CN100481055C - Serial bus communications system - Google Patents
Serial bus communications system Download PDFInfo
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- CN100481055C CN100481055C CNB2007101434309A CN200710143430A CN100481055C CN 100481055 C CN100481055 C CN 100481055C CN B2007101434309 A CNB2007101434309 A CN B2007101434309A CN 200710143430 A CN200710143430 A CN 200710143430A CN 100481055 C CN100481055 C CN 100481055C
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Abstract
The invention discloses an all-purpose serial bus communication system, which comprises the following parts: USB device to transmit a pack data, host end and bridge, wherein the host end forms a first USB bus, which outputs the pack data; the pack data contains a separating mark code, which consists of first and second addresses; the second address corresponds to the USB bust in the USB device; the first address is area address corresponding to the USB bust of the USB device in the first USB bust; the first bridge lies in the first USB bus, which forms a second USB bus; the first bridge decides whether to receive the pack data according to the first address; the first bridge judges whether the USB device lies in the second USB bus according to the second address if receiving; the first bridge transmits the pack data to the USB device if not receiving. The invention can improve the quantity of allocated USB device greatly.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of USB (universal serial bus) (Universal serial bus, USB) communication system, and particularly expand the USB communication system of USB device quantity relevant for a kind of use first bridge.
Background technology
Fig. 1 illustrates traditional common universal serial bus (Universal serial bus, USB) Organization Chart of communication architecture.Because the restriction of USB specification at present, traditional USB communication architecture at most only can comprise a host side and 127 USB devices.In addition, traditional USB communication architecture at most only can comprise 7 layer architectures.If a USB device is positioned at the position more than the 8th layer, because this USB device is too far away apart from host side, host side can't be received the requirement that USB device response host side is sent out in the response time (turn-around time) of present USB specification.Therefore, use traditional USB communication architecture, at most only support 127 USB devices, and the USB device only can be positioned at 7 layer architectures, can't expand more USB devices.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is relevant for a kind of USB (universal serial bus) (Universal serial bus, USB) communication system.Serial bus communications system of the present invention utilizes bridge to form U SB bus, makes this serial bus communications system be supported more USB devices.
Propose a kind of USB (universal serial bus) (Universal serial bus, USB) communication system is in order to transmit bag data to a USB devices (device) according to the present invention.USB (universal serial bus) of the present invention comprises a host side and a bridge.Host side is in order to forming one first usb bus (Bus), and the output packet data.The bag data comprise that one separates mark code (Split token).Separate mark code and comprise one first address and one second address.The usb bus at corresponding USB device place, second address.First address is in first usb bus, the regional address of the pairing bridge of corresponding USB device.First bridge is positioned at first usb bus, in order to form one second usb bus.Whether first bridge accepts the bag data according to the decision of first address.If first bridge is accepted the bag data, first bridge more judges according to second address whether the USB device is positioned at second usb bus.If the USB device is positioned at second usb bus, first bridge will wrap data and be sent to the USB device.Wherein, in first and second usb bus, has the response time (turn-around time) restriction separately.
The present invention proposes a kind of USB (universal serial bus) communication architecture.Universal serial bus structural of the present invention comprises a host side and a bridge.Whether host side exists in order to write down a plurality of usb bus, forms one first usb bus of described usb bus; And write down in first usb bus regional address of the already present usb bus in the corresponding described usb bus; And detect in the described usb bus device in the already present usb bus.First bridge is positioned at first usb bus.When host side detected first bridge, host side was disposed at address, a first area in first usb bus with first bridge; And one second usb bus that writes down described usb bus is existence; And determine that in first usb bus, the regional address of corresponding second usb bus is the address, first area, make the bridge of winning form second usb bus.
Serial bus communications system of the present invention, configurable USB device quantity significantly improves.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates traditional common universal serial bus (Universal serial bus, USB) Organization Chart of communication architecture.
Fig. 2 illustrates the Organization Chart of the USB (universal serial bus) communication architecture of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 A illustrates the synoptic diagram of form of the employed bag data of serial bus communications system of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 B illustrates the synoptic diagram of packet identifier of the execution mark code form of Fig. 3 A.
Embodiment
For foregoing of the present invention can be become apparent, a preferred embodiment cited below particularly, and cooperate appended graphicly, be described in detail below.
(Universal serial bus, USB) communication architecture comprises host side and bridge to the USB (universal serial bus) of the embodiment of the invention.Except host side forms usb bus, more form more usb bus by bridge.In comparison, traditional common serial bus communication framework only has a usb bus that is formed by host side.Therefore, the configurable more USB devices of the USB (universal serial bus) communication architecture of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 illustrates the Organization Chart of the USB (universal serial bus) communication architecture of the embodiment of the invention.Please refer to Fig. 2, USB (universal serial bus) communication architecture 200 comprises a host side 210 and bridge 220.Whether a plurality of usb bus of host side 210 records exist.In embodiments of the present invention, host side 210 is that example explains to write down whether 128 usb bus Bus0 to Bus127 exist.Host side 210 also forms usb bus Bus0 among the usb bus Bus0 to Bus127.Host side 210 more writes down in the usb bus Bus0, the regional address of the already present usb bus among the corresponding usb bus Bus1 to Bus127.Host side 210 is also detected among the usb bus Bus0 to Bus127, the device in the already present usb bus.
Bridge 220 is arranged in usb bus Bus0.When host side 210 detected bridge 220, host side 210 was disposed at a regional address among the usb bus Bus0 with bridge 220.In embodiments of the present invention, be example with the address 7 that bridge 220 is disposed at usb bus Bus0.Host side also writes down usb bus Bus1 for existing, and set among the usb bus Bus0, and the regional address of corresponding usb bus Bus1 is address 7, makes bridge 220 form usb bus Bus1.
The USB (universal serial bus) communication architecture 200 of the embodiment of the invention more comprises a bridge 230, is arranged in usb bus Bus1.When host side 210 detected bridge 230, host side 210 was disposed at regional address among the usb bus Bus1 with bridge 230.In embodiments of the present invention, be example with the address 3 that bridge 230 is disposed at usb bus Bus1.Host side 210 record usb bus Bus2 are for existing.Host side 210 is also set in the usb bus Bus0, and the regional address of corresponding usb bus Bus1 is address 7.Host side 210 is also set in the usb bus Bus1, and the regional address of corresponding usb bus Bus2 is address 3, makes bridge 230 form usb bus Bus2.
USB (universal serial bus) communication architecture 200 more can comprise a USB device (device).This USB device for example is the USB device 240 that is positioned at usb bus Bus2.When host side 210 detected USB device 240, host side was disposed at a regional address among the usb bus Bus2 with USB device 240, for example is the address 2 among the usb bus Bus2.
When host side 210 transmitted bag data to USB device 240, it was the address 7 that is sent to usb bus Bus0 that host side can be set these bag data earlier.After the bridge 220 that is positioned at the address 7 of usb bus Bus0 is accepted these bag data, be the address 3 that is sent to usb bus Bus1 with this bag data setting.The bridge 230 that is positioned at the address 3 of usb bus Bus1 is about to these bag data and is sent to all devices that are positioned at usb bus Bus2.USB device 240 promptly receives this bag data.The load mode of above-mentioned bag data will in after describe in detail.
The USB (universal serial bus) communication architecture 200 of the embodiment of the invention can comprise more bridges.According to present USB specification, host side can be supported 128 usb bus at most.Therefore, USB (universal serial bus) communication architecture 200 can comprise 127 bridges at most.
When host side detects other bridge, all form usb bus in the above described manner.If other bridge is positioned at usb bus Bus0, then form the mode of usb bus with above-mentioned bridge 220, form other corresponding usb bus.If other bridge is positioned at after the bridge 230, then other bridge mode of forming other corresponding usb bus duplicates with the mode that bridge 230 forms usb bus, repeats no more in this.
In embodiments of the present invention, according to present USB specification, above-mentioned each usb bus Bus0 to Bus127, configurable regional address mostly is 127 most.Therefore maximum configurable 127 devices of each usb bus comprise bridge, hub or USB device.
In the embodiment of the invention, bridge 220 can directly be connected with host side 210, or is connected indirectly with host side 210 through at least one hub.No matter directly or indirectly connect, bridge 220 all is arranged in host side 210 formed usb bus Bus0.Similarly, bridge 230 can directly be connected with bridge 220 or see through at least one hub indirectly and connect, and makes bridge 230 be arranged in bridge 220 formed usb bus Bus1.
The serial bus communications system of the embodiment of the invention is described now.The serial bus communications system of the embodiment of the invention is used above-mentioned USB (universal serial bus) communication architecture 200.The serial bus communications system system of the embodiment of the invention is in order to transmit bag data to a USB device Tg (not shown).
These bag data of host side 210 outputs.Wherein, the bag data comprise that one separates mark code (Split token).Separate mark code and comprise one first address and one second address.Second address is the usb bus at corresponding USB device Tg place.First address is among the usb bus Bus0, the usb bus The corresponding area address at this USB device Tg place.
After the host side 210 output packet data, whether the bridge 220 that is positioned at usb bus Bus0 accepts the bag data according to the decision of first address.If bridge 220 is accepted the bag data, bridge 220 more judges according to second address whether USB device Tg is positioned at usb bus Bus1.
If the USB device is positioned at usb bus Bus1, bridge 220 will wrap data and be sent to the USB device Tg that is positioned at usb bus Bus1.If the non-usb bus Bus1 that is positioned at of USB device Tg, bridge 220 changes first address is among the usb bus Bus1, the usb bus The corresponding area address at corresponding USB device Tg place, and output packet data.
Similarly, when bridge 230 receiver packet numbers according to the time, whether accept the bag data according to first address decision.If bridge 230 is accepted the bag data, then bridge 230 more judges according to second address whether USB device Tg is positioned at usb bus Bus2.
If USB device Tg is positioned at usb bus Bus2, then bridge 230 will wrap data and be sent to the USB device Tg that is positioned at usb bus Bus2.If the non-usb bus Bus2 that is positioned at of USB device Tg, bridge 230 changes first address is among the usb bus Bus2, the usb bus The corresponding area address at corresponding USB device Tg place.
In each usb bus, has response time (turn-around time) restriction of present USB specification separately.The embodiment of the invention is used and is separated mark code, therefore, between each usb bus, for example between usb bus Bus0 and the Bus1, does not then have the response time restriction.The serial bus communications system of the embodiment of the invention is when transmitting the bag data, and the response time restriction that only need satisfy in each usb bus gets final product.
Wherein, host side 210, bridge 220 and 230 respectively have routing directory (routingtable) 211,221 and 231.Routing directory 211 to 231 is recorded in respectively among the usb bus Bus0 to Bus2, the regional address of the already present usb bus in corresponding each usb bus.Thus, host side 210, bridge 220 and 230 are able to respectively according to routing directory, the transfer path of decision bag data.
Now illustrate the routing directory 211 of host side 210 and the routing directory 221 of bridge 220, with the host side and the employed routing directory of bridge of the serial bus communications system of the explanation embodiment of the invention.Among the routing directory 211 record usb bus Bus0, the regional address of the already present usb bus in corresponding each usb bus, that is the bridge that forms usb bus is arranged in the regional address of usb bus Bus0.
For instance, bridge 220 forms usb bus Bus1, and bridge 220 is the addresses 7 that are disposed at usb bus Bus0.By routing directory 211 as can be known, the regional address of corresponding usb bus Bus1 is address 7, is illustrated among the usb bus Bus0, and the regional address of corresponding usb bus Bus1 is address 7.
And bridge 230 forms usb bus Bus2, and bridge 230 is connected with host side indirectly through bridge 220.Send the bag data when being positioned at the device of usb bus Bus2 when host side 210 tendencies to develop, need earlier through usb bus Bus1, that is, need to wrap data earlier and be sent to bridge 220.Therefore, by routing directory 211 as can be known, in usb bus Bus0, the regional address of corresponding usb bus Bus2 is address 7 also, is illustrated among the usb bus Bus0, and the regional address of corresponding usb bus Bus2 also is address 7.
Similarly, among the routing directory 221 record usb bus Bus1, the regional address of the already present usb bus in corresponding each usb bus.For instance, bridge 230 is disposed at the address 3 of usb bus Bus1.Therefore, by routing directory 221 as can be known, the regional address of corresponding usb bus Bus2 is address 3, is illustrated among the usb bus Bus1, and the regional address of corresponding usb bus Bus2 is address 3.
Now lift the transmission mode of the USB (universal serial bus) communication architecture of the two example explanation embodiment of the invention.
First example
Please refer to Fig. 2.USB device 260 is positioned at usb bus Bus1.In embodiments of the present invention, be example with the address 4 that is positioned at usb bus Bus1.When the bag data were sent in host side 210 tendencies to develop to USB device 260, because USB device 260 is positioned at usb bus Bus1, second address of the separation mark code of host side 210 decision bag data was corresponding usb bus Bus1.In addition, host side 210 is selected the regional address of corresponding usb bus Bus1 according to routing directory 211, and promptly the address 7, as first address of the separation mark code that wraps data.
After being positioned at these bag data of bridge 220 receptions of address 7, accept this bag data according to first address.Because the corresponding usb bus Bus1 in second address, bridge 220 more will wrap data according to second address and be sent to all interior devices of usb bus Bus1.
Wherein, the bag data comprise that more one carries out mark code (transaction token).This carries out mark code and comprises an address identifier code, the regional address of the USB device that its sign bag data institute tendency to develop is sent.In first example, USB device 260 is an example with the address 4 that is positioned at usb bus Bus1, and therefore, the address identifier code that host side is set the bag data is address 4.Thus, when bridge 220 transmitted the bag data to all devices of usb bus Bus1, the USB device 260 that is positioned at address 4 was able to accept the bag data according to address identifier code.
From the above, when host side 210 tendencies to develop send the bag data when being positioned at the USB device of usb bus Bus1, first address of the bag data that host side 210 is transmitted is positioned at the regional address of usb bus Bus0 for the bridge 220 that forms usb bus Bus1.The corresponding usb bus Bus1 in second address of these bag data.Among the corresponding usb bus Bus1 of the address identifier code of these bag data, the regional address of USB device.Thus, bridge 220 is able to accept the bag data according to first address, and will wrap data according to second address and be sent to the interior USB device of usb bus Bus1.
Second example
Please refer to Fig. 2.USB device 240 is positioned at usb bus Bus2.In embodiments of the present invention, be example with the address 2 that is positioned at usb bus Bus2.When the bag data were sent in host side 210 tendencies to develop to USB device 240, because USB device 240 is positioned at usb bus Bus2, second address of the separation mark code of host side 210 decision bag data was corresponding usb bus Bus2.In addition, host side 210 is selected the regional address of corresponding usb bus Bus2 according to routing directory 211, and promptly the address 7, as first address of the separation mark code that wraps data.The address identifier code of host side 210 and decision bag data is a corresponding address 2.
Bridge 220 will wrap after data are sent to device in the usb bus Bus1, because the first address corresponding address 3, the bridge 230 that is positioned at the address 3 of usb bus Bus1 is accepted this bag data according to first address.Because the corresponding usb bus Bus2 in second address, bridge 230 more will wrap data according to second address and be sent to all interior devices of usb bus Bus2.
The serial bus communications system of the embodiment of the invention can be supported more bridges, for example in usb bus Bus2, forms usb bus Bus4.Be sent to the load mode of the bag data of the device in usb bus Bus4 or other usb bus, identical with above-mentioned two examples, repeat no more in this.
In the embodiment of the invention, the bag data are example to use the defined bag data layout of present USB2.0 specification.Fig. 3 A illustrates the synoptic diagram of the employed bag data layout of serial bus communications system of the embodiment of the invention.In Fig. 3 A, bag data layout 300 comprises and separates mark code 310, carries out mark code 320, carries out data 330 and confirm mark code (handshaking) 340.In embodiments of the present invention, continue to use first address and second address that this hub address hurdle (Hub Address) that separates mark code 310 and hurdle, connectivity port (Port) conduct separate mark code respectively.
For other USB device that is positioned at usb bus Bus0, for example be USB device 250, need can not receive by host side 210 and transmit and next bag data through bridge.Therefore, the bag data that are sent to USB device 250 do not comprise the separation mark code, only have the mark code of execution, carry out data and confirm mark code.For instance, USB device 250 is positioned at the address 4 of usb bus Bus0.The execution mark code that is sent to the bag data of USB device 250 is a corresponding address 4.
Yet, because serial bus communications system is broadcasting (broadcast) communication system.For instance, if when the bag data are sent in host side 210 tendencies to develop to the USB device 260 of the address 4 that is positioned at usb bus Bus1, the address identifier code of the bag data that host side is exported is corresponding address 4 also.Therefore, when host side 210 during with the bag data of broadcast mode transfer address identification code corresponding address 4, USB device 250 all may be accepted this bag data with USB device 260, and may cause misoperation.
Carry out mark code 320 and more comprise a packet identifier (Split packet ID), in order to the request action (request) of correspondence bag data.Fig. 3 B illustrates the synoptic diagram of packet identifier of the execution mark code form of Fig. 3 A.Please refer to Fig. 3 A, Fig. 3 B, in embodiments of the present invention, be designed to the high subluxation (high nibble) 322 of packet identifier identical in fact with low subluxation (low nibble) 321; But not traditionally, the high subluxation of packet identifier is designed to hang down subluxation anti-phase.Thus, when USB device 250 receptions that are positioned at usb bus Bus0 contain the bag data of carrying out mark code, can judge that these bag data are misdata, and ignore this bag data according to the identical high subluxation and the packet identifier of low subluxation.Therefore, only USB device 260 is accepted this bag data.Therefore, in the embodiment of the invention, the high subluxation and the low subluxation of packet identifier is designed to identical, the device that can avoid being positioned at usb bus Bus0 accepts to have the bag data of carrying out mark code mistakenly.
The serial bus communications system of the embodiment of the invention utilizes bridge to form usb bus, makes this serial bus communications system be supported more USB devices.In embodiments of the present invention, according to present USB specification, host side can be supported 128 usb bus at most.Each usb bus can support seven layer architectures with 127 interior devices at most.Therefore, the serial bus communications system of the embodiment of the invention can be supported the individual device in 16256 (127 * 128) at most.In addition, the serial bus communications system utilization of the embodiment of the invention separates mark code, makes between different usb bus, need not consider the response time restriction.Therefore, the USB (universal serial bus) communication architecture of the embodiment of the invention gets seven layer architectures of having expanded to surpassing the traditional common serial bus communications system.
In comparison, traditional common serial bus communication framework only has a usb bus that is formed by host side.The traditional common serial bus communications system only supports seven layer architectures with 127 interior devices.Therefore, the configurable USB device of the USB (universal serial bus) communication architecture quantity of the embodiment of the invention significantly improves.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention; so it is not in order to limit scope of the present invention; any personnel that are familiar with this technology; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can do further improvement and variation on this basis, so the scope that claims were defined that protection scope of the present invention is worked as with the application is as the criterion.
Being simply described as follows of symbol in the accompanying drawing:
210: host side
211,221,231: routing directory
220,230: bridger
240,250,260:USB device
310: separate mark code
320: carry out mark code
330: carry out data
340: confirm mark code
321: low subluxation
322: high subluxation
Claims (13)
1. a serial bus communications system in order to transmit bag data to a USB device, is characterized in that, comprising:
One host side, in order to form one first usb bus, and export this bag data, these bag data comprise that one separates mark code, this separation mark code comprises one first address and one second address, this second address is to usb bus that should USB device place, and this first address is in this first usb bus, the usb bus The corresponding area address at this USB device place;
One first bridge is positioned at this first usb bus, in order to form one second usb bus, whether accepts these bag data according to this first address decision; If this first bridge is accepted this bag data, this first bridge more judges according to this second address whether this USB device is positioned at this second usb bus; If this USB device is positioned at this second usb bus, this first bridge should wrap data and be sent to this USB device;
Wherein, in this first usb bus and this second usb bus, has the response time restriction separately.
2. serial bus communications system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, if non-this second usb bus that is positioned at of this USB device, this first bridge is changed the usb bus The corresponding area address of this first address for this USB device place in this second usb bus, and exports this bag data.
3. serial bus communications system according to claim 1 is characterized in that this host side has a routing directory, this routing directory writes down in this first usb bus, the usb bus The corresponding area address at this USB device place, this host side determine this first address according to this routing directory.
4. serial bus communications system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that if this USB device is positioned at this second usb bus, this host side is according to this routing directory, determine this first address in this first usb bus, this second usb bus The corresponding area address.
5. serial bus communications system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, these bag data comprise that more one carries out mark code, it comprises a packet identifier, in order to wrapping the request action of data, this packet identifier comprises a high nibble and a low nibble, and this high nibble is identical with this low nibble.
6. serial bus communications system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that these bag data comprise that more one carries out mark code, it comprises an address identifier code, when this USB device received these bag data, whether this USB device accepted these bag data according to this address identifier code decision.
7. serial bus communications system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this first bridge has a routing directory, and this routing directory writes down in this second usb bus, the usb bus The corresponding area address at this USB device place.
8. serial bus communications system according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, if this first bridge is judged non-this second usb bus that is positioned at of this USB device according to this second address, this first bridge is changed the usb bus The corresponding area address of this first address for this USB device place in this second usb bus according to this routing directory.
9. serial bus communications system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this serial bus communications system more comprises:
One second bridge is positioned at this second usb bus, in order to form one the 3rd usb bus, when receiving these bag data, whether accepts these bag data according to this first address decision; If this second bridge is accepted this bag data, this second bridge more judges according to this second address whether this USB device is positioned at the 3rd usb bus; If this USB device is positioned at the 3rd usb bus, this second bridge should wrap data and be sent to this USB device;
Wherein, in this first usb bus, in this second usb bus and in the 3rd usb bus, has the response time restriction separately.
10. serial bus communications system according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, if non-the 3rd usb bus that is positioned at of this USB device, this second bridge are changed the usb bus The corresponding area address of this first address for this USB device place in the 3rd usb bus.
11. serial bus communications system according to claim 10 is characterized in that, this host side has a routing directory, and this routing directory writes down in this first usb bus, the regional address of the bridge of this USB device correspondence; If this USB device is positioned at the 3rd usb bus, this host side determines this first address in this first usb bus, the 3rd usb bus The corresponding area address according to this routing directory.
12. serial bus communications system according to claim 10 is characterized in that, this first bridge has a routing directory, and this routing directory writes down in this second usb bus, the regional address of the bridge of this USB device correspondence; If non-this second usb bus that is positioned at of this USB device, this first bridge, are changed this first address according to this routing directory in this second usb bus, the usb bus The corresponding area address at this USB device place.
13. serial bus communications system according to claim 12, it is characterized in that if this USB device is positioned at the 3rd usb bus, this first bridge is according to this routing directory, change this first address in this second usb bus, the 3rd usb bus The corresponding area address.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1549145A (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2004-11-24 | 旺玖科技股份有限公司 | Universal serial bus concentrator for wireless transmission and wireless transmitting method thereof |
| CN1744064A (en) * | 2004-08-30 | 2006-03-08 | 旺玖科技股份有限公司 | Multifunctional generalserial bus wireless bridge device and system device |
| CN1811743A (en) * | 2005-01-27 | 2006-08-02 | 恩益禧电子股份有限公司 | USB hub, USB-compliant apparatus, and communication system |
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- 2007-07-31 CN CNB2007101434309A patent/CN100481055C/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1549145A (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2004-11-24 | 旺玖科技股份有限公司 | Universal serial bus concentrator for wireless transmission and wireless transmitting method thereof |
| CN1744064A (en) * | 2004-08-30 | 2006-03-08 | 旺玖科技股份有限公司 | Multifunctional generalserial bus wireless bridge device and system device |
| CN1811743A (en) * | 2005-01-27 | 2006-08-02 | 恩益禧电子股份有限公司 | USB hub, USB-compliant apparatus, and communication system |
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