CN100468072C - High-voltage transmission line lightning stroke flashover path detection method - Google Patents
High-voltage transmission line lightning stroke flashover path detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100468072C CN100468072C CNB2006100897718A CN200610089771A CN100468072C CN 100468072 C CN100468072 C CN 100468072C CN B2006100897718 A CNB2006100897718 A CN B2006100897718A CN 200610089771 A CN200610089771 A CN 200610089771A CN 100468072 C CN100468072 C CN 100468072C
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Abstract
This invention relates to one high voltage circuit lighting flash over testing method, which comprises the following steps: adopting the voltage sensor and current sensor as reference level and fixing the voltage sensor to the insulator series bar metal tool to trigger negative charge induce; the voltage sensor tests the negative voltage signals; to positive charge positive charge the voltage sensor tests the positive voltage signal; dividing round and reverse attack according to the current and voltage sensors; comparing the current and voltage signals and when both are positive or negative , the flash over is reverse or when one is positive and the other is negative, the flash over is round.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ultra-high-tension power transmission line lightning information fields of measurement, a kind of high-voltage transmission line lightning stroke flashover path detection method particularly is provided, the flashover path when adopting current sensor and voltage sensor to measure transmission line of lightning strike (counterattack and shielding).
Technical background
China's southern area lightening activity is very frequent, and the whole nation has the huge ultra-high-tension power transmission line of quantity electric energy is sent to big and medium-sized cities from the generating plant.Power outage is usually taken place in ultra-high-tension power transmission line because of being struck by lightning.Lightning strike accident is one of modal accident of transmission line of electricity, has had a strong impact on the security and the reliability of electric power supply.No matter thunder and lightning drops near the ground of transmission line of electricity, still drops on the circuit, all might cause the insulator arc-over on the circuit, and then cause singlephase earth fault.Therefore ultra-high-tension power transmission line is all attached great importance to lightning protection from being designed into maintenance.In the design phase, need be according to the series of parameters such as Insulation Coordination of lightning information parameter designing transmission line of electricity.Yet lightening activity belongs to small probability event, and its parameter has strong randomness, need add up from a large amount of measured datas.Simultaneously, the real information difficulty of measurement lightening activity is very big.Therefore, the transmission line of electricity that designs according to present not really accurate lightning information can not produce a desired effect, and flashover usually takes place.
Insulator arc-over takes place when transmission line of electricity is struck by lightning, and its flashover path has two.Article one, be that thunder and lightning hits lightning conducter or shaft tower, most of lightning current flows into the earth along body of the tower, and the fraction lightning current is downward from the shaft tower top, flows on the high-voltage conducting wires along the flashover electric arc of insulator surface, and this path is called the counterattack path, referring to accompanying drawing 1.Second is that thunder and lightning " is walked around " lightning conducter, hits high-voltage conducting wires, and lightning current makes progress from high-voltage conducting wires, flows on the shaft tower along the flashover electric arc of insulator surface, flows into the earth along shaft tower at last, is called the shielding path, referring to accompanying drawing 2.Obviously, the electric charge of thunder and lightning is opposite along the direction of this two flow path, and produces parameters such as risk of flashback, counterattack lightning withstand level, risk of shielding failure, shielding lightning withstand level therefrom, is one of important parameter in the transmission line of electricity design.At these two kinds of flashovers of different nature, need to adopt the different design precautionary measures.For example, for counterattack, should reduce pole tower ground resistance; For shielding, should improve lightning conducter position and shielding angle.Because lightning parameter is grasped inadequately, and actual effect can not reach designing requirement.Particularly after flashover takes place, have no way of learning that counterattack or shielding have taken place at the end, thereby be difficult to take targetedly the precautionary measures, also be difficult to find design defect.Therefore, be badly in need of a kind ofly can differentiating shielding and counterattack ground method, instructing the precautionary measures, and improve lightning information precision, improvement line design method.
Concentrate on aspect three in the actual measurement main research work in lightning information field both at home and abroad at present.The first, the large-scale promotion application lightning location system has obtained basic lightening activity parameter such as each department thunderstorm days, thunderbolt density, amplitude of lightning current distribution probability; The second, on the analog line of test base, carry out lightning test research, for example utilize mouse to draw thunder, measure the size of lightning current, observe the line flashover situation; The 3rd, thunderbolt shaft tower, transmission line of electricity induction lightening to be compressed into the line number value and calculated, the research reasonable calculation method is for example calculated from the Numerical Calculation of Electromagnetic Field angle.The main means of obtaining lightening activity information at present are lightning location systems.This system utilizes the size of a plurality of antenna remote measurements thunderbolt orientation and lightning current, for the lightning Protection Design of transmission line of electricity has accumulated raw data.But lightning location system is installed in the research station, and away from lightning strike spot, measuring accuracy is limited, can not distinguish counterattack and shielding.Individual device is abroad arranged, utilize the polarity of current sensor measurement lightning flash over electric current, and suppose that the thunderbolt incident is only produced by the negative charge thundercloud, thereby distinguish counterattack and shielding according to the polarity of current sensor output signal.But, there is sub-fraction to produce in the in fact thunderbolt incident by the positive charge thundercloud, still not accurate enough according to the data that above-mentioned hypothesis obtains.
In a word, actual measurement lightning flash over route method there is no report at home and abroad on actual transmission line of electricity.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-voltage transmission line lightning stroke flashover path detection method, can distinguish the negative charge thunder and cause counterattack, the positive charge thunder causes counterattack, and the negative charge thunder causes shielding, and the positive charge thunder causes four kinds of situations of shielding.
Transmission line of lightning strike causes insulator arc-over, following four kinds of situations can occur: (1) negative charge thunder causes counterattack; (2) the positive charge thunder causes counterattack; (3) the negative charge thunder causes shielding; (4) the positive charge thunder causes shielding.If the flow direction with the lightning flash over electric current in when counterattack is the electric current positive dirction, and current sensor is installed on the shaft tower side gold utensil of insulator chain, then when situation (1) or (4) when occurring, current sensor all measures the negative current signal; When situation (2) or (3) when occurring, current sensor all measures the positive current signal.Therefore only rely on current sensor to be not enough to distinguish shielding and counterattack.
The present invention adopts voltage sensor and current sensor to use simultaneously, current sensor and voltage sensor are installed on the shaft tower side gold utensil of insulator chain: if be the electric current positive dirction with the direction of pointing to insulator chain from the shaft tower cross-arm, then cause counterattack, negative charge thunder initiation shielding situation for the positive charge thunder, current sensor all detects the positive current signal; Cause counterattack, positive charge thunder initiation shielding situation for the negative charge thunder, current sensor all detects the negative current signal; If with the direction of pointing to the shaft tower cross-arm from insulator chain is the electric current positive dirction, then cause counterattack, negative charge thunder initiation shielding situation for the positive charge thunder, current sensor all detects the negative current signal; Cause counterattack, positive charge thunder initiation shielding situation for the negative charge thunder, current sensor all detects the positive current signal.
If with that pole plate away from gold utensil in two pole plates of voltage sensor is ground reference, then cause counterattack, negative charge thunder initiation shielding situation for the negative charge thunder, voltage sensor all detects negative voltage signal; Cause counterattack, positive charge thunder initiation shielding situation for the positive charge thunder, voltage sensor all detects positive voltage signal; If with that pole plate near gold utensil in two pole plates of voltage sensor is ground reference, then cause counterattack, negative charge thunder initiation shielding situation for the negative charge thunder, voltage sensor all detects positive voltage signal; Cause counterattack, positive charge thunder initiation shielding situation for the positive charge thunder, voltage sensor all detects negative voltage signal.
According to the polarity of current sensor and voltage sensor output signal, contrast can be distinguished above-mentioned four kinds of situations above to the description of various situation lower sensor output signal polarity, promptly can distinguish shielding and counterattack.
Step is:
(1) current sensor and voltage sensor are installed on insulator chain shaft tower side gold utensil, the positive dirction of clear and definite current sensor and the ground reference of voltage sensor when requiring to install.
(2) utilize voltage sensor and current sensor to measure the flashover current and the flashover voltage of the insulator chain shaft tower side gold utensil of flowing through simultaneously respectively.
(3) bring the polarity of current sensor and voltage sensor output signal into various situations mentioned above, the flashover path in then identical with it description is exactly the conclusion that obtains by the present invention.
The used current sensor of the present invention can be Rogovski type current sensor, Hall current sensor, optical current sensor etc.
The used voltage sensor of the present invention can be coupling capacitance formula voltage sensor, optical voltage sensor, space electric field type voltage sensor etc.
The invention has the advantages that: creatively utilize the polarity of current sensor and voltage sensor output signal to judge lightning stroke flashover path, changed the present situation that to distinguish counterattack and shielding, design and maintenance to ultra-high-tension power transmission line can produce major improvement, and its economic benefit and social benefit will be very huge; Principle is novel and simple, is accepted by those of ordinary skill easily and adopts; The sensor technology that is adopted all is ripe current sensor technology and voltage sensor technology, and is with low cost, is easy to apply in the whole nation.
Description of drawings
The counterattack synoptic diagram takes place for insulator of the present invention in Fig. 1.
Fig. 2 is an insulator generation shielding synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is sensor and data processing unit installation site in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is for current sensor schematic diagram in the embodiment of the invention and be used for the circuit of LED that signal transmits.
Fig. 5 is for voltage sensor schematic diagram in the embodiment of the invention and be used for the circuit of LED that signal transmits
Fig. 6 for the present invention when the negative charge thunder is strikeed back, current sensor is output as negative, voltage sensor is output as negative.Wherein, Ch1: negative polarity current channel; Ch2: positive polarity current channel; Ch3: reverse voltage passage; Ch4: positive polarity voltage passage.
Fig. 7 for the present invention when the positive charge thunder is strikeed back, current sensor just is output as, voltage sensor just is output as.Wherein, Ch1: negative polarity current channel; Ch2: positive polarity current channel; Ch3: reverse voltage passage; Ch4: positive polarity voltage passage.
Fig. 8 for the present invention when the shielding of negative charge thunder, current sensor just is output as, voltage sensor is output as negative.Wherein, Ch1: negative polarity current channel; Ch2: positive polarity current channel; Ch3: reverse voltage passage; Ch4: positive polarity voltage passage.
Fig. 9 for the present invention when the shielding of positive charge thunder, current sensor is output as negative, voltage sensor just is output as.Wherein, Ch1: negative polarity current channel; Ch2: positive polarity current channel; Ch3: reverse voltage passage; Ch4: positive polarity voltage passage.
Specific implementation method
As shown in Figure 3, rogowski coil formula current sensor is enclosed within on the shaft tower side gold utensil of insulator chain, the positive dirction that requires current sensor is for pointing to insulator chain from the shaft tower cross-arm, when flashover takes place, then flashover current flows through gold utensil, can be measured by current sensor; Coupling capacitance formula voltage sensor is enclosed within on the shaft tower side gold utensil of insulator chain, the positive dirction that requires voltage sensor be from the insulator chain gold utensil outwards when the generation flashover, then the voltage of gold utensil is exactly flashover voltage, and the polarity of this voltage is exactly the polarity of voltage sensor output signal.The output signal of current sensor and voltage sensor converts light signal to by light emitting diode after optical fiber is delivered to the data processing unit that is positioned at body of the tower, can know that through polarity the flashover of generation is counterattack or shielding after relatively, and report to transformer station by radio communication.
Above-mentioned implementation method does not have specific (special) requirements to sensor, and has obtained checking in the laboratory.Accompanying drawing 4 and Fig. 5 have described the Fundamentals of Sensors of being developed, and accompanying drawing 6～Fig. 9 is the detected above-mentioned four kinds of situations of this sensor.Sensor output shows that by oscillograph wherein Ch1 is the negative polarity current channel; Ch2 is the positive polarity current channel; Ch3 is the reverse voltage passage; Ch4 is the positive polarity voltage passage.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of high-voltage transmission line lightning stroke flashover path detection method, it is characterized in that: adopt voltage sensor and current sensor to use simultaneously, current sensor and voltage sensor are installed on the shaft tower side gold utensil of insulator chain, distinguish counterattack and shielding according to the polarity of these two kinds of sensor output signals: when being the electric current positive dirction with the direction of pointing to insulator chain from the shaft tower cross-arm, cause counterattack, negative charge thunder initiation shielding situation for the positive charge thunder, current sensor all detects the positive current signal; Cause counterattack, positive charge thunder initiation shielding situation for the negative charge thunder, current sensor all detects the negative current signal; When being the electric current positive dirction with direction from insulator chain sensing shaft tower cross-arm, cause counterattack, negative charge thunder initiation shielding situation for the positive charge thunder, current sensor all detects the negative current signal; Cause counterattack, positive charge thunder initiation shielding situation for the negative charge thunder, current sensor all detects the positive current signal; That pole plate away from gold utensil in two pole plates of voltage sensor is a ground reference, for the negative charge thunder cause counterattack, the negative charge thunder causes the shielding situation, voltage sensor all detects negative voltage signal; Cause counterattack, positive charge thunder initiation shielding situation for the positive charge thunder, voltage sensor all detects positive voltage signal; That pole plate near gold utensil in two pole plates of voltage sensor is a ground reference, for the negative charge thunder cause counterattack, the negative charge thunder causes the shielding situation, voltage sensor all detects positive voltage signal; Cause counterattack, positive charge thunder initiation shielding situation for the positive charge thunder, voltage sensor all detects negative voltage signal.
2, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: used current sensor is rogowski coil type current sensor, Hall element type current sensor, optical current sensor.
3, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: used voltage sensor is coupling capacitance formula voltage sensor, optical voltage sensor.
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| CNB2006100897718A CN100468072C (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2006-07-14 | High-voltage transmission line lightning stroke flashover path detection method |
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| CN100468072C true CN100468072C (en) | 2009-03-11 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100498357C (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2009-06-10 | 清华大学 | High voltage electricity transmission system thunder-proof property parameter test method |
| CN101290337B (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2010-06-02 | 昆明理工大学 | High voltage direct current transmission line thunderbolt shielding failure and counterattack recognition method |
| CN101692103B (en) * | 2009-08-26 | 2011-04-27 | 清华大学 | Testing method of parameters and characteristics of lightning strike of electric transmission line |
| CN103487731B (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2016-04-20 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of insulator chain test unit |
| CN104833838B (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2017-12-22 | 中国人民解放军理工大学 | High tower lightning current measuring apparatus and method |
| CN113011098B (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2023-09-01 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Lightning activity rule analysis display model and system for power transmission corridor area |
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