CN100474712C - Arrangement for guiding a layered carbon brush - Google Patents

Arrangement for guiding a layered carbon brush Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100474712C
CN100474712C CNB2005800256337A CN200580025633A CN100474712C CN 100474712 C CN100474712 C CN 100474712C CN B2005800256337 A CNB2005800256337 A CN B2005800256337A CN 200580025633 A CN200580025633 A CN 200580025633A CN 100474712 C CN100474712 C CN 100474712C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
carbon brush
guiding mechanism
compression spring
coating
spiral compression
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNB2005800256337A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN101010838A (en
Inventor
G·沙德特
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Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik GmbH
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Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik GmbH
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Publication of CN101010838A publication Critical patent/CN101010838A/en
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Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38Brush holders
    • H01R39/381Brush holders characterised by the application of pressure to brush
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38Brush holders
    • H01R39/40Brush holders enabling brush movement within holder during current collection

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  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an arrangement which is used to guide a layered carbon brush (14) comprising a metal carbon brush guide (100) which extends from a bearing plate (104) made of a plastic material, in addition to a metal helical compression spring (102) which acts upon the layered carbon brush which can be displaced in an axial manner in the carbon brush guide. In order to improve the running of said arrangement, the helical compression spring (102) has a coating (112) which is made of electrically insulating material.

Description

The guider of lamination carbon brush
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of guider of lamination carbon brush, this guider comprises the carbon brush guiding mechanism that is made of metal, this guiding mechanism stretches out from the support plate of being made by plastics or ceramic material or have this material in carbon brush guiding mechanism side at least, and comprise one affact can be in this carbon brush guiding mechanism the spiral compression spring that is made of metal on the axially movable lamination carbon brush, a twisted wire that stretches out from the lamination carbon brush is arranged in this spiral compression spring.
Background technology
As everyone knows, the carbon brush clamping device of lamination carbon brush is made of plastics.In this case, the carbon brush guiding mechanism also can be made of plastics, and flows between the carbon beam that is insulated layer isolation of lamination carbon brush to avoid transverse current.But the carbon brush guiding mechanism that is made of plastics has such shortcoming, and promptly mutual inaccuracy is aimed in its section of using as guiding mechanism, thus can not guarantee that carbon brush is carried out in accordance with regulations guiding, and be close on the commutator (Kollektor) with being the area shape thus.Exactly, often see a contact commutator that sometimes has only in the carbon brush layer.
From EP-A-1 117 160 known a kind of above-mentioned devices.Wherein, the carbon brush guiding mechanism is made up of the section of spacing distance, and these sections just sometimes surround carbon brush on periphery surface, and not necessarily damage this guiding mechanism, however, still can accurately lead.Also have such advantage simultaneously, the guiding mechanism section that promptly is made of metal not exclusively covers the side that is insulated the lamination carbon brush that carbon beam passed through that layer separates, that made by material with carbon element, so avoided flowing of transverse current.Affacting spiral compression spring on the lamination carbon brush and that on the commutator direction this lamination carbon brush is exerted pressure is made of metal.
From US-A-3 297 893 known a kind of carbon brush configurations, in this device, a helical spring affacts on the carbon brush, this helical spring with the contact zone of this carbon brush in insulate.For this reason, its pressure against the ends injection moulding is sealed or is twined by a kind of electrical insulating material.
According to US-A-4 625 136, carbon brush moves axially by a helical spring.The spiral section of this spring is close on the support.In order to reduce the friction between spring and the support, this support has one deck polytetrafluorethylecoatings coatings.
DE-A-42 28 272 has described a kind of armouring optical cable, and this armouring has for example trbasic zinc phosphate anticorrosive coat of one deck, and trbasic zinc phosphate is a kind of insulator.
DE-A-24 05 012 relates to a kind of electric wire, has a kind of insulation, for example crosslinked polyethylene of organic polymer on its lateral surface.
From FR-A-2 833 423 known a kind of carbon brush configurations.In order to reduce electromagnetic interference, suggestion constitutes as the air induction coil at the section of the spring that extend this carbon brush clamping device outside.For fear of the short circuit between the single wire turn, the liftoff extension of these wire turns or spacer perhaps applies a kind of electrical insulating material.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to improve like this said apparatus, promptly improve the wear-resisting in other words effect of anti-wear performance of carbon brush, and reduce the carbon brush temperature.
According to the present invention, this purpose is to solve so basically, and above-mentioned spiral compression spring has the coating that electrical insulating material is made at least in the zone of other encirclement twisted wire.If on the carbon brush be not spring that lateral surface is made by conducting material of effect, but when acting on a lateral surface and being the spring of electric insulation, then show astoundingly, this can improve the wear-resisting effect of carbon brush and reduce the carbon brush temperature, but the caused elastic force of spring matrix that is made of metal is then irrelevant therewith, so the advantage that has kept known this class device to be had from power transmission aspect.
By theory of the present invention can guarantee carbon brush the metal guiding mechanism, be can not produce short circuit between best carbon brush guiding mechanism of forming by the multi-region section and the spring.In addition, each section of the twisted wire pair carbon brush guiding mechanism that stretches out from carbon brush and carry out guiding movement in spiral compression spring insulate, so also got rid of the possibility that produces short circuit.This spiral compression spring constitutes an insulation cage to this twisted wire and stops thus to take place to conduct electricity with the carbon brush clamping device and contacts.
Particularly this coating comprises that one deck exposes surface layer, and this surface layer is made by organic electrical insulating material, is particularly made by a kind of high crosslinked organic material.
According to a kind of improvement project of the present invention, this coating be multilayer and comprise the surface layer that one deck is located at the bottom on this spring and covers this bottom.The bottom here preferably uses the material of trbasic zinc phosphate or phosphoric acid zinc.The thickness D of this coating should be between 5 microns and 20 microns, are preferably in 12 microns the scope.The elasticity that so just can guarantee this spring is unaffected.
In addition, this surface layer can contain a kind of lubricant additive, so that this spring is reduced friction when being close on this guiding mechanism.
That feature of the present invention also is to be made of metal and spiral compression spring with surface layer that one deck at least applies by electrical insulating material on the commutator direction of a motor to one can axially movable carbon brush be exerted pressure in the carbon brush guiding mechanism application.
Other details of the present invention, advantage and feature not only can be from single and/or quote in combination the claim of these features and learn, and can learn from preferred embodiment shown in the drawings.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the vertical view of first execution mode of the support plate of carbon brush clamping device and carbon brush guiding mechanism;
Fig. 2 is the partial view of second execution mode of support plate and carbon brush guiding mechanism;
Fig. 3 is the partial view of the 3rd execution mode of support plate and carbon brush guiding mechanism;
Fig. 4 be the carbon brush guiding mechanism with can be axially movable in this carbon brush guiding mechanism and be supported on the partial view of a multilayer carbon brush on the commutator;
Fig. 5 is the partial view that affacts the spiral compression spring on Fig. 4 carbon brush.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of support plate 12 of a bearing cap of a carbon brush holder 10 and a motor.Wherein, a lamination carbon brush 14 stretches out from support plate 12, and this lamination carbon brush is made up of carbon beam 16 and 18, and these carbon beams interconnect by a layer insulating 20.Certainly, multilayer carbon brush 14 also can have plural carbon beam 16,18 and corresponding many insulating barriers 20.
For carbon brush 14 and its carbon beam 16,18 simultaneously and be supported on (see figure 4) on the friction plate of a commutator equably, with undesirable change of the angle of lay of avoiding motor, so carbon brush 14 can move axially in a carbon brush guiding mechanism 22.Wherein carbon brush guiding mechanism 22 has a kind of like this structure structure in other words, this structure except guarantee accurate axially directed, also additionally stop the horizontal short circuit in longitudinal side wall 24,26 zones between the lamination 16,18 of carbon brush 14.Also be to need less material for this guiding mechanism.
For this reason, carbon brush guiding mechanism 22 comprises two and half housings 28,30, this two and half housing is identical and along cross wall 32,34, promptly extend along the sidewall of carbon brush 14 broads, that is to say, do not extend along longitudinal wall 24,26, the latter is by the corresponding longitudinal wall of carbon beam 16,18, promptly its narrower longitudinal side and the insulating barrier 20 that extends betwixt in other words its free longitudinal side constitute.
Two and half housings 28,30 are for example made by brass-brass-laminated plastic-aluminium-zinc by metal, so its shape is very stable, thereby have guaranteed requirement accurately axially directed of carbon brush 14.But because sidewall 24,26 extensions that two and half housings 28,30 do not constitute along the free longitudinal side by this insulating barrier, so avoided horizontal short circuit.
Two and half housings 28,30 40,42 are made of in other words the taeniae 36,38 of marginal end, and a bandy section 44,46 is arranged respectively therebetween.Section 44, the 46 common functions of carrying out the spring bulge of the spiral compression spring that describes in detail in conjunction with Figure 4 and 5, this spiral compression spring affacts on the carbon brush 14, is used on the direction of unshowned commutator this carbon brush vertically being exerted pressure along it.
In addition, so-called spring-loaded brake the 48, the 50th, brace, it is parallel in the zone of bulge 44,46 with bar shaped edge section 36,38 and extends and made things convenient for the assembling of carbon brush 14 with spiral compression spring by well-known mode in 40,42 planes of launching in other words, so spiral compression spring can not be skidded off from the guiding column that is limited by half housing 28,30 out of control.
The lug boss 54,56 of sheet 58,60 outward flanges from bar shaped edge section 36,38,40,42 in other words protrudes, half housing 28,30 location and with situations that support plate 12 is aimed at mutually under, these lug bosses are compacted, so guaranteed the fixing accurate guiding of also having guaranteed carbon brush 14 thus of the requirement of half housing 28 and 30.Lug boss 54,56,58,60 and adjacent V-arrangement of edge section 36,38,40,42 formation.
For half housing 28,30 is aimed at, they are put into a space 62 that is provided with at support plate 12, the geometry in this space is equivalent to the geometry of half housing 28,30 and is included in the distance of clamping carbon brush 14 between them.The calibration and the compressing of retention tab 54,56,58,60 that limit two and half housings 28,30 of carbon brush column can be undertaken by drift.In addition, half housing 28,30 outer surface 2.5 millimeters to 3 millimeters the scope for example that should protrude support plate 12.
As the plastic material that is used for support plate 12 should use have high-fire resistance, plastic material particularly up to 200 ℃.
Lead connection in order between carbon brush 14 and joint, to carry out electricity, also on support plate 12, imbed a kind of flat plug 64, use so-called " Faston plug " especially by a twisted wire that stretches out from carbon brush 14.Certainly, to also available other fixed solution of carbon brush twisted wire, can consult relevant prior art to this.
In addition, as shown in the figure, otch 62 in the support plate 12 is that it exposes the space 66,68 that has bar shaped, flute profile or ditch shape in the zone of longitudinal surface at insulating barrier 20, and these spaces are guaranteed because the carbon dust that wearing and tearing produce does not accumulate between the carbon beam 14,16, and avoided short circuit thus.
Element suitable with Fig. 1 in Fig. 2 embodiment is still used identical Reference numeral, and different with Fig. 1 be: four longitudinal edge 70,72,74,76 angle bar 78,80,82,84 that extend and that be fixed in the support plate 12 along carbon brush 14 resemble fixing of location, they guarantee needs axially directed of carbon brush 14, avoided simultaneously between carbon beam 16,18, producing transverse current, in support plate 12, in the territory, longitudinal edge lateral areas of insulating barrier 20, also be used for collecting the carbon dust of carbon beam 16,18 along the space 66,68 that insulating barrier 20 extends.
In the center of cross wall 32,34, semicircular space 86,88 can be set in support plate 12, they carry out the function of spring bulge, that is play the bandy section 44,46 of Fig. 1 carbon brush guiding mechanism 22.
Carbon brush guiding mechanism 90 shown in Figure 3 is made up of two U-shapeds, half housing 92,94, and they extend the longitudinal edge 70,72,74,76 that also segmentation encases carbon brush 14 at least along cross wall 32,34.In the center of cross wall 32,34, half housing 92,94 can have the bulge 96,98 that is equivalent to Fig. 1 embodiment.A spring-loaded brake also can be set.
Fig. 4 is a carbon brush guiding mechanism 100 and schematic diagram that can axially movable lamination carbon brush 14 in this guiding mechanism, and a spiral compression spring 102 acts on this lamination carbon brush in axially.This carbon brush guiding mechanism can have one as the described theory structure of Fig. 1 to 3.In other words, carbon brush guiding mechanism 100 is made up of the section of spacing distance, these sections be made of metal and from one by plastics in other words the support plate 104 made of ceramic material stretch out.
Its working face 106 of lamination carbon brush 14 usefulness is close on the friction plate of commutator 108 (Kommutator) outwardly, and this commutator illustrates a part in the drawings.Commutator 108 can be the commutator of the motor of washing machine.
For carbon brush 14 moves axially in carbon brush guiding mechanism 100 and affacts on the commutator 108 with required pressure, be provided with a spiral compression spring 102, this compression spring extends in carbon brush guiding mechanism 100.A twisted wire 109 that reaches carbon brush 14 extends in spiral compression spring 102.
Spiral compression spring 108 is made up of a core that is made of metal 110, and it also can be a cable core.The common spiral compression spring that uses in the technical field that core 110 is equivalent to be discussed.Core 110 is preferably made by the high-quality steel or stainless steel.
Spring 108 of the present invention is distinguished to some extent with the previous known spiral compression spring that acts on the lamination carbon brush, it has the coating 112 that one deck is made by electrical insulating material, in the present embodiment, this coating comprises that one deck skin or surface layer 114 and one deck are coated in internal layer or the bottom 116 on the core 110.
Surface layer 114 is by electrical insulating material, refer to be made by a kind of high crosslinked organic material especially.The internal layer 116 that constitutes on core 110 is then preferably made by trbasic zinc phosphate.
Skin or surface layer 114 can the burning infiltration method be made, so form one deck film that is thin, atresia.In addition, in surface layer 114, can add a kind of lubricant additive, so that the loss of reducing friction is in other words avoided the time in contact between spiral compression spring 102 and carbon brush guiding mechanism 100.
Certainly, if preferably on core 110, adopt coated multilayer system, then also can directly on core 110, apply electric insulation surface layer 114, but must guarantee that this core fully deoils.So internal layer 116 is preferably handled by thin brilliant trbasic zinc phosphate and formed, but on this internal layer, can resemble skin or the surface layer 116 that applies good adhesion the burning infiltration.
No matter apply one deck or multilayer on core 110, coating 112 all should have the thickness D between 5 microns and 20 microns.Preferably thickness D is approximately 12 microns.The spring performance of core 110 of so just having guaranteed to be equivalent to other general spiral compression springs that use is unaffected.
Spiral compression spring 102 can make by coating 112 electric insulations between the section of the carbon brush guiding mechanism that spiral compression spring 102 and carbon brush guiding mechanism be made of metal in other words no longer may produce short circuit.In addition, the twisted wire 109 that extends in spiral compression spring 102 is to carbon brush guiding mechanism 100 electric insulations, so also can not produce short circuit.
Spiral compression spring 102 particularly in its whole length at least in the scope at twisted wire its outside be electric insulation, and be that twisted wire 109 constitutes the cages that insulate thus.

Claims (18)

1. the guider of lamination carbon brush (14), comprise the carbon brush guiding mechanism (22 that is made of metal, 90,100), the support plate (12 of this carbon brush guiding mechanism from making by plastics or ceramic material or have plastics or ceramic material at least in carbon brush guiding mechanism side, 104) stretch out, described guider comprises that also one affacts and can compress spring (102) by the metal spiral on the axially movable lamination carbon brush in this carbon brush guiding mechanism, a twisted wire (109) that stretches out from this lamination carbon brush is arranged in this spiral compression spring, it is characterized in that described spiral compression spring (102) has the coating (112) that one deck is made by electrical insulating material at least in it surrounds the zone of this twisted wire.
2. by the described device of claim 1, it is characterized in that described spiral compression spring (102) all has coating (112) on its whole length.
3. by claim 1 or 2 described devices, it is characterized in that described coating (112) is made by organic electrical insulating material on lateral surface.
4. by the described device of claim 3, it is characterized in that described organic electrical insulating material is high crosslinked.
5. by claim 1 or 2 described devices, it is characterized in that described coating (112) is a multilayer.
6. by claim 1 or 2 described devices, it is characterized in that described coating (112) has one deck and is arranged on bottom on the spiral compression spring (102) or internal layer (116) and one deck and covers surface layer (114) this bottom or internal layer, that made by organic electrical insulating material.
7. by the described device of claim 6, it is characterized in that described organic electrical insulating material is high crosslinked.
8. by the described device of claim 6, it is characterized in that described bottom (114) is made by trbasic zinc phosphate or contained this material.
9. by claim 1 or 2 described devices, it is characterized in that the thickness D that described coating (112) has is: 5 microns≤D≤20 microns.
10. by the described device of claim 9, it is characterized in that the thickness D of described coating (112) is approximately 12 microns.
11., it is characterized in that described surface layer (114) contains a kind of lubricant additive by the described device of claim 6.
12., it is characterized in that described surface layer (114) is by burning infiltration upward formation of bottom (116) in other words on spiral compression spring (102) by the described device of claim 6.
13. by claim 1 or 2 described devices, it is characterized in that, carbon brush guiding mechanism that be made of metal or metallic (22,90,100) comprises at least along opposed (32,34) or the guide spaced apart from each other (28,30,78,80,84,92,94) that extends along the seamed edge (70,72,74,76) of these faces of qualification of carbon brush (14), these guides constitute carbon brush guiding mechanisms, and wherein these guides are fixed in the support plate (12,104) and and the liftoff extension of insulating barrier spacer of extending between the carbon beam of lamination carbon brush (14) independently of each other.
14., it is characterized in that described guide (28,30,78,80,84,92,94) is identical by the described device of claim 13.
15. by the described device of claim 13, it is characterized in that, described guide (28,30) extends along the face (34,36) of the individual layer ground formation of carbon brush (14), wherein said carbon brush guiding mechanism (22,90) is made of two half identical housings (28,30,92,94), and these two half identical housings are symmetrical in the symmetrical plane extension of carbon brush (14).
16., it is characterized in that the guide (92,94) that cross section is a U-shaped is respectively along opposed (32,34) of lamination carbon brush (14) and surround its seamed edge ground extension at least in part by claim 1 or 2 described devices.
17., it is characterized in that the corresponding cross section of described guide has the trend of arc by the described device of claim 16.
18., it is characterized in that described carbon brush guiding mechanism (22,90) its section is in other words made by brass, brass-laminated plastic or aluminium-zinc by claim 1 or 2 described devices.
CNB2005800256337A 2004-05-27 2005-05-27 Arrangement for guiding a layered carbon brush Expired - Fee Related CN100474712C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200410026541 DE102004026541A1 (en) 2004-05-27 2004-05-27 Arrangement for guiding a laminated carbon brush
DE102004026541.0 2004-05-27

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CN101010838A CN101010838A (en) 2007-08-01
CN100474712C true CN100474712C (en) 2009-04-01

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EP (1) EP1754289A1 (en)
CN (1) CN100474712C (en)
DE (1) DE102004026541A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2005117214A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3032842B1 (en) * 2015-02-18 2018-04-13 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur SPIRAL SPRING OF A BRUSH HOLDER
CN108768121B (en) * 2018-08-31 2024-04-02 揭阳市汇宝昌电器有限公司 Structure for automatically replacing carbon brush of motor

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE538475C (en) * 1929-09-15 1931-11-09 Giovanni Pedrazzo Brush holders and brushes for high-current electrical machines
FR1234612A (en) * 1958-09-18 1960-10-18 Genevoise Instr Physique Electrical contact device
FR2504742B3 (en) * 1981-04-25 1984-06-08 Vogt Gmbh & Co Kg
EP1117160A1 (en) * 2000-01-13 2001-07-18 Schunk Italia S.r.l. Carbon holder device
DE10042467A1 (en) * 2000-08-29 2002-03-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brush assembly for an electrical machine
FR2833423A1 (en) * 2001-12-10 2003-06-13 Gerard Leblanc Electric motor with commutator has helicoidal brush springs one of which is used with iron core to constitute an inductance in series with the motor and thus reduce electromagnetic disturbances

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3297893A (en) * 1963-09-19 1967-01-10 Litz Co Brush mechanisms
US3793476A (en) * 1973-02-26 1974-02-19 Gen Electric Insulated conductor with a strippable layer
DE3346595C2 (en) * 1983-12-23 1986-11-20 Max Frost Maschinen- und Apparatebau, 4508 Bohmte Brush holders for electrical machines
DE4228272A1 (en) * 1992-08-26 1994-03-03 Siemens Ag Optical cable with protective layer preventing ingress of water - has corrosion proof steel wires around wave guide as reinforcement

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE538475C (en) * 1929-09-15 1931-11-09 Giovanni Pedrazzo Brush holders and brushes for high-current electrical machines
FR1234612A (en) * 1958-09-18 1960-10-18 Genevoise Instr Physique Electrical contact device
FR2504742B3 (en) * 1981-04-25 1984-06-08 Vogt Gmbh & Co Kg
EP1117160A1 (en) * 2000-01-13 2001-07-18 Schunk Italia S.r.l. Carbon holder device
DE10042467A1 (en) * 2000-08-29 2002-03-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brush assembly for an electrical machine
FR2833423A1 (en) * 2001-12-10 2003-06-13 Gerard Leblanc Electric motor with commutator has helicoidal brush springs one of which is used with iron core to constitute an inductance in series with the motor and thus reduce electromagnetic disturbances

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DE102004026541A1 (en) 2005-12-22
CN101010838A (en) 2007-08-01
EP1754289A1 (en) 2007-02-21
WO2005117214A1 (en) 2005-12-08

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