k, concentration so next time is exactly:

${\mathrm{\&alpha;}}^{k+1}=\frac{c_0{\mathrm{\&beta;}}^k+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="c"\; filenames="C200510097360E00191.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout>}}_1{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}^k}{c_0+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="c"\; filenames="C200510097360E00191.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout>}}_1}$ …………………………………………………………①

${\mathrm{\&beta;}}^{k+1}=\frac{c_0{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}^{k+1}+(c_2-c_0){\mathrm{\&beta;}}^{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="k\; c"\; filenames="C200510097360E00201.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">k</figure-callout>}}}{c_{}}$ ……………………………………………………②

α ⁰＝α………………………………………………③

β ⁰＝β………………………………………………④

So through 1., 2. the arrangement of formula can obtain:

${\mathrm{\&beta;}}^{k+1}=\frac{(c_1{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="c"\; filenames="C200510097360E00201.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout>}}_2+c_2{c}_0-c_1{c}_0){\mathrm{\&beta;}}^k+c_0{c}_1(c_0+c_1){\mathrm{\&alpha;}}^k}{c_2(c_0+c_1)}$ ………………………………………………⑤

If α=0.5 units per liter, β=0 units per liter (acquiescence displacer cylinder concentration), c ₀=0.001 liter (acquiescence pushes away the suction amount at every turn), c ₁=0.12 liter (the normal overall storage capacity of cerebrospinal fluid), c ₂=2 liters (acquiescence displacer cylinder capacity), α 0=0.25 units per liter, then the iteration result is: k=54 time.

If α=1 units per liter, β=0 units per liter, c ₀=0.001 liter, c ₁=0.12 liter, c ₂=2 liters, α 0=0.25 units per liter, then the iteration result is: k=96 time.

This shows that displacement efficiency of the present invention is quite high.

Aspirator of the present invention can also be set to be contained in the air bag in the displacer cylinder, and air bag is provided with access port in the bottom of displacer cylinder, the Mechanical Driven on the driving control device partly for the air bag access port driving pump that joins.Driving pump can be air pump or hydraulic pump, amount, speed and the dead time of the turnover medium by control pump controls the suction amount that pushes away of displacer cylinder, and its displacement efficiency is identical with the piston type aspirator.

Claims (8)

1. intelligent cerebrospinal fluid displacement instrument, it is characterized in that: it mainly is made of displacer cylinder (4) and driving control device (8) two parts, displacer cylinder is equipped with artificial cerebrospinal fluid in (4), have the displacement mouth (3) that is connected with drainage tube on the displacer cylinder (4), displacer cylinder (4) internal fixation has aspirator (6), and driving control device (8) mainly is provided with mechanical actuation device and the automaton that is connected with aspirator (6).

2. intelligent cerebrospinal fluid displacement instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: artificial cerebrospinal fluid is the special multiple compound solution of the sterilization that is exclusively used in cerebrospinal fluid displacement of imitation normal brain activity spinal fluid biochemical characteristic, its prescription is: potassium 2.5mMol/L～5.5mMol/L, sodium 135mMol/L～145mMol/L, calcium 1.18mMol/L～1.38mMol/L, chloride 115mMol/L～130mMol/L, lactate 20mMol/L～40mMol/L, glucose 2.5mMol/L～4.5mMol/L, pH value is 7.28～7.34, osmotic pressure 250m0sm/L～310m0sm/L.

3. intelligent cerebrospinal fluid displacement instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: displacement mouthful (3) is located at the top of displacer cylinder (4), is provided with precipitation ditch (2) in the displacer cylinder of mouthful (3) locating (4) near replacing.

4. intelligent cerebrospinal fluid displacement instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: automaton is provided with a main control single-chip microcomputer (20), the interface of single-chip microcomputer (20) is connected with power circuit (24), control panel circuit (19), control output circuit (22) and feedback signal circuit (23), and control panel circuit (19) is provided with parameter setting apparatus (18), display (17) and display lamp (7).

5. intelligent cerebrospinal fluid displacement instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described aspirator (6) is for being fixed on the piston type aspirator bottom the displacer cylinder (4), aspirator is provided with suction chamber (11), suction chamber (11) is provided with pushing away of the interior displacement liquid of displacer cylinder (4) UNICOM inhales hole (9), suction chamber (11) is provided with piston body (10), suction chamber (11) is connected with piston rod and comes and goes chamber (14), the piston rod (12) that is connected with piston body (10) is located at piston rod and comes and goes in the chamber (14), piston rod (12) end is fixed with driving handle (13) downwards, the displacer cylinder (4) that piston rod comes and goes chamber (14) bottom has the bar hole of driving handle (13) back and forth movement, driving control device (8) is provided with the caulking groove (16) that cooperates with driving handle (13), and caulking groove (16) joins with the reciprocating drive unit (21) of driven by motor.

6. intelligent cerebrospinal fluid displacement instrument according to claim 5 is characterized in that: displacer cylinder (4) inherence is replaced mouthful (3) and is pushed away to inhale between the hole (9) Filtration Adsorption barrier film (5) is housed.

7. intelligent cerebrospinal fluid displacement instrument according to claim 5 is characterized in that: in the front and back of caulking groove (16) pressure transducer (15) is installed respectively, pressure transducer (15) joins with the feedback signal circuit (23) of automaton.

8. intelligent cerebrospinal fluid displacement instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described aspirator (6) is for being contained in the air bag (25) in the displacer cylinder (4), air bag (25) is provided with access port (26) in the bottom of displacer cylinder (4), is provided with the driving pump that joins with air bag access port (26) on driving control device.

Images