CN100467413C - Composite active carbon fibre and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Composite active carbon fibre and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100467413C CN100467413C CNB2005101019468A CN200510101946A CN100467413C CN 100467413 C CN100467413 C CN 100467413C CN B2005101019468 A CNB2005101019468 A CN B2005101019468A CN 200510101946 A CN200510101946 A CN 200510101946A CN 100467413 C CN100467413 C CN 100467413C
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- active carbon
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Abstract
A composite activated carbon fiber is composed of glass fiber and the clad layer of porous carbon. Its preparing process includes such steps as immersing glass fiber in the solution of polyacrylonitrile, phenol or PVC, and zinc chloride or phosphoric acid, high-temp carbonizing and activating at 450-900 deg.C, and activating by steam. Its advantages are large specific surface area, high strength and output rate, and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite active carbon fibre and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Gac is the porous charcoal sorbing material of the first-generation, can be divided into powdered carbon and granular carbon two classes.Gac is because its cheap price and higher loading capacity and play an important role in environmental purification.But the hole utilization ratio that it is low, slow adsorption-desorption speed, not thorough to the low-concentration organic processing makes it often fail to reach fast, thoroughly (handle the back exit concentration and reach the ppb rank) requirement of removing light concentration organic pollutant.
Activated carbon fiber is the novel carbon material adsorbing material of the s-generation, is a kind of porous fiber shape sorbing material, with gac very big difference is arranged on the structure.It has flourishing microvoid structure, higher specific surface and outer surface area, thereby has higher loading capacity and rate of adsorption faster.Adsorptive capacity to organic steam is bigger several times even tens times than granular carbon; Can reach balance in tens of seconds to several minutes to the absorption of gas.Even activated carbon fiber in the water very the organism of lower concentration very strong adsorptive power is also arranged, be the desirable sorbing material of advanced treatment of wastewater.Some industrial sewage can be realized the reuse of water through the adsorption treatment of activated carbon fiber.Activated carbon fiber also is used to the advanced treatment of tap water gradually, removes and cause flavor, causes color substance and hazardous and noxious substances effectively.
But the price that activated carbon fiber is higher has hindered its widespread use in environmental improvement.
At present, improve the production yield of activated carbon fiber, the structure of control activated carbon fiber, thus reduce its production cost significantly, obtain good cost performance, be the bottleneck of this class materials industrialization.
The present invention takes new material design and chemical activation technology, can improve the production yield greatly, improves the intensity and the use properties of activated carbon fiber, thereby reduces the production cost of this NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE activated carbon fiber significantly.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel composite active carbon fibre and preparation method thereof.
Composite active carbon fibre of the present invention is this by glass fibre and is coated on the outer field porous charcoal layer of glass fibre and constitutes that this porous charcoal layer accounts for 10～50% of composite active carbon fibre gross weight, in the porous charcoal layer abundant microporous is arranged.
The porous charcoal layer of described composite active carbon fibre can be formed through the high temperature carbonization activation by superpolymer such as polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol or phenolic aldehyde.
Glass fibre in the described composite active carbon fibre can be glass fiber or glasscloth.The diameter of described glass fiber is generally 1 μ m～50 μ m.
The specific surface area of composite active carbon fibre of the present invention is generally 500m
2/ g C to 1800m
2/ g C; Pore volume is generally 0.5mL/g C～1.7mL/g C.The aperture of micropore mainly concentrates on about 0.6～1.2nm; Part mesopore aperture can reach 40nm.
Composite active carbon fibre of the present invention can prepare by the following method: with superpolymer such as polyacrylonitrile, phenolic aldehyde or polyvinyl alcohol be made into mixing solutions with liquor zinci chloridi or the 15mol/L phosphoric acid of 8～15wt%; The weight ratio of superpolymer and zinc chloride is 1:1～1:7, or the weight ratio of superpolymer and 15mol/L phosphoric acid is 1:1; Then with glass fiber impregnated in this mixing solutions, make glass fibre coat the one layer of polymeric layer, then above-mentioned fiber was heated under 500～900 ℃ of temperature carbonization-activation 0.5～6 hour, obtain the composite active carbon fibre of a large amount of micropores.
According to above-mentioned preparation method, also can when carbonization-activation, feed steam activation in case of necessity, the flow of water vapor is generally 0.5～5g/min.
It is starting material that the present invention adopts resin-coated fiber reinforced glass matrix, and adopts the method for chemical activation, and preparation has a new generation's " composite active carbon fibre " of " core-sheath composite structure ".The present invention can improve the production yield greatly, thereby reduces the production cost of this NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE activated carbon fiber significantly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sem photograph of composite active carbon fibre sample of the present invention.Show that active porous charcoal layer is coated on the outside surface of glass fibre substantially equably.
Fig. 2 is the micropore distribution plan of composite active carbon fibre.The micropore that shows this composite active carbon fibre mainly concentrates between 0.6～1.0nm.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The high-molecular polyvinyl alcohol powder is mixed by the 1:1 weight ratio with zinc chloride, be made into the solution that contains polyvinyl alcohol 10wt%, then glasscloth was soaked in this solution 2 hours, the glass fibre of superpolymer has been soaked in taking-up, in 140 ℃ of following dry 30min, obtain containing the glass fibre of polymer coating.With this fiber under nitrogen protection, in 500 ℃ of following carbonization-activations 6 hours, composite active carbon fibre.The pore structure analysis revealed that this composite active carbon fibre carries out through the cryogenic nitrogen adsorption experiment, the specific surface area of this composite active carbon fibre porous charcoal layer is 900m
2/ gC.
The high-molecular polyvinyl alcohol powder is mixed by the 1.5:10 weight ratio with zinc chloride, be made into the solution that contains polyvinyl alcohol 8wt%, then glasscloth was soaked in this solution 3 hours, the glass fibre of superpolymer has been soaked in taking-up, in 140 ℃ of following dry 30min, obtain containing the glass fibre of polymer coating.With this fiber under nitrogen protection, in 700 ℃ of following carbonization-activations 2 hours, composite active carbon fibre.The pore structure analysis revealed that this composite active carbon fibre carries out through the cryogenic nitrogen adsorption experiment, the specific surface area of this composite active carbon fibre porous charcoal layer is 1840m
2/ g C.Wherein the surface-area of mesopore accounts for 30% of total specific surface area.
Embodiment 3
The high-molecular polyvinyl alcohol powder is mixed by the 1.5:8 weight ratio with zinc chloride, be made into the solution that contains polyvinyl alcohol 15wt%, then glasscloth was soaked in this solution 2 hours, the glass fibre of superpolymer has been soaked in taking-up, in 140 ℃ of following dry 30min, obtain containing the fiber of polyethylene coating.With this fiber under nitrogen protection, in 600 ℃ of following carbonization-activations 2 hours, composite active carbon fibre.The pore structure analysis revealed that this composite active carbon fibre carries out through the cryogenic nitrogen adsorption experiment, the specific surface area of this composite active carbon fibre porous charcoal layer is 1800m
2/ g C.The aperture of micropore mainly is distributed in about 1.0nm.
Embodiment 4
The high-molecular polyvinyl alcohol powder is mixed by the 1:1 weight ratio with zinc chloride, be made into the solution that contains polyvinyl alcohol 8wt%, then glasscloth was soaked in this solution 0.5 hour, the glass fibre of superpolymer has been soaked in taking-up, in 140 ℃ of following dry 30min, obtain containing the fiber of polyethylene coating.With this fiber under nitrogen protection, in 900 ℃ of following carbonization-activations 0.5 hour, composite active carbon fibre.The pore structure analysis revealed that this composite active carbon fibre carries out through the cryogenic nitrogen adsorption experiment, the specific surface area of this composite active carbon fibre porous charcoal layer is 1030m
2/ g C.The aperture of micropore mainly is distributed in about 0.8nm.
Embodiment 5
The high-molecular polyvinyl alcohol powder is mixed by the 1:4 weight ratio with zinc chloride, be made into and contain polyvinyl alcohol 8wt% solution, then glasscloth was soaked in this solution 1 hour, take out the glass fibre that has soaked superpolymer, obtain containing the fiber of polyethylene coating.This fiber under nitrogen protection, in 900 ℃ of following carbonization-activations 1 hour, was fed steam activation 1 hour subsequently, composite active carbon fibre.The pore structure analysis revealed that this composite active carbon fibre carries out through the cryogenic nitrogen adsorption experiment, the specific surface area of this composite active carbon fibre porous charcoal layer is 1200m
2/ g C.Micropore size mainly is distributed near the 1.3nm.
The high-molecular polyvinyl alcohol powder is mixed by the 1:1 weight ratio with the phosphoric acid of 15mol/L, be made into and contain polyvinyl alcohol 15wt% solution, then glasscloth was soaked in this solution 0.5 hour, and took out the glass fibre that has soaked superpolymer, obtain containing the fiber of polyethylene coating.With this fiber under nitrogen protection, in 450 ℃ of following carbonization-activations 2 hours, composite active carbon fibre.The pore structure analysis revealed that this composite active carbon fibre carries out through the cryogenic nitrogen adsorption experiment, the specific surface area of this composite active carbon fibre porous charcoal layer is 510m
2/ g C.
Embodiment 7
Polyacrylonitrile is mixed by the 1:2 weight ratio with zinc chloride, be made into the solution that contains polyacrylonitrile 8wt%, then glasscloth be soaked in this solution 2 hours, take out the glass fibre that has soaked superpolymer, in 140 ℃ of following dry 30min, obtain containing the fiber of polyacrylonitrile coating.With this fiber under nitrogen protection, in 800 ℃ of following carbonization-activations 2 hours, composite active carbon fibre.The pore structure analysis revealed that this composite active carbon fibre carries out through the cryogenic nitrogen adsorption experiment, the specific surface area of this composite active carbon fibre porous charcoal layer is 1030m
2/ g C.The aperture of micropore mainly is distributed in about 0.8nm.
Resol is mixed by the 1:2 weight ratio with phosphoric acid, be made into the solution of phenolic aldehyde content 8wt%, then this resin compound is coated on the glass fibre.With this fiber under nitrogen protection, in 900 ℃ of following carbonization-activations 2 hours, composite active carbon fibre.The pore structure analysis revealed that this composite active carbon fibre carries out through the cryogenic nitrogen adsorption experiment, the specific surface area of this composite active carbon fibre porous charcoal layer is 600m
2/ g C.The aperture of micropore mainly is distributed in about 0.8nm.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of a composite active carbon fibre is made into mixing solutions with the liquor zinci chloridi of superpolymer polyacrylonitrile, phenolic aldehyde or polyvinyl alcohol and 8～15wt% or the phosphoric acid solution of 15mol/L; The weight ratio of superpolymer and zinc chloride is 1:1～1:7, or the weight ratio of superpolymer and 15mol/L phosphoric acid solution is 1:1; Then with glass fiber impregnated in this mixing solutions, make glass fibre coat the one layer of polymeric layer, then above-mentioned fiber was heated under 500～900 ℃ of temperature carbonization-activation 0.5～6 hour, when carbonization-activation, feed steam activation, the flow of water vapor is 0.5～5g/min, obtains the composite active carbon fibre of a large amount of micropores.
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| CN100467413C true CN100467413C (en) | 2009-03-11 |
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Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101564699B (en) * | 2009-05-22 | 2011-11-16 | 中山大学 | Porous carbon fiber embedded with ZnO/MgO micron bar and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN101665276B (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2011-04-20 | 王万寿 | Composite activated carbon fiber polar plate |
| GB201116713D0 (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2011-11-09 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Catalyst |
| CN103566885B (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2015-07-01 | 四川创越炭材料有限公司 | Activated carbon fiber ball and preparation method thereof |
| CN104264285A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2015-01-07 | 四川创越炭材料有限公司 | Method for preparing mesoporous activated carbon fibers |
| CN107233865B (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2019-11-26 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | A kind of richness nitrogen carbon ball and preparation method thereof and the application as adsorbent in acidic chromium-containing wastewater processing |
| CN107311453B (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2019-12-27 | 济南大学 | Method for reusing waste glass fiber fabric in glass production |
| CN109346333A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-02-15 | 桂林理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of carbon/glass fabric electrode of super capacitor |
| CN109935751B (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2022-07-19 | 万向一二三股份公司 | Battery module fixing panel and preparation method thereof |
| CN112063042B (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2022-08-30 | 余姚市宏邦包装有限公司 | Degradable polypropylene plastic and preparation method and application thereof |
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2005
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Non-Patent Citations (4)
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| 不同原料基活性碳纤维的结构及吸附特征研究. 岳中仁等.合成纤维工业，第19卷第6期. 1996 |
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