CN100475936C - Light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100475936C CN100475936C CNB2005100016759A CN200510001675A CN100475936C CN 100475936 C CN100475936 C CN 100475936C CN B2005100016759 A CNB2005100016759 A CN B2005100016759A CN 200510001675 A CN200510001675 A CN 200510001675A CN 100475936 C CN100475936 C CN 100475936C
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Abstract
The invention relates to a light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle and its preparing process, wherein the components include: (1) light ends fractionation of pentane 100 weight parts, (2) lead-free antiknock compound, such as methyl teriarybutyl ether (MTBE), tertamyl methyl ether (TAME), absolute methanol, anhydrous alcohol, (3) 0.001-0.04 weight part of cationic fluorine-carbon surface active agent (containing fluorine-alkylamine quaternary ammonium salt type, fluorine alkylamide quaternary ammonium salt type, and fluorine alkylamine type).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle and compound method thereof, refer in particular to a kind of light-hydrocarbon fuel oil that contains Skellysolve A and iso-pentane mixture, can be by adding no lead antiknock compound and specific cationic fluorocarbon surfactant and/or non-ionic type fluorocarbon surfactant to promote its octane value (RON), and increase efficiency of combustion, a kind of new forms of energy of using for automobile, meet useless (tail) gas emission standard of automobile, compliance with environmental protection requirements.
Background technology
Generally speaking, relevant lighter hydrocarbons general reference contains 5 to 6 carbon atoms alkane of (or claiming C5 to C6), is main moiety to contain 5 carbon (C5) mainly, its chemistry pentane (pentane) by name.Pentane has three kinds of isomer, mainly is made up of positive structure body pentane and isomer pentane.The research octane number (RON) (RON) of positive structure body pentane is 61.8, the research octane number (RON) of isomer pentane (RON) is 93, the pentane of all refinerys and Sweet natural gas oil gas treatment plant byproduct is the mixture of positive structure body pentane and isomer pentane, and its octane value is between 70 to 80 units.For example, refinery contains 5 carbon cut Skellysolve A≤50%, and its octane value (RON) is generally at 75 to 78 units; Sweet natural gas oil gas treatment plant contains 5 carbon cut Skellysolve A≤30%, iso-pentane 〉=60%, C4 and C6 each 5%, its octane value (RON) is generally between 80 to 84 units.
Because of the orthodox car engine is a carburetor type, all between 6 ° to 9 °, compression ratio is lower for the advance angle of engine ignition of employing DS Distributor Spark.Use low octane rating (RON) fuel to use ignition time by adjusting, but the thermo-efficiency reduction, fuel consumption will rise, and power also reduces.
Continuous progress along with automotive industry, the electric-controlled injection engine of high compression ratio has replaced the engine of carburettor and DS Distributor Spark fully, use low octane rating (RON) fuel will have a strong impact on engine and normally use, light-hydrocarbon fuel octane value (RON) must reach 90 can be used more than the unit.
The general octane value of the straight-run light fraction of oil (RON) is all very low, often do not reach octane value (RON) level that requires in the specification gasoline, in order to improve gasoline octane rating (RON), can adopt and add octane promoter (or title knock-compound, anti-knocking agent) way of tetraethyllead (tetraethyl lead), this is the most economical effective way that always has been widely adopted since the thirties in 20th century.
Yet tetraethyllead has severe toxicity, plumbiferous burning is discarded also to be the main source of Lead contamination in the atmosphere, lead in the environment can enter in the human body by respiratory tract and food chain, makes that lead content increases in the blood of human body, then because of summation progressively harmful to human kidney and nerve.Big quantity research has confirmed that fully the blood lead content in metropolitan resident's health is closely-related with the usage quantity of doped fuel, therefore reduces the leading amount in the gasoline, and progressively promoting the use of lead-free fuel has been a kind of trend of certainty.
Therefore, how carrying out some improvement, make the pentane of light-hydrocarbon fuel can promote its octane value (RON), and adopt lead-free octane promoter, allow the main source of Lead contamination in the atmospheric environment reduce and no longer be detrimental to health, all is problems of related industries circle.
Point out according to the 125th page of " petroleum chemistry " (Chen Shaozhou, Xu Peiruo write) that press of Chinese East China University of Science publishes in January, 1993, though alcohols has high octane value (RON), methyl alcohol is 130, ethanol is 120, the 3rd butanols (trimethyl carbinol) is 108, but their water-soluble, lower net heat of combustion and higher vaporization heat all become the unfavorable factor in the practical application, therefore, methyl alcohol or ethanol still have several factors to consider and to solve as the component of the octane value that improves light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle and compound method thereof, refer in particular to a kind of light-hydrocarbon fuel oil that contains Skellysolve A and iso-pentane mixture, can be by adding no lead antiknock compound and specific tensio-active agent promoting its octane value (RON), raising efficiency of combustion and save the energy and compliance with environmental protection requirements.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides a kind of compound method of light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle, this method includes the following step:
(a) earlier with product or the Sweet natural gas oil gas condensate oil of refinery byproduct through catalytic cracking, through distilling lighter hydrocarbons C 5 fraction (or claiming lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut) 100 weight parts that obtained, with the methyl tertiary butyl ether (methyl tert-butyl ether, abbreviation MTBE) that is added into 1 to 15 weight part, it is standby that one or more in the no lead antiknock compounds such as tert amyl methyl ether(TAME) (tertamyl methyl ether, abbreviation TAME), anhydrous methanol or dehydrated alcohol make octane value (RON) reach the above back of 90 units as thorough mixing;
(b) 0.001 to 0.04 weight part cation fluorine carbon surface active agent will be added into again in the above-mentioned steps (a), cation fluorine carbon surface active agents such as for example fluorine-containing alkylamine quarternary ammonium salt (quaternary ammonium salt) type, perfluoroalkyl acid amides season level amine salt type or fluoroalkyl amine salt type, that in case of necessity, adds 0.001 to 0.04 weight part again contains fluoroalkyl ether alcohol type non-ion fluorin carbon surface active agent.
Simultaneously, the present invention also provides a kind of light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle, and its composition comprises:
(1) lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut 100 weight parts
(2) no lead antiknock compound 1 to 15 weight part
(3) cation fluorine carbon surface active agent 0.001 to 0.04 weight part
Wherein, optional in the group of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), tert amyl methyl ether(TAME) (TAME), anhydrous methanol and dehydrated alcohol one or more of described no lead antiknock compound.
In the present invention, employed anhydrous methanol is the product that contains 99.7% methyl alcohol, and it can be made from coal, handles through removing moisture again; Dehydrated alcohol is dehydrated alcohol, and it is a kind of living mass-energy source, is one of future source of energy of mankind expectation.With respect to lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut 100 weight parts, the addition of anhydrous methanol or dehydrated alcohol is the 1-15 weight part, and its addition is to decide according to the octane value (RON) of employed lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut.
Cation fluorine carbon surface active agent used in the present invention can be fluoroalkyl amine salt type or quaternary ammonium salt cationic fluorocarbon surfactant, for example can be selected from the following type one or more:
(1) fluorine-containing alkylamine quaternary, for example (CF
3)
2CF (CF
2)
6CH
2CH (OH) CH
2N
+(CH
3)
3I
-
(2) perfluoroalkyl acid amides quaternary, for example C
7F
15CONH (CH
2)
3N
+(CH
3)
3I
-
(3) fluoroalkyl amine salt type, for example [F (CF
2)
3CH (OH) CH
2]
2NCH
2CH
2NH
2H
2SO
4
In case of necessity, light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle of the present invention can further add component (4) and contain fluoroalkyl ether alcohol type non-ion fluorin carbon surface active agent, and it is suitable with methyl alcohol ether fluorocarbon surfactant, specifically can be C
8F
17C
2H
4O[CH
2CH (CH
2OH) O]
nH (n average out to 1.7), C
8F
17C
2H
4O[CH
2CH (CH
2OH) O]
nH (n average out to 1.7) is with respect to lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut 100 weight parts, and its addition is 0.001 to 0.01 weight part, is preferably about 0.005 weight part.
In the present invention, fluorine-containing alkylamine season quarternary ammonium salt (or claiming fluorine-containing alkylamine quaternary ammonium salt), perfluoroalkyl acid amides quarternary ammonium salt (or claiming perfluoroalkyl acid amides quaternary ammonium salt), fluoroalkyl amine salt can be selected a use, add the mixture of lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut and no lead antiknock compound (knock-compound) separately to, also can merge and use with the aforesaid fluoroalkyl ether alcohol non-ion fluorin carbon surface active agent that contains, this can according to the character of the finished product and raw material obtain and price is decided.
(the trade(brand)name: horse Singapore prestige (MARAVILLA)) also can be used among the present invention of a kind of fluorocarbon surfactant in the market, it is that Chinese Shanghai literary composition scape Fine Chemical Co., Ltd produces, with respect to lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut 100 weight parts, the addition of horse Singapore prestige (MARAVILLA) is 0.001 to 0.04 weight part, is preferably about 0.02 weight part.
Light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle of the present invention has high-octane rating (RON), and it burns fully and fuel saving, and is to utilize the energy of refinery byproduct or Sweet natural gas oil gas condensate oil to reclaim again, saves the energy, and not leaded, compliance with environmental protection requirements.
Embodiment
As for detailed method of the present invention, application principle, effect and effect, then see also the following explanation of doing, can be understood completely.
The compound method of light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle of the present invention comprises the following steps:
(a) earlier with product or the natural gas condensate of refinery byproduct through catalytic cracking, through lighter hydrocarbons C 5 fraction (or claim lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut) 100 weight parts that distillation is obtained, the no lead antiknock compound of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) that is added into 1 to 15 weight part as thorough mixing make octane value (RON) reach 90 afterwards standby more than the unit;
(b) the fluoroalkyl amine salt type or quarternary ammonium salt (quaternary ammonium salt) the type cation fluorine carbon surface active agent of 0.001 to 0.04 weight part will be added into again in the above-mentioned steps (a), in case of necessity, that adds 0.001 to 0.04 weight part again contains fluoroalkyl ether alcohol type non-ion fluorin carbon surface active agent, make thorough mixing, promptly be deployed into light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle product of the present invention.
Again, the embodiment of another compound method of the present invention, can be with the no lead antiknock compound of above-mentioned methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) with tert amyl methyl ether(TAME) (TAME) or anhydrous methanol or dehydrated alcohol replacement, be about in lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut 100 weight parts, the tert amyl methyl ether(TAME) (TAME), anhydrous methanol or the dehydrated alcohol that add 1 to 15 weight part, and then continue as the step of above-mentioned (b), no longer repeat to give unnecessary details at this.
Methyl tertiary butyl ether described in the present invention (MTBE), tert amyl methyl ether(TAME) (TAME), anhydrous methanol, dehydrated alcohol are to be used for substituting the tetraethyllead octane promoter more serious to topsoil that uses in the prior art, and anhydrous methanol is from coal, dehydrated alcohol is made a living mass-energy source (biomass energy) from vegitabilia, supply is abundant, for future source of energy brings distant view.
Embodiment 1, every interpolation 1 weight part methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) in lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut 100 weight parts but 2.5 units of boosting of octane rating (RON), for example, lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut 100 weight parts of refinery byproduct, octane value (RON) is 78 units, add 6 weight part methyl tertiary butyl ethers (MTBE), its octane value (RON) can be increased to 93 units.
Embodiment 2, and at lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut 100 weight parts of Sweet natural gas oil gas treatment plant, its octane value (RON) is 84 units, if add 3.6 weight part methyl tertiary butyl ethers (MTBE), its octane value (RON) can be increased to 93 units.
Embodiment 3, in addition, every interpolation 1 weight part tert amyl methyl ether(TAME) (TAME) in lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut 100 weight parts but 2.3 units of boosting of octane rating (RON), for example, lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut 100 weight parts of refinery byproduct, octane value (RON) is 78 units, adds 6.6 weight part tert amyl methyl ether(TAME) (TAME), and its octane value (RON) can be increased to 93 units.
Embodiment 4, and lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut 100 weight parts in Sweet natural gas oil gas treatment plant, its octane value (RON) are 84 units if add 4 weight part tert amyl methyl ether(TAME) (TAME), and its octane value (RON) can be increased to 93 units.
Embodiment 5, but every interpolation 1 weight part anhydrous methanol or 2 units of dehydrated alcohol boosting of octane rating (RON) in lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut 100 weight parts, lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut 100 weight parts of refinery byproduct for example, octane value (RON) is 78 units, add 7.5 weight part anhydrous methanol or dehydrated alcohols, its octane value (RON) can be increased to 93 units.
In specific embodiment prescription of the present invention, be in light-hydrocarbon fuel 100 weight parts, to be added into 0.001 to 0.04 weight part fluoroalkyl amine salt type or quarternary ammonium salt (quaternary ammonium salt) type cation fluorine carbon surface active agent; In case of necessity, add the fluoroalkyl ether alcohol type non-ion fluorin surfactant that contains of 0.001 to 0.04 weight part again and make thorough mixing, can suppress the volatility of light-hydrocarbon fuel greatly, and the effect with cleaning, can avoid in firing system, producing vapour lock or carbon distribution, and the life-span of prolonged mechanical.
The concrete compositing formula of light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle of the present invention is as follows:
The 1st Example formulations:
(1) lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut (RON 78) 100 weight parts
(2) methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) 6 weight parts
(3) (CF
3)
2CF (CF
2)
6CH
2CH (OH) CH
2N
+(CH
3)
3I
-0.01 weight part
Be deployed into the light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle product that octane value (RON) is 93 units jointly.
In the prescription of present embodiment, component (3) is a kind of fluorine-containing alkylamine salt type or quaternary fluorocarbon surfactant, and it also can be used instead and be perfluoroalkyl amine salt type or quaternary fluorocarbon surfactant, for example G
7F
15CONH (CH
2)
3N
+(CH
3)
3I
-Perhaps fluoroalkyl amine salt type fluorocarbon surfactant, for example [F (CF
2)
3CH (OH) CH
2]
2NCH
2NH
2CH
2H
2SO
4
The 2nd Example formulations:
(1) lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut (RON 84) 100 weight parts
(2) methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) 3.6 weight parts
(3) C
7F
15CONHC
3H
6N
+(CH
3)
3I
-0.003 weight part
(4)C
8F
17C
2H
4O〔CH
2CH(CH
2OH)O〕
nH
(n average out to 1.7) 0.005 weight part
Be deployed into the light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle product that octane value (RON) is 93 units jointly, wherein component (4) is a kind of fluoroalkyl ether alcohol type non-ion fluorin carbon surface active agent that contains, and it is suitable with methyl alcohol ether fluorocarbon surfactant.
Again, in the prescription of present embodiment, component (3) is a kind of perfluoroalkyl acid amides quaternary, it can also use fluorine-containing alkylamine quaternary ammonium fundamental mode cation fluorine carbon surface active agent (with reference to the component (3) of aforementioned the 1st Example formulations) instead, perhaps, use fluoroalkyl amine salt type cation fluorine carbon surface active agent instead, for example [F (CF
2)
3CH (OH) CH
2]
2NCH
2CH
2NH
2H
2SO
4
The 3rd Example formulations:
(1) lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut (RON 78) 100 weight parts
(2) methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) 6 weight parts
(3) horse Singapore prestige (MARAVILLA) 0.01 weight part
Be deployed into the light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle product that octane value (RON) is 93 units jointly.It is trade(brand)name that component (3) horse Singapore in the present embodiment prescription becomes (MARAVILLA), is a kind of fluorocarbon surfactant commodity that Chinese Shanghai literary composition scape Fine Chemical Co., Ltd produces.
The 4th Example formulations:
(1) lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut (RON 84) 100 weight parts
(2) methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) 3.6 weight parts
(3) C
7F
15CONHC
3H
6N
+(CH
3)
3I
-0.002 weight part
(4) methyl alcohol ether fluorocarbon surfactant 0.003 weight part
Be deployed into the light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle product that octane value (RON) is 93 units jointly.
The no lead antiknock compound of component (2) methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) (knock-compound) in aforesaid the 1st, the 2nd, the 3rd, the 4th Example formulations can be used tert amyl methyl ether(TAME) (TAME) or anhydrous methanol or dehydrated alcohol instead, the usage quantity of these no lead antiknock compounds in prescription decides according to the octane value (RON) of recipe ingredient (1) lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut.
From the above, light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle of the present invention and compound method thereof, a kind of method of improving traditional fuel oil is provided really, utilizes light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle product and traditional low octane rating (RON) oil fuel of method preparation of the present invention to make comparisons, its advantage is as follows:
(1) the present invention utilizes the energy of refinery byproduct or Sweet natural gas oil gas condensate oil to reclaim again, to save the energy.
(2) the present invention adds lead-free octane promoter methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), tert amyl methyl ether(TAME) (TAME), anhydrous methanol or dehydrated alcohol to substitute the tetraethyllead octane promoter more serious to topsoil.
(3) high-octane rating that the present invention prepared (RON) light-hydrocarbon fuel, its burning can reach fully and fuel saving, and can improve the performance characteristics of engine, and the discharging of tail gas pollution is reduced, and the carbon distribution that can reduce oil nozzle, combustion chamber takes place, with the life-span of prolonged mechanical.
Need to prove that the above only is a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, if the change of doing according to conception of the present invention, the function of its generation, when not exceeding spiritual that specification sheets contains yet, all should be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle, its composition comprises:
(1) lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut 100 weight parts
(2) no lead antiknock compound 1 to 15 weight part
(3) cation fluorine carbon surface active agent 0.001 to 0.04 weight part
Wherein, described no lead antiknock compound is selected from one or more in methyl tertiary butyl ether, tert amyl methyl ether(TAME), anhydrous methanol, the dehydrated alcohol.
2, light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said cation fluorine carbon surface active agent are selected from one or more in fluorine-containing alkylamine quaternary ammonium salt cationic fluorocarbon surfactant, perfluoroalkyl acid amides quaternary ammonium salt cationic fluorocarbon surfactant, the fluoroalkyl amine salt type cation fluorine carbon surface active agent.
3, light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle according to claim 2, wherein said fluorine-containing alkylamine quaternary ammonium salt cationic fluorocarbon surfactant is (CF
3)
2CF (CF
2)
6CH
2CH (OH) CH
2N
+(CH
3)
3I
-, with respect to the lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut of 100 weight parts, its addition is 0.01 weight part.
4, light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle according to claim 2, wherein, described perfluoroalkyl acid amides quaternary ammonium salt cationic fluorocarbon surfactant is C
7F
15CONH C
3H
6N
+(CH
3)
3I
-, with respect to the lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut of 100 weight parts, its addition is 0.01 weight part.
5, light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle according to claim 2, wherein, described fluoroalkyl amine salt type cation fluorine carbon surface active agent is [F (CF
2)
8CH (OH) CH
2]
2NCH
2CH
2NH
2H
2SO
4, with respect to the lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut of 100 weight parts, its addition is 0.01 weight part.
6, according to each described light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle of claim 1-5, wherein further add component (4) and contain fluoroalkyl ether alcohol type non-ion fluorin carbon surface active agent, with respect to the lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut of 100 weight parts, its addition is 0.001 to 0.01 weight part.
7, light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle according to claim 6, wherein, described to contain fluoroalkyl ether alcohol type non-ion fluorin carbon surface active agent be C
8F
17C
2H
4O[CH
2CH (CH
2OH) O]
nH, wherein the n average out to 1.7, and with respect to the lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut of 100 weight parts, its addition is 0.005 weight part.
8, a kind of light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle, its composition comprises:
(1) lighter hydrocarbons pentane cut 100 weight parts
(2) no lead antiknock compound 1 to 15 weight part
(3) horse Singapore prestige fluorocarbon surfactant 0.001 to 0.04 weight part
Wherein, described no lead antiknock compound is selected from methyl tertiary butyl ether, tert amyl methyl ether(TAME), anhydrous methanol, dehydrated alcohol; Described horse Singapore prestige fluorocarbon surfactant is that Chinese Shanghai literary composition scape Fine Chemical Co., Ltd produces.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100016759A CN100475936C (en) | 2004-11-03 | 2005-02-03 | Light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200410088487.X | 2004-11-03 | ||
| CN200410088487 | 2004-11-03 | ||
| CNB2005100016759A CN100475936C (en) | 2004-11-03 | 2005-02-03 | Light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle and preparation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1769400A CN1769400A (en) | 2006-05-10 |
| CN100475936C true CN100475936C (en) | 2009-04-08 |
Family
ID=36750949
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100016759A Expired - Fee Related CN100475936C (en) | 2004-11-03 | 2005-02-03 | Light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100475936C (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008011785A1 (en) * | 2006-07-17 | 2008-01-31 | Shanghai Chinamax New Energy Co., Ltd. | Light hydrocarbon fuel composition for vehicle |
| CN101386797B (en) * | 2007-09-10 | 2012-11-21 | 上海中茂新能源应用有限公司 | Environment-friendly type light hydrocarbon fuel for vehicle |
| CN101240200B (en) * | 2007-12-29 | 2010-11-24 | 北京雄韬伟业能源科技发展（澳门）有限公司 | Vehicular methanol cleaning fuel |
| CN104560234A (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2015-04-29 | 刘敏 | New energy fuel and production technique thereof |
| CN110951510A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-03 | 安徽启东热能科技有限公司 | Clean desulfurization modification method of light hydrocarbon fuel |
-
2005
- 2005-02-03 CN CNB2005100016759A patent/CN100475936C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1769400A (en) | 2006-05-10 |
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