CN100483177C - Optical switch - Google Patents
Optical switch Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN100483177C CN100483177C CNB2004800049296A CN200480004929A CN100483177C CN 100483177 C CN100483177 C CN 100483177C CN B2004800049296 A CNB2004800049296 A CN B2004800049296A CN 200480004929 A CN200480004929 A CN 200480004929A CN 100483177 C CN100483177 C CN 100483177C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- block
- movable back
- arm
- fixed
- yoke
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)
Abstract
An optical switch for switching the coupling between a movable optical fiber and a fixed optical fiber. The optical switch comprises a soft-magnetic movable block fixed to an end of the movable optical fiber, a soft-magnetic fixed flock fixed to a fixed optical fiber and at a position opposed to the movable block, an actuator for moving the movable block with respect to the fixed block, and means for positioning the movable block with respect to the fixed block. The actuator is provided with a yoke having a base and a pair of arms connected to both ends of the base and sandwiching the movable block in the moving direction, a permanent magnet attached to the base of the yoke, and a coil provided to at least one arm. Irrespective of the position of the movable block, the magnetic flux produced by the permanent magnet in a first gap between one of the arms and the movable block is more than that in a second gap between the other arm and the movable block.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to photoswitch, relate in particular to the photoswitch that is used in optical communication apparatus or light delivery etc.
Background technology
Along with the development of optical communication, fiber optic communication network possesses long light path and complicated branch.Correspondingly, in optical communication apparatus or light transmitting device, the switching of the light path of the optical fiber between the circuit (transmission path) increases, and is using a plurality of photoswitches.The purpose of switching-over light path is not only common circuit and is switched, also have will broken string transmission path switch to obstacle on other paths of not breaking and recover to use etc. with the cautious change of, maintenance that the circuit of the optical communication network in buildings or the region is switched with the light path on, the determinator.If investigate, 1 * 2 type photoswitch or 1 * m type photoswitch that a plurality of optical fiber end face each other is relative or the n * m type photoswitch etc. that a movable optical fiber are switched to two fixed fibers are arranged from the branches of light path.
Have with electric or optical profile type ground about the switching mode of photoswitch to change the refractive index of light path or phase place and to replace the mode of direct of travel of light or mechanically mobile light path and the mode etc. of replacing the direct of travel of light, and mechanical optical switch wherein have the coupling loss of light little, almost not have an advantage of the light wavelength interdependence of propagation.Therefore, according to various switching purposes and branches, the mechanical optical switch of various structures has been proposed.
For example, the mechanical optical switch of No. the 6169826th, United States Patent (USP) as shown in figure 11 record possesses: the movable member 30 of soft magnetism ceramic that is fixed on the front end of two movable optical fiber 20a, 20b; Be fixed on the fixed part 32 of the relative position of movable member 30; Be fixed on four fixed fiber 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d on the fixed part 32; The driver (actuator) that movable member 30 relative fixed parts 32 are moved; Mechanism with movable optical fiber 20a, 20b relative fixed optical fiber 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d location.Described driver possesses: permanent magnet 52; With with movable member 30 at the mode of its moving direction clamping relative first and second yoke 50a, 50b; Be configured in coil 51a, 51b on the first and second yoke 50a, the 50b.This mechanical optical switch is small-sized and reliability is high, is widely used at present.
Optical communication net roughly is divided into the general line traffic net (being called communication system) that comprises intercity long haul communication and is enclosed in communication network [generally being called Local Area Network (LAN)] in the enterprise.In general line traffic net, for the obstacle that will be caused by the cut-out of optical fiber is suppressed at Min., often lay tediously long circuit optical fiber, and a lot of photoswitch is used to the switching between these tediously long circuits usefulness optical fiber.The optical fiber of this purposes only possesses the self-maintaining body that consumes electric power and do not need electric power when switching under the state of coupled fiber.The photoswitch of No. 6169826 record of United States Patent (USP) is after moving movable optical fiber, to utilize permanent magnet to keep breech lock (latch) the type photoswitch of its position to coil electricity, and is very suitable to such use.
LAN system optical communication net has formed optical loop as a whole, and the end device of optical fiber on loop is connected, temporarily convert the light signal of injecting to electric signal, be carried out for accepting from the electric signal of end device by copper cash and after the necessary processing, convert electric signal return loop again to the signal of LAN.As long as each terminal operate as normal, then this communication network is no problem, if but a terminal break down, then after this can not accept light signal, cause the problem of the whole paralysis of communication network.For preventing this problem, be necessary to be arranged on the photoswitch that its terminal takes place to cut off from optical loop when unusual terminal.In the case, preferably do not use movable optical fiber to continue to maintain above-mentioned latch-type photoswitch on the holding position, and use non-breech lock (non-latch) the type photoswitch that when normal electrical signal disappears, automatically restores to predefined " origin position ".The photoswitch of No. the 6169826th, United States Patent (USP) record is to have adopted only to use the small-sized of electromagnetic force and structure that reliability is high in change action, but is not non-latch-type.Do not obtain restoring force in order not make electricity consumption, it is also conceivable that the use spring, if but in the electromagnetism operation type photoswitch of No. 6169826 record of United States Patent (USP), assemble spring device, then structure can become complicated.
Summary of the invention
Thereby, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of non-latch-type photoswitch that can when generation is unusual, movable optical fiber be moved to the small-sized and high reliability of origin position.
One embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of photoswitch, is used to switch the coupling of movable optical fiber and fixed fiber, it is characterized in that possessing: the movable back-up block of soft magnetism that is fixed on the front end of described movable optical fiber; When being fixed with described fixed fiber, be fixed on the soft magnetism fixed support block of the position relative with described movable back-up block; Be used for driver that described movable back-up block is moved relative to described fixed support block; With the mechanism of described movable back-up block with respect to described fixed support block location, and described driver possesses: yoke has a pair of arm with the clamping on its moving direction of described movable back-up block at the base portion two ends of yoke; Be installed in the permanent magnet of the base portion of described yoke; At least at the coil of a side arm configuration, position regardless of described movable back-up block, the magnetic flux that is produced by described permanent magnet all is, the magnetic flux in first gap between one side's arm and the described movable back-up block is compared more with the opposing party's the arm and the magnetic flux in second gap between the described movable back-up block.
In the technical scheme of one embodiment of the present invention, optimal way is the width difference in described first and second gaps on the moving direction of described movable back-up block.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of photoswitch, is used to switch the coupling of movable optical fiber and fixed fiber, it is characterized in that possessing: the movable back-up block of soft magnetism that is fixed on the front end of described movable optical fiber; When being fixed with described fixed fiber, be fixed on the soft magnetism fixed support block of the position relative with described movable back-up block; Be used for driver that described movable back-up block is moved relative to described fixed support block; With the mechanism of described movable back-up block with respect to described fixed support block location, and described driver possesses: yoke has a pair of arm with the clamping on its moving direction of described movable back-up block at the base portion two ends of yoke; The permanent magnet of between the base portion of described fixed support block and described yoke, fixing; Be wound on the coil of the arm of described yoke, and, described movable back-up block is moving near the origin position of side's arm with between near closure (make) position of the opposing party's arm, and, when described coil is produced magnetic flux by excitation, the fluxoid amount of passing through in the fluxoid amount of passing through in first gap between described movable back-up block and side's arm and second gap between described movable back-up block and the opposing party's arm is compared still less, make described movable back-up block remain on described make-position, but described movable back-up block returns described origin position when described coil is in no excited state, described movable back-up block in the time will being in described origin position, and the width in first and second gap between described side's arm and the described the opposing party's arm is made as respectively under the situation of a and b, the displacement of described movable back-up block is made as s, and then the width (a+s) in described first gap when being in described make-position is less than the width in described second gap (b-s).
In the technical scheme of another embodiment of the present invention, optimal way is, ((b-a-2s) is more than the 0.3mm to the difference of b-s) for the width (a+s) in described first gap when being in described make-position and the width in described second gap.
An embodiment more of the present invention provides a kind of photoswitch, is used to switch the coupling of movable optical fiber and fixed fiber, it is characterized in that possessing: the movable back-up block of soft magnetism that is fixed on the front end of described movable optical fiber; When being fixed with described fixed fiber, be fixed on the soft magnetism fixed support block of the position relative with described movable back-up block; Be used for driver that described movable back-up block is moved relative to described fixed support block; With the mechanism of described movable back-up block with respect to described fixed support block location, and described driver possesses: yoke has a pair of arm with the clamping on its moving direction of described movable back-up block at the base portion two ends of yoke; Be installed in the permanent magnet of the base portion of described yoke; Be wound on the coil at least one side's arm of described yoke, and, described permanent magnet is installed in the position of disalignment on the intermediate length direction of a pair of arm, described movable back-up block is moving near the origin position of side's arm with between near the make-position of the opposing party's arm, when described coil is produced magnetic flux by excitation, the fluxoid amount of passing through in the fluxoid amount of passing through in first gap between described movable back-up block and side's arm and second gap between described movable back-up block and the opposing party's arm is compared still less, make described movable back-up block remain on described make-position, but described movable back-up block return described origin position when described coil is in no excited state.
According to above-mentioned formation, described permanent magnet produces magnetic flux by in first magnetic flux path and second magnetic flux path, therefore in the magnetic flux of described permanent magnet, one whole soon a side in first gap more than second gap, wherein, described first magnetic flux path is illustrated in described permanent magnet, described fixed support block, described movable back-up block, the path of passing through between first gap and a described side's the arm, described second magnetic flux path is illustrated in described permanent magnet, described the opposing party's arm, second gap, described movable back-up block, the path of passing through between first gap and a described side's the arm.
Preferred mode is, the width in first and second gaps in the time will being in described origin position is made as a and b respectively, and when the displacement of described movable back-up block is made as s, returns the amount of putting δ greater than 0 by δ=[(b-s)-a] expression.At this moment, by the photoswitch that satisfies b=(a+s) relation, improve the reliability that the oneself to origin position resets.
Preferred mode is, disposes described coil at each arm of described yoke.
Preferred mode is that at least one side in described movable back-up block and the described fixed support block is made of soft magnetic ferrite.Preferred mode is that described soft magnetic ferrite is a manganese-zinc ferrite.Use monocrystalline ferrite as soft magnetic ferrite, then than being easier to improve machining precision.
More preferably mode is, described movable optical fiber and/or described fixed fiber have many.
As mentioned above, move movable optical fiber and the of the present invention non-latch-type photoswitch of mechanical type switching-over light path, can under the abnormal conditions that power supply or control signal are interrupted, automatically light path be returned origin position with electromagnetic force, and small-sized, precision is high.Photoswitch of the present invention with these features can perform well in optical communication apparatus or the light transmitting device etc.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 (a) is the vertical view of the photoswitch of expression embodiments of the present invention one.
Fig. 1 (b) is the exploded view of major part of the photoswitch of presentation graphs 1 (a).
Fig. 1 (c) is C-C sectional view of Fig. 1 (b).
Fig. 2 (a) is amplification A-A sectional view of Fig. 1 (a).
Fig. 2 (b) is amplification B-B sectional view of Fig. 1 (a).
Fig. 3 (a) is the skeleton diagram that is illustrated in the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet when movable back-up block is maintained at origin position in the photoswitch of Fig. 1 (a).
Fig. 3 (b) is the skeleton diagram that is illustrated in the magnetic flux of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet when origin position switches to make-position (make position) of movable back-up block in the photoswitch of Fig. 1 (a) and coil.
Fig. 3 (c) is illustrated in movable back-up block when movable back-up block is maintained at make-position in the photoswitch of Fig. 1 (a) and the skeleton diagram of the distance between the front end yoke parts.
Fig. 4 is the curve map of time amount of putting and the relation between the magnetic attraction on the air gap of expression embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is the coil mmf of expression embodiment 1 and the curve map of the relation between the magnetic attraction on the air gap.
Fig. 6 is the vertical view of the photoswitch of expression embodiments of the present invention two.
Fig. 7 (a) is the skeleton diagram that is illustrated in the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet when movable back-up block remains on origin position in the photoswitch of Fig. 6.
Fig. 7 (b) is the skeleton diagram that is illustrated in the magnetic flux of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet when origin position switches to make-position of movable back-up block in the photoswitch of Fig. 6 and coil.
Fig. 7 (c) is illustrated in movable back-up block when movable back-up block remains on make-position in the photoswitch of Fig. 6 and the skeleton diagram of the distance between the front end yoke parts.
Fig. 8 is the vertical view of the photoswitch of expression embodiments of the present invention three.
Fig. 9 (a) is the skeleton diagram that is illustrated in the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet when movable back-up block remains on origin position in the photoswitch of Fig. 8.
Fig. 9 (b) is the skeleton diagram that is illustrated in the magnetic flux of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet when origin position switches to make-position of movable back-up block in the photoswitch of Fig. 8 and coil.
Fig. 9 (c) is illustrated in movable back-up block when movable back-up block remains on make-position in the photoswitch of Fig. 8 and the skeleton diagram of the distance between the front end yoke parts.
Figure 10 is the coil mmf of expression embodiment 3 and the curve map of the relation between the magnetic attraction.
Figure 11 is the vertical view that is illustrated in the photoswitch of record in No. the 6169826th, the United States Patent (USP).
Embodiment
(embodiment one)
As an example of the of the present invention non-latch-type photoswitch that utilizes electromagnetic force work,, the photoswitch of 2 * 4 types is described below with reference to Fig. 1～3.On non-magnetic substrate 15, be fixed with electromagnetic driver 10 that moves movable back-up block 5 and the back-up block 4 that supports movable optical fiber 2a, 2b.Substrate 15 so long as non magnetic getting final product can form by nonmagnetic materials such as stainless steel, pottery, glass.Electromagnetic driver 10 possesses soft magnetism yoke 1 (for example by soft magnetic iron or permalloy manufacturing) and soft magnetism fixed support block 6 (for example being made by soft magnetisms such as soft magnetic ferrite pottery) and permanent magnet 8 (for example neodymium-iron-boron alloy system) and coil 9a, 9b.Back-up block 4 with fixed support block 6 so that movable optical fiber 2 be fixed on the substrate 15 with fixed fiber 3 parallel modes.
By to coil 9a, 9b energising, produce magnetic flux by yoke 1 and movable back-up block 5.Switch by changing the electric current pass through in coil 9a, 9b, polarity, amount etc. can change magnetic flux.By coil 9a, 9b being carried out switch control, can carry out switching between non-latch mode (non-self-hold mode) and the latch mode (self-hold mode) to movable optical fiber.
Shown in Fig. 2 (a), fixed support block 6 is made of soft magnetism back-up block main body 6a and glass pressing plate 6b fixed thereon.On soft magnetism back-up block main body 6a, be formed with the V word shape groove 71,71 of four V word shape grooves 23 and both sides abreast, wherein, four V word shape grooves 23 are used for fixing four fixed fiber 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, and the V word shape groove 71,71 of both sides is used for fixing superhard matter metal two register pin 7a, 7b.Below agreement with fiber length be made as X-direction, will be therewith the direction of quadrature be made as X-direction.
Shown in Fig. 1 (b) and 2 (b), constitute by soft magnetism back-up block main body 5a and fixing thereon glass pressing plate 5b with the fixed support block 6 relative movable back-up block 5 of specified gap of being separated by.Parallel two V word shape grooves 23 and dovetail groove 72a, the 72b of being formed with on back-up block main body 5a, wherein, two V word shape grooves 23 are used for fixing two movable optical fiber 2a, 2b, dovetail groove 72a, 72b carrying two register pin 7a, 7b and the width with removable distance identical apart from s with the switching of fixed fiber 3a, 3b and 3c, 3d.Movable back-up block 5 supports the leading section of movable optical fiber 2a, 2b, by by the register pin 7a of dovetail groove 72a, 72b carrying, the effect of 7b, moves freely apart from s in Y direction simultaneously.The each several part height of photoswitch 1 is for example shown in Fig. 1 (c).
Movable back-up block 5 and fixed support block 6 are all formed by soft-magnetic body.In order to obtain the sufficient magnetic attraction to yoke, soft-magnetic body preferably has the above saturation magnetic flux density of 0.3T (3kG).The preferred soft magnetism pottery of soft-magnetic body, especially preferred soft magnetic ferrite.Soft magnetic ferrite can carry out high-precision processing, and compares with soft magnetic metal and to have the thermal expansivity that approaches as the glass of fiber optic materials, therefore can obtain the high reliability photoswitch.In addition, be low-density because soft magnetic ferrite is compared soft magnetic metal, therefore movable back-up block 5 is well suited for.In addition, if holding member 4 is also formed by identical soft magnetic ferrite, then holding member 4, movable back-up block 5 and fixed support block 6 all have identical thermal expansivity, therefore can not caused the position deviation of movable side and fixation side optical fiber by temperature variation.
Preferred soft magnetic ferrite is manganese-zinc ferrite, nickel-zinc ferrite etc.Wherein manganese-zinc ferrite is owing to have high magnetoconductivity and a saturation magnetic flux density, and is therefore especially preferred.
By supporting respectively with movable back-up block 5 and fixed support block 6 near the coupling part of movable optical fiber 2a, 2b and fixed fiber 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, the optical fiber dislocation obtains the high position precision in the time of can preventing to drive.In addition, the movable back-up block 5 that is made of soft magnetic ferrite is little owing to elastic deformation, though therefore small-sized slimming, dislocation in the time of also suppressing to drive and warpage.
The photoswitch of present embodiment is characterised in that, the width of air gap (air gap) Ga (first air gap) between movable back-up block 5 in the time will being in origin position and the front end yoke parts 1d is made as a, the width of the air gap Gb (interstice) between movable back-up block 5 and the front end yoke parts 1e is made as b, the amount of movement of movable back-up block 5 is made as under the situation of s, a＜b not only, and satisfy (a+s)＜(b-s).Therefore, when in coil 9a, 9b, not flowing through under the state of electric current, must be by the magnetic flux of air gap Ga more than magnetic flux by air gap Gb, therefore movable back-up block 5 is drawn by forward end yoke parts 1d side draught.At this moment, claim movable back-up block 5 to be positioned at origin position.At origin position, movable back-up block 5 is maintained at front end yoke parts 1d side, movable optical fiber 2a and fixed fiber 3a coupling, movable optical fiber 2b and fixed fiber 3c coupling.
In Fig. 3 (a), the magnetic flux of having represented to be in the permanent magnet 8 of origin position with black arrow passes through situation.In order to be illustrated more clearly in the exaggerative distance that has shown between movable back-up block 5 and front end yoke parts 1d, the 1e.The magnetic flux that permanent magnet 8 produces passes through at first magnetic flux path of fixed support block 6 → movable back-up block 5 → front end yoke parts 1d → arm 1a → base portion 1c → permanent magnet 8 and second magnetic flux path of fixed support block 6 → movable back-up block 5 → front end yoke parts 1e → arm 1b → base portion 1c → permanent magnet 8.At origin position, because the width a of air gap Ga is fully littler than the width b of air gap Gb, therefore the magnetic flux that passes through at air gap Ga is far more than the magnetic flux that passes through at air gap Gb.As formula F=φ
2/ 2 μ A (wherein, φ is to be the area of air gap, the magnetoconductivity that μ is air gap by the magnetic flux in air gap, A) expression like that, magnetic attraction F and magnetic flux square proportional, therefore movably back-up block 5 can attract towards front end yoke parts 1d exactly.Wherein, " air gap " recited above is meant the space between magnetic, here except gases such as air, can also fill coupling oil liquid such as (matching oil).
The photoswitch of present embodiment is owing at the inboard of yoke 1 (between two arm 1a, the 1b) configuration movable back-up block 5, fixed support block 6 and permanent magnet 8, therefore can prevent the flux leakage of permanent magnet 8.Therefore, by not based on the magnetic pole of the magnetic circuit of fixed support block and permanent magnet by open photoswitch, can be at the effective conducting magnetic flux of air gap between movable back-up block 5 and two arm 1a, the 1b.In addition, in this configuration, the interval between movable back-up block 5 and a pair of arm 1a, the 1b is preferably different.Like this, the magnetic loop that is formed by permanent magnet 8 is divided into first magnetic flux path of big magnetic flux and second magnetic flux path of little magnetic flux, generation is poor to the attractive force of movable back-up block 5, thereby under the state to coil 9a, the non-excitation of 9b, can make movable back-up block 5 remain on origin position really.
The change action of Fig. 3 (b) expression from the origin position to the make-position.In coil 9a, 9b,,, strengthen the magnetic flux (representing) of the permanent magnet 9 that passes through at air gap Gb simultaneously with white arrow to eliminate the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 8 that passes through at air gap Ga by electric current.Coil 9a, 9b can control respectively, but for making convenient control, pass through same current after the preferred series connection.The magnetic flux that coil 9a, 9b produce passes through along the path of yoke 1 → front end yoke parts 1d → movable back-up block 5 → front end yoke parts 1e → yoke 1.Thereby,, move movable back-up block 5 from front end yoke parts 1d side direction front end yoke parts 1e sides (make-position) by the magnetic flux that in two air gap Ga, Gb, passes through (magnetic flux of the magnetic flux of permanent magnet 8+ coil 9a, 9b).In make-position, movable optical fiber 2a and fixed fiber 3b coupling, movable optical fiber 2b and fixed fiber 3d coupling.
The width of each air gap Ga, the Gb of Fig. 3 (c) movable back-up block 5 of expression when make-position.As mentioned above, the width (a+s) of air gap Ga when make-position is than the width (b-s) enough little of air gap Gb, and the magnetic flux that produces by coil 9a, 9b, fluxoid by air gap Ga is less than the fluxoid by air gap Gb, therefore movable back-up block 5 is attracted by front end yoke parts 1e, continues to remain on make-position.Form two magnetic circuits like this, can be with little current drives electromagnetic driver 10.Especially when with two coil 9a, when 9b is connected in series, can use significantly little current drives.Its result for for keeping the non-latch-type photoswitch that make-position must continue energising, also can significantly suppress to consume electric power.
If by reasons such as the releasing of electrical instruction or power failures, obstructed excess current among coil 9a, the 9b, then the magnetic flux that is caused by coil 9a, 9b is cut down, only stay the magnetic flux that causes by permanent magnet 8, therefore be in the state of Fig. 3 (a), movable back-up block 5 is drawn by forward end yoke parts 1d side draught, returns origin position.Like this, when the end device normal work period remains on make-position, produce unusually and make electric signal or electric energy to disappear but work as end device, then movable back-up block 5 can not be kept make-position, and returns origin position automatically.This non-latch-type action is by being set as (a+s)＜(b-s) realize.((b-a-2s) be preferably in more than the 0.3mm is even also can positively switch to origin position so that have the situation of big quality or be subjected at movable back-up block 5 under the situation of gravity effect for the difference of b-s) for the width (a+s) of air gap Ga during make-position and the width of air gap Gb.
Under the situation of self-retentivity photoswitch (No. the 6169826th, United States Patent (USP)), the width of air gap Gb between front end yoke parts 1e that represents with the imaginary line among Fig. 3 (c) and the movable back-up block 5 is a, but in the photoswitch of present embodiment, the width of air gap Gb is (b-s).Therefore returning and putting (setback) amount δ is [(b-s)-a].The difference of the width of air gap Ga and the width of air gap Gb is relevant with time amount of putting δ.
(embodiment two)
The feature of the photoswitch of embodiment two is that the part in yoke has permanent magnet.Thereby do not satisfy (a+s)＜(important document of b-s) or δ [=(b-s)-a]〉0 important document.Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 have represented the concrete example of this photoswitch, but have enclosed identical reference marks on the parts identical with embodiment one, and have omitted related description.
As shown in Figure 6, central authorities at the base portion 1c of the yoke 1 of the roughly E word shape with a pair of arm 1a, 1b are provided with protuberance 1f, in the position (arm 1a side) that the length direction center line 40 from the centre by a pair of arm 1a, 1b is offset permanent magnet 8 are installed simultaneously.The movable back-up block 5 of Fig. 7 (a) expression remains on the state of front end yoke parts 1d sides (being positioned at origin position).At this state, the magnetic flux (representing with black arrow) that permanent magnet 8 produces is divided into first magnetic flux path of base portion 1c → fixed support block 6 → movable back-up block 5 → front end yoke parts 1d → arm 1a and second magnetic flux path of base portion 1c → arm 1b → front end yoke parts 1e → movable back-up block 5 → front end yoke parts 1d → arm 1a.Wherein, permanent magnet can also be located at the position of front end yoke parts 1d except being located in the base portion 1c.
Only pass through second magnetic flux path among the air gap Gb between front end yoke parts 1e and movable back-up block 5, and pass through first and second magnetic flux paths among the air gap Ga between movable back-up block 5 and front end yoke parts 1d, so the magnetic flux of air gap Ga is fully bigger than the magnetic flux of air gap Gb.Thereby, the difference of magnetic flux causes the difference of magnetic attraction, make when in coil 9a, 9b by under the state of electric current, movable back-up block 5 is maintained at front end yoke parts 1d side, and then movable optical fiber 2a is coupled with fixed fiber 3a coupling, movable optical fiber 2b and fixed fiber 3c.
The change action of Fig. 7 (b) expression from the origin position to the make-position.Become contrary direction with the magnetic flux of permanent magnet 8 by making by the magnetic flux that in coil 9a, 9b, produces (representing) with white arrow by electric current, and abundant bigger than it, and therefore the fluxoid of passing through in air gap Gb is fully more than the fluxoid of passing through in air gap Ga.Thus, only, movable back-up block 5 can be remained on make-position by in coil 9a, 9b, switching on.
The width of each air gap Ga, the Gb of Fig. 7 (c) movable back-up block 5 of expression when make-position.Though illustrated example satisfies the important document of (a+s)=b, not necessarily.The width of air gap Ga is that (a+s) and the width of air gap Gb are (b-s) when make-position, even and in this case the magnetic flux of permanent magnet 8 also being that the side of air gap Ga sets far more than the side's of air gap Gb mode, therefore if cause obstructed excess current among coil 9a, the 9b by the releasing of coil electricity instruction or power failure etc., movable back-up block 5 also can return the origin position of front end yoke parts 1d side automatically.If working properlyization of end device, then by the magnetic flux of coil 9a, 9b generation, movable back-up block 5 can move to make-position and remain on this position.Thereby the photoswitch of present embodiment is non-latch-type photoswitch.
(embodiment three)
(a+s)＜(the important document of the important document of b-s) and δ [=(b-s)-a], other are identical with embodiment two except satisfying for embodiment three.The parts identical with embodiment two have been given identical reference marks, and have omitted related description.Fig. 8 represents to be in the photoswitch of the embodiment three of origin position.Front end yoke parts 1e approaches back the amount of putting δ than the front end yoke parts (dotting) of embodiment two.As Fig. 9 (a) with (c), when movable back-up block 5 is in origin position, if the width of air gap Ga, Gb is made as a, b, the amount of movement of movable back-up block 5 is made as s, then the width of air gap Ga, the Gb when movable back-up block 5 is in the close position becomes (a+s) and (b-s).Return the amount of putting δ by [(b-s)-a] expression.
The width of the air gap Gb of embodiment three is than the wide time amount of putting δ of this width of embodiment two, therefore compare with embodiment two, the magnetic flux (representing with black arrow) of the permanent magnet 8 by air gap Ga in embodiment three is more, and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 8 by air gap Gb still less.Thereby, when obstructed excess current in coil 9a, 9b, compare with embodiment two, movable back-up block 5 remains on front end yoke parts 1d sides (origin position) more powerfully under the situation of embodiment three.
The change action of Fig. 9 (b) expression from the origin position to the make-position.If in coil 9a, 9b, produce magnetic flux (representing) with white arrow by electricity, then the magnetic flux (representing with white arrow) of the magnetic flux of permanent magnet 8 (representing with black arrow) and coil 9a, 9b is roughly offset in air gap Ga, and in air gap Gb since the magnetic flux of coil 9a, 9b much larger than the magnetic flux of permanent magnet 8, therefore in the fluxoid amount of air gap Gb greater than fluxoid amount at air gap Ga, movable back-up block 5 from front end yoke parts 1d side towards front end yoke parts 1e side shifting.
The width of each air gap Ga, the Gb of Fig. 9 (c) movable back-up block 5 of expression when make-position.Because these situations with embodiment one are identical, therefore omit explanation.Wherein, as mentioned above, compare with embodiment two, the magnetic flux (representing with black arrow) of the permanent magnet 8 by air gap Ga in embodiment three is more, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 8 by air gap Gb still less, therefore if cause obstructed excess current in coil 9a, 9b by the releasing of coil electricity instruction or power failure etc., then movable back-up block 5 can be to return front end yoke parts 1d side and to keep this position than strength bigger in embodiment two.
In embodiment two, three, because the magnetic flux that permanent magnet 8 is produced is divided into only in path that side's arm 1a passes through and the path of all passing through at both sides' arm 1a, 1b, therefore (a) satisfy under the situation of important document of (a+s)=b as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 and (b) as Fig. 8 and shown in Figure 9 satisfy (a+s)＜(important document of b-s) and δ [(b-s)-a]〉under the situation of 0 important document, the magnetic flux of permanent magnet 8 is more than the magnetic flux of permanent magnet 8 among the air gap Gb of arm 1b side among the air gap Ga of arm 1a side.It is different that this point and permanent magnet 8 are located at the embodiment one of base portion 1c central authorities of yoke 1.
Under above-mentioned arbitrary photoswitch situation, all be the magnetic flux of the magnetic flux of air gap Ga about the magnetic flux of permanent magnet 8 more than air gap Gb, therefore as coil 9a, when 9b does not have excitation, movably back-up block 5 remains on origin position.During coil 9a, 9b are by excitation, lack than fluxoid amount by the fluxoid amount of air gap Ga by air gap Gb, movable back-up block 5 remains on make-position.If but coil 9a, 9b are in no excited state, then movable back-up block 5 returns origin position automatically.Thereby the photoswitch of present embodiment also is non-latch-type photoswitch.
The present invention can carry out various changes in the scope that does not exceed technological thought.For example, yoke adopts the E word shape in the above-described embodiment, but is not limited to this, gets final product so long as can have the yoke of the arm of almost parallel, can also be コ word shape for example.In addition, the arm of yoke and base portion can be one, also can split.Can will dock in addition with incorporate arm of L word shape and base portion.
About permanent magnet, when for example can being clipped between the adjacent yoke portion under the situation that is combined yoke, and under the situation that be one-piece type yoke, can be installed in recess.
For will the pin freedom of movement that is used for locating between origin position and the make-position accommodate and be formed on groove on the back-up block main body of movable back-up block and fixed support block, except being trapezoidal, can also be rectangle.In addition, as long as the groove of fixed fiber and the groove of accommodating pin are formed on back-up block main body and/or the pressing plate.
Return the amount of putting δ except realizing, can also obtain by the position of adjusting two arms by two front end yoke parts are designed to different-thickness.At this moment, can adjust the position of two arms by soft magnetism spacer (spacer) is installed between the wrist of yoke and base portion.In the case, can also save front end yoke parts.In addition, asymmetric for the amount that makes the magnetic flux that in air gap Ga, Gb, passes through, can to yoke the gap be set in the position of departing from from long side direction center line 40, perhaps can also insert nonmagnetic material or low-permeability material in this gap.
Pressing plate is not limited to glass, can also be to be formed by the soft magnetism pottery identical with fixed support block with movable back-up block, so that make thermal expansivity identical.
For being described in more detail the present invention, introduce specific embodiment below, but this and do not mean that the present invention is limited by these embodiment.
(embodiment 1)
Action to photoswitch shown in Figure 1 is tested.Back-up block 4, movable back-up block 5 and fixed support block 6 are all by the saturation magnetic flux density with 0.47T (4700G), 1500 magnetoconductivity (at1kHz) and 115 * 10
-7/ ℃ the manganese-zinc ferrite of thermal expansivity form.Movable back-up block 5 has the thickness of 1.9mm, the X-direction width of 3mm and the Y direction width of 2.5mm.By the front end yoke parts 1d of SS400 (JIS specification) formation, the suction surface of 1e is 2mm * 1.9mm, and it is relative with movable back-up block 5 in Y direction.The number of turns of each coil 9a, 9b is 500 circles.The displacement s that the width a of air gap Ga between front end yoke parts 1d when origin position and the movable back-up block 5 is made as 0.075mm, movable back-up block 5 is made as 0.25mm.
Under the state that coil electricity is not flowed, increase the width b of air gap Gb, measured the magnetic attraction in air gap Ga, Gb.Fig. 4 ecbatic.Wherein, will just be made as, will be made as negative to the magnetic attraction of make-position direction to the magnetic attraction of origin position direction.
From Fig. 4, can be clear that, when the magnetic attraction in the make-position side is zero (switching to the origin position side from the make-position survey), time amount of putting [(b-s)-a] be about 0.25mm.At this moment, a+s=0.325mm, b-s=δ+a=0.325mm.Thereby, be set at above 0.25mm if will return the amount of putting, then satisfy (a+s)＜(relation of b-s) acts on the recuperability towards origin position all the time.Wherein, when returning the amount of putting δ=0, be self-maintenance photoswitch.
To return put quantitative change more 0.3mm, to coil 9a, 9b excitation, measured the magnetic attraction of origin position side and make-position side.Fig. 5 ecbatic.From Fig. 5, can see, if the electric current by more than about 30AT in each coil 9a, 9b then can move from origin position movable back-up block 5 to make-position.
In addition, between-20 ℃～+ 80 ℃, the loss that sees through light is very little amount, be-0.5dB.(embodiment 2)
Be made as the 3.2mm other photoswitches identical for be made as 2mm, Y direction width except X-direction width with embodiment 1 with movable back-up block 5, to return the amount of putting δ and be made as 0.5mm, 0.7mm and 0.75mm, be about to [(b-s)-(a+s)] be made as 0.25mm, 0.45mm and 0.5mm, tested working condition.It found that, being made as 0.7mm and 0.75mm when returning the amount of putting δ, being about to [(b-s)-(a+s)] is made as under the situation of 0.45mm and 0.5mm and can reappears non-breech lock action really, but be made as under the situation of 0.25mm will returning the amount of putting δ and be made as 0.5mm, be about to [(b-s)-(a+s)], because the magnetic attraction deficiency fails all to reappear non-breech lock action at every turn.Hence one can see that, and the width of the width of air gap Ga (a+s) and air gap Gb (difference of b-s) (b-a-2s) preferably more than the 0.3mm.In addition, identical through the loss of light with embodiment 1.
(embodiment 3)
Action to photoswitch shown in Figure 6 is tested.Movable back-up block 5 has the thickness of 1.9mm, the X-direction width of 3mm and the Y direction width of 2.5mm.The suction surface of front end yoke parts 1d, the 1e that is made of SS400 (JIS specification) is width 2mm and thickness 1.9mm, it in Y direction with movably back-up block 5 is relative.The number of turns of each coil 9a, 9b is 500 circles.The width a of air gap Ga between front end yoke parts 1d when origin position and the movable back-up block 5 be made as 0.075mm, with the width b of the air gap Gb between front end yoke parts 1e and the movable back-up block 5 be made as 0.325mm, the width with the air gap between movable back-up block 5 and the fixed support block 6 is made as 0.35mm simultaneously.The displacement s of movable back-up block 5 is made as 0.25mm.
To the electric current of the logical same amount of two coil 9a, 9b, measured magnetic attraction between movable back-up block 5 and the front end yoke parts in origin position and make-position respectively.Figure 10 ecbatic.Therefrom as can be known: the magnetic attraction that is in origin position under about 65AT becomes 0, if by surpassing the electric current of this value, then switch to make-position.Know that in addition even cut off electric current when make-position, then magnetic attraction just becomes, origin position automatically resets.In addition, identical through the loss of light with embodiment 1.
Claims (10)
1. photoswitch, the coupling that is used to switch movable optical fiber and fixed fiber is characterized in that,
Possess:
Be fixed on the movable back-up block of soft magnetism of the front end of described movable optical fiber;
When being fixed with described fixed fiber, be fixed on the soft magnetism fixed support block of the position relative with described movable back-up block;
Be used for driver that described movable back-up block is moved relative to described fixed support block;
With the mechanism of described movable back-up block with respect to described fixed support block location,
Described driver possesses: yoke has a pair of arm with the clamping on its moving direction of described movable back-up block at the base portion two ends of yoke; Be installed in the permanent magnet of the base portion of described yoke; At least at the coil of a side arm configuration,
Described fixed support block directly is fixed on the base portion of described yoke or is fixed on via described permanent magnet on the base portion of described yoke,
Position regardless of described movable back-up block, all be that the magnetic flux in first gap between a side arm and the described movable back-up block is more than the magnetic flux in the opposing party's arm and second gap between the described movable back-up block about the magnetic flux that produces by described permanent magnet.
2. photoswitch as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
The width difference in described first and second gaps on the moving direction of described movable back-up block.
3. photoswitch as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described movable back-up block is moving near the origin position of side's arm with between near the make-position of the opposing party's arm,
When described coil is produced magnetic flux by excitation, make described movable back-up block remain on described make-position, but described movable back-up block return described origin position when described coil is in no excited state.
4. photoswitch, the coupling that is used to switch movable optical fiber and fixed fiber is characterized in that,
Possess:
Be fixed on the movable back-up block of soft magnetism of the front end of described movable optical fiber;
When being fixed with described fixed fiber, be fixed on the soft magnetism fixed support block of the position relative with described movable back-up block;
Be used for driver that described movable back-up block is moved relative to described fixed support block;
With the mechanism of described movable back-up block with respect to described fixed support block location,
Described driver possesses: yoke has a pair of arm with the clamping on its moving direction of described movable back-up block at the base portion two ends of yoke; The permanent magnet of between the base portion of described fixed support block and described yoke, fixing; Be wound on the coil of the arm of described yoke,
Described movable back-up block is moving near the origin position of side's arm with between near the make-position of the opposing party's arm,
When described coil is produced magnetic flux by excitation, the fluxoid amount of passing through in first gap between described movable back-up block and side's arm, with second gap between described movable back-up block and the opposing party's arm in the fluxoid amount passed through compare and will lack, make described movable back-up block remain on described make-position, but described movable back-up block returns described origin position when described coil is in no excited state
Described movable back-up block in the time will being in described origin position, and described side's arm and described the opposing party's arm between the width in first and second gap be made as respectively under the situation of a and b, the displacement of described movable back-up block is made as s, and then the width a+s in described first gap when being in described make-position is less than the width b-s in described second gap.
5. photoswitch as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that:
Difference b-a-2s of the width a+s in described first gap when being in described make-position and the width b-s in described second gap is more than the 0.3mm.
6. photoswitch as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that:
The width in first and second gaps in the time will being in described origin position is made as a and b respectively, and when the displacement of described movable back-up block is made as s, returns the amount of putting δ greater than 0 by what δ=b-s-a represented.
7. photoswitch, the coupling that is used to switch movable optical fiber and fixed fiber is characterized in that,
Possess:
Be fixed on the movable back-up block of soft magnetism of the front end of described movable optical fiber;
When being fixed with described fixed fiber, be fixed on the soft magnetism fixed support block of the position relative with described movable back-up block;
Be used for driver that described movable back-up block is moved relative to described fixed support block;
With the mechanism of described movable back-up block with respect to described fixed support block location,
Described driver possesses: yoke has a pair of arm with the clamping on its moving direction of described movable back-up block at the base portion two ends of yoke; Be installed in the permanent magnet of the base portion of described yoke; Be wound on the coil at least one side's arm of described yoke,
Described permanent magnet is installed in the position of disalignment on the intermediate length direction of a pair of arm,
Described movable back-up block is moving near the origin position of side's arm with between near the make-position of the opposing party's arm,
When described coil is produced magnetic flux by excitation, the fluxoid amount of passing through in first gap between described movable back-up block and side's arm, with second gap between described movable back-up block and the opposing party's arm in the fluxoid amount passed through compare and will lack, make described movable back-up block remain on described make-position, but described movable back-up block return described origin position when described coil is in no excited state.
8. as any one described photoswitch in the claim 1～7, it is characterized in that:
Each arm in described yoke disposes described coil.
9. as any one described photoswitch in the claim 1～7, it is characterized in that:
At least one side in described movable back-up block and the described fixed support block is made of soft magnetic ferrite.
10. photoswitch as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that:
Described soft magnetic ferrite is a manganese-zinc ferrite.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003422686 | 2003-12-19 | ||
| JP422686/2003 | 2003-12-19 | ||
| JP009955/2004 | 2004-01-19 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1754114A CN1754114A (en) | 2006-03-29 |
| CN100483177C true CN100483177C (en) | 2009-04-29 |
Family
ID=36680285
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004800049296A Expired - Fee Related CN100483177C (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2004-12-20 | Optical switch |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100483177C (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016512654A (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2016-04-28 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェＫｏｎｉｎｋｌｉｊｋｅ Ｐｈｉｌｉｐｓ Ｎ．Ｖ． | U-shaped magnet for biosensor |
| CN106908090A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2017-06-30 | 泰科电子(上海)有限公司 | Optical sensor, optical sensor components and monitoring device |
| CN111474633B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2022-06-03 | 上海工程技术大学 | Electromagnetic double-reflector MEMS optical switch |
-
2004
- 2004-12-20 CN CNB2004800049296A patent/CN100483177C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1754114A (en) | 2006-03-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP3062881B2 (en) | Light switch | |
| US4699457A (en) | Optical fiber switch and method of making same | |
| CA1222540A (en) | Electric remote control | |
| US6102582A (en) | Article comprising controllable optical connectors | |
| JP3900301B2 (en) | Light switch | |
| US4610504A (en) | Fibre-optic switching means | |
| CN100483177C (en) | Optical switch | |
| US5150090A (en) | Electromagnetic polar relay | |
| CN113359240A (en) | Non-locking type optical switch | |
| US6421477B1 (en) | Optical switch | |
| KR20040000307A (en) | Optical switch | |
| JP3859120B2 (en) | Light switch | |
| CN215005969U (en) | Non-locking type optical switch | |
| Fischer et al. | A latching, bistable optical fiber switch combining LIGA technology with micromachined permanent magnets | |
| CN1131454C (en) | Electromagnetically driven micromechanical variable light attenuator | |
| CN113376752B (en) | Locking type optical switch | |
| CN215005968U (en) | Optical switch | |
| JPH04145409A (en) | Optical switch | |
| JP2004070162A (en) | Magnetic circuit and mechanical type optical switch using the same | |
| JP2001235690A (en) | Optical switch | |
| JPH10268212A (en) | Optical switch | |
| GB2158994A (en) | Electromagnetic switchgear | |
| CN113359239A (en) | Optical switch | |
| Nagaoka | Design of a latching type single‐mode fiber switch | |
| JPS58219501A (en) | Optical switch |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20090429 Termination date: 20101220 |