CN100484611C - Biologically deodorizing method - Google Patents

Biologically deodorizing method Download PDF

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CN100484611C
CN100484611C CNB2007100723053A CN200710072305A CN100484611C CN 100484611 C CN100484611 C CN 100484611C CN B2007100723053 A CNB2007100723053 A CN B2007100723053A CN 200710072305 A CN200710072305 A CN 200710072305A CN 100484611 C CN100484611 C CN 100484611C
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sulfur oxidizing
biological
oxidizing bacterium
filler
deodorization
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CN101058055A (en
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徐桂芹
石玉明
闫波
姜安玺
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to a biological deodorization. It has solved the difficulty of biological method only being able to remove low degree odor with simple way. It goes like this: domesticating, inoculation, purification, enriched medium, hybrid to grow the deodorization biological sperm, then prepare fixed biochemical stuff, with the odor being filtered and deordorized. The feeding cycle for nutrient solution is 12h, inlet air flow is 0. 012-0. 1m3/h, average air density being 0-800mg/m3, volume charge of H2S being 0-124. 8mgs/kg active carbon . h, volume charge of alkaline being 0-110mgN/kg active carbon . h, temperature controlled within 20-30deg.C, air hanging period within 20-150s. It has high efficiency in deodorization, simple in equipment and economical in running expenses.

Description

A kind of method of biological deodorizing
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bioremediation of foul smell.
Background technology
Odor pollution is as one of the world's seven overall situation public hazards, and oneself is subjected to the extensive attention of various countries in the world.Odor pollution is mainly derived from industries such as petrochemical industry, slaughtering animal and meat packing, aquatic products processing, oil prodution industry, oil refining, coking, coal gas, chemical fertilizer, pharmacy, leather manufacturing, papermaking, synthetic material, sewage disposal and garbage disposal.The conventional process technology mainly is a physical-chemical process, and bioanalysis becomes one of main method that purifies odorant gradually at present.Bioanalysis is to utilize microorganism with odorant degraded or be converted into the process of odorless or low sordes matter.Compare with the physical chemistry processing method, biological deodorization needs to add chemical agent hardly, owing to move under normal temperature, normal pressure, the waste of energy is also relatively low, so it is Comparatively speaking minimum being used for the investment and the operating cost of the bioreactor of foul smell processing, and does not produce secondary pollution.
The biological method of handling at present foul smell mainly is three kinds of biofilter, biological scrubbing tower and bio-trickling filters.
The biofiltration deodorization method is to study at most at present, and technology is also ripe, also the most frequently used in practice biological deodorization method.The filler that this method adopts is organic filler, and it is subjected to the influence of humidity very big, and overdrying can make biology lose activity, and crossing wets then can make filler become sticky, and increases pressure drop.
Biological scrubbing tower uses reaction conditions such as aerator control temperature, pH value, has increased processing cost.
The bio-trickling filter deodorization method is to be grown on the filtrate (filler) with the biomembrane form, and the mass transfer of odorant and degraded are all carried out in same reactor, spray recirculated water above filler, and its liquid phase circulates.Filler generally is inert substances such as polypropylene pellets, pottery, plastics, active carbon, but bio-trickling filter needs liquid phase to circulate, install complexity, and the specific area of filler is lower, is unsuitable for the volatile organic contaminant of treatment of water-soluble difference.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention can only be removed the foul smell of low concentration in order to solve bioanalysis, and the organic filler of biofilter easily becomes sticky and the complicated shortcoming of bio-trickling pool device, and a kind of biologic deodorization method is provided.The inventive method has efficient deodorizing, characteristics that running cost is low.The present invention adopts immobilization biological to filter and intermittently sprays the method removal foul smell of nutrient solution, and the step of this method is as follows: one, the cultivation of deodorization micro-organism agent: the step through " a. domestication cultivation, b. inoculation, c. purifying, d. enrichment culture, e. mix " is cultivated deodorization micro-organism agent; Two, preparation immobilization biological filler: adopt intermittent cycle physical absorption immobilization method that the deodorization micro-organism agent of step 1 preparation is fixed in the inorganic filler, form the immobilization biological filler in inorganic filler, the biofilm phase is 3~5 days; Three, deodorization: foul smell is removed by the filtration of immobilization biological filler, the operating condition of technology: the cycle that nutrient solution intermittently adds is 12h, and charge flow rate is 0.012~0.1m 3/ h, the inlet gas concentration of hydrogen sulfide is 0~800mg/m 3, the volumetric loading of hydrogen sulfide is 0~124.8mgS/kg active carbon h, the inlet gas concentration of ammonia is 0~800mg/m 3, the volumetric loading of ammonia is 0~110mgN/kg active carbon h, and temperature is controlled at 20~30 ℃, and gas residence time is controlled at 20~150s, adopts bottom inflow or adopts reactor middle part, bottom and bottom air inlet simultaneously, the top mode of giving vent to anger.
The incubation of deodorization micro-organism agent is as follows in the said method: the process of described step " a. tames cultivation " is: the activated sludge of sewage treatment plant is taken out be inoculated on the active carbon, and then put into the biofilter and feed H respectively 2S, NH 3And H 2S and NH 3The mixing foul smell tame cultivation, the domestication incubation time be 1~6 month; The process of described " b. inoculation " is: will be inoculated on heterotroph sulfur oxidizing bacterium culture medium, autotrophic type sulfur oxidizing bacterium culture medium, nitrococcus isolation medium and the nitrifier isolation medium through the domestication cultured microorganism on each active carbon; The process of described " c. purifying " is: the dominant bacteria in heterotroph sulfur oxidizing bacterium culture medium and the autotrophic type sulfur oxidizing bacterium culture medium is carried out purifying; The process of described " d. enrichment culture " is: respectively the dominant bacteria in heterotroph sulfur oxidizing bacterium culture medium and the autotrophic type sulfur oxidizing bacterium culture medium is carried out the enrichment culture of heterotroph sulfur oxidizing bacterium and autotrophic type sulfur oxidizing bacterium, the dominant bacteria in the nitrifier isolation medium is carried out nitrite bacteria enrichment culture and nitrobacteria enrichment culture; The process of described " e. mixing " is: with the wet thallus of the autotrophic type sulfur oxidizing bacterium, heterotroph sulfur oxidizing bacterium, nitrococcus and the nitrifier that obtain after centrifugal by 2: 10: 1: 1 weight ratio is mixed, and the ratio that adds 50mL distilled water in the wet bacterium of 1g adds distilled water again.
As research object,, obtain following result with hydrogen sulfide gas through great deal of experimental:
Adopt method of the present invention, the diameter of the deodorizing equipment that test is adopted is the biology filter post that 46mm, height are made for the lucite tube of 750mm, and active carbon filler is housed, and the filler total height is 500mm, filler cumulative volume 0.83L; Wherein descend sample tap to be positioned at filler 2cm and highly locate, middle sample tap is positioned at filler 25cm highly to be located, and last sample tap is positioned at filler topmost, and promptly 50cm highly locates.
(1) packed height is to the influence of hydrogen sulfide removal
20 ℃ of room temperatures, charge flow rate is at 0.1m 3During/h, feed hydrogen sulfide and ammonia gas simultaneously.
Behind the reactor stable operation 30d, get filler respectively at the upper, middle and lower of reactor sample tap and measure its phosphatide amount.The result is shown in table 1 (biomass of different sample taps):
Table 1
Figure C200710072305D00061
Referring to table 1, by the phosphatide extractive technique biophasic measurement is shown: biophasic concentration reduces with the degree of depth in the filter bed, and the result of the test of bearing the removal of most of foul smell with filter post bottom, front is consistent.Research also shows in import department's microbial population quantity raising very fast, is degraded at these regional most pollutants.
As seen from Figure 1, reactor can reach effectively to be removed hydrogen sulfide, and inlet gas concentration is at 600mg/m 3The time, still can reach 99.8% to the clearance of hydrogen sulfide.The concentration of giving vent to anger following sample tap, middle sample tap, last sample tap reduces successively, but at following sample tap place, hydrogen sulfide just obtains most removal, and clearance reaches more than 95%, and post middle part and top are relatively limited to the removal ability of pollutant.The height of traditional reactor is about 2.0m, and the height that generally requires packing layer is 0.5 to 1.5m, and reducing to influence treatment effect, and bed stuffing height can be reduced to 0.5m in this bright reactor, just can reach treatment effect.
(2) the multiple spot air inlet is to the influence of hydrogen sulfide removal
20 ℃ of room temperatures, charge flow rate are 0.2m 3/ h, promptly the average charge flow rate of each air inlet is 0.67m 3/ h, hydrogen sulfide and ammonia inlet gas concentration are 500mg/m 3The time, in three sections reaction columns, during 3 air inlets simultaneously of following two positions and air inlet, give vent to anger the result as shown in Figure 2.
As shown in Figure 2, because charge flow rate is big, the time of staying is too short, and when bringing into operation, foul smell is given vent to anger dense, and the hydrogen sulfide concentration of giving vent to anger is 105mg/m 3, along with the operation of experiment, the very fast reduction of the concentration of giving vent to anger, behind the test run 17d, concentration of hydrogen sulfide tends towards stability in giving vent to anger, and can't check substantially.The engineering bacteria concentration of stage casing and the degraded hydrogen sulfide that epimere accumulated is lower, and the appearance of " empty ecological niche " is arranged.When the hydrogen sulfide of contact high concentration, engineering bacteria can ramp, and pollution degradation gas fast.
Studies show that, adopt the mode of multiple spot air inlet, air-intake load is doubled, and the hydrogen sulfide treatment effect is influenced hardly.
(3) moisture content is to the influence of hydrogen sulfide removal
The higher material Transfer resistance that produces owing to the filling surface aqueous-phase concentration is higher, foul smell are diffused in the biomembrane than in water high, and the material conversion that has can directly take place on not wet biomembrane.By a large amount of studies show that, can solve the too high adverse effect that foul smell is removed of moisture content by the nutrition mode that adds of having a rest night.
The present invention carries out following improvement to its technology on the technology basis of bio-trickling: 1. adopt efficient deodorization microbial inoculum as the deodorization microorganism; 2. satisfy under the prerequisite of microorganism needs at nutriment, nutrient solution intermittently adds; 3. foul smell enters the mode that reactor can adopt the multiple spot air inlet.
Compare with existing technology, this technology has the advantage that improves deodorization efficiency, equipment is simple and saves operating cost.The present invention all reaches more than 99% the clearance of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the not different simultaneously packed height sample tap H of inlet gas concentration 2The concentration map of S, wherein-■-expression air inlet H 2The concentration curve of S ,-◆-expression is sample tap H down 2The concentration curve of S ,-▲-sample tap H in representing 2The concentration curve of S, sample tap H in-*-expression 2The concentration curve of S; Hydrogen sulfide give vent to anger concentration and time relation figure when Fig. 2 is the multiple spot air inlet.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: present embodiment adopts immobilization biological to filter and intermittently sprays the method removal foul smell of nutrient solution, and the step of this method is as follows:
One, the cultivation of deodorization micro-organism agent: the step through " a. domestication cultivation, b. inoculation, c. purifying, d. enrichment culture, e. mix " is cultivated deodorization micro-organism agent;
The process of described step " a. tames cultivation " is: the activated sludge of sewage treatment plant is taken out be inoculated on the active carbon, and then put into the biofilter and feed H respectively 2S, NH 3And H 2S and NH 3The mixing foul smell tame cultivation, the domestication incubation time be 1~6 month;
The process of described " b. inoculation " is: will be inoculated on heterotroph sulfur oxidizing bacterium culture medium, autotrophic type sulfur oxidizing bacterium culture medium, nitrococcus isolation medium and the nitrifier isolation medium through the domestication cultured microorganism on each active carbon;
The process of described " c. purifying " is: the dominant bacteria in heterotroph sulfur oxidizing bacterium culture medium and the autotrophic type sulfur oxidizing bacterium culture medium is carried out purifying;
The process of described " d. enrichment culture " is: respectively the dominant bacteria in heterotroph sulfur oxidizing bacterium culture medium and the autotrophic type sulfur oxidizing bacterium culture medium is carried out the enrichment culture of heterotroph sulfur oxidizing bacterium and autotrophic type sulfur oxidizing bacterium, the dominant bacteria in the nitrifier isolation medium is carried out nitrite bacteria enrichment culture and nitrobacteria enrichment culture;
The process of described " e. mixing " is: with the wet thallus of the autotrophic type sulfur oxidizing bacterium, heterotroph sulfur oxidizing bacterium, nitrococcus and the nitrifier that obtain after centrifugal by 2: 10: 1: 1 weight ratio is mixed, and the ratio that adds 50mL distilled water in the wet bacterium of 1g adds distilled water again;
Two, preparation immobilization biological filler: adopt intermittent cycle physical absorption immobilization method that the deodorization micro-organism agent of step 1 preparation is fixed in the inorganic filler, form the immobilization biological filler in inorganic filler, the biofilm phase is 3~5 days;
Three, deodorization: foul smell is removed by the filtration of immobilization biological filler, the operating condition of technology: the cycle that nutrient solution intermittently adds is 12h, and charge flow rate is 0.012~0.1m 3/ h, the inlet gas concentration of hydrogen sulfide is 0~800mg/m 3, the volumetric loading of hydrogen sulfide is 0~124.8mgS/kg active carbon h, the inlet gas concentration of ammonia is 0~800mg/m 3, the volumetric loading of ammonia is 0~110mgN/kg active carbon h, and temperature is controlled at 20~30 ℃, and gas residence time is controlled at 20~150s, adopts bottom inflow, the top mode of giving vent to anger.
The present invention all reaches more than 99% the clearance of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia.
The specific embodiment two: the nitrite bacteria enrichment culture is divided and is carried out for 3~5 times in " the d. enrichment culture " of step 1, and the nitrite bacteria enriched medium is pressed 2.5g (NH first 4) 2SO 4, 0.05g MgSO 47H 2O, 0.07g KH 2PO4,0.05g CaCl 22H 2O and 100mL H 2The ratio of O is made, and is 5% Na with concentration 2CO 3Regulating the pH value is 8.0; (NH in the enrichment culture process afterwards in the culture medium 4) 2SO 4Content successively decreases one by one, and last nitrite bacteria enriched medium is pressed 0.5g (NH 4) 2SO 4, 0.05gMgSO 47H 2O, 0.07g KH 2PO 4, 0.05g CaCl 22H 2O and 100mL H 2The ratio of O is made, and is 5% Na with concentration 2CO 3Regulating the pH value is 8.0.Other is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment three: the nitrobacteria enrichment culture is divided and is carried out for 3~5 times in " the d. enrichment culture " of step 1, and the nitrobacteria enriched medium is pressed 1.0g KNO first 2, 0.05g MgSO 47H 2O, 0.07gKH 2PO 4, 0.05g CaCl 22H 2O and 100mL H 2The ratio of O is made, and is 5% Na with concentration 2CO 3Regulating the pH value is 8.0; KNO in the enrichment culture process afterwards in the culture medium 2Content successively decreases one by one, and last nitrobacteria enriched medium is pressed 0.2g KNO 2, 0.05g MgSO 47H 2O, 0.07gKH 2PO 4, 0.05g CaCl 22H 2O and 100mL H 2The ratio of O is made, and is 5% Na with concentration 2CO 3Regulating the pH value is 8.0.Other is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment four: present embodiment is as follows at step 2 discontinuous formula circulation physisorphtion immobilization process: the bacteria suspension of getting the step 1 preparation, place eminence, utilize siphon to make bacteria suspension flow into the reactor that filler is housed from top to bottom, reactor is transferred bucket and is connect remaining bacterium liquid, bacteria suspension circulated several times repeatedly no longer reduce until the bacterial population that flows out water, at this moment think activated-charcoal column to bacterium absorption and hold back reach saturated, feeding concentration is that hydrogen sulfide and the ammonia gas mixture of 45~55mg/l carries out the short-term domestication, the volumetric concentration of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia forms the immobilization biological filler than being 1:1.Other is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The biomembranous formation of filling surface is not simple absorption to effective bacterium in the present embodiment, but has experienced one from adsorbing, fix, increase the complete procedure of maturation.
The specific embodiment five: present embodiment nutrient solution in step 3 is by 0.02g glucose, 0.12gK 2HPO 4, 0.12g KH 2PO 4, 0.02g MgCl 26H 2O, 0.4g NH 4Cl, 0.001g ironic citrate and the preparation of 100ml water; Intermittently add the nutrient solution concrete operation method: stop air inlet earlier, the leachate of emptying reactor is used 25~40ml nutrient solution circulation flushing 3 times at every turn.Other is identical with the specific embodiment one.
There is not glucose for only removing in the nutrient solution of ammonia in the present embodiment.
The specific embodiment six: what present embodiment and the specific embodiment one were different is to adopt reactor middle part, bottom and bottom air inlet simultaneously in step 3.Other is identical with the specific embodiment one.
Adopt the mode of multiple spot air inlet to make bioreactor bear bigger air-intake load in the present embodiment, thereby can reduce investment outlay, reduce cost.
The specific embodiment seven: present embodiment inorganic filler in step 2 is active carbon or haydite.Other is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment eight: the height of present embodiment immobilization biological filler in step 3 is 0.5~1.0m.Other is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment nine: the height of present embodiment immobilization biological filler in step 3 is 0.5m.Other is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment ten: the inlet gas concentration of present embodiment hydrogen sulfide in step 3 is 200~700mg/m 3Other is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment 11: the inlet gas concentration of present embodiment hydrogen sulfide in step 3 is 600mg/m 3Other is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment 12: the inlet gas concentration of present embodiment ammonia in step 3 is 200~700mg/m 3Other is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment 13: present embodiment gas residence time in step 3 is controlled at 20~100s.Other is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment 14: present embodiment gas residence time in step 3 is controlled at 20~40s.Other is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment 15: present embodiment gas residence time in step 3 is controlled at 25s.Other is identical with the specific embodiment one.

Claims (8)

1, a kind of method of biological deodorizing, adopt immobilization biological to filter with the method for intermittently spraying nutrient solution and remove foul smell, it is characterized in that the step of this method is as follows: one, the cultivation of deodorization micro-organism agent: the step through " a. domestication cultivation, b. inoculation, c. purifying, d. enrichment culture, e. mixing " is cultivated deodorization micro-organism agent; The process of described step " a. tames cultivation " is: the activated sludge taking-up of sewage treatment plant is inoculated on the active carbon, and then puts into the biofilter, feed H respectively 2S, NH 3And H 2S and NH 3The mixing foul smell tame cultivation, the domestication incubation time be 1~6 month; The process of described " b. inoculation " is: will be inoculated on heterotroph sulfur oxidizing bacterium culture medium, autotrophic type sulfur oxidizing bacterium culture medium, nitrococcus isolation medium and the nitrifier isolation medium through the domestication cultured microorganism on each active carbon; The process of described " c. purifying " is: the dominant bacteria in heterotroph sulfur oxidizing bacterium culture medium and the autotrophic type sulfur oxidizing bacterium culture medium is carried out purifying; The process of described " d. enrichment culture " is: respectively the dominant bacteria in heterotroph sulfur oxidizing bacterium culture medium and the autotrophic type sulfur oxidizing bacterium culture medium is carried out the enrichment culture of heterotroph sulfur oxidizing bacterium and autotrophic type sulfur oxidizing bacterium, the dominant bacteria in the nitrifier isolation medium is carried out nitrite bacteria enrichment culture and nitrobacteria enrichment culture; The process of described " e. mixing " is: with the wet thallus of the autotrophic type sulfur oxidizing bacterium, heterotroph sulfur oxidizing bacterium, nitrococcus and the nitrifier that obtain after centrifugal by 2: 10: 1: 1 weight ratio is mixed, and the ratio that adds 50mL distilled water in the wet bacterium of 1g adds distilled water again; Two, preparation immobilization biological filler: adopt intermittent cycle physical absorption process for fixation that the deodorization micro-organism agent of step 1 preparation is fixed in the inorganic filler, form immobilized biomembrane in inorganic filler, the biofilm phase is 3~5 days; Three, deodorization: foul smell is removed by the filtration of immobilization biological filler, the operating condition of technology: the cycle that nutrient solution intermittently adds is 12h, and charge flow rate is 0.012~0.1m 3/ h, the inlet gas concentration of hydrogen sulfide is 0~800mg/m 3, the volumetric loading of hydrogen sulfide is 0~124.8mgS/kg active carbon h, the inlet gas concentration of ammonia is 0~800mg/m 3, the volumetric loading of ammonia is 0~110mgN/kg active carbon h, and temperature is controlled at 20~30 ℃, and gas residence time is controlled at 20~150s, adopts bottom inflow or adopts reactor middle part, bottom and bottom air inlet simultaneously, the top mode of giving vent to anger.
2, the method of a kind of biological deodorizing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that at step 2 discontinuous formula circulation physisorphtion immobilization process as follows: the bacteria suspension of getting the step 1 preparation, place eminence, utilize siphon to make bacteria suspension flow into the reactor that filler is housed from top to bottom, reactor is transferred bucket and is connect remaining bacterium liquid, bacteria suspension circulated several times repeatedly no longer reduce until the bacterial population that flows out water, at this moment think activated-charcoal column to bacterium absorption and hold back reach saturated, feeding concentration is that hydrogen sulfide and the ammonia gas mixture of 45~55mg/l carries out the short-term domestication, the volumetric concentration of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia forms the immobilization biological filler than being 1:1.
3, the method for a kind of biological deodorizing according to claim 1 is characterized in that nutrient solution is by 0.02g glucose, 0.12g K in step 3 2HPO 4, 0.12g KH 2PO 4, 0.02g MgCl 26H 2O, 0.4g NH 4Cl, 0.001g ironic citrate and the preparation of 100ml water.
4, the method for a kind of biological deodorizing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that adding the nutrient solution concrete operation method in the step 3 discontinuous: stop air inlet earlier, the leachate of emptying reactor is used 25~40ml nutrient solution circulation flushing 3 times at every turn.
5, the method for a kind of biological deodorizing according to claim 1 is characterized in that inorganic filler is active carbon or haydite in step 2.
6, the method for a kind of biological deodorizing according to claim 1, the height that it is characterized in that immobilization biological filler in step 3 is 0.5~1.0m.
7, the method for a kind of biological deodorizing according to claim 1 is characterized in that gas residence time is controlled at 20~100s in step 3.
8, the method for a kind of biological deodorizing according to claim 1 is characterized in that gas residence time is controlled at 20~40s in step 3.
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CN102580521B (en) * 2012-03-26 2013-12-25 湖南农业大学 Method for removing hydrogen sulfide gas by utilizing biological active carbon fiber
CN102935330B (en) * 2012-11-07 2014-05-28 西安建筑科技大学 Biological activated carbon (BAC) and method for removing H2S in oil storage tank in oil field by utilizing same
CN103599694B (en) * 2013-11-15 2015-03-11 武汉理工大学 Multi-stage tandem-type urban garbage fermented gas purifying method
CN104524966B (en) * 2014-12-02 2016-08-24 天津大学 A kind of spraying exhaust gas biological purifying combination treatment method
CN112520861A (en) * 2020-11-05 2021-03-19 中冶西北工程技术有限公司 Deodorization method for biological filter

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