CN100485115C - Washing machine with variable-frequency drive - Google Patents
Washing machine with variable-frequency drive Download PDFInfo
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- CN100485115C CN100485115C CNB2004100277218A CN200410027721A CN100485115C CN 100485115 C CN100485115 C CN 100485115C CN B2004100277218 A CNB2004100277218 A CN B2004100277218A CN 200410027721 A CN200410027721 A CN 200410027721A CN 100485115 C CN100485115 C CN 100485115C
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- washing
- washing machine
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- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 title claims description 64
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002463 transducing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Control Of Washing Machine And Dryer (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
A conversion driver wash machine. It contains system of wash and desiccation, drive gear applying revolute force to the system of wash and desiccation, induction motor driving the drive structure and its adjustable power. Adjustable power applies power as potential U1 and frequency f1 when the system of wash and desiccation is turned on or speed is increasing. After a certain time, apply U2 and f2(U1/f1)> (U2/f2).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric washer, especially have the full automatic impeller formula washing machine of regulated power supply.In International Patent Classification (IPC), can belong to D06F33/02.
Background technology
The washing system of washing machine drives current in the reversible operation of repeatedly just commentaries on classics-stop-reverse-stop, and then drives the clothing motion.Accelerator when each forward or reverse starts makes washings produce vital rolling with regard to washing mechanism in the cleaning solution.There is the resonance point of an about 1Hz and (5～a 10) Hz usually in dewatering system.When dehydration starts, need make dehydration barrel quicken rotation, cross this two resonance points as early as possible, avoid the generation of resonating.There is bigger friction resistive torque in the washing system of washing machine, and dewatering system then has bigger rotary inertia.Therefore, its drive motor need have bigger detent torque, just can make described system reach suitable acceleration.In the washing machine of prior art, the ac motor by described big detent torque requirement design is light running after startup is finished, and efficient is lower, and the energy consumption of washing machine is bigger.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, a kind of washing machine of frequency conversion drive is proposed, compared with the prior art, both kept the bigger detent torque of motor, to satisfy the acceleration requirement of system, but can raise the efficiency, reduce the energy consumption of washing machine, and can further improve other performances of washing machine.
The technical scheme that the present invention solve the technical problem is that a kind of washing machine of frequency conversion drive comprises: washing or dewatering machine system; Transmission mechanism to washing or dewatering machine system output revolving force; Drive the asynchronous motor of described transmission mechanism; Regulated power supply to described asynchronous motor power supply.It is characterized in that: when described washing or dewatering machine system start or when accelerating to higher rotation speed than the slow-speed of revolution, regulated power supply is powered to asynchronous motor with voltage U 1 and frequency f 1; At the appointed time, with voltage U 2 and frequency f 2 power supplies; And: (U1/f1)〉(U2/f2).
Because the motor manufacturing cost depends on the torque of design, the torque of motor is directly proportional with the magnetic flux of motor, and the magnetic flux of asynchronous motor roughly is directly proportional with the ratio of supply voltage and frequency.Therefore, according to technical scheme of the present invention, with higher magnetic flux work, stable back is with lower magnetic flux work when being the implementation acceleration.Asynchronous motor is that exciting current significantly descends with the result of lower magnetic flux work, efficient thereby increase substantially.Washing machine motor power is little, and the exciting current ratio is big, and the efficient of low magnetic flux work improves more obvious.Asynchronous motor is worked under lower magnetic flux, and vibration noise is also lower.Therefore, the technical program is that ingenious being utilized as satisfied the designed motor residing light condition after acceleration is finished of big detent torque requirement, makes full use of existing electromagnetic material, carries out and reduces magnetic flux work, improve the efficient of the motor after quickening to finish, cut down the consumption of energy and vibration noise.The acceleration time of washing machine motor is shorter, so improve the operating condition of the motor under the stable state, can obviously reduce the energy consumption and the vibration noise of washing machine.
The optimal design of described stipulated time of the technical program for washing or dewatering machine system by zero or a kind ofly accelerate to a kind of higher rotation speed than the slow-speed of revolution and just reach the stable time, both avoided impacting, energy consumption and vibration noise are also lower.For common electric household pulsator washing machine, if be open loop control, can be according to experience, designing the described stipulated time is (0.1～0.4) s for the washing machine system, dewatering machine system to one section acceleration is (20～40) s, and the dewatering machine system that segmentation is quickened is (5～15) s.This time can be satisfied washing or the dewatering machine system accelerates to stable time requirement.
Satisfying (U1/f1)〉voltage U 2 and the frequency f 2 that (U2/f2) require can have multiple combination, should be designed to the combinations of values of output power minimum under the described stabilization of speed state certainly, to obtain minimum energy consumption and vibration noise.Can be around washing or the torque during dewatering machine system stabilization of speed, for different voltage U 2 and frequency f 2, the electromagnetism by motor calculates or experiment obtains the combinations of values of output power minimum.Described voltage and frequency: U1〉U2, f2〉f1, can keep the stabilized (steady-state) speed of identical washing or dewatering machine system under the situation that reduces magnetic flux.And, can design described voltage and frequency (U1/f1) and little by little transit to (U2/f2), to obtain required control characteristic.
Technical scheme of the present invention and specific design are excavated the ability of the intrinsic regulated power supply of variable-frequency washing machine, and all can realize by the software of adjusting prior art, increase under the condition of cost need not, and have obtained beyond thought result.Especially with respect to using permanent magnet motor, inexpensive and robust asynchronous motor has been excavated the less adjustable superiority of its magnetic flux that is noted this moment, is particularly suitable for the operating mode of washing machine.
Description of drawings
The following drawings is used to illustrate the specific embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the complete machine of embodiment of the invention automatic washing machine;
Fig. 2 is the circuit block diagram of embodiment of the invention automatic washing machine;
Fig. 3 is the electric motor drive system circuit block diagram of embodiment of the invention automatic washing machine;
Fig. 4 is the washing running program figure of embodiment of the invention automatic washing machine;
Fig. 5 is the dehydration running program figure of embodiment of the invention automatic washing machine.
The specific embodiment
The complete machine structure of embodiment of the invention automatic washing machine as shown in Figure 1.In the outer case 1 on being arranged at base by suspension rod 2 steel ladle 3 that can be hung with freely swinging, in steel ladle 3, can be provided with the dehydration washing trough 5 that the bottom is taken back changes agitator 4 freely to rotate, motor 6 and the tractor draining valve 13 that drives agitator 4 or dehydration washing trough 5 through speed-reducing clutch 7 is installed in the bottom of steel ladle 3, the top of outer case 1 and steel ladle 3 is equipped with top cover 9, but the cover 10 of freely openable is housed, level sensor 14 on the top cover 9, the cyclelog 12 and the entering water electromagnetic valve 8 that receive transducing signal and electrical equipment such as motor 6 are controlled are installed within the washing machine cover lid 9.Safety switch 11 is set in the outer case 1, and its activation lever is between outer case 1 and steel ladle 3.When being inclined to a certain degree, steel ladle 3 can make the contacting of safety switch 11.By with the structure of activation lever interlock, safety switch 11 is monitored the keying state of cover 10 simultaneously.Dehydration washing trough drives the centrifugal force that the clothing rotation produces and dewaters, the duration of runs about 5min, about 25s of acceleration time, about 900 rev/mins of stabilized (steady-state) speed; Agitator 4 is just changeing 3s-stop 1s-counter-rotating 3s-stop the reversible operation of 1s, about 0.3s of the acceleration time of forward or reverse, about 150 rev/mins of stabilized (steady-state) speed repeatedly.More than be described as the typical structure and the working condition of prior art full-automatic pulsator washing machine.The typical structure of prior art stirring type fully-automatic washing machine also roughly the same, just the pitch time of reversible operation is faster.
Fig. 2 is to be the circuit block diagram of the washing machine of frequency conversion drive to machine design shown in Figure 1.Cyclelog 12 comprises a single-chip microcomputer 15 (model is TMP86C846) and drive circuit 16.Drive circuit 16 comprises one by the inverter circuit of one group of I/O mouth control of single-chip microcomputer 15 with triggered 2 road bidirectional thyristors of control by 2 I/O mouths of single-chip microcomputer 15.Inverter circuit control drive motor 6, as shown in Figure 3.The output that the output of the 1 road bidirectional thyristor connects entering water electromagnetic valve 8, the 2 road bidirectional thyristors connects tractor draining valve 13.Mode selector switches 17 such as washing, rinsing and dehydration, level sensor 14 is connected 3 I/O mouths of single-chip microcomputer 15 with the output of safety switch 11 grades.
As shown in Figure 3, from the AC power 111 of the 220V50HZ of electrical network be connected in its output and the current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 112 that AC rectification is transformed into DC voltage is constituted dc sources 113; Output at dc source connects inverter circuit 114.Output at inverter circuit 114 is connecting motor 6.Inverter circuit 114 connects single-chip microcomputer 15, and controlled by it.This be typical A C-) control device of C-AC indirect conversion mode, but be not limited thereto, also can be the control device of the AC-AC Direct Transform mode of not establishing current rectifying and wave filtering circuit.Current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 112 comprises: the current rectifying and wave filtering circuit of the positive supply of being made up of diode D1 and capacitor C1; The current rectifying and wave filtering circuit of the negative supply of forming by diode D2 and capacitor C2.The zero-potential point of the current rectifying and wave filtering circuit of two groups of power supplys links to each other with an output line (being generally the neutral conductor) of power supply 111.This is the double half-wave rectification filter circuit.But be not limited to this, when needs are up to the variable-frequency power sources of 2 times or 0.5 times line voltages, can use all-wave and/or voltage multiplying rectifier, and the negative and positive dual power filter circuit of single capacitor filter circuit or the output of two capacitances in series central point.Inverter circuit 114 has two hot side unit (each drive circuit K1a that is being connected with its input of switch element V1a, V1b, the combination of K1b), with two low potential side unit (each drive circuit K2a that is being connected with its input of switch element V2a, V2b, the combination of K2b).The emitter and collector of switch element V1a, V1b, V2a and V2b respectively is parallel with sustained diode 1a, D1b, D2a and D2b; But being not limited to this, also can be in parallel or/and the holding circuit of connect suitable resistance, electric capacity, inductance and semiconductor devices or other pressure cell composition.Above-mentioned switch element can use the module that comprises 4 or 2 IGBT, perhaps discrete IGBT element; Also can use the power component except IGBT, for example power-type MOSFET, GTR (BJT) and GTO etc.In addition, also can be the integrated power module that above-mentioned all unit add holding circuit encapsulation one, as IPM etc.Inverter circuit 114 is two half-wave Unit 4, and per two unit are one group, under the control of single-chip microcomputer 15, dc source are modulated to a common port, 1/6 cycle of the time lag two-phase power supply identical with amplitude; Switch element V1a, V2a form one group of two half-wave inverter circuit, form the voltage of common port C to lead-out terminal A
u
CA＝U
msinωt；
Switch element V1b, V2b form the two half-wave inverter circuits of another group, form the voltage of common port C to lead-out terminal B
u
CD＝U
msin(ωt+π/3)。
As a result, lead-out terminal A and B and common port C export three-phase symmetric voltage according to the order of terminal:
u
AB＝U
msin(ωt+2π/3)；
u
BC＝U
msin(ωt—2π/3)；
u
CA＝U
msinωt。
Design according to the variable-frequency washing machine that adopts the prior art AC variable-frequency speed regulation system, software design in the present embodiment single-chip microcomputer 15 generator of SVPWM or SPWM, according to washing machine service performance required intrinsic setting and the dynamically requirement of adjustment, frequency, voltage and the phase place of 114 outputs of control inverter circuit; Single-chip microcomputer 15 inner can being provided with the periphery are present embodiment circuit protection, control and electromagnetic compatibility required peripheral circuit and element; The software of single-chip microcomputer 15 also comprises washing, rinsing and dehydration supervisor that present embodiment carries out according to conventional washer and processing to relevant sensing and control function.Software in the present embodiment single-chip microcomputer 15 with respect to the improvement of prior art variable-frequency washing machine mainly is;
(1) washing and rinsing program are according to washing running program figure as shown in Figure 4
In this program, each forward or reverse process is by traditional single voltage 220V, and the 50Hz setting changing is that self-starting plays that setting voltage is 220V in the 0.3s, 50Hz; Setting voltage afterwards is 200V, 51Hz.As a result, the speed stabilizing stage behind 0.3s is that the air gap flux density of motor is reduced to 5433G by 6047G in the past under the situation of 1389 rev/mins (corresponding agitator 4 rotating speeds are 150 rev/mins) in the speed that keeps motor, and efficient is increased to 0.68 by 0.64.
(2) dehydration procedure is according to the running program figure that dewaters as shown in Figure 5
In this program, divide three sections hoisting velocities with reference to prior art, to reduce vibrations.Designing 3 periods acceleration time is followed successively by 7s, 5s and 8s, and preceding 2 sections speed stabilizing sections are 40s.Whole process is by traditional single voltage 220V, and the 50Hz setting changing is in each section accelerator, all with 220V, and the 50Hz power supply, cross corresponding resonance point rapidly to obtain enough acceleration: in the 1st speed stabilizing section, with 70V, the 51Hz power supply; In the 2nd speed stabilizing section, with 85V, the 52Hz power supply; In the 3rd speed stabilizing section, with 100V, the 53.8Hz power supply.The result, in the 3rd speed stabilizing stage of about 5min, in the speed that keeps motor is that the air gap flux density of motor is reduced to 2651G by 6120G in the past under the situation of 1478 rev/mins (corresponding dehydration washing trough 5 rotating speeds are 900 rev/mins), and efficient rises to 0.64 by 0.33.
The design parameter of voltage in the present embodiment, frequency and time is based on the washing machine of intermediate size.For the washing machine of different capabilities, its design parameter can calculate (referring to " the middle-size and small-size threephase motor electromagnetic computation program " of the 1st Shanghai Electric Appliance Science Inst., Ministry of Machinery, Shanghai establishment in 1971 and " the miniature three-phase single-phase motor Electromagnetic Design Program " of Guangzhou Inst. of Electric Equipment Science's nineteen eighty-two establishment) by the electromagnetism of motor or experiment obtains.For example, with 220V, the 50Hz power supply accelerates to maximum speed in 30s in the time of can designing dehydration procedure for startup, afterwards with 100V, and the 53.8Hz power supply.
More than the electric voltage frequency (U1/f1) of narration in the present embodiment is designed to fixed value in accelerator, also can be designed as in fact dynamic, even (U1/f1) gradually transition be (U2/f2).Can be continuous transition or segmentation transition, to satisfy the requirement of corresponding control curve.Can obtain specifically to control numerical value by experiment, be organized in the software of single-chip microcomputer 15.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of washing machine of frequency conversion drive comprises:
---washing or dewatering machine system;
---to the transmission mechanism of washing or dewatering machine system output revolving force,
---drive the asynchronous motor of described transmission mechanism;
---to the regulated power supply of described asynchronous motor power supply;
It is characterized in that: when described washing or dewatering machine system start or when accelerating to higher rotation speed than the slow-speed of revolution, regulated power supply is powered to asynchronous motor with voltage U 1 and frequency f 1; At the appointed time, with voltage U 2 and frequency f 2 power supplies; And:
(U1/f1)>(U2/f2)；
The described stipulated time for washing or dewatering machine system by zero or a kind ofly accelerate to a kind of higher rotation speed than the slow-speed of revolution and reach the stable time; Described voltage U 2 and frequency f 2 are the combinations of values of output power minimum under the described stabilization of speed state.
2, according to the described washing machine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described stipulated time for (0.1～0.4) s, be (20～40) s to the dewatering machine system of one section acceleration for the washing machine system, is (5～15) s to the dewatering machine system of segmentation acceleration.
3, according to claim 1 or the described washing machine of claim 2, it is characterized in that: described voltage and frequency: U1 U2, f2〉f1.
4, according to claim 1 or the described washing machine of claim 2, it is characterized in that: the ratio of described voltage and frequency (U1/f1) little by little transits to (U2/f2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100277218A CN100485115C (en) | 2004-06-22 | 2004-06-22 | Washing machine with variable-frequency drive |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100277218A CN100485115C (en) | 2004-06-22 | 2004-06-22 | Washing machine with variable-frequency drive |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1712609A CN1712609A (en) | 2005-12-28 |
| CN100485115C true CN100485115C (en) | 2009-05-06 |
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| CNB2004100277218A Expired - Lifetime CN100485115C (en) | 2004-06-22 | 2004-06-22 | Washing machine with variable-frequency drive |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100440721C (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2008-12-03 | 江门市洗衣机厂 | Frequency changing AC speed changing driving washing machine |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001145797A (en) * | 2000-10-10 | 2001-05-29 | Hitachi Ltd | Fully automatic washing machine and fully automatic washing and drying machine |
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- 2004-06-22 CN CNB2004100277218A patent/CN100485115C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001145797A (en) * | 2000-10-10 | 2001-05-29 | Hitachi Ltd | Fully automatic washing machine and fully automatic washing and drying machine |
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| CN1712609A (en) | 2005-12-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20051230 Address after: Guangdong city of Jiangmen province Jiang Cui Road No. 162 Applicant after: Jiangmen Washing Machine Factory Address before: Guangdong city of Jiangmen province Jiang Cui Road No. 162 Applicant before: JIN LING ELECTRICAL Co.,Ltd. |
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| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| ASS | Succession or assignment of patent right |
Owner name: JINLING ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: WASHER FACTORY, JIANGMEN CITY Effective date: 20060630 |
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| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20060630 Address after: 529040 Guangdong Province, Jiangmen Jianghai River Hill Road No. 162 Applicant after: Jinling Electric Appliance Co.,Ltd. Address before: 529040 Guangdong Province, Jiangmen Jianghai River Hill Road No. 162 Applicant before: Jiangmen Washing Machine Factory |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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Granted publication date: 20090506 |
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| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |