CN100481877C - Video signal processor and processing method - Google Patents
Video signal processor and processing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The video signal processor includes one receiving unit with at least one video picture memory; one decoder unit decoding compressed digital video bit element flow to produce video picture; one error signal generator unit producing error signal;and one filtering and processing unit responding the error signal to filter video signal. The processing method includes the steps of receiving video signal bit element flow, generating decoded video picture, generating a start signal for processing the selected region of the video picture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of video signal decoding apparatus and processing method thereof, particularly relevant for a kind of video signal decoding apparatus and processing method thereof in emission of digital video signal signal and reception.
Background technology
Because the interactive video signal system, more and more important in the coml status as the vision signal meeting, making, the transmission of vision signal signal quality just is being devoted to improve in the whole world.Because the development of data compression technique now can utilize traditional telephone line to transmit the instant video picture.As long as a PC, camera, modem cooperate suitable software again, just can carry out a vision signal meeting.
After the vision signal signal of video signal picks up via camera, with by similar MPEG, H.261, H.263 wait specific data compression agreement to be handled.Wherein MPEG is a kind of video signal compression/decompression standard of being promoted by animation expert group.MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 have passed through the approval of ISO/IEC-11172 of International Standards Organization and ISO/IEC-13818 respectively recently.The vision signal frame of each vision signal image all can be divided into 8 * 8 or 16 * 16 pixel (pixel), passes through a series of conversion again, to preserve the most information content and to reduce data element flow rate (data bit rate).Traditional practice is that these blocks or macro block (macroblocks) are done discrete cosine transform, quantizes the coefficient of discrete cos conversion again.In this quantization step, quantitative rate has determined the degree of roughness of picture, and bigger quantization degree causes the bigger distortion of picture detail.
As shown in Figure 1, it is the contract circuit block diagram of technology of traditional mpeg decompression.Wherein the compressed video signal bit element flow is input to a variable-length decoder (variable lengthdecoder), to produce control signal, utilize a reverse scanning device (inverse scarnner) again, be used for replying the data format of the zig-zag scanner of source code end.One inverse quantization device (inverse quantizer) is with the coefficient de-quantization, and an anti-discrete cos transducer produces spatial pixel data from the discrete cos conversion coefficient of de-quantization.Again each image block is carried out bit shift compensation, then again these blocks are combined to revert to original image frame.
In the prior art, use motion-vector in the step of carrying out bit shift compensation, to judge in the last width of cloth (or next width of cloth) image, which block is corresponding to the block in the existing vision signal frame, in the standard of MPEG2, used adaptability displacement compensation technique, wherein used the compensation method of an offset-type signal with selected each block.
Because the restriction of transmission channel frequency range, must between the renewal rate of picture and image quality, do a choice, if it is require the image quality height, low corresponding to the renewal rate of picture.Want each width of cloth picture that high definition is all arranged, the decoding amount of a width of cloth picture is just bigger, often causes the discontinuity of picture.If be conceived to the fluency of picture, then can be in the process of conversion some data of leakage and cause image quality inferior.Make us unhappy artificial synthetic vestige so there is the big picture of amount of exercise some can occur, cause the picture blockization, make these pictures become one one pixel but not smooth image.
A conventional art of handling this class block problem is to utilize Digital Signal Processing to filter all images.So-called " filtration treatment " mean in fact with image via digital processing Fuzzy Processing in addition, like this, each block is with the border of pixel can be more smooth-going harmonious on every side, and seems more natural.When the renewal rate of vision signal frame is very fast, will utilize a filter that whole image is carried out Fuzzy Processing, to reduce the degree of blockization.There is a kind of technology then to lay stress in addition by the upper limit of setting a sampling rate, to guarantee the quality of picture.
But the shortcoming of above-mentioned technology is, if set rate-limit, has then reduced user's use flexibility.As for the shortcoming of whole image being used several images filter devices then is the burden that has increased computer, in addition some do not have originally the action picture, also reduced image quality because of these unnecessary Fuzzy Processing.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method and device that detects high amount of exercise block, and suitable utilization filtering technique is handled the high amount of exercise block in the image.
Summary of the invention
For the present invention that achieves the above object takes following measure:
A kind of compressed digital video signals decoding device of the present invention comprises: a receiving system and a decoding device; It is characterized in that: also comprise: a filtration treatment device;
Receiving system is in order to receive a compressed digital video signals bit element flow;
Decoding device in order to the decoding of compressed digital video signals bit element flow, produces a series of decoded video frames and a control signal;
The filtration treatment device, in response in control signal, in order to optionally a series of decoded video frames being filtered,
Wherein said filtration treatment device comprises at least:
Firstorder filter is when above-mentioned error signal level surpasses preset value, in order to filter the block in the existing frame of video; And
Second order filter is when the corresponding block that is lower than a preset value and a previous frame of video when above-mentioned error signal level has been filtered, in order to filter this block.
A kind of decoding of the present invention and filtration treatment method in order to a compressed digital video signals bit element flow is filtered and decoding, and are expressed a series of frame of video, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Receive the compressed digital video signals bit element flow;
Produce the decoded video frames of series reaction vision signal bit element flow, decoded video frames comprises the image block at least;
Produce a start bit calibration signal, and this start bit calibration signal is reacted the difference of corresponding block in each image block and the previous frame of video;
In response in this initial signal, selectivity and this frame of video block of filtration treatment adaptively,
The step of wherein said filtration image block, further comprising the steps of:
Filter this image block, when described start bit calibration signal surpasses a preset value, utilize the first rank filter to filter; And
When above-mentioned initial signal level is lower than described preset value, when corresponding block has been filtered by the first rank filter in the previous picture simultaneously, then use the second rank filter to filter.
The present invention has following effect:
Method of the present invention and device utilize filtering technique after the adaptability, as the usefulness to video signal digital bit element flow coding and decoding, so that QA part becomes smooth-going in the image.One decoder receives a compression and looks reading word bit flow filament, and the picture of compressed video signal bit element flow is decoded, and forms a series of decoded picture.
According to the above, method of the present invention is done suitable filtration to part compressed video signal bit element flow, and the quality of image after improve decompressing makes picture become more smooth-going, and alleviates the block phenomenon when quantizing.
This method can be accelerated the speed of image in addition, keeps similar image quality simultaneously, makes that the action of mobile object be it seems more continuous also more natural in the film.
Reaching embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings is described in detail as follows specific structural features of the present invention:
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1: the decompression circuit block diagram that is suitable for video signal compression/decompression standard (MPEG) in the prior art.
Fig. 2: the video signal decoder in the apparatus for processing of video signals of the present invention and the circuit block diagram of postfilter.
Fig. 3: to the calculation flow chart that filters behind the decompressed video signal bit element flow.
Fig. 4: be the circuit block diagram of apparatus for processing of video signals of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 2, the decoder among the present invention (decoder) 200 comprises a video signal decoder (video decoder) 202, one existing frame of video holder (current framestore) 204, one previous frame of video holder (previous frame store) 206, one block variance analysis device (block difference analyzer) 208 and one adaptive filter (adaptive filter) 210 at least.Video signal decoder 202 receptions one include the compressed video signal bit element flow of sampling frequency coefficient and bit shift compensation data, are input in the existing frame of video holder 204 temporary through decoded frame signal.
Decoded and send into existing frame of video holder 204 when next width of cloth frame video signal, former storage frame of video within it will be imported in the previous frame of video holder 206, being stored in the image frame in existing frame of video holder 204 and the previous frame of video holder 206, then is the raw video frame of video that finishes the reconstruction of coding back.
Each is stored in the existing picture block in the existing picture holder 204, can be transferred in the block variance analysis device 208 via holding wire 216, formerly corresponding block in the video frame processor 206 then is transferred in the block variance analysis device 208 via holding wire 218.Block variance analysis device 208 will compare these blocks, and produce an error signal D in inside, be used for representing the difference between these blocks.This error signal D can be produced by following equation.
Wherein n is by the number of regions decision of being cut apart in the video signal decoder 202.And error signal D also can be calculated by following:
D＝Max|X(i+i
0，j+j
0)-Y(i+i
0，j+j
0)|，0≤i，j<n (3)
Because the sensitivity that people's eyes change for brightness (or illumination) is greater than the sensitivity to tone variations, in general a brightness data can be brought comparison in equation (1) to (3).And wherein about tint number, also can need include in the equation according to using.Use three kinds of color parameters of YUV in the coefficient, have only Y parameter (brightness) to be brought herein and make comparisons.Wherein X represents the data of existing frame of video, and Y represents the data of previous frame of video.(i j) is illustrated in coordinate (i, the brightness of pixel j) to X.And X (i+i
0, j+j
0), 0≤i
0≤ n-1,0≤j
0The coordinate in a upper left corner of≤n-1 expression be (i, j) and size is the block of n * n pixel.For convenience, our the pixel coordinate of establishing the screen upper left corner is (0,0).Typically cut apart and be to use n=8, be i.e. 8 * 8 blocks; But other variation (for example, 16 * 16 flood tide blocks) also can be selected for use according to need.
Equation (1) with the summation of luminance difference absolute value between corresponding pixel as error signal.Equation (2) with the quadratic sum of the absolute value of above-mentioned difference as error signal.Equation (3) with the maximum of the absolute value of above-mentioned difference as error signal.
Block variance analysis device 208 judges at first whether the image block encodes.Do not encode when the image block, then represent not change between the corresponding block in existing frame of video and the previous frame of video, need not filter so difference therebetween is 0 this block.When the picture block is encoded, 208 of block analyzers utilize above-mentioned (1) formula to calculate the difference of corresponding block.The quantized signal Q that block analyzer 208 is also accepted from video signal decoder 202 via holding wire 224.Quantized signal Q is a parameter as sampling frequency coefficient (MPEG, H.162, and the discrete cos conversion coefficient H.263) usefulness, and this is a prior art.
Q>Threshold
Q (4)
D>Threshold
D＝αQ (5)
Whether this start bit calibration signal reacts on quantized signal Q greater than preset value Threshold
Q(threshold value), and whether error signal D is greater than preset value Threshold
D(threshold value).This start bit calibration signal can be sent to switch (switch) 228, with the selection of control of video signal path.If switch 228 switches to holding wire 226, unfiltered block signal can directly enter in the frame of video buffer (frame buffer) 232 in the then existing frame of video holder 204.If switch 228 switches to holding wire 230, then in the adaptability video filter 210, the block signal that has filtered can be input in the frame of video buffer 232.
Utilize equation (4), when quantizing parameter Q less than predetermined initial value Threshold
QNo matter how many error signal D is, adaptive filter 210 can not be activated.When Q less than initial value, be not that the expression image quality is good, the speed that is exactly frame of video is slow, need not carry out back filtration this moment.When Q greater than initial value Threshold
QThe time, whether error signal D will be calculated and be checked than preset value Threshold
DGreatly, wherein, Threshold
D=α Q, wherein α is an experience constant, α=100 in general.When D greater than Threshold
DThe time, represent there had been very big difference between the existing and previous frame of video through rebuilding, therefore need do the back filtration treatment.
In addition, be used for doing the motion-vector of dynamic estimation during to video signal decoder 202 decoding compressed vision signals, also can be used as and judge whether to need to carry out the criterion that filter the back.
|V
x|>ThresholdV or |V
y|>ThresholdV (6)
In the equation (6), V
xAnd V
yBe respectively the X component and the Y component of motion-vector, and ThresholdV is a preset value by the experience decision, in general is 2-4 pixels.
With the formed mean type filter of following coefficient (averaging filter), be an example of adaptive filter 210:
λ+8 α=1 wherein.The pixel of central authorities is multiplied by λ, and the pixel of periphery (this example is 8 pixels of periphery) is multiplied by α, these results is added up again.
The value of parameter lambda is to be equivalent in 1 o'clock not filter, and the value of parameter lambda is 1/9 o'clock, and it is average to be equivalent to normality, will cause a large amount of fuzzy situations.Parameter lambda can need be done instant adjustment according to the user, and this λ value will be sent in the adaptive filter 210 via holding wire 234.Other filter also maybe can be used, as 5 * 5 mean type filters of changeable filtration coefficient or the like.
Postfilter can be at each pixel in the block (suggestion use), or only is used in the pixel (so only being in harmonious proportion with the pixel of block periphery) of block outside.The back is filtered and have been reached a kind of fuzzy effect, when having reduced picture resolution low (Q value is high) and the block phenomenon during movement velocity fast (D value height).The picture block of these processes or process filtration can not be sent to storage in the frame of video buffer 232, and is combined into a complete picture, sends via the data output signal line then.
When switch 228 switches to holding wire 230 under start bit calibration signal control, the state of this switching will last till that block variance analysis device 208 judges that aforesaid back filtration treatment criterion is not satisfied, and will suspend the action of start bit calibration signal line this moment.Switch 228 switches to holding wire 226 then, and the block in the existing frame of video holder 204 will directly be sent to frame of video buffer 232.Describe succinctly for making,, will not represent in the drawings for the synchronization loop of the multiple loop of synchronization square.Synchronized circuit controls is known part in the technology.Equally,, block is delivered to the circuit diagram of block variance analysis device 208 and adaptive filter 210 by existing and previous picture holder, all be not shown among the figure, because these all belong to prior art partly to individual block ordering.
As shown in Figure 3, its expression is at filtering behind the decoded video signal bit element flow, so that the calculation flow process that the block phenomenon of decoding image frame of video flattens suitable.Decoded video frames is continuously sent in the filter of back, and the difference of corresponding flood tide block can be compared out in continuous pictures.When after after filter starts by step 302, what each block will be in regular turn is analyzed in step 304.If existing flood tide block is judged as yet not coding via step 306, promptly representing does not have difference between the flood tide block in the corresponding previous frame of video of existing flood tide block, and the flow process of calculation will be controlled by square 312 this moment.If through coding, then error signal D will be calculated by step 308 existing block.Wherein error signal D is the hobby according to the user, can select equation (1), (2), or the error between the flood tide block of (3) corresponding previous frame of video of existing flood tide block of being calculated.
After error signal D is calculated, the initial value criterion will be come out according to equation (4) and (5) are evaluated.If the back is filtered initial criterion and is satisfied, will in step 314, use a coefficient to be the first rank filter (first level filter) of λ 1 with α 1, existing flood tide block is carried out an evenness filter, to reach a kind of fuzzy effect.Wherein the practice of evenness filter is to use the matrix as the weight coefficient in the equation (7).In step 314, a flood tide block can be set one to it after filtering and check bit.And the inspection bit of each flood tide block will be stored in the memory space of reservation.
Step 312 can perhaps (be judged by step 310) to be performed when not satisfying initial criterion when existing block is not encoded (being judged by step 306).(judging) quilt when corresponding flood tide is encoded in the previous frame of video by step 310.Carry out corresponding flood tide block in the previous frame of video, can be examined in step 312 whether dynamic content is arranged.If do not comprise dynamic content, calculation process will be got back to step 304 and continue to analyze another new flood tide block.If include dynamic content in this previous frame of video block, then can be in step 316 be λ 2 by a coefficient and the second rank filter of α 2 filters.Whether dynamic content will be set by the inspection bit of corresponding flood tide block in this previous frame of video of test and have been judged.
When corresponding flood tide block existed large amount of exercise in the preceding in the ban frame of video, this second rank filter (second level filter) can continue the periphery of adjacent block is done further kneading.If contain motion fast in the previous block, and in the existing block without any motion, then block will have identical content with previous block now.Give an example, the object of a rapid movement stops suddenly.If do not use second rank to filter, then previous block will be filtered (detecting action), and existing frame of video will can not be filtered (not detecting action) simultaneously, and this result will cause the blockization of image frame of video.The second rank filter will change like this and become more smooth-going, by naked eyes are accepted, and seem comparatively natural.
In general the second rank filter than the first rank filter effect a little less than, in other words, promptly λ 2 is greater than λ 1.The filtration in two stages is all used in this example.All can need to adjust, only filter, or surpass the filtration on two rank with first rank according to using.
As shown in Figure 4, its circuit block diagram of the present invention; Wherein, decoder (decoder) 400 includes the previous frame of video holder of a video signal decoder 202, an existing picture holder 204, one 206,402, second order adaptive filter 404 of single order adaptive filter (adaptive filter 1) (adaptive filter 2), a block variance analysis device (block difference analyzer) 412, one inspection bit holder (check bit store) 416, three-pointswitch (3-way switch) 410 and one frame of video buffer 232 at least.Wherein video signal decoder 202, existing frame of video holder 204, previous frame of video holder 206 and frame of video buffer 232 and the mode that is similar to Fig. 2 are operated.
Check that bit holder 416 is a memory array that is used for storage data, no matter and each block in the previous frame of video whether all pass through the filtration of single order adaptive filter 402.412 of block variance analysis devices are accepted the block signal from existing frame of video holder 204 via lead 414, and accept from the block signal in the previous picture holder via lead 218.This block variance analysis device 412 is also accepted a quantization parameter Q via lead 224 from video signal decoder 202.
Block variance analysis device 412 can check earlier that whether block from existing frame of video holder 204 is through coding.If through coding, then an error signal D will be calculated, be used for being illustrated in the block of existing block holder and the corresponding previous block holder poor between block.Error signal D can be generated from equation (1), (2) or (3) by user's demand.
Block variance analysis device 412, single order adaptive filter 402 and second order adaptive filter 404 can be respectively or utilize a programmable digital signal to handle wafer jointly and make.Whether block variance analysis device 412 can be satisfied according to criterion (4) and (5), produces a filter-type signal (FILTER_TYPE signal).If criterion (4) is satisfied simultaneously with (5), then the filter-type signal is first type, and single order adaptive filter 402 is selected in expression for use.In checking bit buffer 416, will be set to 1 corresponding to the memory location of at present analyzed block.When being present in the memory location of checking in the bit buffer 416 and being set, represent that promptly its corresponding zone handled by single order adaptive filter 402.If equation (4) is not satisfied, check that then bit buffer 416 can check, to determine formerly whether corresponding block filters in the frame of video.
If this previous frame of video block really filters through single order adaptive filter 402, then its filtered version signal will become second type, and this represents that promptly the second order adaptive filter is with selected.And corresponding memory location can be set to 0 in checking bit buffer 416.If this previous frame of video block filtered (its corresponding memory location in checking bit buffer 416 is set to 0), then its filtered version signal can be set to the 0th type, and promptly meaning need not to do any filtration.
The signal of each block is admitted to single order and second order adaptive filter 402 and 404 in the existing frame of video holder 204.The output of these adaptive filter will be sent to three-pointswitch 410 via lead 230 and 408.And the block signal of filtered also can be sent to three-pointswitch 410 via lead 226.Three-pointswitch 410 can be chosen the signal of filtration zone that is transmitted by lead 230 or 408 or choose the not filtration zone signal that is transmitted by lead 226 according to the filtered version signal.
Single order adaptive filter 402 is operated in the mode of adaptive filter 210 in the approximate diagram 2, and uses the weight coefficient λ 1 as equation (7), and α 1.Second order adaptive filter 404 is operated in the mode of approximate single order adaptive filter 402, and uses weight coefficient λ 2, and α 2.The suitable practice be λ 2 greater than λ 1, make second order filter that one slighter average effect be arranged.Second order adaptive filter 408 is habitually practised and is made and without looking between the letter picture that single order adaptive filter 402 is filtered, realize a more smooth-going conversion.
If block variance analysis device 412 judges that the imagery zone in existing frame of video holder is not encoded, corresponding memory location is set to 1 in checking bit holder 416 simultaneously, and then the filter-type signal also can be set to the 2nd type.In this example, three-pointswitch 410 will be chosen the output signal from second order adaptive filter 404.
Single order adaptive filter 402 is accepted coefficient 1 (COEFF1) signal from lead 418.This coefficient 1 (COEFF1) signal is used for the weight coefficient of single order adaptive filter 402 from a user interface for user's adjustment.Equally, second order adaptive filter 404 is accepted coefficient 2 (COEFF2) signal from lead 420.This coefficient 2 (COEFF2) signal is used for the weight coefficient of second order adaptive filter 404 from a user interface for user's adjustment.
By three-pointswitch 410 selected filtration and unfiltered block signal, can deliver in the picture buffer 232 and store, and form a width of cloth complete picture with other blocks, again this picture is sent out by DOL Data Output Line.Describe simply for making, wherein,, will not represent in the drawings for the synchronization loop of the multiple loop of synchronization square.
Though, more than be the description of a specific composition system, multiple correction, optionally the combination and equivalent system also all can be applied.For instance, two adaptive filter are used in the composition system that is put forward, but three or more filter also can be selected according to the needs on using.Signal COEFF1 and COEFF2 can by automatically with the error signal D interlock (bigger error signal, stronger mean value or the like) that is produced by block variance analysis device.
In above-mentioned example, existing and previous picture holder all is indivedual squares that exist outside video signal decoder.And the two can utilize corresponding square in the video signal decoder.All back filtering circuits can be combined in the video signal decoder, and make a single wafer.
The above is embodiments of the invention only, uses to help to understand technical characterictic of the present invention, is not in order to limit protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of compressed digital video signals decoding device comprises: a receiving system and a decoding device; It is characterized in that: also comprise: a filtration treatment device;
Receiving system is in order to receive a compressed digital video signals bit element flow;
Decoding device in order to the decoding of compressed digital video signals bit element flow, produces a series of decoded video frames and a control signal;
The filtration treatment device, in response in control signal, in order to optionally a series of decoded video frames are filtered, wherein said control signal includes an error signal at least, in order to the difference value of the illumination data of corresponding block pixel in the expression continuous pictures;
Wherein said filtration treatment device comprises at least:
Firstorder filter is when an error signal level surpasses preset value, in order to filter the block in the existing frame of video; And
Second order filter is when the corresponding block that is lower than a preset value and a previous frame of video when above-mentioned error signal level has been filtered, in order to filter this block.
2, a kind of decoding and filtration treatment method in order to a compressed digital video signals bit element flow is filtered and decoding, and are expressed a series of frame of video, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Receive the compressed digital video signals bit element flow;
Produce the decoded video frames of series reaction vision signal bit element flow, decoded video frames comprises the image block at least;
Produce a start bit calibration signal, and this start bit calibration signal is reacted the difference of corresponding block in each image block and the previous frame of video;
In response in this start bit calibration signal, selectivity and this frame of video block of filtration treatment adaptively,
The step of wherein said filtration image block, further comprising the steps of:
Filter this image block, when described start bit calibration signal surpasses a preset value, utilize the first rank filter to filter; And
When above-mentioned start bit calibration signal level is lower than described preset value, when corresponding block has been filtered by the first rank filter in the previous picture simultaneously, then use the second rank filter to filter.
3, decoding according to claim 2 and filtration treatment method is characterized in that, described start bit calibration signal is reacted the summation of the corresponding pixel illumination of described image area interblock difference.
4, decoding according to claim 2 and filtration treatment method is characterized in that, described image block filters by the brightness value of weighted average one pixel and peripheral pixel.
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|---|---|---|---|
| US10822898A | 1998-07-01 | 1998-07-01 | |
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